US2187623A

US2187623A - Draw-works for rotary drilling apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2187623A
Application number: US145348A
Authority: US
Inventors: August R Maier
Original assignee: Oil Well Supply Co
Current assignee: Oil Well Supply Co
Priority date: 1937-05-28
Filing date: 1937-05-28
Publication date: 1940-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 1957-01-16

Description

Jan. 16, 1940. A. R. MAIER DRAW-WORKS FOR ROTARY DRILLING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 28, 1937 INVENTOR, BY ucasr/l? MME/P.

ZM MATTORNEYS Jan. 16, 1940. A. R* MAIER 2,187,523

DRAW-WORKS FOR ROTARY DRILLING APlARATS l Filed May 28, 1937 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Qi INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYJI Jan. 16, 1940.

A. R. MAIER 2,187,623

DRAW-WORKS FOR ROTARY DRILLING APPARATUS Filed May 28. 1937` 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 lNvENToR. Ausl/.sr A?. MA /E/a BY 2 9g 74 ATTORNEY .5'

Jan. 16, 1940. A. R. MAIER y 2,187,623

DRAw-woRKs FOR ROTARY DRILLING APPARATUS Filed May 28, 1937 5 sheets-sheet 4 .iii-Y: l f f #ww 5g) l|| n O QJ l l @w lf3 4\ 3 w Opl." (MO O .,r- O M A 1f N l Y z Y l I i V 1 n CQ l ,I i x i A D i 1 12 i N l 1 s O 1 R 1 1 F 1 l Q Q 'ff Qil E 1"" D Il D L l H? n n lllll Il ll ll ll Il ll ll ll ll H ll lh Il Il Hl 'su n O Q m Q1 l h O J* g) oo \&

R m b N Y \r GQ INVENTOR.

AUGUST E. MA1/ER.

i 3% ATTORNEY Jan. 16, 1940. A. R, MAIER 2,187,623

DRAW-WORKS FOR ROTARY DRILLING APPARATUS 'led May 28, 1937 5 sheeizs-sheeI 5 {yl-M ATTORNEYJ Patented Jan.. 16,1940

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE alsmzs naAw-woaxs ron no'rAaY Damme APPARATUS Augustl B. Maier, Dallas, Tex., assignor to )il Well Supply Company, Dallas, Tex., a corporation of New Jersey Application my 2s, 1931, sei-a1 No, 145,348 s claims. (ci. ssi-rsi) ing at the bottom of the well. The drill stem is o lifted or hoisted by a prime mover or power source l0 through a draw-works and hoisting drum. The rotarymay be driven from the same source of power. The hoisting drum is so connected to the driving means through the draw-works that it' can be rotated at various selected speeds, while l5 the rotary may be driven at a different speed or speeds. v .i Draw-works heretofore used have usually beenv of two types. In one type there is a drum shaft on which the drum is mounted and a line shaft B0 from which it is driven at one of' three diiferent speeds by three selective chain drives. Draw,Y works of this type requires three posts to support the sprockets of the chain drives, and this limits the number of speeds'to three. This limitation 2l to three speeds is a disadvantage inasmuch as at times four drum shaft speeds are desired. Moreover, the draw-works is bulky to handle, to transport and to operate. Also it requires align@ ing of three supporting posts for the shafts and 80 this is. at times, diillcult under the conditionsI existing in the temporarily erected drilling rig.

