US2189880A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 13, 1940. V K, B U G V 2,189,880

LOCK Filed May 2, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

" y WW5 Feb. 13, 1940. K, c, BUGS 2,189,880

LOCK I 8 Filed May 2, 1938 2 Shets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

Kan/ 5y 6. 323429 MMWM Patented F b. 13, 1940 "yumm-,sm'rss [PATENT OFFICE r a LOCK Kenly O. Farmington, Mo. Application May 2, 1938} Serial "No; 205,645 24 Claims. 01. io-zss) 'This invention pertains to locking mechanism,

wherein the operation maybe effected through,

and more particularly to combination locks. It is an object of this invention to provide ,a sightless combination lock wherein at least a part of the operating mechanism is positively positioned in a predetermined position forone direction of its movement.

Another object is to provide acombination lock wherein the Combination is exactly determined for controlling the operating mechanismjflof the lock in one direction of rotation only. Unauthorized operation, or movement in an unpredetermined direction serves to render the operation of the combination impossible l v I Still another objectis to provide a combination lock utilizing track or maze members, at least one of which is capable of moving a plurality of members in a predetermined sequence for perfecting operation of the lock.

A further object is to provide a sightless combination lock susceptible, of immediately and positively positioning the look at zero position, and

thesense of sound or feeling.

A still further object is to provide a sightless combination lock which depends upon the touch or sound to determine the proper operation of the look, but will only register by touch or sound in one direction of operation.

and, unless so operated, is conditioned to disrupt thesequence of operation, making it necessary to zeroize the lock andthereafter perform the completecorrect combination before the lock can be opened. Another difierent object of theinvention is to provide a combination lock adapted to,

be zeroized in such a manner that at least one of the operating members is attracted to a predeter mined position.

A further different object is to provide a lock herein a secondary movementis neces'saryfor operation of the lock.

With'these and various other objects in view,

- the invention may consist of certain novel features of construction and operation as will be more fully described and particularly pointed out in the specification, drawings and claims appended hereto. l I e In the drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the device and wherein like reference characters areused to designate like parts i Figure 1 is an enlarged sectional elevation through adjacent relatively movable andStationmy members, as a doorand associated jamb;

A different object is to provide a lock which can i only be operated, in a predetermined, sequence showing in side elevation'a form of lock embodying the invention in locked position;

Figure an an end elevation of the striker or cam and one of the track'members of the'lock shown in Figure 1, the same looking toward the left as viewed in said figure; H

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional elevation taken substantially in the plane of the longitudinal center line of certain parts of the lock shown in Figure 1, showing certain movable elements in zero position, and the striker or looking member in locked position, the section through the track membersbeing takensubstantially in the plane as indicated by the line 3-3 of Figure 4; Figure 4 is an enlarged transverse sectional,

elevation taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 44 of Figure 3;

tothat shown in Figure 5;

Figure 8 is an elevation partly in section of the maze illustrated in Figure l, the section being taken substantially in the plane as indicated by line 8-8 of Figure 7; l I

Figure-'9 isan enlarged side elevation of a modi fied form of lock assembly; I e

Figure 10 is an end elevation of thelockillustrated in Figure 9, the same looking toward the left as viewed in said figure;

Figure 11 is a longitudinal sectional elevation through certain parts of the lock illustrated in Figures!) and 10, the same'being taken substantially in the plane as indicated'by the line 1 1-4 I Figure 12 is atransverse sectional elevation showing the maze of the lock illustrated in FiglllES 9, 10 and 11,'the same being taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line, 12-12 of Figure 11, X This application is a continuation-in-partof Patent No. 2,116,0l1,granted May 3, 1938, to-the inventor herein, Kenly C. Bugg, for Lock.

Referring first of all more particularly to the lock shown in Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, the lock is shown as applied, for example, to a cabinet. I In this construction the lock 40 is fixedly supported,

preferablyon a movable part 42 of a cabinet adja cent a stationary part 44 of said cabinet in such a v shoulder and the member :22.

, ably mounted on the shouldered portion 19.

position that when fully locked the striker (looking member, cam or bolt) 46 of the lock will overlap a portion of the stationary member M, as the striker plate n, to prevent movement of the movable part 52 toward the left or to open position as viewed in Figure l.

