US2206644A - Radio beacon and radio guide - Google Patents

Radio beacon and radio guide Download PDF

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Publication number
US2206644A
US2206644A US205247A US20524738A US2206644A US 2206644 A US2206644 A US 2206644A US 205247 A US205247 A US 205247A US 20524738 A US20524738 A US 20524738A US 2206644 A US2206644 A US 2206644A
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United States
Prior art keywords
aerial
radio
phase
guide
beacon
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Expired - Lifetime
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US205247A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rocard Yves
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
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CSF Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie sans Fil SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves

Definitions

  • the present invention aims at providing a vehicle (aircraft, ship, etc.) receiving a radio guide signal, with indications of the position relative to the axis marked by the radio guide and which are more precise than those furnished by the systems known as such.
  • beacon of the first type furnishes a signaling without ambiguity but an incomplete signaling whereby the pilot knows whether he is on the one side or other side of the course but does not know whether or not he has passed the transmitter
  • beacons of the second type furnish a more complete signaling but with a certain ambiguity and when the pilot hears dots, for instance, he has no way of discerning in which of the sectors having the dots he finds himself.
  • the invention relates to means for remedying w these drawbacks. It resides in providing a radio beacon transmitter which can pass from one type of signaling (two directions) to the otherone (four directions) whereby two of the four di- 39 rections of the second operating mode coincide with one of the two directions of the first mode and using this beacon during a large partof the time (for instance, for 16 seconds within a time period of seconds) for one of the operating 4 modes, preferably the signaling of the two directions and the rest of the time (in'the present case 4 seconds) for the other operating mode (signaling of four directions) by effecting simultaneously any sort of changing in the beacon transmitter (for instance the change of the low modulation frequency note) in passing from the. first to the second operating mode so that the pilot knows through this change which signal is being sent to him.
  • any sort of changing in the beacon transmitter for instance the change of the low modulation frequency note
  • Figure 1 represents schematically in a plan view the marking of the type of two opposite directions from the beacon transmitter R;
  • Figure 2 shows likewise the marking of the type of four directions
  • Figure 3 represents the signals obtained from the beacon transmitter according to the invention.
  • Figures 4a to 40 represent the radiation diagrams of the aerials used in one mode of embodiment of the idea of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically the arrangement of the antennas and the switches to be used.
  • a radio guide system functions in accordance with the scheme of Fig. 1, the pilot when in the region A hears dots and in the region B hears dashes while the two main regions C represent the axis in which he hears a continuous note.
  • the region of dots is A1 (two sectors), that of dashes is El (two sectors), and that of the continuous note is Ci formed by four sectors of which two, for instance shall be very narrow and the other two very wide.
  • Fig. 3 represents the signals heard by the pilot listening to a beacon transmitter according to the invention which operates according to the type of Fig. 1 with the modulation note n1 (say 400 cycles) for 16 seconds, for instance, and, according to the type of Fig. 2, with the modulation note n2 (say 2000 cycles) during 4 seconds.
  • the figure shows in solid and black characters the signals during 16 seconds with the frequency 121 and in blank characters bordered by lines the signals during 4 seconds with the frequency m.
  • an aerial II If) is provided furnishing a figure of 8 dia- 55 I in a plane perpendicular to OC and fed by opposite currents. The phase of these currents will be reversed by switch MI in the rhythm of the dots and dashes thus providing the signals of the transmitter, as will subsequently appear.
  • a second aerial H, H is" furthermore provided and constantly fed and capable of furnishing by means of simple modification either a modified figure 8 diagram having an identical instantaneous phase of radiation in all directions as shown in Fig. 4b or a figure of 8 diagram as shown in Fig. 40, having a pair of fields of opposite instantaneous polarity and a direction of zero radiation at to OC.
  • this second aerial is forined of two doublets H, I I lined up in a vertical plane parallel to OC and spaced apart slightly less than one-half Wave. It will, moreover, be sufiicient to feed these two doublets in parallel for obtaining the modified figure 8 diagram of Fig. 4b or in opposition for the figure of 8 diagram of Fig. 4c.
  • the re sultant field is the vector sum of the field of Fig. 4a and either the field represented by Fig. 4b or 4c, depending upon the position of the reversing switch J.
  • loops are materially circular.
  • the interrupter switch Ml being maneuvered alternatively in a manner to be in one of its positions for the duration of one dot and in the inverse position for the duration of one dash, the fields supplied by system H], I 0 will have the shape shown in Fig. lain each of these positions, but the polarity will be alternately reversed.
  • One of theloops of the diagram has been indicated with dotted line to show that its polarity is opposite to that of. the loop in full line.
  • Fig, 1 The conditions of Fig, 1 are realized by the combination of the diagrams of the system of Figd la and of the system of Fig. 4b.
  • the dia grams are combined in effect into a species of cardioid L, Fig. 1, the phasesbeing added for the loop in full line and being subtracted forthe loop inv dotted line.
  • the diagrams of Figs. 4a and 4b are combined into an inversedcardioid Ll.
  • the intersection of the cardioids L and LI, alternated to the cadence of the dotsand dashes, supplies two routes 0 characterized by a continuous dash.