In the other type. of draw-works three shafts are provided and are mounted on two supporting posts.V With this construction four speeds are W available.- However, one of the shafts isgpositioned at a higher altitude than the others and the driving sprocket chains must, therefore, extend upwardly. Consequently, as the chains wear they tend to ride the crest of the sprocket teeth when the load on the drum shaft is heavy and may then drop of! the crest of the teeth with a sudden, severe shock tothe shaft that may result in kinking the latter. N

These 'various disadvantages are obviatedin the draw-works of my present invention in which four drum shaft speedsl mayjbe obtained in a' draw-works. having two driving shafts, and in which the entire draw-works may be a compact 5 that may be moved from one location to -another as a unit and, therefore, without the necessity of a troublesome setting up and aligning of various parts.v

The various features of the invention are illus- 5| trated in the accompnyins drawings, in whichng a preferred frm of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section immediately above the base of the draw-works showing the support- Fig. 1 is a planview of a draw-worksl embodymg structure and 'clutch shifting mechanism. .s

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the draw-works `taken from the left of Flgfl.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on the line 6 4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken on the line l0 5-5 of Fig. 3, and

Fig. 6 is a vertical cross section through the drum shaft and supporting structure.

In'the draw-Works of my present invention power is'received from a prime mover by a line l5' shaft'and transmitted directly to. the shaft of a hoisting Means are provided whereby power may be transmitted to the line shaft at -either of two selected speeds and may, in'turn, be

transmitted from' the line shaft to the drum shaft 20 at.two relative speeds for eachv speed ofthe line shaft. Accordingly but two driving chains and two sprocket wheels are required on the drum shaft-and consequently only two supporting posts or bearingsare required. However, four speeds 254 vided for the usual purposes and driven from the line shaft. This shaft may be located above the level of the line and drum shafts, and its position and function have nothing todo with the present invention. l

.The various shafts are mounted on a rigid structural base which carriestwo bearings for each of the shafts. In this supporting base the bearing supports are rigidly mounted in fixed relative positions so that they are always in alignment.

Referring more particularly Vto the accompanying drawings, the draw-works comprisesa line shaft il on which are rotatably supported a. pair of sprocket wheels Il and I2 driven by means of chains Il and Il, respectively, and rigidly secured to clutch elements I 5 and Il, respectively.

lsitherofthesprocketivhleelsilorllmaybelg` clutched to the shaft I by means of sliding clutch elements I1 and I8 which are slidably keyed on the shaft so that they may slide into and out of engagement with the clutch elements I5 and I6.'

Also rotatably'mounted on the shaft I0 are sprocket wheels I9 and 2l) provided, respectively, with clutchI elements 2| and 22 which may be engaged by

clutch elements

23 and 24 slidably keyed on' the shaft I0. The sprocket wheels and I2 are of different diameters so that different speeds are imparted to the line shaft I0 when one or the other of them is clutched thereto, thus making this line shaft a two speed shaft.

The sprocket wheel I9 is connected by means of a chain 2| to a sprocket wheel 22 on a drum shaft 23. The sprocket 22 of the drum shaft is provided with a clutch element 24 and is rotatably mountedA on the drum shaft 23. It may be clutched to the shaft 23 by means of a clutch element 25 slidably keyed thereon and movable into and out of engagement with the clutch element 24. The sprocket wheel 20 is Vconnected by means of a chain 26 to a sprocket wheel 21 rigidly mounted on the drum shaft 23. The speed relation between the sprockets I9 and 22 is different from that between the sprockets 20 and 21 so that the drum shaft may be given two speeds for each lspeed of the line shaft, or a total of four speeds wheel to a sprocket wheel 31 fixed on the shaft 34.

The shaft I0 is supported near its ends in

bearings

39 and 39 and the drum shaft 23 is supported in bearings 40 and 4I. The bearings, and 40 are, in turn, supported in a bearing member 42 which may preferably be of cast ribbed construction. Similarly, the bearings 39 and 4I are supported in a bearing member 43 of similar construction. The bearing

members

42 and 43 thus fix the

bearings

38, 39, 40 and 4| in fixed positions for fixed positions of the bearing members.

