US2180862A - Gas range - Google Patents

Description

NOV. 21, 1939. ]E CHAMBERS 2,180,862

GAS RANGE Filed Feb. l0, 1936 Patented Nv.21, 1939 r i 2,180,862

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE John E. Chambers, Slielbgzll'lllel,1:11:11.s 073 ll' fllm My invention relates to gas ranges and espeof the main burner are located near the upper cially to gas ranges provided with a pilot-burner ends of a series of hollow bosses which project arrangement of the explosion type. In that kind upwardly from and are in communication with of pilot-burner arrangement, a small portion of an annular conduit conveying the mixture of gas the gas and air mixture supplied to the main and primary air, which annular conduit is parburner is mixed with additional air and oontially surrounded by the delaying passage ducted through a tube to a pilot-burner which through which it is connected with the burner causes a mild explosion within the tube and throat. Conveniently, the annular conduit, the ignites the main burner. delaying passage, and the throat are all formed in The above described pilot-burner arrangement a single metal casting which, immediately in- 10 works satisfactorily as long as the gas issuing wardly from the throat, is provided with a port from the main burner is unconned. In some through which a portion oi the mixture of gas types of gas ranges, however, it is customary to and primary air is supplied to the tube leading enclose the main burner within a bowl-shaped to the'pilot-burner. y housing which, when its upper end is covered as y The accompanying drawing illustrates my in- 15 with a kettle or other article to be heated, serves vention: Fig. l is a top plan view of a gas-range to confine the gas issuing from the main burner burner and an associated pilot-burner arrangeprlor to its ignition with the result that there is ment; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the sometimes present in the bowl vor main-burnerl lower part of the burner shown in Fig, 1; Fig, 3 housing e Considerable VOlume 0feXDlcSiVe ges is a vertical section on the line 3-3 ofv Fig. 1 20 and air mixture Which, When ignited from the showing the burner and the housing enclosing it pilot burner, is apt to explode with disagreeable in the complete gas range; Fig. 4 is a. plan view Consequencesof the gas burner and its associated housing; Broadly stated, it is the object of my invention Fig 5 is a diagrammatic plan View of the bui-ner to prevent or materially decrease the poss1bilityy illustrating the arrangement of poi-ts; and Fig 6 25 of any undesirable explosion Within the main- 1s a vertical section on the line s-s of Fig, 1. burner housing when the gas from the The burner proper illustrated in the drawing' main burner is ignited by a pllOt-burnel' elembodies an annular conduit Ill from which there rangement 0f the eXDlcSlcn t'Iype More specifi' extend upwardly a plurality of hollow bosses II .30 cellihit iS my Object t0 DfeVent the accumula' each provided around its'top with a circumferen- 30 tion of a large quantity of gas within the maintial series of gasqiorts l2 burner housing prior to ignition. by the pilot- In the cc,mplete as ange, the burner deburnel- A further Object 0f my lnventicn i5 to scribed is centrally located beneath a circular prevent the accumulation of unburned gas in opening in the cooking top l5, and from the rim the manbnfner hcueing by means which may of this openingthere depends a generally bowl- 35 be'SmDly and eccncn'ncauy embodied in any type shaped enclosure I6vprovided in its bottom with 0f gas range. a pair of openings I1 through each of which two A further object of my 1nvent1on 1s to produce of the bosses l extend- In the open upper end an lm p'lOVed type 0f ges burner in which the of the housing I6, there is disposed a grid I8 possiblllty of interference between names adapted to support a vessel or other object which from different DOIS iS reducedis to be heated from the burner.

In Carrying out n1y inyenticn I Provide for a The entire burner is conveniently formed as a certelin delay 0f the Supply 0f gas te tne main' single casting of metal, and is provided with a burner, dunne Whlcn delay en exploswe mix' throat 20, a gas-inlet port 2l, and a primary-air ture will be conducted to the p1lotburner, with inlet port M A Suitable means, such as the disk 45 the result that no vsubstantial quantity of gas 23 vertically adjustable by the sci-ew 24, is pro- Will have iesued from the main'burner by the vided for regulating the elective size of the pritilne the Pnct'bnmer cperates- As a practical mary-air inlet port 22. It will be understood embodiment 0f my invention I Provide a pas' that a gas nozzle or spud will be located to sage of considerableextent between the ports discharge through the gas port 2| as indicated 50 of the main burner and the throat through which by the arrow in Flg, 2, the mixture of gas and primary air enter, and The throat 2|! is not directly connected to the I supplythe tube leading to the pilot burner with annular conduit III beneath the bosses I I, but a mixture of gas and air from a point closely instead is connected thereto through a delaying adjacent to the throat. Preferably, the ports passage 25 which is conveniently formed in- 55 tegrally with the burner in the casting thereof and which partly surrounds the annular conduit I0, being separated from the conduit I9 by an arcuate partition 29 which, as shown, is approxiburner 39 is more fully set forth in the copending-` application of Thomas E. Phares, Serial No. 71,113, nled March 27, 1936.