The lock consists essentially of a casing or barrel 48 provided at one end with a shoulder 50 providing a backing or engaging means for the plate 52 which is adapted to be disposed between the A portion of the casing is threaded as'at 55 for receiving fastening means such as the nut 56, which is adapted to. position the lock when applied to the threaded portion 54. A plate 58 is preferably disposed between the member 42 and the nut 56 and is suitsaid lock, and is provided with the spaced shoulders or stops G2 and adapted to provide limiting means for the stop 56 provided on the striker 46whereby the strikercan only be moved a predetermined amount, which in the construction 11- lustrated is ninety degrees. The casing is provided with an elongated aperture 68 extending therethrough and terminating at the operating end of the lock in a shouldered portion .18, said shouldered portion being provided with a-slot 72 insubstantial alignment with the stopv 62.

The revoluble member (sleeve or cylinder). M extends through the elongated aperture 68,lbeing rotatably mounted in'the casing, said revoluble member being provided with the flange l6 rotat- Said member M extends through the casing, and is provided with the elongatedcentrally disposed aperture 18 terminating adjacent the inner end thereof with the threaded portion 89. The striker 4% is mounted on the projection 82, preferably elongated in plan in order to prevent relative ro-. tation' between thestriker it and the revoluble member '54, and said striker is retained in place by the inner track member, guiding member or maze 85, said maze having an inwardly projecting threaded portion 86 adapted to be received by the threaded portion 38, and when the maze is secured in its innermost position, it overlaps and forms securing means for the striker.

The opposite end of the revoluble member 14 is recessed as at 88, and the shaft 58 extends through the recess, and is revolubly mounted-with respect to the revoluble member it and'the maze 8 extending beyond said maze; The shaft is provided at one end-with the operating member or knob. 92, a portion of the operating member being jcurnaled in the casing 48, the opposite end of the shaft being provided with the shoulder or spacing members such as the balls H22 and-Hi4 of different diameters are disposed between the track members 8 5 and 96. vided with depending lugs Hi5 suitably. placed on The flange W0 is pro-- the periphery of the flange adapted to embrace and engage the striker 46 in a certain operation to be later described, whereby the striker can be turned by the knob 92.

A spring N18 is disposed in the recess 88, one end of the spring engaging the revoluble member, the other end of the spring engaging the disk 5 Hi, said disk being revolubly mounted or floating with respect to the shaft 9!} and frictionally engaging the operating knob 92, said disk being provided with the depending or protruding member or pin I 42 adapted to be received in the notch l M provided in the flange E6, the recess I I5 provided in the revoluble member l4, and the slot 12 provided in the casing, it being observed that said pin I is only received in said notch, recess and slot when the striker is in fully locked position, and

when received in said slot, recess and notch the revoluble member is held fixed with respect to the casing. Thus the spring H33, which is of the exposed relative to each other to give this combination, one of the tracks terminating in a depression H5 of a proper size to receive the large ball I82, another of the tracks terminating in the depression H8 to receive the small ball HM, whereby when said'balls are properly received the knob 92, the'shaft 90, and thetrack member 96 are permitted to move toward the left as viewed in Figure 1 toa position wherein the lugs I96 may engage the sides of the striker, or receiving means provided thereon, permitting operation of the striker, it being observed that when. this movement toward the left takes place, the pin H2 is withdrawn from the slot 12 to permit ;movement of said. striker. When movement from the fully locked position causes the pin H2 to be placed above the shouldered portion Hi of the casing whereby it will be impossible to When the lock is returned to fully locked position, bodily movement, or movement of translation of the shaft 90 toward the right, causes the shoulder 94 to move the balls 12-104 out of their depressions 6-! [8 where they will immediately fall to-the lowermost or zero position, after which it will be necessary to operate the lock in its set or predetermined combination before it can be again unlocked.

During operation of the lock, in the event a mistake is made in the combination, it can be immediately zeroiz'ed by moving the operating member toward the right as viewed in said figure, releasing the frictional engagement between the balls and the track members which permit the balls to fall to the lowermost or zero position.

As stated above, the lock shown is adapted to operate on a 3-5-4-1 combination. While the majorityof the mazes shown herein are shown and described as provided with track members 1 which take the form of depressions, it is of course understood that raised portions may be provided j of a'character complementary'to the depressions. The track or maze 84, as viewed from the zero and fully lock position, is provided with the first track I20, the second track I22, each extending inwardly a sufiicient distance toaccommodate the outermost paths of the balls, and their second its sequence of operation in the combination: The third track I24 is .adapted to receive the- (larger) ball, and as the lock is set for a movement of the shaft in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figure 4, if the movement is reversed,

that is, if movement of the shaft 90 is'in a clockwise direction, the larger ball I02 will move inwardly to a position determined, by the inner end of the track I24. rotate the track 90 in a counterclockwise direction causes the larger ball to move'over the tracks set in a reverse direction, as was track I24, being provided with the portion I36 disposed in a peripheral direction so that the correct combination is set up. That is, in the lock shown it is impossible, with the portion I36, to count from zero to eight, and operate through the second path of movement. Likewise, this forms a trap for the halls, if the combination is attempted to be felt,

operating from zero and in a clockwise direction.

