US2206241A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

y 2,1940. c. E. swALLow 2,206,241

OIL BURNER Filed lla rch 4, 1939 2 Sheets- Sheet 1 a a i3 1 T A T lnveniof: Charles 4E.Swc| I low bym kfMAn v ys.

Patented July 2, 1940 UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE on. some Charles E. Swallow, Worcester, Mass. Application March 4, 1939, Serial No. 259,812

Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners and especially to oilburners adapted to burn heavy industrial oil.

Heavy industrial -oil frequently contains 5 particles of carbon and other semi-solids which are liable to clog a valve or a burner when set to burn such oil in small quantities, and this inakes it difiicult to use heavy industrial oil in a burner where theconditions are such that only small quantities of oil are required.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a novel oil burner which is well adapted to burn efiiciently heavy industrial oil in relatively small quantities, and which is so C011? structed as to provide-a free flow of such heavy industrial oil even when the oil is being consumed in the burner in relatively small;

quantities. a p A further object of the invention is to provide no a burner of this type which has a gravity feed of oil to the burner and which can be successfullyoperated with a relatively low air pressure for atomizing the oil at the burner. Further objects of the invention are to. proat vide a novel burner which is constructed so that. the fuel mixture, that-is, the mixture of oil' and air, can be varied independently of the volume of the mixture, so that when the correct mixture has once beenestablished, the volume of 80 the flame can be increased or decreased without changing the proportions of the mixture.

Further objects" of the invention are to improve oil burners in various particulars which will be hereinafter set .forth. an -'Zlnthe drawings: h

Fig. 1 is adiagrammatic view showing a layout for a group ofoilburners to be supplied from a.central supply tank; g

Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing one of the m burners and its supply reservoir; k

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33, Fig. 2 with the float valve and oil circulating pipe shownin plan:

Fig. 4 law end view of "thevalve for controllas ing the supply of oil to'the' reservoir chainbenl FlgQIi-is a section on the line B-E'Fig. 6; Fig. 6 is a section through the valve on'the line M, Fig. 5. l

Referring first to Fig. 2 wherein I have shown so one oil burner and its supply reservoir, I indicates generally the burner nozzle and 2 in- .dicates the supply reservoir which supplies oil .'totheburnerl. a V a The reservoir 2 is formed with an open-topped ll reservoir chamber! containing oil 4 which is to be supplied to the burner, said chamber 3 being connected to the burner I through the supply pipe 5.

The reservoir 2'is a jacketed reservoir, it being provided with a jacket chamber 6 which sur- I rounds the oil-containing chamber 4 and through which heated oil is continually circulated, said jacket chamber having a. supply pipe 1 leading thereinto at one end of the reservoir and a discharge pipe 8 leading therefrom at the other 10 end of the reservoir. Suitable means, such, for instance, as a pump,"presently to be described. are provided to circulate the heated oil through the pipe 'I, jacket'chamber 6 and pipe 8. As a result, the oil 4 (which may be heavy industrial 1 oil) in the reservoir chamber 3 is kept warm, and thus in a free-flowing condition. The

' heated ,oil is supplied to the chamber 3 directly from the jacket chamber 6 through a port formed in the partition wall separating the oilcontaining chamber 3 fromthe jacket chamber 5, and means are provided for maintaining a constant oil level in the chamber 3, such means 'operating to admit additional oil to the cham- 'with the jacket chamber 8 and a discharge passage l I] leading to a-discharge pipe12-through which oil is delivered to the chamber 3. The

1 flow of. oil through the port Ill and the discha e e H is'ccntrolled by a sliding valv l3 $0 which operates in a valve chamber it formed in the casing 9, said valve having a face i5 adapted to seatagainst a valve seat It thereby to close the'communication through the ports Ill and H.

This valve is provided with a valve stem I! which lsfconnected to one arm l8 of an actuating lever l3 that is pivoted to the valve casing by means of, a pin 20, said lever carrying at its outer end a float 2|. The upper end of the arm I801 the lever I9 is shown as-forkedand this fork embraces a collar 22 which is formed with an annular groove to receive the, ends 23 of the forked arm l3, said ends 23 being confined between the/flanges 24 of said collar 22.

The rising and falling movement of the float 2| will thus shift the valve, l3 longitudinally.

