US2195609A - Hair combing, clipping, and shaving head - Google Patents

Description

April 2, 1940. M. ANDIS 2,195,609

HAIR comma, CLIPPING, AND SHAVING HEAD Filed March 5, 1936 2 5 i j .5; Z 5 35 /z /6 29 20 um .33 a /9 INVENTQR BY M1 M4,

ATTORN EY6 Patented Apr. 2, 1940 UNITED STATES HAIR COMBING, CLIPPING, AND SKAVING HEAD Mathew Andil, Racine, Wis.

D ution March 5, 1986, Serial No. 57,105

17 Claims. (01. 36-48) My invention relates to improvements in hair combing. clipping, and shaving heads.

In a companion application bearing even date herewith Serial No. 67,196, filed March 5, 1936,

Y for improvements in'Hair clipping and shaving heads and which issued as Patent Number 2,141,- 895 on December 27, 1938, I have illustrated a clipping and shaving head devoid of ordinary comb teeth, and in which the function of lifting and straightening the hair is in part performed by a scraping bar which is reciprocated over the skin to push recumbent hair to or toward a perpendicularposition, provision being made for ,entry of the hair between the shearing teeth-at points not occupied by the vibratory cutter, and

the entire operating face of the head being cylindrical in form.

A primary object of the invention herein disclosed is to provide a shearing head of the general type disclosed in said companion application with true comb teeth which may be utilized in association with shearing bars of the arcuate type disclosed in said companion application.

Further objects are to provide a shearing head having a cylindrical bearing surface with arcuate teeth which are adapted to operate as comb teeth, with the nds of the teeth passing underneath and lifting the hair while the cylindrical bearing surface is in reciprocatory motion.

A further object is to provide convergent shearing teeth which may also perform the functions of comb teeth in a head having a cylindrically curved bearing surface.

A further object is to provide a cylindrically curved shearing head having a correspondingly curved vibratory cutter bar therein and means for contracting the shearing head upon the cutter bar to ensure shearing contact and take up wear.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of clipping and shaving mechanism in which one embodiment of my invention has been incorporated. K

Figure 2 is a plan view of the head with a portion of the shearing member broken away.

Figure 3 is a section view drawn to lined-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a view similar toFigure 3 but showing a modification.

Like parts are identified by the same reference characters throughout the-several views.

In Letters Patent for Hair clippers and shav I ing clippers No. 2,037,957, granted to me April 21, 1936, pursuant to a companion application Serial No. 581,634, I have illustrated a tubular vibratory clipper mounted within. a shear plate having forwardly projecting comb teeth, said shear plate being adapted for substantially flat bearing contact with the scalp.

In the improved shearing head disclosed in 5 Figures 1, 2, and 3, the rear portions it of the shearing member are provided with rearwardly projecting shanks It to facilitate attaching the clipper head to the upper and lower halves i4 and ii of a suitable casing or .handle,'-which 10 may be assumed to contain power driving means such as an electrical motor or driving connections associated with an external source of power supply.

The forward or working portions of theshearl5 ing head are cylindrically curved and include convergentshearing bars I! and I8, separated by a transversely extending bar 20 similar to the comb bar described in the companion application bearlng even date herewith. Adjacent the 2 bar It theouter and inner surfaces of the shearing bars I! and it are concentric. but in the laterally extending portions of these bars the outer surfaces diverge from the inner surface to form comb teeth having points 2|. At the rear 25 of the points 2| the outer surfaces of these teeth are preferably concavely rounded as indicated at 23. These concave parts are supported from the rear portions l2.

' The shear bar is provided with a cylindrical 30 here to receive a vibratory cutter member. In Figure 3 this cutter member has a cylindrically rounded rear portion 21 and a cylindrically rounded forward portion of reduced arcuate dimensions, provided with arcuate channels 28 and 35 intervening cutter ribs 29 adapted for-cooperation with the shearing teeth I8 and is when the cutter bar is axially vibrated.

