US2602635A - Drilling rig - Google Patents

Description

F. J. YOUNG DRILLING RIG July 8, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 3, 1945 G. N w Y J T w M F F. J. YOUNG v DRILLING RIG July 8, 1952 Filed Dec. s. 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 w o M J a E W m. 0 a g r n F. J. YOUNG DRILLING RIG July 8, 1952 Filed Dec. 3, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 a j i M i 3N u m2 y 0 mm m m a: Y Q mm *NN rU \7 f I T 5 m m u m9 Q? Q H mow +& R R 0 mm IS wm F .h. mm MQ mm 3 m3 3 R @w ww u h R G :4 ,1 a M w m W m mm Nb m M O R E. mm H & d E F mm Q Q. an n S .LWQW ON F. J. YOUNG DRILLING RIG July 8, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 '7 Filed Dec. 3, 1945 G m H m W U & H 0 Q QwN w I T o s 0 mi m WE. 0 F D w 1% 3 m3 H 3 V h: O I 1 M NMN Al I.] nm @Q E oi a A. A, INN a 8 N 6 MN R wm 0% MM QNN F. J. YOUNG DRILLING RIG July 8, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 3, 1945 flrzvzntoz FORREST J. YouriG Patented July 8, 1952 DRILLING RIG Forrest J. Young, Los Angeles, Calif., assignor to The National Supply Company, Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application December 3, 1945, Serial No. 632,342

20 Claims. 1 This invention relates to drawworks, and more particularly to equipment for a drilling rig for the drilling of wells.

Drilling rigs as now constructed are commonly I powered with internal combustion engines so arranged that the flow of power to the work is directed similarly to that of a steam powered drilling rig; consequently change speed transmissions are now required since the power and speed necessary for each particular operation is not available because the internal combustion engine must be kept operating above a minimum speed because the torque at the power take-oil falls greatly at the lower speeds.

Another problem of considerable importance which has faced the industry in the construction, transportation andrerection of drilling rigs is brought about by the size of the structures, 1. e., the dimensions thereof which have required special equipment and special permits to allow their transportation over highways.

It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a drilling rig which is of the internal combustion engine power type and which incorporates an improved arrangement of sprockets and clutches or transmission elements which will considerably increasetheyefficiency of-this type of drilling rig. V

Another object of this invention is to provide a construction of drilling rig which may be of the heavy duty type and which is of unit construction permiting transportation and assembly of the drilling rig in an efiicient manner and which is so constructed, andthe size of unitsofwhich are such,-that the same maybe transported over highways on existing equipment and withoutthe necessity of obtaining special permits for the use of; highways in their transportation. H

. Another object is to provide a portable power unit having a plurality of engine assemblies positioned transversely thereof in parallel relation, and power compounding clutch means mounted between the prime movers, whereby the power unit may be of minimum width.

s 7 Another object of this invention is to provide a drilling rig including a hoisting means which is capableofbeing driven at top speed for quickly raising the elevators and traveling block to the top of-thedrilling pipe stands andwhich is so constructed as to have immediately available the speed whichwill permit operation of the rig at the'required power to lift'the heavy drilling string whereby the drill string supporting means .or slips may be withdrawn allowing the drill pipe to be'lowered.

2 Another object of this invention is to provide in a drilling rig means for rotating a catshaft which carries a joint breaker type cathead operated for the purpose of breaking loose the joints in the drill string at a speed relatively slow while still retaining the hoist drum transmission drive operative to drive the hoist at the speed required for the load of the drill pipe, that is, either at high, intermediate or low speeds. v

Another object of this invention is to provide a drilling rig having a spooling drum and a source of power with a change-speed transmission interposed therebetween to drive the drum at a plurality of speeds and having a power take-oil element for driving a driven mechanism, the element associated with the change speed transmission adapted to be driven directly from one of the transmission drive means for rotation independently of the speed of drive to the spooling drum.

Another object of this invention is to provide a drilling rig which is operable even though subjected to heavy loads, as in the lining of the well with casing, which will permit the raising of the empty traveling blocks at high speed while'retaining a transmission connection to the drum such as will permit the drum to operate efiiciently for the heavy lifting of the drill string when desired.

Another object of this invention is to provide a rotary drilling rig which includes multiple speed transmission means capable of maintaining higher or lower speed of selective connections to the hoisting drum so that the high speed is immediately available for raising the empty travels ing block without disturbing the selected speed required for carrying on other operations in the drilling rig.

Another object of this invention is to provide a drilling rig including a transmission means in which the flow of power is divided at a shaft, one

side of which is connected with the hoisting drum andthe other side of which may be connected to the rotary machine, which makes possible the inclusion in the drilling rig of a four-speed forward and one speed reverse transmission for the hoisting drum, and including an extra high speed for operation of the empty traveling blocks.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a rotary drilling rig including means for dividing the flow of power as hereinabove set forth and which likewise includes means which permit of utilization of a transmission providing for rotary drive speeds and a low and high speed cat- 5 head drive.

Figure 3 is an enlarged plan principallyin sec:

tion of the change speed transmission unit including the input shaft and jackshaft as em bodied in the drawworks. p

Figure 4 is a plan principallyin section showing the divided lineshaft construction employed in this drawworks.

Figure 5 is an exploded view of theclutohconstruotion employedfor joining the sections of the divided lineshaft'. v

gures is a plan principally'inhorizontal sectionof the hoisting. drum andv shaft including therotar'y drive means; V

In the preferred embodiment of invention illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, I have illustrated a drilling rigdeveloped to provide three essential units comprising the drawworksIunit'A; a power unit 13 and rotary machine C. In order to permit these units to be transported over the highways, the regulations of most states'require that their maximum width be not in ekcess' of 8 feet. In the developmentof the drawworksunit A;for.use in drillinga 10,00 foot well, vthe over-- all dimensions of the hoisting druml the shaft bearings for supporting the same, the brake rims land 3 thereof, are such that the rem-aining space within the eight foot limit will permit only a single transmission drive as provided by the sprocket 4 which issecured to the drum shaft upon which the drum I ismounte'd.

