US2187797A - Atomizer nozzle - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 23, 1940.

ATOMI ZER NOZZLE Filed Feb. 1, 1939 rlc j-l.

fl fl Fades chi INVENTOR ATTORNEY.

Patented Jan. 23, 1940 v 2,187,797 "ATOMIZERNQZZI'JEI; I

Achille Tedeschi, Milan, Italy, assignor to Jo s eph I Ciocher, Guttenberg, N. J. i

Applica'tionFebruary 1, 1939, 1 Serial No; 253,998

Italy September 26, 1938 2 Claims. (01499- 118 My invention relates to atomizer nozzles and, more particularly, to atomizer nozzles for use in oil burners and the like. I Oneobject of my invention is-to provide an I? atomizer nozzle in which a very fine atomization of heavy fuels, as naphtha and the like; is obtained. i

Another object of the invention is to produce a nozzle, from which the fuel is discharged by centrifugal force and the cross-section of the fuel discharge orifice is defined by the speed and pressure of the rotating fuel. Still another object of the invention is to provide a nozzle in which the fuel is led to tangential channels and the centrifugal force of the rotating fuel is utilized to adjust the orifice to optimum conditions.

I accomplish these and other objects which will become apparent as the specification proceeds, by the arrangement andcombination of elements set forth in the following detailed description, defined in the appended claims and illustratively exemplified in the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal central section through a nozzle according to my invention, and

Figs. 2 and 3 show a detail in longitudinal section and in front view, respectively.

In the drawing, I denotes a hollow cylindrical member provided with a fuel admission port 2. A closure cap 3 is screwed onto therear end of the member I. A disc 6 including a tubular rear portion is inserted into the forward end of the cylindrical member I, said tubular portion supporting and having rearwardly projecting l a cylindrical filter therefrom into the member 4 provided with a closed bottom and fuel orifices '5. The disc 6 is provided with a central axial and spaced from the 1, communicating with bore 6a and parallel to latter with two passages the interior of filter 4. Tangential channels 1 cut into the outer surface of the disc 6 communicate with the passages 1 and are designed to impart to the fuel a rapid rotating motion. A cover plate 8 is applied to the outer surface of the disc 6. The cover plate 8 is provided with a central conical spray orifice 9 of outwardly continually increasing diameter. The whole nozzle tip is held together by means of a nut' l0 provided with a large central opening II and being screwed onto the front end of the cylindrical member I. The spray orifice 9 is controlled by a valve comprising a valve stem l3 passing through the spray orifice 9, the central bore 6a of the disc 6 and a corresponding hole the orifice through I in the" bottom of the fi1ter4. The valve stem l3 has a diameter less than the smallest diameter'of said conical 'orifice 9 and carries on its front'end a valve head 12, said valve head having a knife edge and a plane inner'surface per pendicular to the axis of the valve of a diameter" exceeding the smallest diameter and being less than the greatest diameter-of the conical orifice 9. The valve stern It carries mounted on its inner end a spring seat l4. A coilspri'ng it which surrounds the valve stem l3 extends between the spring seat I4 and the closed bottom of filter 4 so as to hold the Valve head l2 normally in closed position with respect to the orifice 9. The spring 15 serves simultaneously to retain the filter 4 in its position-with respect to thedisc 6. t.

The closure cap 3 is provided with a threaded central bore 3a and a threaded rod I1 is screwed into and passes through said bore 311. The outer end of the rod I1 is provided with a hand-Wheel I6 and its inner end is adapted to abut against the inner end of the valve stem I3 and to displace the. latter against the action of the coil spring l5 when the rod is turned to advance into the cylindrical member. s I v The described nozzle structure operates aS follows:

Fuel enters the member i through the port 2 and passes through the apertures 5 and passages 1 into the tangential channels I. The fuel, upon leaving the tangential channels 1, rotates at high speed and rises along the conical wall of the orifice 9 owing to its own centrifugal energy; Theaxial component of this centrifugal force acts at right angles on the inner plane surface of the valve head l2 and opens the valve against the action of the spring l5 sufliciently to allow discharge of a fuel film. The thickness of the emerging fuel film is determined by the speed and pressure of the rotating fuel itself in such a, manner as to effect a. complete and efficient atomization of the fuel under all circumstances. r i

If it is desired to supply to the burners a greater amount of fuel thanthat discharged by the automatic adjustment of the nozzle, the valve may be temporarily opened by means of the hand wheel I6 and'rod l1.

The valve according to the invention can be easily dismounted and cleaned by simply unscrewing the nut l0, whereupon the parts 4, 6 and 8 together with the valve stem l3 and the spring l5 can be removed from the cylinder member I as a unit.

I claim:

1. An atomizer nozzle for liquid fuel as naphtha and the like, comprising a nozzle having an axial bore therein and including a tip provided with at least one tangential channel and with a central conical spray orifice of outwardly continuously increasing diameter, means for supplying fuel to the outer end of said tangential channel, a valve stem passingthrough said axial bore and said spray orifice and having a diameter less than the smallest diameter of the latter, a valve head on the outer end of said valve stem, said valve head having a knife edge-and a plane inner surface perpendicular to the axis of the valve and of a diameter exceeding the smallest diameter and being less than the greatest diameter of said conicalorifice, and, resilient, means to urge said valve head against the-wall.

of said conical orifice, whereby the valve opens under the pressure of the liquid to be atomized;

2, An atomizer nozzle for liquid, fuel, comprising a hollow cylindrical member for receiving the fuel, a. closure cap on one end of said-memberv having an axial threaded bore therein, a disc closing the other end of saidmember; said disc being provided with an axial. bore, tangential channels cut into its outer face, and passages, con.- necting the outer, ends of said channels, with the interior of said cylindrical member, a cover plate applied to the outer face of said disc and being provided with a central conical spray orifice of outwardly continuously increasing diameter, a valve stem passing through said spray orifice and axial bore of said disc and terminating within said cylindrical member, said valve stem having a diameter less than the smallest diameter of said conical orifice, a valve head on the outer end of said valve stem, said valve head having a knife edge and a plane inner surface perpendicular to the axis of the valve of a diameter exceeding the smallest diameter and being less than the greatest diameter of said conical orifice, a coil spring disposed in said cylindrical member and surrounding said valve stem, one end of said coilspr-ing, being supported on said disc, the otherend being associated with said valve stem, and a threaded rod, screwed into and passing through the threaded bore in said closure cap into saidcylindrical member, the inner end of said rod being adapted to abut against the inner end of the valve stemv and to displace the latter against the action of, said coil spring when the-rod is turned-to advance into the cylindrical member.

ACHILLE TEDESCHI.

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