Again reversing the movement ofthe (member 80, orthe shaft 00, atthe track I30 causes the large ball to move inwardly to its third path of movement, whereupon the shaft 00 and the disk 96 are again moved in a counterclockwise direc tion to move the large ball in its third path of movement into the track I38, where it is directed into the depression H651 When the large ball falls into the depression I'IG, one audible sound is made. At that time the member'QS picks up the small ball which has remained in its zero or lowermost position, for the second count of the third number, that is, four. The small 'ball is then moved over the tracks I20--I22 to the track I24, whereupon reversal of movement of the shaft 90 causes the small ball to move inwardly to its second path of movement. Again moving the shaft 90 in a counterclockwise direction, the ball is moved'to the inwardly directing track I26, at which track the ball is moved inwardly toward the center by reversing the shaft 90 to a clockwise direction, whereupon .a counterclockwise movement will cause the small ball to move into the depression H3, thevspring I08 tending to move the knob 92 outwardly or towardthe left to permit the lugs I00 to engage the striker 4? In the event that the lock is not operated correctly, that is,.,if .reversal of movement 'ofthe shaft .90 occurs before the propernumber of tracks have been passed, or before the balls have moved their proper distances in the sequence of operation of said balls, such reversal will cause the ball then moving to move outwardly, whereupon the lock must be zeroized before the cornbination can be performed.

It is to be noted that with this construction it is not necessary to provide circular tracks for the ball, asthe ball will roll in a true circle .in

Reversal of the shaftto again manner;

the constructionillustratedso that expensive cir cular tracks are obviated. It will also be notedthat when the balls are in their zeroposition such as illustrated in Figure 4 there is a threepoint'contacs between oneof the balls, the maze 84, the plane surface of the disk 96, and the flange I00 of said disk. Sucha three-point contact can be relieved, thus eliminating wear on the ball and any telltale squeak by terminating the-outer ends of the tracks (I20I 22---! 24) portion I 40 of the track I26; and tracks I 28-'-I30- HZ-436 short, or inwardly, of the periphery of themaze 84, or in other words, such tracks are terminated so that when the balls enter the first track I20 they will move slightly away from the flange. Having once been moved away from the flange there will just bea contact between the ball then'in operation, the maze 84 and the plane surface of the disk 96.

I The maze illustrated "in Figures 5 and 6 is shown'for use with a single ball type of lock such as illustrated in said Patent No. 2,116,011, butit is single ball look. In order to prevent the inertia ofthe ball in dropping from a high point of the lock from carrying the ball to a position wherefit. may be trapped in other than zero position, a spot magnet I52 is placed adjacent the periphery of the maze and at. the low This,

est. point thereof, that is, zero position.

The tracks I50 are so I spot magnet will ,quickly arrest movement Of the ball and. insure the starting of the lock at zero position. In adapting the useof the positioning means in theform of the spot magnetto the maze illustratedin Figure 4, said maze 84 is preferably provided with the elongatedspot mag-H 7 net I53 disposedbetween the first track I20 and the track I34 in a position preferably at the lowest or zero point of said maze whereby when the lock is zeorizediby moving .the knob '92 shown in Figure 3 inwardly the balls. I02 and I04 will immediately assume a lowermost position such as indicatedby the dotted lines illustrated in Figure Even. though the Referring now to the construction illustrated in Figures 9 to. 12 inclusivathe lock 240 ,consists essentially of the outer case member 2 12 recessed as at 264 for the reception ofcylindrical dial 246 fjo urnalled therein and adapted to be operated by the knob' 248, the dialinthis instance being plain. The inside surface 250 of the dial. is a plane surface and adapted to contact the ball 252, saidball being adapted to be rolled along the.

spaced tracks 254j 25I,- -258 in a predetermined In the instance shown, the tracks are provided with the :ridges ZBIlforprovlding, the audible sounds, the tracks being connected by last named ridge directing the ball to be received iii:a depiession 253. Inthe disposition of the ridges 260 and the connecting,ridges262-254- 26 6, said ridges are arranged in a combination means of the diagonal ridges 2i2--2I54--266, the

of 6 -6-9 inthe embodiment illustrated. When the ball is rotated to be received in the depression it in a position to contact one end of the plunger 2Tb mounted in the casing 242. The knob may then be moved inwardly to causethe plunger to operate the locking means 212. In the present instance the locking means is illustrated as the latch member 21! pivoted as at 213 to the spaced-lugs Eli; on the casing 2&2 and provided with the leg 2% adapted to be contacted by the plunger, the spring 232 urging the latch against the plunger. assembled position by being provided with the, shaft 28d which extends through the aperture provided in said casing, an enlarged bore288 being concentric with the aperture .Etfi'and receiv ing the spring 2%, said spring being disposed betweenthe casing and the assembly nut 292 whereby the surface of the dial is constantly urged into contact with the ball 252.