In ':the operations? performed by such. a drilling rig,tit is essential to provide a multiple speed drive for the' drum .1, a multiple speed :drive for. the. rotary machine C, and to provide aihi'gh and-low sp'eed 'drivefor the catshaft Bof the drilling rig;

A drilling rig of this type is employed for hoist-1 ing the drillpip'e out'of' the hole; in. which operationthe drawworks unit A' serves-as" a hoist to lift "the pipe at varyingspeeds and it further provides a Inean's' for rotating the catshaft' B. The

c'atsh'aft eca-rries a breaker -type'cathead=at QIle'end which is used to break the joi'nt'in the drill pipe, and the drawworks A further'providesmeans for turningthe rotary machine C'for unscrewing the drill pipe joints.

Also in the operation of coming out of the hole it is highly. desirable to break the tool joints or casing-joints with a constant, low speed cathead drive and this is desirable irrespective of the transmission speed of the hoisting drum. lnpthjer words, the hoisting operations due to the varying'loads require different speeds while the catsha'ft should operate at a, constantlow speed. Conversely, for the operations of going in the hole as the weight. of the unloaded blocks ,ihook and line do not vary, and since it'jis desired to raisethe empty blocks as. quicklyas possible, it is therefore desirable to have available in the draw-1 works a constant'highs'peed for the'hoisting drum which may be then. us for is'i ejth" empty blocks and as it is necessary to lifttliefjdr1 ll .pipe slowly for releasing the rotary machine"slips;'*to

4 have a constant low hoisting speed readily available.

During these same operations as there is no variance required in the speed necessary for operation of the catshaft in the spinning up of the drill pipe with the spinning line or for the tonging of the joints with the tong line,.it is desirable to have a constant catshaftspeed.

In the operation of going in the'hole', the drawworks unit is used for lowering the pipe in the hole and is also provided with a means as is here in specifically illustrated for quickly raising the empty traveling block to the position in the derrick'iwhere they may be used for attachment to a further stand of drill pipe. The drawworks unit also provides means which are readily available to'lift the heavy drill string after the new stand of .pipe has been connected thereto so that the slips of the rotary machine may be released, permitting the drill pipe to be lowered.

Combined with these vrequirements; in the: operation of going in thehole""is another requirement that the drawworks unit should. include a meansto rotate the catshaft at a highspee'dsuitable for spinning up the drill pipe when the new stand thereof is threaded to the portion of the drill string supportedby the rotary table, and 'tliis means'should also be a'vailablefor singing the joints. The drill string Stands which 'are added to the drill string in the --lowering operation areapproximately 90 feet in length and it'ise-sse'ntial to the eficient operation ofthe' drilling'rig-that the'cycle of handlingthisdri-ll stahd'in either di rection be accomplished in"approximatelyf50 to' 60 seconds. This places-a requirement'up'onthe drilling rig that means's'liould be provided'of's'imple quick-acting controls so that any one'of the functions described maybe done very quickly and that the shifting from" one operation to an other may be made in a minimum of time? The third operation; i. e;, the actual drillingpi's' where the drill bit is supported by the drill string on the bottom of-the hole. In order to properly.

' carry out the drilling operations under different conditions of drilling or for reaming the h'ole',"de-v pending in many instances upon the type of for; mation encountered, it"i's required that the ro-- tary machine be driven at a multiplicity of'speeds enabling the selection of the'speeclat which the bit will most effectively operate inthetype of formations encountered. As the rotary drawworks employed in"su'ch a drilling rig ordinarily includes multiple speed transmission fo'r'thepurpose of driving the hoisting drum'at' a' plurality of-speeds, thi 'multiple'speed transmission is'also utilized to drive the'rotary machine. During-the operation of drilling it is a furtherrequirement that the drawworks beso arranged "that th 'clrill' pipe may be readily lifted'at any timeand that the drawworks beso operatedas to e nable'the imposition of the required pressure upon'the'drill bit' by supporting the load thereof on the line reeved upon the drilling drum and which*pa'sses over the crown block andig-oonnetditdth traveling block. "Ihisoperation is well 'understood in' the art so" .it 13' not deemed essential to speclfically illustrate' the ree'vmg of assesses- 111g; cable r, the cr wn. blockiof the derrick" or traveling block by which theidrill'string is" supported. p p v V Theifourthioperation required of such drilling rig is" the'handling'of the'casing. In the opera n 0f'..dr illing a well it" usuallybecom'efslne'ces i to"set one or more"s'trings""'of casi g rdi to case the hole being drilled. In thisopera iticirl acoacss' it is required that the drawworks be capable of lifting very heavy loads. A primary requirement of the drawworks during this operation is that it be capable of operation at selected speeds required for the extremely heavy loads and to quickly lift the empty blocks and lastly that it be provided with a fairly fast catshaft so that the cathead speed will be suitable for both spinning up and tonging up the casing threads.

The drilling rig embodying my invention so combines the power unit, the drawworks unitand the rotary machine as to enable full attainment of the foregoing requirements. A further characteristic of the drilling rig embodying my invention' is that it employs as the medium of power internal combustion engines which provide the power for driving the drilling rigand the rotary machine, and the engines are united in a unitary assembly of a maximum of 8 feet width so that this unit is likewise transportable over highways within the regulation requirements.

The drawworks unit A comprises essentially the drum 1 and its supporting shaft 5 which is driven from the line shaft l. The line shaft 1 is in turn driven bya j'acksha'ft 8; The jackshaft in turn is driven from the input shaft 9. In addition to this transmission means the drawworks unit includes the drive unit it through the medium of which the rotary machine C is driven.

Carried by the drawworks frame H in which the aforesaid shafts are supported is the catshaft 6. Likewise supported upon the frame may be the sand reel shaft I2 uponwhich the sand reel I3 is secured. A fluid brake unit It may be con: pled'with' the lineshaft I so as to provide a braking unit for this shaft.

The input shaft 9 of the drawworks unit A is driven from the power unit B which includes a pair of internal combustion engines 2| and 22.