In order to provide an oil flow in the form bf a solid stream. when the valve is only slightly open, said valve member i3 is formed with an extension 25 which fits the duct l3 and which is provided with a V-shaped groove 23 having a progressively decreasing depth from the free Y end of the extension 25 to the opposite end thereof where it meets the face II of the valve.

In Fig. 2, the oil level is shown at its maximum height in the chamber 3 and' the valve is closed. When the oil level in the chamber 3 falls and the float 2|v moves downwardly, such downward movement will shift the valve |3 to the right, thereby separating theiace I! from the seat |3 and at the same time bringing the small end of the groove 23 into communication with the discharge port II. There will then be a small flow of oil in the form of a stream passing through the small end of the groove 23, and

because the oil is flowing in the form of a solid stream, there is very little likelihood that the passage through the valve will become clogged by any small particles of carbon or other semisolid matter which is so frequently found in heavy industrial oil.

When the oil level in the reservoir 3 has again risen to the point shown in Fig. 2. the valve will be closed, thereby shutting all further flow of oil.

The oil burner comprises a housing member 21 having an oil duct 23 communicating with the supply pipe 5, said duct leading to an oil discharge tube or nozzle 23 through which the oil is delivered. This housing 21 also containsan air chamber 33 to which air under the desired pressure is supplied through an air pipe iii.

The burner also is formed with an air 'dis charge passage 32 communicating at one end by suction from the reservoir 3 but it also at omizes the oil and thus delivers it in the form of a fine spray.

The passage 32 is controlled .by a suitable-valve 4| which regulates theamount of air that can pass through the passage. This valve is, shown as. having a valve stem 42 which is screw-threaded through the valve casing 21 and is provided with a handle. 43 by which it may be manipulated. Theadjustment of the valve 4| determines the character of the fuel mixture.

The burner |,is provided with'an annular air discharge orifice 35 surrounding the passage 32, and which communicates with the air chamber 33 so that an annular. sheet-of air will be delivered into the atomized spray of oil for the purpose of properly supporting combustion. This annular air discharge orifice or passage 35 isformed between a cap 33 which is screw-th eaded to the housing 21 and a collar 31 which is mounted on the nozzle extension 33 of the housing 21. The collar 31 has a conical exterior and the cap 33 is formed with an opening in its end through which the collar extends. the wall of the opening forming with the collar the air discharge orifice 33. The oil deliverytube or atomizing tube" is shown as extending through the .collar 31 and is thus carried thereby, the inner end of said tube fitting into a plug 33 that is located in the outer end of the oil passage 23, said plug havin a duct 43 therethrough to-provide a communication between the duct 23 and the tube 23.

The supply pipe 3| is also provided with a suitable valve 44 to control the supply of air to the air chamber 33. I

- The .burner will be somounted or supportedthat the end 34 of the atomizing tube 23 is situated above the normal oil level in the reservoir 3, such level being indicated by the dotted line 45. Since the chamber 3 is an open chamber, the oil 4 therein is subjected to atmospheric pressure only and because the delivery and 34 of the atomizing tube 23 is above the normal oil level, it will be impossible for the burner to over fiow when it is not in operation.

The. control of the burner is accomplished en-.- tirely by controlling theflow of air to the burner and without the necessity of controlling in any, way the flow of oil except to see that there is a constant circulation of oil through the Jacket chamber 3. Thevalve 4| serves tov control the mixture of air. and oil and by means of it, the correct mixture is obtained. The valve 44 serves to control the volume of the mixture which is delivered from the burner and-hence the volume or size of the flame. After the correct mixture has once been established by manipulation of the valve 4|, then thereafter the operation of the burner-may be controlled entirely by manipulating the valve 44. As long as air is being supplied to' the air chamber 33, there will be a flow of air through the passage 32,and across the end 3 4 oi the atomizing tube 23, thereby producing a suction at the end of the tube which will cause delivery of the oil therefrom, such oil being atomized by the flow of air.

There will aIsor -be a flow of air through the tinued flow of oil and no 'pos'sibilityof an over-' flow when the burner is not in operation.

. The collar 31 is shown as secured to theextension 33 by means of a set screw- 43 and this construction provides means for adjusting the collar, if adjustment is necessary.