The front and rear portions of the cutter bar are connected with each otherby an interme- 40 diate web 32, which may have open ended slots l3 and I4 extending inwardly from opposite ends and adapted to allow the front and rear portions of the cutter bar to be pressed toward each other, the material being sufliciently resilient for 45 this purpose. The cutter bar may, therefore, be made slightly larger than the shear bar bore which receives it, and the cutter bar may be inserted while under compression.

In operation, the cutter head may be recipgo rocated upon the scalp with a rocking motion across a central plane, which includes the shanks l3 and the bar 20. In this reciprocating and rocking motion the points 2| of the comb teeth will engage underneath hair and lift it into the 55 bar, and thence between the shearing portions of the cutter bar teeth and the shearing bars i8 and [9. During these reciprocatory movements of the cutter head the bar 20 will engage and swing toward a position perpendicular to the scalp, hair which has been cut in the previous reciprocatory movements, and thus bring the ends into contact with the shearing teeth if such hair is longer than the thickness of the bar '20 and oi the associated shearing teeth; This cutter head may be pressed against the skin or close shave is not required. If desired, the

edges of the bar 20 may be made sharp enough to serve as shaving edges. I g I In Figure 4 I have illustrated a modificationin which the body portion of the shearing member is' form'ed in two parts "12a and-I211, each having projecting shanks l3a'and l3a', connected by 38 to hold the upper'and lower halves of; the body together. Each of the bodyportions 12a and 12a has upper and lowershearingbarsfl8a and l9awhich converge to a longitudinally extending slot; or channel" lflywhich occupies the space corresponding with that-occupied by the 'bar20inFl'gure3. The head shown in Figure 4 also has a longitudinally extending'bore, within which; a cutter bar in the form of a split cylinder is mounted. The rear portion 40 of'thi's cutter bar may be continuous and the forward portion'arcuately slotted to provide cutter teethI 4i and 42, positioned for shearing cooperation withthe shearing teeth 18a and I90, and with their convergent'ends' separated from each "other alongthe line oi'the slot or channel -39. The 'ndsof the teeth ll and 42 arepreferably separated from each'othe'r at a slightly greater distancethan the ends of the teeth' lfla andIQG 7" With the constructiondis'closd in Figure 4 the cutter head maybe manipulated in the manner above described with reference to Figures 1,

2, and 3, but the movement of the comb teeth underneath the hair will take place along the line of the slot or channel 39, and the 'hair will pass between the ends of the cutter teeth 4| and 42 along thisline. g I

But'with the form of construction shown in Figure 4 it is not necessaryto compress the'vibratory'cutter bar preparatory to insertion in the shear barbore', for the reason that the upper and lower halves-of the shear bar are independently formed, andtherefore their pressure u'po'n the cutter bar may bedetermined by the clamping screws TI."- To' take up for wear, thi'nnerffiller blocks 38 are substituted; or ifde'sired, the filler block" may be covered with compressible material 45,'the resilient reaction of which will tend to predetermine thepressure of the shear bar upon the cutter bar to a suflicient extent to prevent the development of excessive iriction';

I- claim: P 7

1.- In a mechanism of the-described ,clasathe combination with'a generally cylindrical vibratory cutter bar having channel-like openings for entry of hair flanked by arcuate cutter teeth positioned to receive between'them hair which has entered such openings, of a shear bar substantially enclosing the cutter bar and provided with 2,195,609 I I channel-like spaces 35 of the vibratory cutter arcuate teeth for shearing registry with the teeth of the cutter bar, said shear bar teeth having laterally projecting end portions concave-convex in form and adapted to pass underneath and lift hair preparatory to the cutting operation.