These'engines are mounted in parallel relation transversely of the base frame I6 and are adapted to drive parallel stub-shafts 24 and 29, each provided with an outboard bearing 23 and 30 carried on the base frame It. Carried by the shaft 24 and fixed thereon is a multiple chain sprocket is aligned with a driven sprocket associated with the power input shaft 9. A multiple strand. chain I8 is trained over the sprockets I9 and Eli. Also fixed on the shaft 24 is a compounding sprocket 25 aligned with sprocket 25 which is rotatably mounted on the clutch shaft 34. A multiple strand chain I? is trained over sprockets 25 and 26. v r I The clutch shaft 34 is carried on the base frame 16 between the engines 2! and'22 and is parallel to the shafts 24 and 29. A friction clutch 43 is provided for selectively coupling the sprocket overall length of the engine assemblies including the stub shafts and bearings can be held within the 8-foot limit.

As a further means of reducing the overall length of the engine assemblies, the cooling radiatorsv 35 and 36 for the water cooling circulatory systems of the internal combustion engines 2! and 22 are displaced with reference to the engine locations and are mounted upon the rear ofthe 0; of the power input shaft 9.

base frame'lt'. The fan elements (not shown) of these radiators are driven by belted connections 39 and 40 from pulleys rotatably mounted on the countershaft 38, and provided with individual clutches 4i and 42. The countershaft 38 is ro-- tatably mounted on the base frame It and is driven by fixed sprockets 21, 28 and the chain 31.

An air compressor unit I5 is driven from the countershaft 38 to provide a supply of air under pressure for operating the pneumatic. friction spaced frame plates 44 which are secured to a.

base plate 45. The drumshaft 5 is journalled in bearings 5 carried by the frame plates 4 3 and the drum I is suitably secured to the shaft 5. The drum I has brake flanges'tii at its opposed ends and the brake rims 2 and 3 are suite ably secured to these flanges.

The input shaft 9 is supportedin bearings d! which are supported in frame plates 8 off-- set inwardly with respect to the frame plates 44 and likewise mounted upon the base plate 55;

extension shaft 26. The sprocket 20 is formed as an integral portion of the clutch housing 49 of afriction type pneumatic clutch 50. The clutch Eii is mounted upon the, overhanging end 35;.of the input shaftil and provides means for re-' leasably clutching the sprocket 20 to the input shaft 9.

The clutch mechanism generally designated 53 includes a spider 5| secured onthe outboard end This spider 5| has the sprocket 52 and cylindrical extension 53 formed integrally therewith, and the extension 53 has a series of external spline teeth 54 formed; thereon. The clutch housing 59 has the driven: sprocket 20 formed on its outer rim. The hous-- ing 49 includes the end wall 55 which is boltedi at 56 to the inner sleeve 57 which is rotatablysupported upon axially spaced bearings li and 59. A cover 65 is secured by bolts (not shown) to the end wall 55. In effect, therefore, the

clutch housing 49 (including the end wall 55,

cover 65, and the sleeve 51) is rotatably mounted with respect to the shaft e and the spider'il.

Clutch plates 60 and 6! are carried by the 5 housing as and cylindrical spider extension 53 respectively and provide friction plates for the clutch. The inner of the clutch plates'Bfl is provided with trunnions 52 which engage the annu lar piston 63 which is positioned within the annulusfid formed in the cover 65. Fluid under' pressure is introduced into the annulus St and acts to urge the ring 63 outwardly therefrom to move the clutch plates 60 into frictional con- Means are protact with the clutch plates 6|. vided for admitting fluid under pressure into the ducts lifi of the cover 65, which means may be of any suitable or desirable construction.

supply conduit 69 to the ducts 66.

In order to provide a multiple speed and reversediive from the input shaft 9 to theja'ckshaft 8, I provide a pair of spaced Sprockets '10 Power is transmitted to the power input zshaft 3 through the. sprocket 20 from engine accesse and '1 I; which are journaled on suitable bear iITgS T2 and 13 upon -the inputshaft 'g Posi-=-- tioned' 'between these I sprockets and secured to f the input shaft 9" is a-clu'tch collar 14 upon whichthere'"ispositioned a clutch ringJE' adapted to be shifted axially of the shaft" 9 by means of" a shifter mechanism diagrammatically indicated The. clutch ring 'ifi has internal'clutch' teeth adapted to: be selectively""engagednwith theiclutch teeth 2- 11* and 18", respectively; formed": upon: the-- hubs of". the sprocket's' II! and- 11,. respectively;

Likewise-mounted upon the input shaft-'9 and secured=- thereto :to rotate therewith is F 'a-reverse geari 19' which meshes with areverse-i-g'ean 80 journaled upon the jackshafth- Abrake'wheel- BI is'secured'to the outboard endof the input shaft" 9 and a 'brake'b'and 82 is mounted upon the? brake: wheel 81 and. suitable.meansarefpro videdfor' tightenihg and releasingthe brake band" 82 from-the brake wheel 8 I Secured to the input. shaft 9 is a low speed sprocket 83' which is inli'ne'with the low speed sprocket 84 which is journaled upon the jack shaft 8. The transmission drive from the input shaft 9 tothe jackshaft 8 provides a four speed forward and one speed reverse drive.

The low speed is accomplished by means of the chain between sprockets 83 and 8A. The secondsspeed drive" is" between" the second speed sprocket 52 and the sprocket 85 journaledon thei jackshaft. 8. cured on thejackshaft 8 and providestw'o multiplechain= sprockets 81 and fie-"which' are inposition' of alignment with the sprockets H and respectively, of the input shaft 9 The high speed drive is provided by a chain trained between" the sprockets II and 81, and the third speeddrive is provided bYa chain connecting the sprockets 1D and 88. The jackshaft is journaled 'on bearings 89 and at positioned inthe left side" frame plate 48 and the right frame plate 4 The transmission connections providedw be tween the jackshaft ii and the line shaft 1' (Fig? ure"4)' in conjunction with the multiple: speed and reverse .drives from the input shaft 9 to the ja'ckshaft' 8 enable" the carrying out. of' the after-described operations;

In o'rde'r'to enable these operations to be car.-

ried out, the line Shaft is divided into two aligned sections which ma be defined as the drum drive section of the line shaft i and the rotary. table drive sectionof the line shaft 1 The two .sec-

tions of the line shaft aresupported on suitable bearings as will hereinafter be described and are adapted to be releasablycoupled together by means of a spline clutch SI actuated by 'means oi a suitable collar 92- when desired.