It is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited by the exact embodiments of the device shownwhich are merely by way of illustration and nctlimitation, as various and other forms of the d vice will of course be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the i vention or the scope of the claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a looking member, an axially movable and rotatable member extendingthrough said casing and being operatively associated with said locking member,

a disc associated with said rotatable member, a track member having guiding means thereon, a

plurality of balls disposed between said track member said disc "and adapted to be rotated in a predetermined manner by said rotatable and track members, axial movement of said rotatable member in one direction causing said balls to move to initial starting position.

2. A look comprising a casing, spaced stops and a shouldered portion thereon, a revoluble member oscillatabiy mounted in said casing having a looking member provided on one end thereof, said locking member having a stop adapted to be moved between said first named stops to limit the movement of said locking member, the opposite end of said revoluble member being recessed and having a flange overlapping said shouldered portion, a spring disposed in said recess, an operating member having a. shaft extending through said revoluble member, a track member fixed to revoluble member and having spaced depressions adjacent the center thereof, angularly disposed spaced tracks formed in said track member arranged in a predetermined sequence and position relative to each other, a second track memer secured to said shaft and having a flange overlapping said first track member and extending toward locking memben'balls of different diameter disposed between said track members, said spring urging said track members toward each" other, said locking member and said second track member having interengag'mg means adapted to be in engagement when said balls are disposed in their respective depressions to permit said locking member to be moved by said operating memher, said tracks being so constructed and arranged that when the operating member is revolved in a predetermined sequence said ball will move serially into their respective depressions, but if the operating member is not moved in said sequence the balls will move outwardly'of the track members to break the sequence of operation of the lock, longitudinal movement of said oper- The knob and dial are retained in ating member moving the balls from any position to a predetermined initial position.

3. A lock in accordance with claim 1 wherein magnetic means is disposed to position the balls in initial starting position.

4. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a locking member, an axially movable and rotatable member extending through said casing and adapted to be operatively associated with said locking member, a disc associated with said rotatable member, a track member having guiding means thereon, a ball disposed between said track member and said disc and adapted to be rotated in a predetermined manner by said rotatable and track members, axial movement of said rotatable member in one direction causing said ball to move to initial starting position, and axial movement .of said rotatable member in another direction causing operation of the locking member after said ball has been rotated in said predetermined manner.

. 5. A look in accordance with claim 2 wherein means is provided to zercize the lock in addition to gravity acting on the balls.-

6. A maze for a lock having magnetic means adapted to affect the movement of an associated lock member.

'7. A maze for a lock having magnetic means disposed in a predetermined position.

8. A maze for a lock having track means disposed in a predetermined manner, and a magnetic member disposed in a predetermined position relative to said track means.

9. A maze for a lock having track means disposed in a predetermined manner, and positioning means disposed in a predetermined position relative to said track means.

10. A- maze for a lock having spaced track means, and positioning means disposed between said spaced track means.

ll. A'member adapted to be embodied in a lock and constituting a portion of the'control mechanism of said lock, said member having magnetic means disposed in predetermined position.

12. A member adapted to be embodied in a lock and constituting a portion of the control mechanism of said lock, said member having positioning means for associated means of said control mechanism disposed in a predetermined position.

13. A member constituting a portion of the control mechanism of a 'loclr having positioning means for associated means of said control mechanism disposed in a predetermined position.

14. In a lock, thecoinbination of movable looking means, a maze member, a retaining member, movable means between said members, operating means for moving one of said members for causing predetermined movement of said movable means with respect to maze member, said maze member having means for arresting movement of said movable means after a predetermined sequence of operation of said operating means, and means for permitting operation of said locking means after a different kind of preing predetermined movement of said movable means with respect to said maze member, said maze member having means for arresting movement of said movable means after a predetermined sequence of operation of said operating ing means, operating means,ra guiding member,- a member spaced therefrom, means interposed between said members and movable with respect :thereto, said guiding member having means for registration with said slot when said last named means, and means'for permitting operation oi'. .said locking means after a difierent kind of predetermined manual movement of said operating means than the movement in said sequence 16. In a lock, the combination" of movable lockpermitting movement of said last named means infa predetermined manner, spaced means for arresting movement of said interposed means and permittingmovement of said locking means by said operating means.