  • Figure 2 the conditions of Figure 2 are realized by the combination of the diagrams of Fig. 4a. and of system ic.
  • the diagrams illustrated are combined into a diagram with two loops F and Fl, Fig. 2, the phases being added. in the loops in full line of the two diagrams, and being added likewise in the loops in dotted line. .
  • the diagrams are combined into two loops G and GI, and the intersection of the diagrams F, FI and G, GI, alternated to the cadence of the dots and dashes, supplies four routes characterized by continuous dashes.
  • Fig. shows a gain, by way of example, to which the invention is not limited, an assembly of the possible arrangement of the aerials and their feeders.
  • a switch MI provides the reversing of the phase in the rhythm of the dashes and dots in the antennas l0, iii, a reversing means :i and a contact means 0 provide, respectively, the transition from modified figure 8 to figure of 8 transmission and the adjustment of the phase (depending on whether or not a portion of the feeder equal to is short circuited) of the antennas II, II in the very slow rhythm of passing from the two-course to the four-course transmission at the rate of 16 seconds to 4 seconds, for instance.
  • the two distinct modulating frequencies nl and n2, referred to above, are provided by alternators P and Q which are alternately connected to a carrier frequency generator S through a switch K which is operatively connected to the reversing switch J and the short circuiting switch C.
  • the switches may be driven by a motor K at the desired rate.
  • the switch MI is driven at the keying rate by a keying motor N.
  • Radio-guide transmitting system comprising a first aerial having a vertical symmetry axis, means for transmitting by said first aerial a figure 8 radiation field, means for reversing the phase of said field at dot and dash rhythm, a second aerial having a common vertical symmetry axis with said first aerial, and means including switching means connected to said second aerial for transmitting by said second aerial alternatively a radiation field having identical instantaneous phase in all directions, and a figure 8 radiation field analogous to that of said first aerial but perpendicular thereto.
  • Radio-guide transmitting system comprising a first aerial having a vertical symmetry axis
  • Radio-guide transmitting system comprising a first aerial having a vertical symmetry axis, means for transmitting by said first aerial a figure of 8 type radiation field, means for reversing the phase of said field at dot and dash rhythm, a second aerial having a common vertical symmetry axis with said first aerial, and means including switching means connected to said second aerial for transmitting by said second aerial alternatively a radiation field havin identical instantaneous phase in all directions, and a figure of 8 radiation field analogous to that of said first aerial but perpendicular thereto, means for feeding said aerials by a modulated high frequency current, and means for changing the modulation frequency synchronously with the switching of said fields produced by the second aerial.
  • Radio-guide transmitting system comprising a first aerial constituted of two vertical doublets disposed at a predetermined distance about a symmetry point, means for feeding said doublets in phase opposition, means for reversing the feeding phase of said doublets at dot and dash rhythm, a second aerial having a vertical symmetry axis in the said symmetry point, and means including switching means connected to said second aerial for transmitting by said second aerial alternatively a modified figure 8 radiation field having identical instantaneous phase in all directions, and a figure of 8 radiation field analogous to that of said first aerial but perpendicular thereto.
  • Radio-guide transmitting system comprising a first aerial having a vertical symmetry axis, means for transmitting by said first aerial a figure of 8 type radiation diagram, means for reversing the phase of said field at dot and dash rhythm, a second aerial constituted of two vertical doublets separated by a distance slightly less than a half wavelength of radiated energy and disposed symmetrically about said symmetry axis of the first aerial, and switching means for changing feeding connections of said doublets so as to feed them alternatively in parallel and in phase opposition, the durations of each feeding manner being unequal.
  • Radio-guide transmitting system comprising a first aerial having a vertical symmetry axis, means for transmitting by said first aerial a figure of 8 radiation field, means for reversing the phase of said diagram at dot and dash rhythm, a second aerial having a common vertical symmetry axis with said first aerial, and means including switching means connected to said second aerial for transmitting by said second aerial alternatively a modified figure 8 radiation field having identical instantaneous phase in all directions, and a figure of 8 radiation field analogous to that of said first aerial but perpendicular thereto, means for feeding said aerials by a, high frequency current, and means for changing by 90 the phase between the currents in both'aerials synchronously with said switching in the second aerial.
  • Radio-guide transmitting system comprising a first aerial having a vertical symmetry axis, means for transmitting by said first aerial a figure of 8 radiation field, means for reversing the phase of said field at dot and dash rhythm, a second aerial having a common vertical symmetry axis with said first aerial, and means including switching means connected to said second aerial for transmitting by said second aerial alternatively a modified figure 8 radiation field khaving identical instantaneous phase in all dihigh frequency current, a loop inserted in the feeding connection of said second aerial, the length of said loop being equal to a quarter wave length of the'feeding current, and a switch for alternatively short-circuiting and opening said loop synchronously with said switching in the second aerial.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
US205247A 1937-05-21 1938-04-30 Radio beacon and radio guide Expired - Lifetime US2206644A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR704875X 1937-05-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2206644A true US2206644A (en) 1940-07-02