The-low-speed sprocket- Sfi-is journaled onthe jackshaftt on bearings 93 and supported on the hub 94 areqclutch rings 95 and 96 which are adapted to be shifted by shifting collars 9-7 and 98;- respectively, into clutching engagement with the clutch teeth '99 of the double sprocket 86 and clutch-vteeth' lea carried by the hub of the A chain is trained WI and over the driven catshafta drive sprocket It I. over, the sprocket sprocket I02 secured to the'catshaft 6'. The catshaft drive sprocket IIH isjournaled' on the jack-. shaft 8 on suitable bearings andits hub portion is formed with a clutch ring-103 adapted-to. be

selectivelv engaged with the clutch teeth of a clutch. collar I04 mounted within the sprocket A double sprocket 86 is se B Ei-and? also: within the =-sprocket5l 05 which formsis thei'highi-speed 'line shaft drive-sprocket.

A: shifter,-rringz=1 I 05 is-splinedrupon the hub of thevsprocket. I 05 andis connected with the clutch 2 ring. IM bym'eans of a plurality of connecting boltselfl'lz A suitable: collar I08-isprovided=-for shiftingthe ring: I0$.. The-sprocketsjfl: and. I U5T"&I6T*W81dd" together at l 52; to form an--inte.-. gral double sprocket/member II-0- which isi-sup I ported on axially spaced bearings; I 09;

splinerteeth are; provided on-thedouble. sprocket,

Suitable memberf'I I0; collar lfl-4ysprocketl-8 5 'and collard II:-

which is keyed to" the shaft 8; to enable the clutch collar: I04-=to connectthe sprockets and I05 1forsdependent rotation; orto. connect. the. doubles sprocket: member I I0- directly-tothe "shafted." In--Figure=-3*the clutch collar. I [W is shown. in. neutral-positionrin whichneitherof thesetdrivesr is operative;

Secured" to the jackshaft 8 near one. endis;a;

drive collar H2 adapted;toberreleasably. engaged;-

by. the -shiftable: collar I I-3 with the. spr0cket'85,

ings I I5:

shaft 8"can'be driven in a reverse direction-and coupled with either-of" the drive sprockets "-I I 801' N15; or with-the catshaft drivesprocket- IOI" when -desired,- any one ofthese drivesrmay be a forward or'reverse. direction. Thelow-speed' 'ackshaft drive: sprocket" I I 8 drives the lowspeed I line shaft sprocket I20. The sprocket: I20 is formed upon the housing I2I of the pneumatic. clutch-IE2. .Clutch I22 is similar inall respects;- tov the pneumatic" clutchEO so that it-is not believeduessential to; describe in detail the struc-' ture of this clutch; the function-of. which isto releasably clutch the sprocket I20 to the drum drive section 1* ofthe; line-shaft and to the1 drum shaftdrive sprocket I23: whichis formed integral with the-spider. I24 of the clutch- I22.

The spider I24 is secured to the drum shaft.

drive section! ofthe line". shaft.- Section; 1* of theline shaft is adapted .to be driven .by a;

chain which connects the jackshaft sprocket: I 05; with the line shaftrhigh speed drivesprocket: 1-25;- The sprocket I25 is formedon the'hubof a spider;

I26 ofthe pneumatic. clutch of the'ihigh speed qdrum' shaft drive clutch I21. This clutch; I21 is likewise a pneumatic clutch and is similar: in'v construction to the pneumatic clutch--50: withthe exceptionthatin this. case'th'e internal spider-:- I26 is journaledon suitable bearings- I28 upon I the line shaft 1 and the external member .or

housing I29 of the clutch is secured to"the over? hanging end *of the rotary drive sect-ion o'fythe line shaft-1.

The line shaft sections are supported bypedestal bearings I30 and I 3 I, pedestals-for which are; supported uponthe-base plate'45; I Theho'us ing, I29 of the pneumatic clutch I21 carries;

clutch teeth I"32 which permits the same: toabez clutched-to the brake shaft I33 of. a hydraulic brake. commonly referred-to in :this art as a hyi 9 dromatic brake I3 3 which is supported within a frame I35 adapted to be secured to the drawworks frame plate 44. The clutch IZ'I may be .of the type shown in detail in my co-pending application, Serial No. 700,260, filed September 30, 1946, now abandoned.

Means are carried on the rotary drive end 7 of the line shaft I which provide one element of the drive for the rotary machine C. Secured to the end flange of the section ji of the line shaft is an end cap I35 which is formed to provide the rotary machine line shaft drive sprocket I31. The end cap I36 is secured to the end flange of section I of the line shaft by means of suitable bolts I38 and dowels I38 Secured to the adjacent end flange of the drum shaft section I of the line shaft I is a connecting collar I39 which is secured in position by means of bolts I40 and dowels hit Formed on the periphery of the end cap I36 and collar I39 are spline teeth which are adapted to be selectively engaged with the internal spline teeth of a clutch ring 9|, which is actuated by the collar 92.

A rotary machine countershaft IM is journaled in suitable bearings I42 upon the base plate 45. Journaled upon the shaft MI is a sprocket I 43 which is driven by means of a chain from the sprocket I37. A clutch lid is provided for releasably clutching the sprocket I43 to the countershaft I 4|. Secured to the countershaft III is a bevel pinion I45 which meshes with a bevel gear W secured to the end of the rotary machine drive shaft I41. The shaft It? is supported in bearings I48 and Hit supported upon the base plate 45 of the drawworks. The rotary machine drive shaft I50 is coupled with the shaft I41 by means of a suitable coupling 15L The single drive from the line shaft I to the drum shaft 5 is provided by the sprocket I23 which drives the drumshaft drive sprocket 4 through the medium of a suitable chain.

