US219181A - Improvement in liquid fuels - Google Patents
Improvement in liquid fuels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US219181A US219181A US219181DA US219181A US 219181 A US219181 A US 219181A US 219181D A US219181D A US 219181DA US 219181 A US219181 A US 219181A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- fuel
- improvement
- carbonaceous material
- liquid fuels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title description 32
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title description 30
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940108066 Coal Tar Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241001058354 Inti Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L7/00—Fuels produced by solidifying fluid fuels
- C10L7/02—Fuels produced by solidifying fluid fuels liquid fuels
Definitions
- the object of our invention is to produce a cheap, economical, elfective, and easily-manipulated liquid fuel for use in steam-boiler furnaces, gas manufacture, metallurgic operations, and other purposes, and especially one possessing the capacity of being injected or blown in the form of spray or iquid into a combustion chamber or retort, where it may be ignited either separately or in combination with air or steam or the products of combus tion from solid carbonaceous material, or a combination of two or more of these substances; to which end our improvement consists in combining with'a liquid hydrocarbon,
- a solid carbonaceous material such as coal, charcoal, coke, shale, or other equivalent well-known substances
- powder preferably animpalpable powder
- This powder we intimately commingle with any of the well-known suitable liquid hydrocarbons, preferably such as those obtained from the distillation of coal, the residuum of the distillation of petroleum, or the crude petroleum itself, by stirring them in a tank, or by passing them through a revolving vessel provided with means for agitating and commingling the substances.
- suitable liquid hydrocarbons preferably such as those obtained from the distillation of coal, the residuum of the distillation of petroleum, or the crude petroleum itself
- This mixture may be made either at the mines, oil-wells, or refineries, or at the point where the fuel is to be used.
- the most economical plan, however, and the one we prefer, is to distill the tar from the coal at the mines, and mix it with the powdered carbonaceous material before shipment.
- any tendency of the solid carbonaceous material to settle could be obviated by agitating the fuel in well-known ways before using it; or any tendency to congelation could be obviated by heat applied in well-known ways for instance, by passing heated air or steam or hot water through a coil of pipes in the reservoir or receptacle.
- This fuel can be supplied to the combustion chamber in many well-known ways.
- the artificial liquid fuel hereinbefore de- 1 GEO.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OEEroE.
HERBERT B. SMITH, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, AND HARVEY M. MUNSELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.
IMPROVEMENT IN LIQUID FUELS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 219,181, dated September 2, 1879; application filed February 24, 1879.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that we, HERBERT B. SMITH, of Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, and HARVEY M. MUNsELL, of the city, county, and State of New York, jointly have discovered or invented a new and useful Liquid Fuel, of which the following is a specification.
- The object of our invention is to produce a cheap, economical, elfective, and easily-manipulated liquid fuel for use in steam-boiler furnaces, gas manufacture, metallurgic operations, and other purposes, and especially one possessing the capacity of being injected or blown in the form of spray or iquid into a combustion chamber or retort, where it may be ignited either separately or in combination with air or steam or the products of combus tion from solid carbonaceous material, or a combination of two or more of these substances; to which end our improvement consists in combining with'a liquid hydrocarbon,
such as coal-tar or petroleum, solid carbonaceous material in the' 'fbTfi of powder, so that the two may be intimately commingled, and yet retain a liquid form.
To carry out the object of our invention, we
reduce a solid carbonaceous material, such as coal, charcoal, coke, shale, or other equivalent well-known substances, to powder, preferably animpalpable powder, by grinding or crushing, in any of the-well-known ways now in vogue. This powder we intimately commingle with any of the well-known suitable liquid hydrocarbons, preferably such as those obtained from the distillation of coal, the residuum of the distillation of petroleum, or the crude petroleum itself, by stirring them in a tank, or by passing them through a revolving vessel provided with means for agitating and commingling the substances. Such apparatus, being well known in' the art, needs no description here.
This mixture may be made either at the mines, oil-wells, or refineries, or at the point where the fuel is to be used. The most economical plan, however, and the one we prefer, is to distill the tar from the coal at the mines, and mix it with the powdered carbonaceous material before shipment.
Any tendency of the solid carbonaceous material to settle could be obviated by agitating the fuel in well-known ways before using it; or any tendency to congelation could be obviated by heat applied in well-known ways for instance, by passing heated air or steam or hot water through a coil of pipes in the reservoir or receptacle.
It is difficult to give the proper relative proportion of the solid and liquid material, as it would" depend somewhat upon temperature, the character of the material used, and the purpose for which it was intended; but we prefer to use equal parts of liquid and powdered material, or, as a guide, to put into the liquid so much of the powdered carbonaceous material as it will absorb and yet retain its liquid or viscid condition.
It is obvious that insome conditions the fuel might become almost solid; but it can be readily liquefied by the application of heat, as above mentioned.
This fuel can be supplied to the combustion chamber in many well-known ways. The va rious forms of apparatus patented in this country bySilas 0. Salisbury, of New York city, are well adapted for this purpose, and embody the forms which we deem best as the result of experiment.
We are aware that many kinds of artificial fuel have been used composed of a liquid hydrocarbon commingled with a solid carbonaceous material in the form of blocks; but such material is obviously incapable of being used in metallurgic operations or blown into a furnace through an injector. We are also aware that powdered carbonaceous materialhas been blown into a combustion-chamber; but such fuel has been found unsuitable for certain metallurgic operations-such, for instance, as the manufacture of iron-as the granules of fuel become embedded in the metal and deteriorate its quality. We are also aware that liquid hydrocarbon has been injected into a furnace by said Salisbury and others, and therefore make no claim to such a fuel. But, so far as our knowledge extends, we believe ourselves to be the first to use an artificial liquid fuel composed of a liquid hydrocarbon with carbonaceous material in the form of powder inti mately mixed therewith.
The advantages of such afuel arevery great,
as it is obviously much cheaper than the same scribed, consisting of carbonaceous material bulk of liquid hydrocarbon, and the particles in the form of powder intimately mixed with of the powder present so large a surface to the a liquid hydrocarbon.
action of the incandescent materials in the fur- In testimony whereof we have hereunto subnace as to produce rapid combustion and chemiscribed our names. cal assimilation of the elements therein enr HERBERT It. SMITH. ployed, and the fuel is portable and readily i HARVEY M. MUNSELL. manipulated. WVitnesses:
We claim as our invention WM. '1. PAYNE,
The artificial liquid fuel hereinbefore de- 1 GEO. A. SAXER.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US219181A true US219181A (en) | 1879-09-02 |
Family
ID=2288582
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US219181D Expired - Lifetime US219181A (en) | Improvement in liquid fuels |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US219181A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2423913A (en) * | 1943-11-10 | 1947-07-15 | Sun Oil Co | Composite fuel and method of preparation |
US2633332A (en) * | 1946-11-08 | 1953-03-31 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Flame process |
US4265637A (en) * | 1980-01-16 | 1981-05-05 | Conoco, Inc. | Process for preparing blending fuel |
-
0
- US US219181D patent/US219181A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2423913A (en) * | 1943-11-10 | 1947-07-15 | Sun Oil Co | Composite fuel and method of preparation |
US2633332A (en) * | 1946-11-08 | 1953-03-31 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Flame process |
US4265637A (en) * | 1980-01-16 | 1981-05-05 | Conoco, Inc. | Process for preparing blending fuel |
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