The bearing members are mounted and supported on a pair of

parallel beams

44 and 45, re-

spectively, and are-rigidly secured at their upperends in fixed spaced relation by vmeans of a crossbeam 46. The beams 44l and 45 are held in xed spaced positions by means of

crossbeams

41, 48 and 49 preferably spaced so .as to mount the elements of the clutch shifting mechanism'. The

beams

48 and 49 are also preferably reinforced and braced by means of connecting beams 50 and 6| which also serve to support a part of the drum brake-operating mechanism. The bearing

members

42 and 43 also carrying bearings 52 and 53 for the cat shaft 34. The entire structure is thus supported on a rigid, uniform base which may be mounted on concrete piers 54 and crossl beams 55 in suitable position relative to a derrick zal.

floor 56. This construction not only provides a compact, rigid and strong support for the various 56 and 61, respectively, forked at their upper ends to fit about the clutch elements I1 and I9, and pivoted on

upright brackets

68 and 69 on the crossbeam 41, and connected at their bottom ends by means of a link 60. The link 60 is, in turn, connected by a connecting link 6| to a depending crank arm 62 of a shaft 63 journalled in bearings 64 and 65 mounted on the crossbeams 41 and 49 respectively. The free end of the shaft 63 is provided with a crank lever 66 working in a segment 61 having retaining notches at the two ends and at an intermediate position. It will be apparent that the

elements

56 and 51 move in l unison and that, in intermediate position, neither will engage the clutch elements I5 and I6 of the driving sprockets I I and I2 and that, when shifted to one or the other of the extreme positions, will cause one or the other of the sprockets II or I2 to be clutched to the drive shaft.

A hollow shaft 68 is mounted on the shaft 63 and is provided at one end with a hand lever 69 passing through the segment 61, and at the other end with a depending lever 1li.` This lever is connected through a link 1| with the lower end of'a rock lever 12'mounted on a bracket 'I3 on the crossbeam 41, and having its upper end forked to engage opposite sides of the clutch element 23. By shifting the hand lever 69 to one position or the other, it will cause the clutch elements 2| and 23 to mesh or unmesh and thus connect or disconnect the shaft I0 to and from the sprockvet i8.

The clutch element 24 is shifted by means of .a forked shifting lever 15 pivoted on a bracket by means of a pedal 62 on the end of the shaft 19. The clutch element. 25 on the drum shaft may be shifted by means of a forked lever 83 pivoted on a bracket 94 on the bearing member 42 and engaged at its lower end by a cranki carried on a hollow shaft 96 enclosing and mounted on the shaft 19. The hollow shaft 66 is actuated by means of a foot pedal 91 adjacent the foot pedal 82.

The clutch element 33 for connecting and disconnecting the rotary drive sprocket 3| is shifted byY means of a forked lever 88 pivotedy on a bracket 99 extending outwardly and upwardly from the beam 46 and connected by means of a link to the lower end of a crank 9| mounted on the shaft 92. The shaft 92 is journalled in bearing brackets 93 secured to the beam 46. At its free end is secured a crank arm 94, Fig. 4, which in turn is connected by means of a link 96 to a crank arm v96 journalled in a bracket 91 on the crossbeam` 49 and provided with a fooi pedal 96'. .The forked lever 89 is urged to nonengagingl positionby means of a spring 99 connected between the .lower end of the lever`66 and a part of the bracket 93. The lever 69 is tilted to engaging position against the action of the spring 99 by. depression of the pedal 99.

Eachof'the drum brake surfaces 2 9 and 3l ix provided with a brake band IMI, IUI, respectively. Each band is supported by a spring |92, |93 respectively, suspended from the beam 46 anc' engaging loops or eyes |04 and |06, respectiveiy on the brakebands Ill and IM. Each brak:

