US2193643A - Combined typewriting and computing machine - Google Patents

Description

March 12, 1940. H. 1.. PlTMAN COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Sept. 29, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 12, 1940. H. L. PITMAN COIBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Sept. 29, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 12, 1940. 1T 2,193,643

COMBINED TYPEWRI'I'ING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Sept. 29, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Imnentor H. L. PITMAN March 12, 1940.

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Sept. 29, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 IIIII IIII March 12, 1940. H. L. PITMAN COMBINED TYPEW'RITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Sept. 29, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 NRQ ME w

W mm 00 mm on DW 00 am so hm wokem oEu 2 3 nventor 1! orneg March 12, 1940. H. L. PlTMAN COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Sept. 29, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 CODE PRESENT PREVIOUS 1ST STEP Patented M 12, 1940 comma-n mawnrrmc AND COMPUTING MACHINE Henry L. Pltman, Hartford, Conn., assignor to Underwood Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Original application September 29, 1931, Serial No.

' 565,767. Divided and 1935, Serial No. 15,987

16 Claims.

This invention relates to combined typewriting and computing machines of the kind in which computation may be performed in many registers, and in which it is desired to employ typekeys for making diilferent selections of registers in which toaccumulate the amount or amounts that are typed upon the work-sheet.

There may be selectively employed as many as seven registers, although the number is not limited to seven; and each register may be either silenced or brought into use independently of all the remaining registers. Moreover, any two registers, or any three or more, may be selected by the type-key, and the printing of its type upon the work-sheet furnishes proof of the correctness of the selection of registers to receive the amount to be typed upon the sheet. In other words, any proof-type key may select any one-or any grouping of registers.

A feature of the invention is that the scope of the register-grouping operation is much enlarged, and there may be employed many prooftype keys, one for each grouping. An individual proof-type key may be used for selecting any of the seven registers.

An example of the many uses of the invention, is that it is rendered practicable to list many miscellaneous and perhaps unrelated amounts one under another in a common column, which, according to old practice, would have had to be typed in separate columns. The amounts listed in this column are distributed into different registers, or difierent groups of registers. Hence a single column is made to sufllce, for listing 85 amounts which, according to the old practice, would have occupied many separate columns. Wide work-sheets may accordingly be replaced by neat narrow sheets, effecting economy in the cost of forms, and also in the cost of binders, and also in the filing space required. The smaller work-sheets may be handled more rapidly, thus increasing the output of the machine.

An example of a field for the use of the invention, is found in accounting, where a combination of sheets is employed, related entries being made upon different sheets, and the amounts typed upon one or more sheets being computed in the registers in connection with amounts typed upon one or more other sheets. In this class of accounting, a selection is made of diflerent groups of registers for each line of typing upon each sheet, and proof of correct selection is simultaneously typed upon the work-sheet in each instance.

Another example of a use of the invention,

this application April 12,

is that bill-forms may be printed upon which to render bills for different kinds of supplies furnished. Certain registers may be reserved for billing one kind of supply, and other registers may be reserved for billing another kind of sup- Ply. Hence identical bill-forms may be used for both kinds of work, and when making out each bill the proof-character may be typed at the proper point, to prove the correct selection of registers for billing that kind of supply. The invention may also be applied to many other uses.

The silencing of each register is illustrated as preferably effected by disconnecting the denominational trains that run from the typewritercarriage down to the pin-selecting devices of the usual indexing mechanism. The drawings show, in one form of the invention, that the registers are normally in operative condition, and that the operation of the proof-type key silences all registers except the one or more that are wanted. In another form 'of the invention, the registers all are normally disconnected, and the prooftype key connects up one or more registers to be used.

The denomination-rods for each register are guided in a movable rack, and a spring tends to shift said rack away from normal position, preferably. A pawl is used to restrain the rack. Any one or more of the selected type-keys may withdraw a trigger that releases the pawl and permits the spring to shift the rack and its rods.

Rock-shafts form a group extending across the machine adjacent to the groups of denomination-rods, and the rock-shafts are connected respectively to the racks that shift the denomination-rods. Each rock-shaft also has an operating arm controlled by its pawl, trigger and spring mechanism, these operating arms being grouped and forming members of trains whose alphabettype keys are grouped together at the typewriterkeyboard.

Each proof-type key at each operation at any point in the line of typing withdraws its trigger, and permits the spring-tensioned denominationrod-shifting mechanism to operate.

The register-selecting trains are restorable to normal positions by the carriage, as the latter is returned to begin a new line of typing.

For some kinds of work the machine may be equipped with means to permit the proof-type register-selecting keys to shift the machine from normal additive condition to condition for subtraction.

This application is a division of my pending 55 application'serial No. 565,767, illed September 29,1931 (now Patent No. 2,075,540, dated March 30, 1937). Certain specific adjuncts which are disclosed in said .parent case. are not illustrated or described in this divisional application. Said parent application is limited to specific adjunctive features.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a rear elevation illustrating one means for shifting the machine to subtraction in connection with the operation of the registerselecting proof-type key.

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation, from front to rear, of an Underwood combined typewriting and computing or bookkeeping machine.

Figure 3 is a sectional side elevation, showing the mechanism which is brought into action at the return run of the paper-carriage, for restoring to normal positions the register-controlling trains.

Figure 4 is a sectional front perspective, showing the proof-type keys and trains operated thereby and controlling the selection of registers.

Figure 5 is a sectional side elevation of the device for casting off the denomination-rods that form part of the carriage-control denominationselecting trains.

Figure 6 is similar to Figure 5, but shows the register-rods cast off.

Figure '7 is a part-sectional perspective of the proof-type trains and the register-selecting devices operated thereby. In full lines, this view shows the parts in operated position.