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ID=9066848

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US205247A Expired - Lifetime US2206644A (en) 1937-05-21 1938-04-30 Radio beacon and radio guide

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2206644A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE427354A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH207741A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE704875C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR832861A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2500552A (en) * 1942-08-13 1950-03-14 Rca Corp Electronic indicator system for radar with spinning antenna or the like
US2509230A (en) * 1946-02-28 1950-05-30 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Beacon system
US2525815A (en) * 1947-03-20 1950-10-17 Raymond G Lloyd System of radio aids for aerial navigation
US2632108A (en) * 1949-07-28 1953-03-17 Rca Corp Diplexer arrangement

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE963073C (de) * 1952-05-14 1957-05-02 Sperry Rand Corp Blindlandeeinrichtung in Flugzeugen zur selbsttaetigen Steuerung laengs einer durch Bodenfunkeinrichtungen nach dem Leitstrahlprinzip festgelegten Anflugbahn

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2500552A (en) * 1942-08-13 1950-03-14 Rca Corp Electronic indicator system for radar with spinning antenna or the like
US2509230A (en) * 1946-02-28 1950-05-30 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Beacon system
US2525815A (en) * 1947-03-20 1950-10-17 Raymond G Lloyd System of radio aids for aerial navigation
US2632108A (en) * 1949-07-28 1953-03-17 Rca Corp Diplexer arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE427354A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE704875C (de) 1941-04-09
CH207741A (fr) 1939-11-30
FR832861A (fr) 1938-10-04

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