US219090A - Improvement in coal-mining machines - Google Patents

Description

. sweets-sheen. J. W. HARRISON. Goal-Mining"Machine.

\ Patented sept. 2,1879.

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NPETER$, PHOTQ-UTOGRAPHER, WASHINGTGN. D. C.

Jyw. HARRISON. Coal-Mining Machine.

tent'ed Sept. 2,1879.

l II

HER, WASH UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JONATHAN w. HARnrsoN, or WAYNE, MICH., AssIeNon To JoHN J. HARRI- SON AND ORANGE BUTLER,

OF SAME PLAGE, ON E-THIRD TO EACH.

IMPROVEMENT INv COAL-MINING MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 219,090,`dated September' 2, 1879; application filed October 21, 1878.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, J oNATHAN W. HARRI- SON, of Wayne, in the county of WVayne and State ot' Michigan, have invented a new and Improved Coal-Mining Machine, of which the following is a specification.

My machine isV constructed with a drill'or pick of peculiar construction, having a concave end and an octagonal bodyand concave faces, and receiving alongitudinal reciprocating motion by means of a piston working in a horizontal cylinder and driven by compressed air or steam, which is admitted to the ends of the cylinder alternately by means ot' either a rotary or reciprocating valve driven by a" double rotary engine consisting of a pair oi' ec centrics coupled together, so as to stop and start atany point, and governed by two slidevalves, held down by air or steam, as is usual with steam-enginevalves. The motion of the machine is regulated by a throttle, operated by a lever 011 the end of the valve-chest. A hand-wheel is mounted on the shaft of the coupled eccentrics for starting them. In each end ot' the cylinder is a rubber cushion, that inthe forward end, through which the pistonrod carrying the pick works, being annular, and fitting over a nose projecting inward from the cylinder-head, and screw-threaded to secure the rubber cushion, the front face ofthe piston being recessed to receive said nose. The inner portion of the piston-rod may be round; but the outer part is of square, octagon, or other non-circular shape, and works through a guiding-sleeve fitted to rotate on the front cylindenhead, and provided with a pinion to rotate it, by means of a cogged seg- Vment mounted on a rod extending back to the rear ofthe machine, and bent in the form of a hand-lever, for the purpose of turning the drill or pick, so that 4its cutting-blade may be in either a vertical or horizontal plane, as required.4 y

The machine is mounted on wheels formed with ratchet=teeth and held bypawls, so as to secure the machine against backward movement when working on an inclined surface. It is provided with handles similar to those of a plow or hand-truck, by which it may be readilymoved from place to place and pushed up to its work. It is made double, it preferredthat is,with two cylinders, placed side by side and workin g their drills alternately.

In order that my invention may be moreV fully understood, I will proceed to describe it` with reference to the accompanying drawings, in Which Figure l is a plan of the machine with the extremities omitted. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the center of one of' the cylin- .c

of the guiding rod and sleeve. Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the pick on the line 5 5.

O C are a pair of cylinders, mounted side by side on carrying-wheelsWW, which are formed with ratchet-teeth w fw, to enable the wheels to be locked against backward motion by means of lever-pawls I I, fulcrumed on the handles H H, `by means of which the machine is advanced to its work as required.

A represents one of the improved piekpoints, mounted on a square orother non-circular rod, R, attached to the piston I), one of hch pistons works in each of the cylinders rIhe cutting-face a of the pick is of concave shape, as shown, forming two prominent points. The upper and lower sides, c a', of the piek are formed with cuttingedges or sharp angles, to adapt the tool to cut its way into the surface of the wall or top of the exea vation in such a manner as to effectua'lly prevent the deflection of the tool out of its proper line of cut by the contact of such surface even after the projecting points of the cutting-face have become slightly worn.

The portion ofthe rod R outside or beyond the stuffing-box ot the cylinder-head C has the square section indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, or other non-circular shape, so that it may be guided in a box, E, of corresponding shape,

formed to receive it in the extremity of the revolving tubular .nose F.

A convenient mode of securing the nose F to the cylinder-head'O, and at the same time permitting its rotation, is shown in Fig. 2, the base of the nose being constructed with a fe- 2 Maceo male screw fitting a screw-threaded boss, cl,

on the cylinder-head; and on the exterior of turned as far as possible in one direction the double-pointed pick will work in a vertical plane, and when turned as far as possible in the. other direction in a horizontal plane.

The piston P isv cushioned at the eXtremi ties of its stroke by rubber disks l) D', the

cushion D, through which the piston-rod must work, being annular, and secured upon an inwardly-projecting boss, c2, threaded to receive and hold it, the forward face ofthe piston be ing recessed to pass over said nose. The steam or compressed air to work the piston P `reaches the ends of the cylinder through ports p19', under control of either a rotary or a slide valve, V, worked by double eccentrics J J, keyed to its `shaft 1J, and working in a cylinder, K, and constituting a double rotary en gine, which is driven by the same power which p works the-pistons P. The cylinder K is double,

being divided by a partition, L, and rotary head M, to admit of mounting the eccentrics at an angle to each other. so as to avoid deadcenters.. y

N Nv are the sliding abutments, bearing on the peripheries of the eccentrics J J', as in rotary engines.

O O are the steam-chests of the valve-driving engine J J K, and Q Q throttles to control the admission of steam or air thereto.

U U are pipes admitting steam or air to the main valve-chests V. u u are cocks-or throttles controlling said pipes.

Y is a hand-wheel, mounted on the end of the valve-shaft c, for starting the machine.

If it be preferred to use a slide-valve instead of the rotary valve V here represented, said slide-valve will be worked by a crank or eccentric on the shaft o, in customary manner.

The particular construction of drill or pick herein shown and describedthat is to say, with a crescent-shaped double-pointedvworking extremity and Octagon concave-faced body-gives it great strength and stiffness, and at the same time adapts it to work with freedom .and good effect in deep holes.

In my Letters Patent No. 198,610, granted the 25th of December, 1877, I described a pick constructed with a concave end and held in acertain plane by a guiding-nose. `I have found, in practice, that the pick therein described failed to operate with good success by reason of the faulty construction of its sides, the result being that the point or corner which was ex-A posed to wear against the drifting surface rapidly became rounded, and a converging cut was the unavoidable result, rendering the pick practically inoperative, because it would not cut in a straight line or plane.

By my present improvement I form the pick with sharp edges, as illustrated in Figs. 3, 4,

and 5, as well as with a sharp concave face.'

This improvement accomplishes with perfect success the object of running the cut in a direct horizontal or vertical plane., as may be desired, the sharp edge eifectually preventing the deiiection of the pick, even when the corner has become slightly worn.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as newtherein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. The combination, with a suitable pick, ot" the piston P, the cylinder (j, the valve V, and the doubleeccentric engine E E', for operating the said valve.

2. The combination of the piston P, recessed as described, the cylinder-head C', provided with inwardl ro'ectino nose c2 and the cushion D, secured on said internal nose, as cxplained.

3. The combination, with the pick A, of the non-circular rod R, the revolving guide-slt eve E, gearing F, and shaft S, as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination, in a coal or rock drill! ing machine, of the toothed carrying-wheels W, the holdin g-pawls, and the handles H, sub-v stantially as and for the purposes set fort-h.

5. rI he pick A, constructed with a concave cutting-face, a, and with cutting-edges a a at its upper and lower sides, in combination with the guiding-rod R and box or sleeve E, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

JONATHAN W. HARRISON.

Witnesses:

HIRAM WIGHTMAN, ELMIRA WIGH'rMAN.

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