mamas 3 band extends downwardly about the brake surface and is anchored by anchorlngvmeans III to the crossbeam I8. The other end of each brake band is secured to the respective ends of a yoke |01 which is in turn connected at its midpoint to a link IIB. the opposite end of which l is connected to a crank |09 secured to a shaft IIII which, in turn, is journalled in bearings III mounted on the bracing beams `SII and 5I. The shaft III) is rocked by means of an arm II2, the lower end of which is connected through a link Ill to a crank arm Ill on a rock shaft III journalled between the beam 44 and the bracing beam 5l. The shaft IIB is rocked by means of a lever arm IIB, Figs. 2 and 6. It will be apparent that as the lever arm IIB is swung clockwise downwardly it will rotate the crank III clockwise and the crank arms II! and |09 counterclockwise, thus swinging the end of the crank |09 downwardly and tightening the brake bands through which it is connected to the yoke Ill. The` brake bands may be supported near the front of the draw-works by means of standards IIT mounted on the crossbeam I! and supporting brackets I I8 projecting forwardly from the brake bands so as to keep the latter from falling inwardly and braking against the drum brake surfaces.

In addition to the driving means provided by the draw-works, the drum shaft may be provided with an emergency` sprocket III through which it may be driven in the event of a break--V down in the draw-works or prime mover.

Through the above mechanism, a self-con-A tained draw-works is provided in which a maxi- Y,

mum number of speeds may be obtained with a minimum of shafts. Also. there is no danger of overriding of the sprocket chainssuch' as is caused when the chains extend upwardly. Inasmuch as the draw-works may be moved as a unit, it requires no aligning of parts and may be set on a previously positioned foundation in accurate position.

It is to bemoted that the sprocket 22 drives thedrumshaftataslowerspeedthanthe 'sprocket wheel 21, and that the clutch 2l is an overriding clutch, so that if both of the sprocketsl! and 2l should be clutched simultaneously to the line shaft, the drum shaft wouldbe driven atthehigherspeedoverridingtheclutch Il.

What I claim is- Y 1. A draw-works for rotary drilling apparatus which eomprisesabasehavingapairofspaced longitudinaibeamaapairofeuvrlghtbearingoneoneachsaidbeamcmlbeams connecting said longitudinal spaced beams, a drum shaft journalled in and between said bearing members, a drum rigidly mounted on said drum shaft, a line shaft journalled in and between said bearing members at approximately the level of said drum shaft, a pair of sprockets on said drum shaft, a corresponding pair of driving sprockets on said line shaft, a clutch between each said driving sprocket and said line shaft. a chain connecting each drum shaft -sprocket to its corresponding line shaft sprocket, one of said sprocket and chain connections driving said drum shaft at a slower speed than the other, a clutch means between said lower speed sprocket and said drum shaft, means mounted on said frame to connect each of said driving sprockets individually to said line shaft, a pair of driven sprockets rotatably mounted on said line shaft, clutches between each of said sprockets andsaid line shaft, and a common mechanism to engage one of said driven sprocket 'clutches and disengage the other alternatively to and from said-line shaft.

2. A draw-workmfor rotary drilling apparatus which comprises a base having a pair of spaced longitudinal beams, a pair of upright bearing members, one on each said beam,- crossbeams connecting said longitudinal spaced beams, a drum shaft journalled in and between said bearing members, a drum rigidly mounted on said drum shaft. a line shaft journalled in and between said bearing members at approximately the level of said drum shaft, a pair of sprockets on said drum shaft, a corresponding pair of driving sprockets on said line shaft. a clutch between each said driving sprocket and said line shaft, a chain connecting each drum shaft sprocket to its corresponding line shaft sprocket, one of said sprockets and chain connections driving said drum shaft at a slower speed than the other, a clutch means between said lower speed sprocket and said drum shaft, means mounted on said frame to connect each of said driving sprockets individually to said line shaft, a pair of driven sprockets rotatably mounted on said line shaft, clutches between each of said sprock- `ets and said line shaft, a common mechanism to engage one of said driven sprocket clutches and e the other alternatively to and from said line shaft. a lever mechanism to throw said driven lsprocket clutches into intermediate or alternate positions, and individual pedal mechanisms to actuate said drum driving sprockets individually.

AUGUST R.