Figure 8 is a sectional side elevation, showing the mechanism which is common in said Underwood machine in connection with the shifting of the machine to subtraction, and also showing the subtraction-setting means which is brought into use by the proof-type key of the present invention. Parts shown in this view may be operated at every cycling.

Figure 9 is a rear part-sectional view of the Underwood bookkeeping machine provided with the present improvements, showing the parts in normal positions.

Figure 10 is a plan of the carriage and groups of denomination-selecting trains, and carriagedogs which operate the same. This figure also shows the platen and one kind of work-sheet thereon.

Figure 11 is a view, showing an arrangement whereby one of the proof-type keys may be operated without shifting the machine from its normal additive state to condition for subtraction.

Figure 12 is a similar view, showing another proof-type train, capable of shifting the machine to subtraction.

Figure 13 is a sectional perspective view of the register-selecting frame and parts mounted therein, the cross-bails and other parts being separated.

Figure 14 is a view of a modified arrangement whereby the registers are normally all cast off, but, upon depression of the proof-type key, a register or group of registers may be brought into effective condition.

Figure 15 is a front elevation of means whereby the returning carriage restores to normal positions the register-selecting trains.

Figure 16 shows the position of parts of Figure 15 when the carriage is at its extreme returned position.

Figures 17 and 18 illustrate means whereby a 'row for each denomination.

combined gas and electric consumption bill may be made out upon the machine which may have one set of registers brought into action for gasconsumption, and another set of registers for electric-consumption; Figure 17 showing the bill and Figure 18 being a perspective to show the connection from the proof-type keys to the register-selecting trains.

Standard Underwood mechanism-The drawings show a modified Underwood bookkeeping machine of the general type disclosed in the pat ent to Hart 1,190,171 of July 4, 1916. In said Underwood machine numeral-keys 20 depress levers 22 to vibrate bell-cranks 23, to swing type-bars 24 upwardly to strike rearwardly against the platen 25. The platen is supported upon a carriage 26 running upon rails 21, 28, and is driven by the usual spring-barrel under the control of escapement-mechanism. The latter is represented at 23; the carriage feeding step by step as usual at the operation of numeral-type-keys 20.

In said Underwood machine, stems 30 depend from the numeral-key-levers 20, for the purpose of operating mechanism, whereby a numeral is indexed as it is being typed. Said indexing mech anism includes rows of settable index-pins 3 I, one These index-pins are depressed selectively by the digit-keys 20, a key being depressed in each denomination as the typewriter-carriage feeds along. The stem 30 operates a rock-shaft 32 by means of an arm 33, and each rock-shaft operates a linkage which includes upper and lower cross-links 34 and 35. There is one cross-link 35 for every digit-key. When any cross-link 35 is depressed, it carries down such pin 3| as at the moment underlies the same, and thereby causes the pin to be projected below the pin-bar 36. In the ensuing cycling operation, the depressed pins are caught by a forwardly advancing general-operator bar 31, which, by means of the depressed pins, drives forwardly their associated pin-bars 36 and causes racks 36 thereon to rotate dial-wheels 39 accordingly. Each group of dial-wheels forms a. totalizer or register. At the completion of the cycling, the pin-bars 36 return to normal positions, and the displaced indexing pins 3| are restored.

It will be noted at Figure 2 that index-pins 3i are normally not in register with the cross-links 35 by which the pins are to be selectively depin-bars 36 is controlled by the carriage 26 of the typewriter.

Said Underwood carriage usually carries a succession of adjustable dogs 40, each having a tappet or tappets 4| to engage and lift jacks l2, pivoted at 43. There is one jack for every denomination. Every register has one group of jacks. The jacks are arranged in a row to form a group, there being as many jacks in the group as there are dials 39 in the register. The function of the jacks is to determine which dial of the register is to be ailected, or, in other words, which pinbar 36 is to be advanced by the typewriter-carriage. For this purpose, the jacks have the form of levers, whose rearwardly-extending arm 44 depress denomination-rods 45 that extend from top to bottom of the machine at the rear thereof.

The movement of each jack is transmitted by the which actuates a denomination-t mechanism 41, in such a manner that a bell-crank 46 is rocked that corresponds with the selected jack 42. said selected bell-crank drives forwardly the rear portion of its pin-bar 66 by means of a projection 46 thereon. This advance is just sumcient to advance the pins 3| to working positions beneath the cross-links 36, so that any pin may be depressed by selecting the proper key 26, which also causes the numeral-type to print and the carriage 26 to feed, and thereby enables the dog 40 to lift the succeeding jack 42 and advance the next pin-bar 36. As so far described, the mechanism is standard in Underwood machines.

In practicing the present invention, several registers are employed, each having its own group of jacks 42, and its own system of connections 45, 46, etc., to its own group of pin-bars 66 that drive the dials of the register. This is more fully set forth in said Hart patent, although the invention is not limited to the use of the three registers which are depicted in said patent.

Register silencina.For the purposes of this invention, it is not necessary to use the registers seriatim, nor to employ them one at a time, but the general aim of the invention is to provide dependable means for selecting one or more registers to be brought into use for registering each amount that is typed upon the work-sheet. The register-operating trains may all stand normally in effective condition; but, for carrying out the present invention in one form, provision is made whereby one or more registers may be silenced selectively. The silencing is eifected preferably by disconnecting the jack-operated trains. This disconnection may be effected by swinging the upper ends of the thrust-rods 45 back out of the range of the jacks, so that when the jacks are operated seriatim by the carriage, their movements fail to be transmitted to their associated pin-bars 36, and hence the number which is being typed will not be indexed for such disconnected or silenced register. It may be explained here that the upper ends of the thrust-rods work in perforations in a guide yoke or rack 56, there being one guide-rack for each set of rods; and this guide-rack may slide rearwardly to carry the upper ends of the rods 45 away from the jackarms 44. The guide-rack 56 for each set of rods 45 is in the form of a horizontal perforated plate, which is bent laterally from a slide or arm which is mounted to slide forwardly and rearwardly upon fixed pins 52, 53, Figures 5, 6. Each guide-rack is independent of the other guideracks, thus permitting selective disabling of any one or any' plurality of groups of denominationrods 45.