17. In a lock, the combination of movable locking means, operating means, a guiding member, movable means movable with respect to said guiding member, saidguiding member having means for permitting movement of said last named means in a predetermined manner, spaced means for afiecting movement of said movable means and permitting movement of said locking means by said operating means.

18. A lock comprising a casing, spaced stops and a shouldered portion thereon, said shouldered portion having a slot in substantial align- I ment with one of said stops, a revoluble member oscillatably mounted in said casing having a lock ing member provided on one end thereoflsaid locking member having a stop adapted to be moved between said first named stops to limit the movement of said locking member, the opposite end of said revoluble member being recessed and having a flange overlapping said shouldered por tion, said 'fiange being provided with a notch in stop is in contact with one of said first named stops, a spring disposed in said recess, an operating member having a shaft extending through' said revoluble member, a disc rotatably mounted on said shaft between said flange and said operating member and frictionally urged toward said operating member by said spring, said disc having a protruding member adapted to be received means. i

in said slot and notch in one position of operation, and to be received in said notch and to ride on said shouldered portion during another operamember and having spaced ball receiving portions adjacent the center thereof, track portions forming paths formed in said track member arranged in a predetermined sequence and posidisposed in saidreceiving portions to permit said locking member to be moved by said operating member, said track portions being soconstructed and arranged that when the operating member is revolved in a predetermined sequence said balls will move into said receiving portions, but if the operating member is not moved in said sequence the balls will move to breakthe sequence of operation of the lock, longitudinal movement of said operating member moving the balls from any position to predetermined initial positions.

19.'A lock comprising a casing, spaced stops and a shouldered portion thereon, a revoluble member oscillatably mounted in said casing having a lockingmember provided on one end lthereof said locking member having *a. stopjadapted .to be moved between said first named'stop'sl to' limit themovement of said locking member, anoper ating member having a shaftextending through said revoluble member, a track memberwfixed to said revoluble member and having ball receiving portions adjacent the vcenterthereof,track portions forming apaths providedon said track :member arranged in a, predetermined;sequence and position relative; to each other,'.a second track smembe'rsecuredrto said shaft and having a flange overlapping said first track member, and extend,- ing toward said locking member, balls disposed between said track members, said locking mem ber and said second track member having inter-- engaging means adapted to be in engagement when said balls are disposed in said receiving portions to permitsaid locking member to be moved by said operating member, said track portions being so constructed and arranged that when the operating member is revolved in a predetermined sequence said balls willmove into said receiving portions, but if the operating, member is not moved in said sequence the balls will move to break the sequence of operation of the lock,

longitudinal movement of said operating member] moving the balls from any position to predetere mined initial positions. f I l 20. A look comprising a casing, a locking mem ber, a first track member thereon, a second track member spaced from saidfirst track member and having rotating means therefor, separating means including a, plurality of members disposed between said track members, receiving means for said rotating means to move saidlocking, member,

35 receiving said separating means for permitting means for causing said separating meansto be frictionally held between said track members whereby they will be moved in a predeterminedpath on said tracks, and directing means for directing movement of said separating means with respect to said receiving means according to, a predetermined operation of said rotating 21. A look comprising a. casing, a locking meniber, a first track member thereon; a second track tion, a track member fixed to said revoluble 1 member spaced from said first track member and having rotating means, therefor, separating means including a plurality of members disposed between said track members, receiving means for receiving said separating means for permitting said rotating means to move said locking member, means for causing said separatingmeans to be frictionally and serially held between said track members wherebythey will be moved serially in a predetermined path on said tracks, one of the members of said separating means being movable 9 after another of said members has, been received in said receiving means, and directingmeans for directing movement of said separating means with respect to said receiving means according means. i

22. In a lock, the combination of locking means,

operating, means, means adapted to be conditioned by said operating means to provide an operative connection between said operating means and said locking means, and means 00- operating with one of said first named means "whereby secondary movement ofsaid operating means is necessary to operate said locking means.

23. In a lock, the combination of locking means, operating means, operative means disposed be tween said locking means and operating; means 'adapted to beconditioned to provide an operative connection between said operating means and I said locking means, said operative means including means movable in a predetermined sequence to establishsaid connection, and'means cooperating with one of said first named means whereby secondary movement of said operating means is necessary to operatesaid locking means;

24. In a lock, the combination of a movable locking member, operating means adapted to move said locking member, operating mechanism interposed between said locking member and said operating means, said mechanism including a pair of relatively movable track members, movement of one of said members being controlled by said operating means, track means for one of said track members providing a predetermined path}

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