Suitable controls are diagrammatically indicated in the drillers position at I52 (Figure 2) for controlling the operation of the engines 2! and 22 and clutches I22 and I21, and the clutches of the multiple speed transmission as hereinabove described.

The operation of the drilling rig in order t carry out the aforestated objects of my invention is:

In the operation of going into the hole, that is, lowering the drill pipe into the hole being drilled, the requirement is of a high speed of rotation of the drum I to lift the empty blocks at a high rate of speed to a position where they will pick up a stand of drill pipe so that it may be positioned over the hole and then threaded to the portion of the drill string then supported in the well hole. When so positioned, it is desirable to have a cathead which will spin the pipe at a high speed to screw the stand of pipe picked up to the said drill string. After the stand has been connected to the drill pipe, it is necessary to have a low speed available for the drum for the lifting .of the heavy drill string so that the supporting slips carried in the rotary machine C can be released. to permit the lowering of the drill string with the new stand into the well. The par- ,ticular requirements of this operation are therefore of a simultaneous need for a fast drive to the drum and a fast drive to the cathead. These requirements are met in the drilling rig embodying my invention as follows: 7 Thehigh speed drive to the catshaft is provided by the drive from the sprocket 52 to the 1'50 sprocket 85, hence to the sprocket H35 by engagement of the clutch IM and as the catshaft sprocket IllI is attached integrally to the sprocket I by any suitable means such as welds I52, the sprocket lIlI will be driven at the high speed accomplished through this transmission. As the sprocket It! is connected by the chain directly to the sprocket I02 carried upon the catshaft B, the high speed will be transmitted to the spinning head'I 53 of the catshaft 6.

The differential speeds for operation of the drum I are provided as follows: The low speed requirement is provided by driving the drum drive section T of the line shaft I through the transmission connections provided by the sprocket 83 on the input shaft 9 which operates to drive the sprocket 8 5 on the jackshaft 8, which shaft is'in turn rotated at the low. speed by engagement of the clutch with the clutch teeth 99 of the sprocket 86 and by engaging the clutch III with the drive collar H6 so that the sprocket I I8 is driven with the jackshaft 8.

The pneumatic clutch I22 positioned on the drum shaft section I of the line shaft is engaged so that on rotation of the clutch housing IN by the chain connected with the sprocket I I8, the multiple chain drive of the sprocket I23 acts to drive the drum shaft sprocket l of the drum shaft 5 at the low speed required for lifting the heavy load of the drill pipe.

The high speed for raising the unloaded traveling block is instantly available through sprocket I25, pneumatic clutch I27, section l of the line shaft, clutch 9!, section i of the line shaft, and sprocket I 23. The pneumaticclutch I22 is released to disconnect the drive from sprocket I20 to section I of the line shaft. Thus, there is coincidentally available the two relatively high speed drives for the drum and the catshaft together with the easily available low speed drive required for lifting the pipe to release the'pip supporting slips in the rotary machine C.

In the operation of coming out of the hole there is a different requirement ofavailability of speeds for carrying on the required'operations in that it is highly desirable that the cathead shaft 6 be driven slowly so that the break head or spool I54 of the catshaft will be rotated slowly for the purpose of breaking the threaded joint between the stand of drill pipe being removed from the drill pipe. At the same time it is essential to have a low speed drive for operating the rotary machine for the purpose of unscrewing the joints between the drill pipe and the respective stands thereof. v

During this-operation it is a requirement that all speeds of operation be available for driving the hoisting drum I carried by the drumshaft ,5 so that the maximum speed of operation can be obtained to remove the drill pipe from the hole depending upon the weight of the drill pipe as it is progressively reduced in length by the removal of the stands therefrom. I In accordance with my invention, these essential requirements are met as follows: I I

The catshaft 6 is driven slowly through the transmission connections provided from the power input shaft 9 by sprocket 8t acting through its chain connection to drive the sprocket Bil which is then connected with the catshaft drive sprocket IilI by shifting the clutch shifter as into position to engage the clutch teeth 98 with theteeth I09 carried by the sprocket Ill I. Driving sprocket IIlI simultaneously results in driving the sprocket I95 atthe slow speed and by closing the pneumatic clutch 1'21, the-rotary'machine .drive section 'l of-the' linesha'ft 'l is driven'at the low-=speed. The "rotary machine is :then driven by the sprocket [31 acting to drive the-sprocket I43 and upon -closin'g of the clutch'lM; the counter'shaft l il is *driven at-the lowspeed'required for'the operation of the rotary machine. "*Due' to the dividedar- *'ran'ge'm'ent of the lineshaft 'F-all ofthe'avail'able' speeds' "f or operating thedrum I *areavetilable -"-to drive the drum l at anyof the required speeds. "Thus, the ja'ckshaft may -be-driven-at the-low speed-by closing of-the clutch -9Tforthe sprocket 84 into -'engagement'-with the clutch teeth 99 on "thespro'k'ettfi, or thisclutchmay be disengaged 'and the' jackshaftfl'may be 'rotated'at'theseeond available I speed provided by the chain from the sprocketnto the sprocket 85 during whichtime *thee'lutch J ll-4 is disengaged' and the clutch H 3 is engaged.

The thir'd' spe'ed o'f 'drive is provided by 'shifting "-the clutcHTS'ii-ito position of engagement of 'the teeth H of the sprocketflw'so that thedouble sprocket Y 86 is 1? driven thereby driving the jackshaft *8."In this- "drive; of coursey the clutches 91 and -t 3 are disengaged. "The" highest speed drive for the drum'l I "-"is l-ikevviseavailable "by Shifting "'the' clut'ch limit of engagementwith-clutch'teeth "11 and" to "engagement with' the clutch teeth -18 zf' the sprocket l which -then drives thespro'cket 81 by the chain connected with the sprocket "H.