The carriage-dogs 46 carry tappets 4| that occupy different positions ina direction transverse to the travel of the carriage, and the jack-arms have assorted lengths, one group of arms being of a length to engage a tappet 4 I, and another group of arms having greater length, to engage another tappet 4| upon another dog. Hence a tappet 4| can engage only the dog that it is intended for, as well known in this art. This gives a great range of selection. In some cases, there may be more than one tappet on the same dog, so as to enable that dog to have control over a number of selected registers.

There are shown five of the registers, and five groups of denomination-trains, one group for each register. All of the groups may normally be in effective position for operation of all the registers, and therefore normally any number typed upon the work-sheet would be run into all of the registers, providing that the carriage-dogs 46 were properly set up.

It should be explained at this point that each guide-rack 56 for the denominational rods 45 is connected to a spring, which tends to slide the rack back and to carry the rods away fromthe jacks; but that the racks normally are latched against the tension of the springs. The manner of selecting any register therefore is to unlatch all racks, or controllers including the racks, except the selected one, so that their springs may carry the guide-racks and rods back to silenced positions. Provision may be made, as exemplified later herein, whereby said guide-racks are all returned automatically to normal positions, retensioning the springs and relatching the guideracks.

The springs referred to are numbered 64', Figures 2, 4 and 9. These are shown in the form of tension-springs which pull down on arms 65, one arm for each yoke 56. These arms are mounted upon horizontal rock-shafts 56, which can therefore be rocked by the springs. Each rock-shaft is provided with an arm 51, from which extends upwardly a link 56, directly actuating the slidebar 5|, which carries the yoke or guide-rack 56. This link is pivoted upon a wrist 59 carried by an arm 66 pivoted at 53. The wrist works in a camslot 6| formed in slide-bar 5|, so that when the link 56 is pulled down by the spring 54, the wrist 59 works against the cam, to cam the slide-bar 5i rearwardly, together with the guide-rack 56, and carry the denominational thrust-rods 45 back from the full-line to the dotted-line position at Figure 5.

Register-controlling trains and latches-The springs 54 may be connected directly to the arms, but preferably are attached to pawls 62 which normally rest upon triggers 63. These triggers 63 are formed as the tips of slides 64, one for each pawl 62, so that there preferably may be as many triggers as there are selectable registers. It will be perceived that when a slide 64 is pulled forwardly, its trigger 63 will be withdrawn, and the pawl 62 will be thereby left unsupported, and the spring-54 will pull down the arm 55 and rock the shaft 56, and the link 56 will shift the slide-bar 5i, with its guide-rack 56, backwardly, to carry the rods 45 to silenced positions.

The register-selecting rock-shafts 56 extend horizontally across the machine at its rear, and are journaled at their ends in vertical racks 65 at the sides of the machine; said racks mounted on brackets 66 erected upon the rear portion of the typewriter-frame 61. The arms 55 are at different elevations, and the pawls 62 are made accordingly of graduated lengths.

Said pawls 62 are guided at their lower ends in slots provided in a horizontal guide-plate 68, which projects from the rear of a register-selecting frame, which includes front and rear vertical plates or walls 69, 10, having guide-slots 1| for the trigger-slides 64, see Figure 4. The registerselecting frame includes a main cross-plate 12, fastened by screws 13 to the typewriter-frame 61; and studs 14 extend rearwardly from the main cross-plate 12 to carry the rear guide-plate the latter having a yoke-portion to which is attached the guide-plate 66 for the vertical pawls 62. The latter is also supported by studs 16 that depend from the bottom of a transverse horizontal angle-bar 11. This angle-bar connects the side racks 65. A central vertical rack 18 is also provided to serve as a midway support for the register-selecting rock-shafts 88, this rack 18 rising from the lower tie-rod TI. The upper 01 the transverse tie-rods is designated as 18, Figure 9.

Register selecting and proving traina -In the described register-selecting frame is mounted mechanism for enabling keys at the front of the machine each to make a selection of registers; any selection made by each key being independent of selections made by the other keys.

Since it is a valuable feature of the invention that a proof-type is printed upon the work-sheet concomitantly with the selection of one register or of a group of registers, several proof-type keys I89 are employed, for typing code-letters. These particular keys serve as members of proof-typeprinting and register-selecting trains, as will be explained. Bell-cranks 23 operated by these register-selecting proof-type keys are connected to rearwardly-extending links 88 by pin-and-slot connections at 8I, the slot being of key-hole form, for ready attacahment and detachment. At their rear ends these links 88 slide in guide-slots 82 formed in plate 10 of the register-selecting frame.

The links 88 transmit movement selectively to the trigger-slides 64, by means of rock-shafts 88, which are in the form of bails that extend across the slides 84 and are pivoted by means of ears 84 in end plates 85 of the register-selecting frame. Each key-train has its individual rock shaft or bail 83, so that the depression of each key serves not only to print a proof-type, but also to rock its bail 83, and thereby operate one or more of the trigger-slides 84 selectively, to withdraw the same from the pawl or pawls 82.