2. In a mechanism of the described class, the combination of a vibratory cutter bar of a generally cylindrical form, having one portion are;- ately channelled to provide cutter teeth and an- I other portion longitudinally recessed "along the ends of suchteeth, an'd'an enclosing-"shear bar having arcuate teeth covering one extremity of each cutter bar tooth and extending over said recess sufliciently to allow hair to enter the re (cess when'the shear bar is being moved with a combing action, said shear bar having longitudi- 1 n'ally extending continuous walls supporting the I respective ends oi the shearing teeth. 3. In a'mechanism of the described class, the combination of a vibratory cutter bar of a generally cylindrical form, having one portion arcuately channelled tofprovide cutterteeth and another portion longitudinally recessed along the I I I ends'of such: teeth, andjan enclosingjshearibar bolts or screws 31, with an intervening 'filler'block I having a set of arcuate teeth covering" the porhaving longitudinally extending continuous walls supporting the respective ends "of the shearing teeth, one of said'walls registering withp'ortions of the cutter bar; teeth and serving] as. a coinbing web,' cooperative witli'the shear-barteethito *predetermine the. minimum distance 1 from the scalp at which shearing opera'tions take jplace; 4, In a'me'chanism oi'the described class,'the combination of a shear bar having 'a longitudinal ly extending cylindrical bore and a thin walled working portion covering said bore at one side, said. working w iv ic m sinz avlon u e ly extending web flanked by artcuatelyislotted po r-' tions providing arcuately 'curt'ecl shearing teeth, a cutterbar in said b ore having an arcuate working portion inregistry with said weband p rtions 'of the teethat each side thereofi'said cutter bar workingportion being arcuately channelled to provide cutter teeth, the end portions .of which are adapted to movewitha shearing action across those portions of the shear has teeth nearest the web, said cutter bar being otherwisespaced' from "the wall of the shear bar bore to) allow hair to freely pass between the ends or shear bar teeth in registry with such spaces when the sheanbar is moved'with acombin'g actionalong the scalp. 5.-Ina mechanisin of the desc iibedp assy the combination of a shear bar 'having'a longitudinalllyextendinjg cylindrical bore and a thin "walled working portion covering said bore at 'one side, said working portion comprising a I longitudinally extending web fianked by arcuately slotted por- 'tions providing arcuately curved shearing teeth, a cutterbarin said borehavingarcuate work ingportion in 'registry with said web and portions oi the teeth at each side thereo i'; said cutte'r bar workingportion' being arcuateiy channelled to provide cutter teeth, the end portions of which are adapted to move with a shearing action across those p'ortions ofthe shear'bar'teethnearest the with means for vibrating it longitudinally, of a longitudinally extending combing web carried by the shear bar, shear teeth extending arcuately from the respective sides of said web and having connected ends supported thereby, said shear bar including supporting means for the ends of the teeth most distant from said web, and arcuate cutter teeth bearing upon the inner surface of said web and the adjacent ends of its associated shear teeth, said cutter bar having other portions spaced from the shear bar and adapted to allow hair to freely enter such spaces between the portions of the shear bar teeth most distant from said web.

'7. In a mechanism of the described class, the combination of a shear bar provided with a longitudinally extending bore, a vibratory cutter bar mounted in said bore and provided with an arcuate working portion fitted to the wall of said bore along one side, and including a. longitudinallyextending row 01 arcuate cutter teeth, said shear bar being arcuately slotted to provide shear teeth supported at both ends and in partial registry with said cutter teeth, said cutter bar having a longitudinally extended channel in registry with the other end portions of the shear bar teeth, whereby, when the shear bar is moved along the scalp with a combing action, hair may enter said channel preparatory to its entry betweenvthe teeth of. the cutter bar.

8. In a mechanism of the described class, the combination of a shear bar provided with a longitudinally extending bore, a vibratory cutter bar mounted in said bore and provided with an arcuate working portion fitted to the wall of said bore along one side, and including a longitudinally extending row of arcuate cutter teeth, said shear bar being arcuately channelled to provide shear teeth supported at both ends and in partial registry with said cutter teeth, said cutter bar having a longitudinally extended channel .in registry with the other end portions of the shear bar teeth, whereby, when the shear bar is moved along the scalp with a combing action, hair may enter said channel preparatory to its entry. between the teeth of the cutter bar, and said shear teeth having outer surfaces intermediately extended to provide combing projections between the portions in registry with the cutter bar teeth and the portions in registry with said channel.