During any of these drives theclutch: I I T isengage'd' so that -the-*sprocket -l-l 8 is rotated with Cluteh 1 22' is also "engaged so that the drive 6f the' sproc'ket-l ill at the 's'elected speed willresult in amine the sprocket 23 of the 1 pneumatic ol-(itch l2 2' at the' selected speed.

It wkr'ill 'be appreeiated that in this operation *when a 's'tand of pipe is removed from the" drill "pipe supported in" the rotary machine C thatthe desired speedo'f operation ofithe drum l i.- e.,"the

f for lifting this stand-to its -position"in' thewell derrick. At' the sa-me' time-by the 'simple action ofmanipulating the'respective clutches,"the speed er operationof the'dru'rn I will beavai'lable' which "is best suited under the poWen'deIiVered from the j pipe fromthe welt to-the height" required for elevatingstands-thereof to a'position above'the rotary machine"C'sothat "theymay' 'be'Temoved '"upon settin'g the slips upfin the'rotarymachine "tosupport thedrillpipein the well. *W'hen thus raised, *the breaker linefrom the breakingspool l54 of the catshaft 6 may be actuated' at theslow' speed'required to break the joint betweenithe i stand and .thefdrillpipe. Itiwill also" be'apparent that 'throughthe.transmissionsiprovided from the power input shaft 9lto' the'fdrum'drivesection l of the line shaft '1" thatall four, speeds'forward "andthe speed'of 'drivein "reverse are available for driving the 'drum shaft' idepencling;uponlthe clutch settings.

Having fully described myLinve'ntion; it; is to be understoodthatl do-.not .v'vishlto be limited" .to the details herein. set? forth, but my inventionis wo'f Ithe fiill scope'ofiithevappended claims.

- I'claim: .YL In ,a consolidated rig, --a drawworks. compris ingaa fra-me of .a widthlsuflioient toaccommodate -a drumshaft with a=drumsupportedwthereon and a single drive to the -.drumshaft, .a line shaft 1 carried byltheframe.and-providing-a single-transmission connection toflthev Idrumshaftl for ldrivin the same, the line shaft being selectively divided shaft, .a'line shaft positioned to the rear of the drum'shaft, .means for driving the .Idrumshaft to :provide an independent drive zsection; means for selectively clutching the two'sections together,

axially spaced "bearings for independently :supporting the two line shaft. sections, a' jackshaft supported in the frame, a drive'member onkthe jackshaft and adapted to'be selectively-engaged in driving relation therewith, atransmission'connectionirom the jackshaft to the drum'shait drive section *of "the line shaft, a transmission "drive "connection from the 'drive' member'to the independent 'drive section' of the line shaft, means driven from the independent drive---section-selectively operable to drive a driven mechanism, and'means'for driving thejacksha ft' at a plurality of selected-speeds.

2L In'a rotary drawworks, the'combination'of .a frame, a drumshaft rotatablysupported within the frame, aline shaft'supported to the rear of the drumshaft, aujackshait supported inthe frame to the rear ofithe line shaft, and-,a'power inputshaftisupportedin the frame to the reariof the jackshaft, "means providing; a selective mub tiple speed andreverse drive from thepower' input shaft to-the, vja'cksh'aft, adrive member on the jackshaft'andadapted'to be driven independ- "ently thereof, the line shaft being dividedinto two axially disposed independent sections,-' means 'for'selectively drivinglthefirstiof the "lineshaft i seotions -at a plurality of speeds from; the j ackshaft means for. driving 'thetsecond;sectionof "the'lineshaft fromxthedrivemember at a plurality ofiforward 'speedsr'and "reverse, means for driving the drumshaft fromthe "first section of the line shaft, and' powerrtakeeoif- 'drive'means operatively associatediwith the second section-of theline shaft.

$3..In a consolidated: rig-the:vcombinatiomof 'a .frame. of predetermined Widthisuliicientto ac- ..commodatettherewithin a hoisting drum upon-a drumshaft :andwaisin'gle drive means .,for"':the drumshaft, afline' shaft supportedtothe rear of the. drumshaft,v a single sprocket :andchaindrive .fromithe line lshaft to the drumshaft,-the"line shaitbeing divided intozindependently 'rotatably axially aligned sections; "axially "spaced bearings for independently'supporting the tWoline'shaft sections, clutch means for,.selectively clutching the'lline shaft sections together so that-they may rotate as a unit," a j'ackshaft positioned to' the reanof the line shaft, drive members on the jackshaft, -clutc'h, means for Jconnecting the ".drive :member With said; lackshaftj spro-cketland chain 'drive means fromthe drive members-to each sec- .tion of the'jline shaft whereby ,theosaid sections of theilineshaft may be simultaneouslydriven at differential speeds, and means whereby the ijackshaftmay be driven vata pluralityof forward speedsand reverse.

4.'2In .a rotary idrawworks, the. combination. of a .drumshaft, a drumsupported upon the drumfro'mJthe line shaft," the, line, shaft being divided into vtwat: axially, alignediin'dep endently, rotatable sections, lclutchimeans for .selectively clutching 'Jtheline shaft sections together/so .thattheymay whereby the jackshaft may be driven from the power input shaft at a plurality of forward speeds and reverse.

5. In a rotary drawworks, the combination of a drumshaft, a hoisting drum supported upon the drumshaft, a line shaft, means for driving the drum shaft from the line shaft, a jackshaft, means for driving the line shaft from the jackshaft at a plurality of speeds, a catshaft drive sprocket supported upon the jackshait, a catshaft, a sprocket supported upon the catshaft, a chain connecting the latter said sprockets, a driven sprocket journaled on the jackshaft, a pair of clutch means operatively associated with the latter said sprocket and adapted to selectively clutch the said sprocket with the jackshaft and with the catshaft drive sprocket.