The pawls from which the triggers are withdrawn drop to register-silencing positions, so that the register or registers that are actually chosen for use are preferably those whose denominational trains are left undisturbed at the operation of the selecting key 689. In other words, each proof-type key I89 determines which registers are to be silenced, thus leaving the remaining registers in effective condition.

Each rock-shaft cross-bail or element 83 has a downwardly-jutting tooth 86, Figures 4, 13, to work in the notch 81 in one of the links 88. That part of the cross-bail which overlies. the triggerslides 84 is provided with a tooth or teeth 88, to work in a notch 89 in the trigger-slide 84. This tooth may be broadened as at 98, Figure 13, so as to operate two trigger-slides 64. It will be evident that the tooth may be formed on a crossbail to operate every other trigger-slide 64, as seen at Figure 7, in which 88 and 88 are joined. It will thus be seen that the machine may be equippedwith any desired selection of cross-bails, and that every time that a bail is operated by its key, the same proof-type will be printed upon the work-sheet, and said type will prove that a certain register or a certain combination of registers was brought into use by the operation oi! said key, and that the amount thereupon typed upon the work-sheet was run into said selected register, or said selected combination of registers. Each cross-bail 83 affords a difierent combination from the remaining bails. Hence three selections may be made of different combinations by using these three keys. The invention, however, is not limited to three bails, nor to three keys, since as many keys may be employed as desired, and the number of registers to use selectively may be increased or diminished.

The parts 84 may be duplicates. The parts 88 may also be duplicates. None of these parts 84 or 88 needs to have any diiferent arrangement of notches from the others. The diflerential elements are the cross-bails 88, each of which is made especially for eflecting a certain selection by means of a specially placed tooth or teeth therein.

It will be understood that when the triggerslldes 84 are pulled out from the pawls 82, the latter descend, and consequently lock the slides 84 against the tension of their returning springs 8|. The links 88 are provided with similar returning springs 82, and of course these are also locked in their forward positions by the dropped pawls 82, at the same time with the trigger-slides 84, since each link 88 is connected to a slide 84 by a cross-bail 88. The pin-and-slot connection at 8I of the link 88 to the bell-crank 28, permits the link 88 to remain in its forward or set position, while the key, bell-crank and type-bar return to normal positions.

It will be observed that type-keys are used for typing on the work-sheet certain proof-characters, to establish what register or combination of registers will accumulate the amount that is thereupon typed. These proof-type keys type these proofmarks; and sucli proof-type keys may be supplemental to the reg-lilar alphabetical keyboard, and the proof-types themselves may be supplemental to the regular alphabetical typesystem.

At any point in the travel of the carriage, any of the keys at Figure '7 may be operated to effect register-selection.

The proof-characters may be printed in a narrow column i88 that is designated as Code. This column may be located where desired. The proving function of the code-types is eflected at a point Just at the left of the main columns, thus leaving practically a full-width column III! for description or memoranda.

It will be understood that any one of the register-selecting keys I89 may eilect a selection, and alsotype aproof-character in the column I86. Then the numeral-keys 28 are depressed to type the amount in the column I08, and at this time the index-pins iii are set for every register that has just been selected by the key I89. The group or groups of denominational thrust-rods 45, disabled through the train 88, 83, 84, 62, remain disabled during the typing of the amount; the pins 3| being indexed only for those registers whose denominational rods 45 remain in normal adjusted positions.

Then the usual cycling key is depressed and the general-operator bar 37 carries forward (by means of the depressed index-pins 3i) the pinbars 36 in all of the groups whose selection has been determined by the selected key I88, so that the number which is typed in column I88 is carried into the selected registers by means of the racks 88.

At the remaining portion of the cycling operation the cross-bar 81 returns to normal position, and, by means of lugs upon the pin-bars 38, returns the latter to normal positions.

Examples of accounting.This invention is adapted for the purpose (among others) of typing miscellaneous amounts one under another in a single column, which are not to be added together, but which it has been the general practice to enter in individual columns. The objection of such old method is that it necessitates the use of very many columns, and very wide sheets, and Wide typewriter-carriages. In practicing certain features of the present invention,

these miscellaneous amounts may be typed one I under another in a single column (which may be directly alongside of the proof-column), but these amounts are not footed vertically; They are run into diiferent registers, one amount going into one register, and the next amount perhaps being run into three registers, and the next amount into two registers. The cross-bails 83 eifect the selection of registers for accumulating each amount that is typed, and the key I", which is connected to said cross-bail by the member 80, may print in the code-column I (Figure '7) a letter which identifies the bail 83, to prove which registers were selected by the key, to accumulate the number that is typed in the common column I08. Other columns I08 are provided, for cross-adding and other computation.

The keys I09 may be labeled with individual numbers to aid the operator. A key at Figure 7 is labeled with a l, showing that it selects the 1st register; another key I" selects the 2d register, and another key selects the 3d register. As many keys may be used for different selections of one or more registers as may be required, for this condensed billing or accounting.

From the foregoing it will be seen that these amounts typed in a common column are properly distributed among selected registers, and that the selection of the registers is made by keys, and that the proof-keys type upon the work-sheet the proof that the proper selection of registers has been made.

It will be evident that amounts typed in the common column may be run into selected registers, mounted side by side, the selection being made just prior to the typing of each amount. Cross-computation may also be performed, even though the amounts that are cross-computed are disposed in a vertical column. In a simple form of the machine there may be used, say seven registers, and six of them may be under the selective control of the proof-type keys, while the seventh may be a cross-computing register, and every amount that is entered in the common column, under the control of a register-selecting key, may be entered in the selected register, and also in the seventh register. Hence when the amounts are all entered in the various registers, the result of the cross-computation of all amounts will appear in the seventh register.

