US2208938A - Divided stream electron multiplier - Google Patents

Divided stream electron multiplier Download PDF

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Publication number
US2208938A
US2208938A US139949A US13994937A US2208938A US 2208938 A US2208938 A US 2208938A US 139949 A US139949 A US 139949A US 13994937 A US13994937 A US 13994937A US 2208938 A US2208938 A US 2208938A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cathode
electrons
electron
electron multiplier
tubular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US139949A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard L Snyder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Farnsworth Televislon & Radio
Farnsworth Televislon & Radio Corp
Original Assignee
Farnsworth Televislon & Radio
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Farnsworth Televislon & Radio filed Critical Farnsworth Televislon & Radio
Priority to US139949A priority Critical patent/US2208938A/en
Priority to GB11835/38A priority patent/GB501316A/en
Priority to CH203533D priority patent/CH203533A/de
Priority to NL87535A priority patent/NL49448C/xx
Priority to BE427770D priority patent/BE427770A/xx
Priority to FR837400D priority patent/FR837400A/fr
Priority to DEF84901D priority patent/DE740822C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2208938A publication Critical patent/US2208938A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J43/00—Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes
    • H01J43/04—Electron multipliers
    • H01J43/06—Electrode arrangements
    • H01J43/18—Electrode arrangements using essentially more than one dynode

Definitions

  • My invention relates to electron multipliers, and more particularly to an electron multiplier wherein the electron stream is divided.
  • an electron multiplier wherein electrons are separated into two divergent streams in order to reduce space charge effects; to provide an electron multiplier of symmetrical structure; to provide an electron multiplier having a shielded input; to provide a means and method of electron multiplication to the end that space charge limitations are reduced; and to provide a simple and efiicient means and method of electron multiplication.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one preferred embodiment of my invention.
  • Figure 2 is a. circuit diagram showing one way in which the tube of Figure 1 may be connected for operation.
  • an envelope l is provided at one end with a reentrant stem 2 carrying an input assembly including a thermionic cathode 3 heated by a heater filament 4. Emission from the thermionic cathode 3 is controlled by a control grid 5 5, fined the control grid 5 is surrounded by shield gri A multiplying assembly is supported by a band 1 clamped to stem 2 by upright risers 8.
  • This assembly comprises a tubular cathode 9, having 10 its inner surface sensitized toprcduce secondary electrons at a ratio greater than unity. This sensitization may take many forms, but for high emission ratios may be caesium on silver oxide.
  • Tubular cathode 9 has a plurality of support ex- 1 tensions l0 adjacent each end thereof, sealed in glass beads ll. Also sealed to glass heads at each end of the open tubular cathode 9 are support extensions l2 of a pair of apertured collecting electrodes I4, one electrode extending across one 20 end of the tubular cathode and the other extending across the opposite end. Immediately back of each apertured collecting electrode is a disc cathode l5 sensitized as the tubular cathode, also provided with support extensions 16 extendg5 ing into beads ll. Thus, the tubular cathode, the collecting electrode, and the disc cathodes are locked in relative positionby beads II.
  • the two collecting electrodes M are connected together by conductor link 20 and the two disc cathodes are to connected together by connecting link 2
  • the appropriate electrode l4 and the adjacent disc cathode I5 are provided with central apertures 25 through which leads 26 to the input assembly may pass, thus y positioning the input assembly co-axially with respect to the tubular cathode 9.
  • the device may be operated in one manner as shown in Figure 2.
  • the heating source for heater filament 4 is not shown, 45 but the connections thereto are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the thermionic cathode 3 is connected to ground through lead 30.
  • Input grid 5 is supplied with signal energy from input lead 3
  • Screen grid 5 is provided with a posiac tive potential from source 32 through lead 34.
  • the tubular cathode 9 is still more positively energized by additional source 35 through lead 35.
  • the two disc cathodes l5 are energized to a still higher positive potential by additional source 63 31 through lead 39, and output electrodes M are held still higher in potential by final source 40 connected to the output electrodes l4 through output resistor M, the output of the device being made available in a work circuit through output lead 42. If separate output circuits are desired for each collecting electrode, separate leads. are brought out to source 40 and an output resistor is placed in each lead.
  • An. electron multiplier comprising an envelope containing a tubular cathode capable of emitting secondary electrons at a ratio greater than unity upon electron impact therewith and having open ends, an apertured electrode adjacent and extending across each open end, a secondary emlsslve cathode back of and parallel to each apertured electrode, said tubular cathode, secondary emissive cathodes and apertured electrodes being energized in the order recited to increasingly higher potentials, and means for liberating primary electrons along the axis of said tubular cathode.
  • An electron multiplier comprising an envelope containing a source of electrons, means for modulating electrons from said source in accordance with desired signals, an electrode having a surface capable of emitting secondary electrons at a ratio greater than unity upon electron impact therewith, means for directing modulated electrons from said source against said electrodeto produce secondary electrons, means emitted from each of said intermediate electrodes, and a single work circuit connected to utilize all of the collected electrons.
  • An electron multiplier comprising an envelope containing a hollow open ended cathode having the interior surface thereof capable of emitting secondary electrons at a ratio greater than unity upon electron impact therewith,
  • An electron multiplier comprising an envelope containing a hollow open ended cathode having the interior surface thereof capable of emitting secondary electrons at a ratio greater than unity upon electron impact therewith, means for liberating primary electrons along the axis of said cathode, and means for accelerating secondary electrons produced by primary electron impact with the interior surface of said cathode simultaneously out of both ends of said cathode, in substantially equal amounts.

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  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
US139949A 1937-04-30 1937-04-30 Divided stream electron multiplier Expired - Lifetime US2208938A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US139949A US2208938A (en) 1937-04-30 1937-04-30 Divided stream electron multiplier
GB11835/38A GB501316A (en) 1937-04-30 1938-04-20 Improvements in electron multipliers
CH203533D CH203533A (de) 1937-04-30 1938-04-25 Elektronenvervielfacher.
NL87535A NL49448C (en)van) 1937-04-30 1938-04-26
BE427770D BE427770A (en)van) 1937-04-30 1938-04-27
FR837400D FR837400A (fr) 1937-04-30 1938-04-30 Multiplicateur d'électrons
DEF84901D DE740822C (de) 1937-04-30 1938-05-01 Sekundaerelektronenvervielfacher mit zwei oder mehr Vervielfachungsstufen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US139949A US2208938A (en) 1937-04-30 1937-04-30 Divided stream electron multiplier

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2208938A true US2208938A (en) 1940-07-23

Family

ID=22489039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US139949A Expired - Lifetime US2208938A (en) 1937-04-30 1937-04-30 Divided stream electron multiplier

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2208938A (en)van)
BE (1) BE427770A (en)van)
CH (1) CH203533A (en)van)
DE (1) DE740822C (en)van)
FR (1) FR837400A (en)van)
GB (1) GB501316A (en)van)
NL (1) NL49448C (en)van)

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB454133A (en) * 1935-03-07 1936-09-24 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to amplifying devices for electron currents

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL49448C (en)van) 1940-10-15
DE740822C (de) 1943-10-29
GB501316A (en) 1939-02-24
BE427770A (en)van) 1938-05-31
CH203533A (de) 1939-03-15
FR837400A (fr) 1939-02-08

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