6. In a. drawworks, the combination of a drumshaft having a spooling drum fixed thereon, a driven sprocket fixed on the drumshaft, a lineshaft divided into two axially aligned and independently rotatable sections, axially spaced bearings for independently supporting the two line shaft sections, releasable clutch means for selectively clutching the lineshaft sections together so that they may rotate as a unit, a drum drive sprocket fixed on the first lineshaft section, a chain operatively connecting the sprockets, means for driving a driven mechanism including a power takeoff sprocket fixed on the second lineshaft section, first and'second driven sprockets rotatably mounted on the first and second lineshaft sections, respectively, releasable clutch means for operatively connecting each of the latter said sprockets to its respective lineshaft seotion, a jackshaft, and separate means on the jackshaft for rotating the first and second driven sprockets.

7. In a drawworks, the combination of a drumshaft, a spooling drum mounted on the drumshaft, a lineshaft divided into two axially aligned independently rotatable sections, axially spaced bearings for independently supporting the two lineshaft sections, releasable clutch means for selectively clutching the lineshaft sections together so that they may rotate as a unit, a drum drive element on the first lineshaft section, transmission connections whereby the drum drivelement may drive the drum, a power take-01f element on the second lineshaft section, a jackshaft, a first drive member on the jackshaft, transmis sion connections including a releasable clutch whereby the first drive member may drive said drum drive element, a second drive member on the jackshaft, and transmission connections including a releasable clutch whereby the second drive member may drive the power take-off ele ment.

8. In a drawworks, the combination of a drumshaft having a spooling drum thereon, a line= shaft divided into two axially aligned and independently rotatable sections, axially spaced bearings for independently supporting the two line shaft sections, releasable clutch means for selectively clutching the lineshaft sections together so that they may rotate as a unit, a drum drive sprocket on'the first lineshaft section, transmission connections whereby the drum drive sprocket may drive the drum, a power take-01f element on the second lineshaft section, a change speed transmission, direct drive means including a releasable clutch for driving the drum drive sprocket forwardly at one speed from the change speed transmission, and indirect drive means including a releasable transmission connection be- 14 I tween the change speed transmission and the second lineshaft section for driving the drum drive sprocket forwardly at another speed.

9. Ina drawworks, the combination of a drum= shaft having a spooling drum thereon, a lineshaft having a pair of drive elements thereon, the first of said drive elements being operatively connected to drive the drum, the second drive element being operatively connected to drive a power take-off sprocket for a driven mechanism, a change speed transmission, means'including releasable clutch means whereby said drive elements may be separately driven simultaneously in the same direction from said transmission at different speeds, a power absorbing brake'unit adjacent one end of the lineshaft, and releasable clutch means operatively connecting said brake unit to the drum drive element. 1

10. In a drawworks, the combination of a drumshaft having a spooling drum thereon, a lineshaft divided into two axially aligned independently rotatable sections, axially spaced bearings for independently supporting the two line shaft sections, releasable clutch means forselectively clutching the lineshaft sections together so that they may rotate as a unit, a drum drive element on the first lineshaft section operatively connected to drive the drum, a power take-off drive element on the second lineshaft section, a power absorbing brake unit releasably connected to the second lineshaft section, and means for rotating the said drive elements.

11. In a drawworks, the combination of a drumshaft, a spooling drum. mounted on the drumshaft, a lineshaft divided into two-axially aligned independently rotatable sections, releasable clutch means for selectively clutching the lineshaft sections together so that they may rotate as a unit, a drum drive element on the first lineshaft section, transmission connections whereby the drum drive element may drivethe drum, a machine drive element on the second lineshaft section, a jackshaft, a catshaft havin a cathead thereon, a first drive member on the jackshaft, transmission connections including a releasable clutch whereby the first drive member may drive said drum drive element, a second drive member on the jackshaft, transmission connections including a releasable clutch whereby the second drive member may drive the machine drive element, and transmission connections whereby the second drive member may drive the catshait independently of the lineshaft. 12, In a drawworks having a drumshaft provided with a spooling drum, a oatshaft having a cathead thereon, and a power take-off sprocket, the combination of: a jackshaft having a drive member thereon, transmission connections in cluding releasable clutch means whereby the drive member may drive the drum, first and second driven sprockets rotatably mounted on the jackshaft, clutch means for releasably connecting either of said driven sprockets in driving relation with the jackshaft, a dual sprocket member rotatably mounted on the jackshaft between said driven'spr ockets, transmission connections whereby the catshaft may be drivenfrom the dual sprocket member, additional transmission connections whereby the power take-01f sprocket may be driven from the dual sprocket member, clutch means for releasably connecting the dual sprocket member with either of said driven sprockets, and means for driving sai'd driven sprockets. a 13. In a drawworks having aspooling 'drum, a

eats

:eat hai havin asa hee rt erecneand a newe itakefi I ored t ad ted t -,drive 4a driren ani m theeem inatienrq a .iaelsshafi 11 ieaa e r a c ve-membe hereepltran m s -.c ieh p ,m lu r .zr e ble iQlutehmean rerebmth idriremem e -ma .,d r th rdnim "a n we iii-nu "sh f .l pee n h s ee dw me h v whz ehy theihput shaf cm y-l r e h iac sh ftren o sa d ivem an in udin rqek t i h nm un e nn t Jackte utc emean ie ef e ne alre easab onne en be e -the dua1r19 1cke f-eo erative co testin t e .d e rocket. membe idr reb t :the-catshaft-and aidr we t k -e sprocket.

xlf Inadra w seh ripgla, po fin ;51mm, a .rcetshai mende w t a qatheadm newe t k -oi is roqk t t e ,co bmat on o aiae afth vf eadr vememb th req itransmi sio connectio in l in relea ab e lut h m an w-h re ;the'- dr ememb nma sir v rth -.a. seeqndrd;re ro kets. otat b zni u edc on he ia kss af n liitch. mea s; f r leasabl connectin e r aid dr ve sprockets; in driving relation .With the j j aokshaf a du h p ek t memb r rot t b y mounteditheai e fsh t .cbe e i said-d eneekets resablec ute mBans lect v l enee ins'th dual sprocket member in driving,relationyvith -t eiaekeh t, tra smi o .e lmect qns wher y l th eat af m d v n rqm t e u spmcke i ne r -.a d. t ena t ns i sio onne t on ere the we tak rq sprocket ma zvdre from "t e luall n e s -,membe ...l tQh m ans f re eas l om ee inet du ltspreszke eme ber W th-e e o ai ?d epi p o e ran rneans tor driving said driven sprocket-s.