The machine is therefore capable of crossadding amounts that are placed side by side in individual columns, and also of cross-adding amounts that are placed one under another in the same column and run into individual registers.

It does not necessarily happen that the amount which is typed in the common column will be run into all of the selected registers. It should be kept in mind that the carriage is provided with various adjustable selector-dogs for operating the denominational jacks, and that in some cases only one dog may be adjusted for use when the amount is being typed, and hence that amount may be run into only one of the key-selected registers. Or it may be that two dogs are in use, for two of the key-selected registers, when said amount is being typed in the common column. Or, in some cases, three or more dogs may be in use simultaneously for accumulating in three or more registers the amount that is typed in said common column. There is, therefore, a joint selection of registers, one joint selector being a selecting key, and the other joint selector being one or more of the carriage-dogs.

As an example of another kind of accounting for which the invention is adapted, several accounting-sheets may be used in combination, each sheet having appropriate individual columns and captions. One of the sheets may form a master sheet, which may summarize the entries that are made upon the individual sheets in the set. The sheets may be placed in the machine 1 and typed one at a time, and for each sheet the registers or groups may be selected by the keys I", for as many lines of typing as may be required; a new register-selection being made for each typed line. Then this work-sheet may be withdrawn, and another sheet substituted, a new selection of registers made, and the amounts computed in the proper columns. The amounts that are entered on this second sheet may be combined with those that were entered upon the first sheet. Then the second sheet may be withdrawn and the third accounting-sheet of the set may be introduced and typed, and so on for a number of individual sheets. After the last sheet is withdrawn, a master sheet may be inserted, and the amounts that are exhibited in the various registers in the machine may be copied upon the master sheet, and new entries may be made and accounting performed thereon.

An accounting-sheet of this type is seen at- Flgure 10. Carbon-copies may be made of the individual sheets, as well as the master sheets; and entries may be copied from one or more thereof upon the right-hand margin of the carbon-copy sheet, as shown in Figure 10, and the copying of these amounts may be made to affect one or more registers.

When typing on the same line an amount in the second or third column, there may be brought into use any one or more of the registers that were originally selected by the key for that line of typing. How many of them are to be brought into use in any column, depends upon what dogs are adjusted therefor. For each of the columns there may be a diil'erent setting of adjustable dogs, if desired. The register-selecting key casts oif certain registers, so that those cast-off registers are not brought into use on that line of typing, regardless of what carriage-dogs may be employed.

In preparing this machine for various kinds of work, the selection and adjustment of the carriage-dogs (having the tappets that operate the denominational jacks) is a matter of importance, that is within the skill of those trained in this art; and it will be perceived that a proper operation of register-selecting type-keys, and a proper selection and arrangement of the carriage-dogs, will furnish foundation for the performance of a large range of accounting upon the machine. The machine is usually made with a permanent equipment of two, three or more register-selecting cross-bails 83; but it will be seen that these are readily detachable, and that others may be substituted therefor, in preparing the machine for varieties of work.

For some work, each of the proof-type keys may select only one register, that is, it may cast ofi all registers except one. All registers that are controlled by any key, are preferably cast off; and whatever carriage-dogs 40 are employed, must cooperate with the remaining registers only. The machine may be provided with an assortment of dogs 40, each properly adjusted, and some of the dogs may co-operate with one or more registers indifferent computing zones. But

these dogs, although traveling with the carriage,-

will never co operate with any register that is cast ofi. Hence many of the adjusted dogs may travel idly. Some dogs will be idle in one line of typing, and some in another line. Moreover in each line of typing one or more carriage-dogs will be active in one adding zone and idle in another adding zone, and so' on, depending upon which of the register-selecting keys was depressed at the outset of the computation in that line. It will be seen that the possibilities of adjustment and combination of dogs and registers cover a very wide range for a very wide variety of accounting.

One of the valuable uses of the invention is in the field of double or triple cross-adding. Cross-computing may be performed of numbers typed in two columns and computed in two individual registers, and simultaneously run into a third register. The third register will show the result of the cross-computation. Such result may then be copied in a third column. This would occupy, say, a portion of the line of typing.

The remainder of the line may be devoted to typing amounts in two or three other individual columns, and running the typed amount into two or three other registers, and cross-adding the same by means of a separate register. The result may be copied from the fourth register into a fourth column. This gives two successive cross-additions in a single line of typing. Moreover, there may be in use still one more register, to effect cross-computation of all the amounts in the entire line. There may be a suflicient number of register-selecting proof-type keys to select certain registers for one cross-adding operation, and certain other registers for another cross-adding operation in the same line of typing, and an additional register for a grand -crossadding operation of the entire line. In the succeeding line, another key may be operated for governing some other kind of accounting, either with or without cross-adding. Another key may make still another selection of registers for still other kinds of computation.

Restoration of register-selecting trains to normal positions. After the line of typing is completed, the paper-carriage is given a return stroke, to begin a new line of typing and ac counting. The return of the carriage is usually effected either by power or manually. The return is utilized to restore the silenced registertrains, and also the register-selecting mechanism that has been set by the proof-type keys. For this purpose, there is mounted on the carriage a restoring cam III. This may be adjusted along the bar if desired. These restoring cams III may come into use when the carriage has nearly completed its return stroke. In the path of this cam is a part II8, that when struck lifts an arm I I9 and rocks a shaft I20, and thereby raises a pendent link I2I. The link is pivoted at its lower end to a stud I22 which projects from the bottom end of a vertical restoring slide I23, that is guided in upper and lower brackets I24 and I25, Figure 3. This slide is provided with opposite rows of restoring lifters I26. These project under arms I21, which are fastened upon the ends of the register-selecting rock-shafts 56; and all of these shafts may be rocked up to normal.