In the operation of the burner. gas supplied to it enters through the port 2| and becomes mixed in the throat 20 with the primary air admitted through the port 29. throat 20 the mixture of gas and primary air divides, the major portion continuing through the delaying passage 25 and the minor portion being delivered through the port 2l to theexplosion tube 29', the latter portion becoming mixed with additional air to create an explosive mixture, as more fully set forth in the co-pending application above referred to, When the explosive mixture in the tube 29 reaches the pilot-burner 39 it is exploded whereby to cause the emergence of a flame from that end of the explosion tube 29 which is adjacent the main burner. By the time the explosion has occurred in the 'explosion tube 29 the maior portion of the mixture of gas and primary air will have reached the annular conduit Ill and will be discharging from the ports I2, so that when the explosion occurs in the explosion tube the gas emerging from the ports I2 will be ignited. If the annular conduit I9 communicated directly with the throatl 20 instead of through the delaying passage 25, a considerable quantity of air and gas mixture would accumulate within the housing I 9 by the time the explosion in-the tube 29 occurred; and if the proportions of the mixture in the housing were within the range necessary to render that mixture explosive in character, an explosion of disagreeable proportions might occur within the housing. Because of the time lag created by the inclusion of the delaying passage 25, however, only a small quantity of gas will have emerged from the ports I2 of the main burner by the time the explosion` in the tube 29 occurs, and thus an explosion of major proportions within the housing I 5 is prevented.

I nd that more efficient burning of the gas within the housing I6 is obtained if the jets emerging from the ports in the bosses II are so disposed as to prevent any two of them from coming into direct engagement. To this end, I dispose the ports I2 as indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 5, from which it is apparent that in no case are adjacent bosses II provided with alined ports discharging directly toward each other.

With a burner ofthe type shown in which the main ports I2 are materially higher than the' explosion tube 29 ofthe pilot-burner arrangement, the end of the tube'25l is preferably located adjacent one of the bosses Il and that boss is provided with a vertically amending series of aux- Immediately beyond the iliary ports I2'. When the explosion in the tube 29 occurs, the flame emerging from the end of the tube will ignite gas emerging from the lowermost auxiliary port I2', and the flame will be carried up the series of auxiliary ports to the main ports I2.

In practice, the effective length of the delaying passage 25 will be related to the length of the explosion tube, This relation may vary considerably depending upon several factors, and is perhaps best determined by experiment. If the delaying passage is too short relative to the length oi' the explosion tube, the benefit of its presence may be lost, as an explosion in the tube 29 might not occur until after an explosive mixture had formed in the housing It. .0n the other hand, if the delaying passage is too long. an explosion may occur in the explosion tube before gas has reached the ports I2'. This latter possibilityis not serious; for, if the main burner does not ignite when the explosion occurs in the tube '29, another explosion will occur within a few seconds. In general, I ilnd that the distance gas must travel from the port 28 to the main-burner ports nearest the explosion tube should approximate, or perhaps be somewhat greater than, the length of the explosion tube.

'I'he particular burner structure shown has proven very emcient in use. The annular shape of the conduit III permits an adequate supply of secondary air to the center of the area covered by the flames. The ports I2 are directed upwardly and outwardly at an inclination of about 30 to the horizontal, which arrangement tends to reduce the vertical space occupied by the flame. Ihis is of advantage, since if the. flame is located too close to a relatively cold vessel on the grid, the gases are chilled before combustion is complete and carbon monoxide escapes unburned. By arranging the ports I2 of adjacent bosses I I so that the iiames from such bosses will be staggered, I prevent a ame from one boss from robbing the adjacent ame from another boss of air and I also prevent the direct impingement of gas streams which would result in a material upward displacement of the flames. All of the features mentioned co-operate to produce a concentration and even distribution of flame, whereby the total horizontal area 'covered by the flames is reduced to an effective minimum and the greatest absorption of heat by a vessel on the grid is secured.

I claim as my invention:

In a gas-range, an open-topped burner-enclosure, a burner disposed beneath said enclosure Vand having bosses projecting upwardly thereinto, each of said bosses at its upper end having a series of burner ports, a mixture-supply conduit having a flash-tube port disposed near the bottom of one ofsaidvbosses, the boss adjacent said flash-tube; poqhaving a row of ignite'r ports extending fromytlievicinity of said` l flash-tube port upwardly toward its burner ports, said mixture-supply conduit continuing past said flash-tube port and communicating with said burner at a remote point, a pilot burner, and a flash tube forconveying mixture from said flashtube port to said pilot burner.

J OHN E. CHAMBERS.

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