11 11 a r a y d l in -rig th c m at qnlo -a;spooling drum, a source of power,;a change speed tr ans mission operativelyr interposed between the ZSQUI'QBQf: power. and the -spooling drum whereby t n e a n um a ib vd ve at p ura it -;of speeds, thev change speed transmissioninclud- ;ing a driven shaft, a plurality of driven; elements ;on= ;the shaft each adaptedio. drive thelshait at udi f r s d th tr nsm s o ncluding-r l as b slu eh means l @f i a yon o it e;.-el men efi t v jt ve h sha t, one, of sead e eme t be n r ta bl moun p th shaft, a dr vin memb w ammy-m ted .0 the shaftindependentlyof thelatter said element .randadan i d ad venm e a is clutch; ,m ansf ;sele y en agin h .d. ne.-reem 7 1 with t i hai an r sable; luteh mea fo es abli h n a d v n con ction wee tth said driyen element andthadriving member wh .by; sa l m tan ai .mem enm rr sta es-aw u i epende roftheshait.

$164 a smil n riaib-e emh n o 4 a espoe inedrum urc e l w eaeha e r me m s ie ppe at ve y in rpo e b tw ji theaspoolin -d um ma edr v e a p u a ity ze peed rs ricl c an e speed t n m s nrmcludvine-w rme i nu z f ndra ia ksha n n- I. p ding a plurality of drive means for driving the mksha tif t e we i u l h ta l rali y e e e d a n 20f t v me ns h vin adriv n;sp k tr h ym unte o th Jack- ;shaft and provided with releasable clutch ,-me ans for engaging the sprocket with the jackshaf t a earnin s r cketrotatahl lmqnntedepn th ia saidrdr ve resp q t an mean rific we ia th s o nedrum whe e 0 .sh f lia ese -den l e se d v ll e spr cke an ada te in c drive a d ven .m ah sm .Qlute means for selectively connecting the driving sprocket withthe jackshaft, and releasableclutc'h m an o e ta s i a i d v n c nnection b tween ,the driven sprocket and the dr ing sprocket. whereby the sprockets may rotateasla unit independently of the jackshaft.

1'7. In' adrilling rig,the combinationof a power input shaft, .a ljackshaft parallel thereto, bearings .forrotatably suppor-ting theshafts, a spooling drum, .a drive sprocket on the jackshaft, transmission-connections whereby the drive sprocket vma d e h se l'ms dru e r v n nroe e .ro ably m a e e h iaekeh a d ada te todrive a driven mechanism,,clutch n eans selectively engaging the driving sprocket with the iaekshaft l speed dr v me s nc u n a-Y speed sprocket rotatably mounted, on the jack- 20 shaftlwherebythe power input shaftmay drive th J eks a t ond speed d i mean whereb th ee ..in sh may d v t i ekshait releasable clutch means for selectively engaging any one ,of ,said'drive means, additional clutch Ineans adapted to establish a direct drivingeonnection between the low speed sprocket a idthe driving sprocket independently of the jackshaft, wherebysaid sprockets may rotate as a unitand means whereby-the power inputflshaft maybe 'd ven- 18. 111 a rotary drawworks the combination of a irame, a drum shaft rotatably supported onthe frame and having a spoolingdrum thereon, a line shaft divided into two axially realigned and independently rotatablesections, axiallyspaced bearin s. .on i the frame for independently supporting each of .said lineshaft sections, releasable vol tcih means for connecting the adjacent ends of the line shaft sections, means .whereby one of'the ilineoshaft,sections may drive the drum,l s aid .es inglthe sprockets for dependentrotation, adriven sprocket rotatably mounted on the other-line shaft section at a-lposition outboardrof the bear- .ingstherefor, clutch means for connecting the .lattensaidsprocket to the 1atter ;said lineishaft I swtiene mlmea s o im ne s rd v n th said driven sprockets at different speeds.

19. Ina rotary drawworks, the combination of --a--f rame,- a;drum shaft rotatably supported on the :frame and having. a spooling drumthereon, aline shaft-divided intotwo axially. aligned and independently rotatable sections, axiallyspaced bear.- -ings onthe frame for independently supporting each of said line shaft sections, releasableclutch 'means forconnec'ting the adjacent ends of- -the line shaft sections, means whereby one of -"the line shaft sections may drive the drum,=-said meansincluding a driving sprocket mounted-on said line shaft section outboard of its supporting bearings, a driven sprocket mounted coaxially of the driving sprocket, clutch means for connecting the sprockets for dependent rotation, a driven sprocket rotatably mounted on the otherline shaft section ataposition outboard of the bearvrings therefor, clutch means for connecting the latter saidrsprocket to the latter saidjine shaft section, a power take-off sprocket for driving a dr ven me han m th .s r e e heinafiredt th s end f..t.he let er. sa n h t ect qn were f omjthelatter .4 clutch. meansrand ,mealit e simultaneously driving the said driven sprockets housing fixed with respect to the shaftelement,

said friction clutch assembly being operable to connect the sprocket in driving relationship with the shaft element, an energy-absorbing brake mounted coaxially of the shaft element, releasable clutch means for directly connecting the clutch housing in driving relationship with the i9 energy absorbing brake, and said sprocket.

means for driving FORREST J. YOUNG.

REFERENCES or an The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,999,810 Young Feb. 12, 1935 1,992,912 De La Mater Feb. 26, 1935 2,051,249 Edwards Aug. 18, 1936 2,243,155 Howe et al May 27, 1941 2,246,478 Guier June 17, 1941 2,309,285 Walton Jan. 26, 1943 2,316,131 Cardwell Apr. 6, 1943 2,339,450 Ashton Jan. 18, 1944 2,344,681 Deschner Mar. 21, 1944 2,354,235 Walton July 25, 1944

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