This may take place while the carriage is moving through a short distance, and in practice it is found not to cause a serious obstruction to the return of the carriage, since the arm H9 has a roll I28 that runs upon the beveled operative edge I" of the cam. The part H9 is pivoted at I29 to arm I I9, so that it will swing idly about said pivot whenever the carriage is advancing in letter-feeding direction, the member II'I being effective only during the return of the carriage.

When said rock-shafts 56 are rocked up, all of the depressed arms 55 thereon are swung up, together with the pawls 02 that are pivoted to said arms. These pawls, which have locked the trigger-slides 64 in their forward or tripping positions, are thus withdrawn, and the springs 9I, 92 return these trigger-slides to normal positions, the triggers 63 sliding beneath the pawls 62, and the selecting bails 83 being rocked back to normal positions, together with the members 80. The slides 64 have stop-shoulders I30 that normally come to rest against guide-plate I0, Figure 3.

Subtraction.--Underwood bookkeeping machines are usually equipped with means for setting the computing mechanism to subtract. It is also usually provided with decimal-tabulating mechanism, including decimal-stops I32, and a succession of column-stops I33, the latter adjustable along a rack I34 on the carriage. These column-stops usually automatically set the machine for subtraction. To this end, the columnstop has a rear extension I35, which is effective (whether the carriage is to be tabulated or not) to shift the machine to subtraction at a predetermined point in the travel of the carriage. Several of the column-stops may be provided with this extension I35, so that the machine may be repeatedly shifted to subtraction during the typing of a single line. Every time that an amount is subtracted, the cycling mechanism restores the machine to condition for addition. (See patent to Minton, No. 1,280,065, of September 24, 1918.)

This extension I35 on any subtraction-setting column-stop is effective to engage the usual oneway cam I36 upon a lever I37, to depress said leverand thereby raise a link I 38 to rock a bellcrank I39, from which extends horizontally a long latch I40. At its extreme end this latch normally supports an arm I of a lever, also having arms I 42 and I43. When the latch I is withdrawn, as described, the arm MI is swung down about pivot I44 by means of a spring I45. Fixed on the three-armed lever is a hook I46, which is thus withdrawn from a notch in a silde I41, permitting it to be pulled rearwardly by its spring I 40, thereby vibrating arm I49, shaft I50 and arm I 5i. The latter operates a levercontrivance I52, which shifts all the shafts 32 endwise forwardly, to put the machine into condition for complementary subtraction in the usual manner. At the subsequent cycling operation, the cross-bar 31 of the general operator operates arm I43 to restore the parts to condition for addition. This subtraction-setting mechanism is well known in the Underwood bookkeeping machine.

Usually the miscellaneous amounts that are typed in the common column I08 are subtracted; but for certain classes of work it is desired that the first entry in this column be added. Hence the foregoing automatic subtraction-setting mechanism, under the control of the carriage, is not in some instances depended upon for setting the machine for subtraction in column I08. It is contrived that any one of the register-selecting type-keys may automatically set the machine for subtraction. This is done by providing an arm I53, that is depressible by any of the pawls 62, so that when any one or more registers are selected, said arm I53 is swung down,

together with the remaining portions of a bail I56, I55, thereby lifting a link I56, which connects the bail-arm I to the driving arm I51 or the cam-lever I31, so that the machine is automatically set for subtraction when the register-selected type-key is depressed, even though there is no column-stop set at this point.

When it is desired to use a set of sheets, the amounts typed on one sheet having a relation to the amounts typed on other sheets, the registerselecting proof-type keys may be employed, and in each such instance the amount which is typed in the common column I06 will be subtracted automatically.

It is desired, after subtraction of a number that is typed in a common column I66, that the machin shall be returned to addition automatically; and for that reason it is no longer desired that the subtraction-setting function of the register-selecting keys shall be continued or prolonged, as it may not be desired to subtract in the remaining column or columns that may have been selected by the type-key. The novel subtraction-setting arm I53, which is controllable by the register-selecting key, is therefore arranged to be automatically silenced after an amount is typed in said column I06. For this purpose, there is brought into use a restoring mechanism which is auxiliary to the usual train of dogdisabling devices which operate at the cycling of the machine. This train of dog-disabling devices usually includes a bell-crank I56, which normally occupies a notch I56 in a part I66 of the general operator, so that as soon as the cycling begins, said bell-crank I56 is swung out of the notch I56, and its upstanding arm presses rearwardly a lug I6I upon link I62, thereby swinging arm I63 of the bell-crank, the other arm I64 of which lifts an arm I65 and swings rearwardly an upstanding arm I66 that carries a roll I61, normally supporting the dog 40; the dog having a roll I66 pressing upon conical roll I61, thereby pressing up the roll-frame. Roll I66 normally rests upon roll I61, and when the lat- V ter recedes, the selecting dog falls, and carries its tappets 4| out of range of the jacks, so that the indexing mechanism is silenced while the machine is cycling.

The indexing mechanism is, according to the present improvements, connected to a train which releases the aforesaid subtraction-arm I53 from the pawls 62. The train includes a link I66, Figure 4, which is connected by a pin-and-slot connection to the aforesaid arm I63, and is mounted at its rear end by an arm I10 upon a special transverse rock-shaft I1I. Upon the other end of said rock-shalt is fixed a pendent arm I12, which at its lower end has an arm I13 to operate the subtiaction-setting arm I53. The rocking of the pendent arm I10 rearwardly carries the arm I53 rearwardly out of range of the pawls 62, and the arm I53 may be returned to normal by the return spring I16, which is usually employed for returning the subtractionsetting train I31, I38, I36, etc.