I have above described a single burner and its supply reservoir. In Fig. 1 I have illustrated a schematic layout for agroup of burners supplied with oil from the same source. In the diagram: matic view of .Fig. 1, a'plurality of burners I are shown, each having its supply reservoir 2. each burner being connected to its reservoir by the pipe connection 3. The jacket chambers of the various supply reservoirs 2 are connected in series by pipes 1. 43 indicates a supply tank containing oil which is to be supplied to the various reservoirs 2, and 43 indicates a pump designed to take oil from said reservoir 43 and force it through the, piping system 1 and through the reservoirv jacket chambers '3. The inlet of the I pump 43 has connected thereto a pipe 33 which passage 33 sufliclent to properly support combusturn pipe ll. tached to the valve casing and having an aperleads nearly to the bottom of the tank ll as shown at 53, and the discharge port of the pump 49 is connected by a pipe ii to a heating reservoir 52 and said reservoir is connected to the pipe system 1. Means are provided for heating the oil in the tank 48 and also in reservoir 52. This means may be any suitable heating means, and merely as illustrating one practical heating means, I have shown steam coils 51 and l, one

placed in the supply tank 48 and the other in.

the reservoir 52. These steam coils are connected by a pipe 54 and may be supplied with steamrrom any suitable source by means of a pipe 58, 59 being anexhaust pipe.

The piping system through which oil is supplied to the jacket chamber 6 is provided with a return pipe 8 leading back to the supply tank 48, thus making a closed circulating system. The pump 49, therefore will operate to circulate the oil through the heater 52 and through the jacket chambers 6 of the various reservoirs, and then back to the supply tank 48, and this oil circulation may continue regardless or whether any burner is in operation or not.

With the float valve construction shown, each reservoir chamber 3 will receive oil from its jacket chamber 6, as called for by its burner, for as the oil is withdrawn from any reservoir chamber 3 bythe operation of the burner, the corresponding float valve will operate to admit fresh oil to the chamber 3 from the jacket. There is,

therefore, no necessity for the manipulation of any valves to control the supply of oil to any burner, this being taken care of automatically by the float valve construction and by the manua1 manipulation of the air controlling valve 44.

. 5! indicates a back pressure valve in the reil indicates a stop member atture through which the valve stem extends, said stop member serving to limit the opening movement of the valve.

The valveis shown as having a guide pin 82 extending therefrom which operates in a groove 83 formed in the valve casing, the purpose or this construction being to prevent the valve from turning on its axis and to maintain the groove or duct It always in position to register with bodiment of the inventiom I-do not wish to be.

the discharge passage II when .the valve is opened.

While I have illustrated'hereln a selected emlimited to the construction shown.

sis

I claim: 7

1'. A device or the class described comprising a plurality or jacketed supply reservoirs, each having an oil chamber and a jacket chamber surrounding the oil chamber, means connecting the jacket chambers of the reservoirs in series, means for circulating heated oil through the several jacket chambers successively, each reservoir having in its wall a port pro a com- .munication between its jacket chamber and its oil chamber through which oil is supplied to the a oil chamber directly from the jacket chamber, means controlling each port so as to maintain a constant oil level in each oil chamber, and a burner element connectedto and supplied with oil from each oil chamber.

2. An oil burner comprising a supply reservoir presenting an oil-containing chamber surrounded by a jacket chamber, means to maintain continuously a circulation of heated oil through the jacket chamber, there being a port in the supply chamber wall which separates the oil-containing chamber from thejack'et chamber, said port pro-,

viding a communication between said chambers through which oil is delivered directiyfrom the jacket chamber to the oil-containing chamber,

means controlling said port so as to maintain a constant oil level in the oil-containing chamber,

- a burner element, and means to deliver oil from i the oil-containing chamber to said burner element;

3. An oil burner comprising a supply reservoir presenting an oil-containing chamber surrounded by a jacket chamber, means to maintain continuou'sly a circulation of heated oil through the jacket chamber, there being an opening through the wall separating the jacket chamber and the oil-containing chamber through which all may flow directly from the jacket chamber to the oil-containing chamber, a float valve in the oil-containing chamber controlling said opening, whereby a constant oil-level is maintained within the oil-containing chamber, a burner element, and means to deliver oilfrom the oil-containing chamber to the burner element.

4. An oil burner comprising a supply reservoir having double walls enclosing an oil-containing chamber, said walls forming between them a to said burner.

5. An oil urner system'comprising a plurality of burners, a plurality oi supply reservoirs, one for each burner, each supply reservoir having an open oil-containing chamber and a closed jacket supply reservoirs in series, means for maintainchamber surrounding the oil chamber, means connecting the jacket chambers of the various

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