9. The combination with ashear bar having a longitudinal bore and a thin working portion on one side, cylindrically curved for hearing contact with the scalp and transversely slotted to provide arcuate shearing teeth on each side of the iongitudinal center line of said bearing portion, and a cutter bar having arcuate cutter teeth for registry with the center of the bearing portion of ;the shearing bar and adjacent portions of the shear bar teeth, the cutter bar being spaced from the'shear bar beyond the ends of the cutter bar teeth to allow hair to enter said space from between the shear bar teeth preparatory to being carried with a combing action between the shearing portions orithe teeth on the respective bars.

10. In a hair'clipping and shaving head, a vibratory cutter bar having a working portion extending longitudinally along one side, and a supporting portion at the other side, connected with the working portion across the central axis of the bar, said working portion having arcuate channels and intervening arcuate teeth, between which hair may enter from the side of the connecting central portion, in combination with a shear bar having concentric arcuate teeth extending beyond the ends of the teeth of the cutter bar, said ends beingprovided with combing portions adapted to direct hair into the spaces at the sides of the central portion of the cutter bar to be engaged by the cutter teeth when moving longitudinally through such hair with a combing action.

11. In a mechanism of the described class, the combination of concentric cylindrically curved shearing members, having working portions in resilient pressure relation to each other, the working portion of the outer member comprising a central web flanked by rows of arcuate teeth supported at both ends by the web and the rear portions of said member, respectively, and with portions of the outer member teeth most distant from the web spaced from the inner member.

12. In a mechanism of the described class, a shear.bar having all skin contacting portions cylindrically curved and provided with arcuate shearing teeth at opposite sides of a longitudinally extending zone intermediate of said teeth, said zone being occupied by a thin continuous web connecting the opposing ends of the respective sets of teeth, and a cutter bar with which said web and the adjacent portions of the teeth are concentric, said cutter bar being spaced from the other end portions of said teeth to facilitate entry of hair between the shear bar teeth.

13. In a mechanism of the described class, a cutter bar having a longitudinally extending row of arcuate shear teeth along its working front side and a corresponding operating piece along its rear side, the central portions of the rear side and working side being connected by a relatively thin web, said bar being of a generally T-shaped form in cross section.

14. In a mechanism of the described class, the

combination of a non-vibratory hollow shear bar having a cylindrically rounded working portion for bearing contact with the skin and provided with sets of arcuate shearing members on opposite sides of the longitudinal center line of said bearing portion, and a vibratory cutter bar having a working portion provided with arcuate shearing teeth in shearing relation to the shearing members of the shear bar adjacent said center line of its working portion, said cutter bar being spaced from the arcuate members of the shearing bar beyond the ends of the cutter bar teeth to allow hair to freely enter between portions of the shear bar memers extending beyond the ends of the cutter bar teeth.

15. The combination of a vibratory cutter bar having longitudinally extending channels along opposite sides thereof and also having an arcuate .16. The combination with a vibratory cutter u provided with spaced sets of arcuate slots and hearing teeth, portions of which teeth are in shearing relation to the cutter bar teeth, with other portions overhanging the channels in the cutter bar.

1'7. The combination of s vibratory cutter bar having along one side a set 01' arcuately curved shearing teeth and having its opposite side provided with means for ;vibrating said her axially, an enclosing shear bar having a thin cylindrically curved hearing portiomgcohcentric with the teeth of the cutter bar and arcuately slotted to-provide plural longitudinally extending sets 0! shearing teeth in shearing relation to the respective ends of the cutter bar teeth, said shear bar teeth ex- 10 tending beyond the ends of the cutter bar teeth and spaced from the cutter bar in their outer'end portions. v

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