The arm I53 will now occupy an abnormal position behind the pawls 62, and this position will persist until all of the pawls are raised through the operation of the carriage-cam II1, as already described. This raising of the pawls will release the 'arm- I53, and permit it to be snapped forwardly under said pawls by means of a spring I15 which is attached to the arm I16. The ball I63, I66, I65 can slide endwise upon a fixed shaft I16 between itsinefiective and eflective positions. The link I66 has a slot I11, which carries a pin I16 on the supporting arm I63. This gives clearance for said arm I63 to swing forwardly when necessary, independently of the link I66 and the subtraction-arm I53.

It may be provided for-one of the registerselecting type-keys to be operated without shifting the machine for subtraction, this arrangement being desirable for some kinds of accounting. The arm I53 may be provided with a notch I16 opposite any of the pawls 62 shown, and it will not operate the member I53 when the proof-type key is depressed to select a group of registers. But when one of the other keys is operated for selecting any group of registers, it will set the machine for subtraction, as already explained.

Gas and electricity bills.-One method of billing that can be carried out by the present invention is illustrated at Figures 17 and 18. Figure 17 is a bill-form usable for charging consumption of either gas or electricity. Figure 18 shows a simplified connection controlled by the register-selecting proof-type keys. Each of the links that run back from the bell-cranks 23 of the type-actions (which in this view are designated as I60), is provided at its rear end with a trigger portion I6I to cook the register-selecting train 62, thus dispensing with the cross-connecting ball 63. Each of the shafts 56 which are operated by the pawls 62 may be provided with a series of arms 51, for selecting a certain group of registers. This simple arrangement can be employed for simple bills. When one key is depressed to type in the proof-sign column I06 for making out a gas bill, the character that is typed in said column designates those registers which are connected by said arms 51 to the single rock-shaft 56, which is controlled by the single key through a'link I60. When an electric bill is to be made out, the other key is typed in the proof-sign column, and operates another one of the rock-shafts 56, together with its arms 51, controlling a diiferent group of registers. Hence the bill blanks may be printed cheaply in quantities, and any bill may be used for the consumption of gas or the consumption of electricity, the typing of each bill requiring only a single line.

Registers may be normally silenced.In the foregoing description the registers are normally in effective positions, and the proof-type keys determine what registers to cast 01f. However, all of the registers may normally be cast off, and each proof-type key may be connected to bring into use any selected register or any selected group of registers. The denomination-rods 45 are shown in full lines at Figure 14 normally cast off. Whenever any link 58 is thrust down by a proof-type key, it works down in a camslot I62, which is inclined oppositely from the cam 6| already described; and by pulling down the arm 60, it causes the slide 5| to move forwardly together with the rack 50, thereby swinging all of the denomination-rods 45 forwardly to the effective dotted-line position at Figure 14. This form of the invention can be applied to all classes of work wherein it is not desired to have the registers normally in effective condition.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a plurality of registers, and mechanism for indexing an amount for entry in the registers, the combination of controllers, including pawls, shiftable for effecting selection of the registers that are to receive the indexed amount, springs tending to shift said controllers, triggers intercepting said pawls to restrain the controllers from being shifted by the springs, register-selecting keys, rieans enabling said keys to Withdrawsaid triggers to permit the springs to shift the register controllers, and means operable for restoring the controllers, pawls, triggers and springs.

2. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a carriage, a plurality of registers, and indexing mechanism including groups, one group for each register, of denomination-rods actuatable by means of said carriage, the combination of guide racks for the denominationrods, springs operatively connected to said racks and tending to shift said racks and rods away from normal positions, pawls operatively connected to said racks, triggers intercepting the pawls to restrain said racks, proof-type keys, and means enabling said keys to withdraw the triggers selectively and correspondingly permit the springs to shift the racks and rods.

3. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a carriage, a plurality of registers, and indexing'mechanism including groups, one group for each register, of denomination-rods actuatable by means of said carriage, the combination of a group of rock-shafts extending across the machine adjacent to and corresponding to the groups of denomination-rods, individual rodgroup-shifting connections from the rock-shafts to the groups of denomination-rods, each rockshaft having an operating arm, a pawl connected to each arm, triggers intercepting the pawls, springs tending to rotate said rock-shafts to shift said denomination-rods away from normal positions, type-keys, and means enabling the type keys to withdraw the triggers selectively to permit, correspondingly, said springs to rock said shafts and shift said rods.

4. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with numeral typekeys, a carriage controlled by said keys, and a plurality of registers adapted to receive amounts typed by means of said keys and carriage, of a plurality of proof-type keys, register-selecting mechanism, including a plurality of spring-urged normally latched elements selectively releasable by means of said .proof-type keys to become spring-shifted and thereby effect a selection of said registers, a universal restorer actuatable to restore said elements, and means enabling the carriage, in its return-movement to begin a new line, to actuate said restorer.

5. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with numeral-typekeys, a carriage controlled by said keys, and a plurality of registers adapted to receive amounts typed by means of said keys and carriage, of register-selecting mechanism including a plurality of shafts rockable selectively to effect register selection, a pawl operatively connected to each rock-shaft, springs tending to rock said shafts, spring-pressed triggers intercepting the pawls, register-selecting keys, means enabling said keys to control the withdrawal of said triggers to permit the springs to rock said shafts, and means, brought into operation by the return of the carriage to begin a new line, for restoring the rockshafts and pawls, the triggers being returned by their springs when the pawls are restored by means of the rock-shafts and said carriage.

6. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having typing instrumentalities to type amounts one under another in a vertical column, a plurality of registers, and mechanism for in dexing an amount for entry in the registers, the combination of a plurality of devices selectively settable to make different selections of said registers for said column, a plurality of selectively operable proof-type keys, and means, including permutation elements, operatively connecting said proof-type keys and devices to enable (1) one of said proof-type keys to make a selection of a group including two of said registers and (2) to enable another of said proof-type keys to make an independent selection of a different group including two of said registers, said permutation elements being arranged so that one and the same register is selected as an element of a group by each of said selecting keys.

7. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a carriage, a plurality of registers, and indexing mechanism including groups, one group for each register, of denomination rods operableby means of said carriage, of a set of guide-racks for the groups of rods, a group of rock-shafts extending across the machine, shifter-arms connected to said rock-shafts and having operating connections to said guide-racks, springs tending to move said rock-shafts, shifter-arms and guide racks, latches for restraining said rockshafts, shifter-arms and guide-racks, proof-type keys, and means enabling said keys to trip said latches selectively, whereby said proof-type keys selectively determine which of said groups of said rods are operable by means of said carriage.

8. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a carriage and a plurality of registers each including a set of indexable drivers, the combination of groups of denominationselecting operative connections between the carriage and the sets of drivers, a group of type-keys, a set of controllers, including pawls, actuatable to determine effective operativeness by the carriage of said connections, springs tendingsto actuate the controllers, triggers normally intercepting the pawls for restraining the controllers against the tension of their springs, and means enabling the keys in said group selectively to withdraw said triggers to permit the springs to actuate said controllers.

9. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a carriage, a plurality of registers, and mechanism for indexing an amount for entry in the registers, the combination of a group of type-operating keys, a group of links extending from said group of keys, a group of elements extending across the links and rockable by said links, each key in said group serving to print a character and also to operate its rockable element, triggers normally set but selectively withdrawable by said rockable elements, spring-urged register-selecting controllers, including pawls intercepted by the set triggers to restrain said controllers, the triggers being withdrawable to release said controllers to determine selectively operation of said registers under control of said indexing-mechanism, and means operable to restore the register-selecting controllers.

10. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a plurality of registers, and mechanism for indexing an amount for entry in the registers; register selecting mechanism ineluding, in combination, a group of type-operating keys, a group of links extending from said group of keys, a group of elements extending across the links and rockable by said links, each key in said group serving to print a character and also to operate its rockable element, triggers normally set but selectively withdrawable by said rockable elements, spring-urged register selecting controllers, including pawls intercepted by the set triggers, each rockable element having a tooth engaging a notch in the associated link, the triggers having notches and the rockable elements having assorted teeth in the trigger-notches, whereby the different ones of said group of type-operating keys are enabled to select different combinations of registers.

11. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a plurality of registers, the combination of a controller, including a pawl, for each register, springs tending to shift the controllers for effecting selection of the registers, triggers intercepting said pawls, register-select:- ing keys arranged to withdraw said triggers to permit the springs to shift the register-controllers, a subtraction-setting mechanism, and means enabling at least one of said pawls, upon being released from its trigger, to operate said subtraction-setting mechanism.

12. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a carriage, a multiplicity of registers, and sets of drivers therefor, key-indexable under control of the carriage, the combination of three proof-type keys, and a register-selecting mechanism, common to said proof-type keys and including means controlled by one proof-type key for making a selection of two sets of drivers for key-indexing under control of said carriage and also including means controlled by another prooftype key for making a different selection of two sets of drivers for key-indexing under control of said carriage and also including means, controlled by a third proof-type key, for making still another diflerent selection of two sets of drivers for key-indexing under control of said carriage, said proof-type key-controlled means being adapted so that each selection is inclusive of a set of drivers employed in one of the other selections.

13. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a plurality of registers and mechanism controllable for cooperation with said carriage, for key-indexing an amount for entry in said registers, the combination of a plurality of controller trains each operable to select a particular register, springs tending to operate said trains, a group of triggers restraining said trains, a plurality of register-selecting keys, trigger-actuating links extending from said keys to the vicinity of said triggers, and rockable permutation bars connecting each key-link permutatively to one or more of said triggers whereby operation of each key effects a register-selecting operation of a predetermined one or more of said triggers.

14. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having typing instrumentalities and a plurality of registers cyclically operable under indexing control of said instrumentalities, the combination of a plurality of selector devices, one for each register, operable to select the registers, a plurality of register selecting keys, and operative connections, including permutatable elements between the keys and selector devices whereby each key is adapted to operate a variably predeterminable one or more of said selector devices. 15. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having amount typing instrumentalities including a carriage, and also having multiple register mechanism, the registers being cyclically operable additively or subtractively to compute amounts subsequently to indexing said amounts by means of said instrumentalities, the combination of register selecting keys, selector devices becoming set, in response to operation of said keys, to effect register selection, a subtraction setter having operative connection to said selector devices so as to become set to subtractive condition by said selector devices as the latter become set, means operable for disabling said connection for determining restoration of said setter independently of restoration of said selector devices, and spring means acting to restore said setter upon disablement of said connection. 16. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having amount typing instrumentalities including a carriage, and also having multiple register mechanism, the registers being cyclically operable additively or subtractively to compute amounts subsequently to indexing said amounts by means of said instrumentalities, the combination of register selecting keys, selector devices becoming set, in response to operation of said keys, to efiect register selection, a subtraction setter having operative connection to said selector devices so as to become set to subtractive condition by said selector devices as the latter become set, a cycling operator for said registers, means actuated by said operator for disabling said connection for determining restoration of said setter independently of restoration of said selector devices, and spring means acting to restore said setter upon disablement of said connection.

HENRY L. PITMAN.

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