US2172876A - Duplicating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

sept, 12, 1939. A. MARCH@ 2,172,876

DUPLICATING APPARATUS Filed June 26, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 .N% N u Sept. 12, 1939. A. MARCHEV DUPLICATING APPARATUS Filed June 26, 193'? Sept 12,1939- A. MARcHEv 2,172y876 DUPLICATING APPARATUS Filed June 26, 1937 4 .Sheets-Sheet 3 Sep@ my @B99 A. MARGH@ DUPLICATING APPARATUS' i snewsmsheet 4 Filed June 26, 1937 Patented Sept. 12, 1939 vuNlrriezlJ-g' lSTATES y aimais nUPLrcA'rmc ArrAaA'rUs Alfred Marehev, La Grange, lll., assignor to Ditto Incorporated, `Chicago, IIL, a corporation of West Virginia vApplieettien' June 26,1931, semina. 150,505 s claim. (ci. 1v1-132) The invention relates to duplicating apparatus and has for its primary object the provision of duplicating apparatus which will operate at a relatively high speed.

5 l One form of the invention is embodied in a duplicating machine which comprises a rotatable duplicating .drum carrying a master from which copies are to be made, the copy sheets being pressed against the master sheet by a plurality of i platen rollers. Each platen roller preferably applies all portions of the copy sheet to the master sheet. The force with which the platen rollers press the copy sheets against the master may be adjusted or varied on both rolls simultaneously l or the force with which each roll passes the copy sheets against the master sheet may be adjuste individually.

An advantage attending the use of a plurality of platen rollers is that` the duplicating machine may be operated at a high rate of speed as each of the platen rollers forces the copy sheets against the master sheet and therefore the copy sheets are in contact with the master sheet twice as long as they would be if a single'platen roller were used and the machine operated at the same speed.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent asthe following detailed description progresses, referance being had to the accompanying drawings, whereln- Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through a duplicating machine which embodies the invention. Y

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

35 Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section taken on line.

`3--3ofFlg.1. y.

Fig. 4 is a section taken lon line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a'plan section taken. on line 5--5 of Fig. 1'.`v 40 Fig. 6 is a section taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a section taken on line T-I of Fig. '6. Fig. 8 is a section taken on line 8--8 of Fig. 6, and

Fig. 9 is a section taken'online 9 9 of Fig. 6..

Referring tothe drawingsy wherein a preferred form of the invention is illustrated, the reference character I0 designates generally the frame of the improved vduplicating machine. Rotatably m mounted in the frame I0 isla printing or duplicating drum I I which'is constrained to" rotate with a gear I2. A pinion I3, which meshes'with the gear'l2, is'fxed to a Ashafti4 rotatably journalled in the frame I0. The shaft I4 has a crank lever 55 'I5 pinned thereto. Obviously, when the crank lever I5 is rotated, the duplicating drum II will also rotate. t

The machine is* provided with a table I6 adapted to receive a stack of 4copy sheets which may be advanced one by one to a pair `oi lcom- 5 bined feeding and moistening rollers I'I and I8. The roller I'I is contacted by astrip of felt 20 which projects from -a container 2l adapted to hold asupply of solvent. When the copy sheets (not shown) pass between the rollers I'I and I8, 10 the upper surfaces of the copy sheets are meistened with the solvent by the roller I1 which obtains the solvent from the felt 2l.

vThe drum II is provided with a plurality of gripper units 25 adapted to clamp a master sheet 15 26 upon the drum.

Constrained to rotate with the drum II is a large gear 28 'which meshes with an idler pinion 29. The idler pinion 29 meshes with a. pinion 30 with which the roller I'l is constrained to rotate. 20 The roller I8 is driven by reason of its frictional engagement with the roller I1.

The'master sheets have the data to be duplicatedwritten or typewrltten thereon in reverse so that when a. portion of the carbon or ink'is 25y dissolved and transferred to the moistened surface of the copy sheet, it will appear in correct, readable form. 'Ihe solvent on the copy sheets is applied, of course, to the, carbon or ink on the master sheet and dissolves it gradually. 30

It will be noted that the roller I 8 is mounted on a shaft which hasV its ends supported by levers 3G pivoted upon Vpins 31 projecting from the frame. Springs 39 engage toothed ends of the levers 35 and yieldingly urge the roller I8 toward 35 l the roller I'I. i

It vmay be mentionedthat the container 2| is supplied with solvent from a larger container 40 by means whichdo not form apart of this invention. t A pair of platen rollers 4I and 42 cooperate with thefdrum 2I Iv to press the copy sheetsl against the master sheet 26. The rollers 4I and 42 are preferably formed from rubber andare preferably mounted upon shafts 43 and 44, respectively.. .45 e

The shafts 43 and 4 4 argmountedin means comprising a pair of levers 45 which are pivoted upon pins 46 mounted in the frame I0, The levers 45 arecpivoted intermediate. theixends and each Y lever comprises a downwardly `extending arm 45a. 50 through which a set. screw 41 is screw-threaded.A n Nuts 48 upon each set screw 41 are adapted to lock the set screw in adjusted positions relative to the arm 45a. The head of leach set screw f,41.rides upon an eccentric Slilxed to a shaft 5,I\.whlch is `55 rotatably journalled in the frame I0. A knob 53, shown in' dotted lines in Fig. 1, is mounted upon one end of the shaft and maybe rotated by the operator to rotate the shaft 5| and the eccentrics 50, The eccentrics 50 may be rotated to displace the levers 45a in a clockwise direction (Fig. 1) to-increase the force with which the platen rollers `y4| and 42 press /copysheets against l' vthe master sheet l26. Also, if it is so desired, the

eccentrics 50 may be rotated to diminish the force with which the platen rollers 4| and 42 will press copy sheets against the master sheet 26. The ends of the shaft 43 are mounted in ball bearings 55 which simply rest in semi-circular notches 56 formed in the upper ends of the ylevers 45. Set screws 51 screw-threaded through lugs 58 and 59 formed integral with the -levers 45 support Athe ball bearings 55 and may be manipulated to raise or lower the ball bearings so as to vary the force with which the roller 4| will press copy sheets against the master sheet l26.

The shaft 44 has its ends mounted in ball bearings 60 which, in turn, are mounted in collars 6|, the collars 6| being seated in recesses 63 formed in cap members l and 66. 'I'he cap member 65 has a slot 68 extending diametrically of it in its outer end surface. Riding in the slot 68 is a tongue or lug 69 formed on a pin 10 which is provided with a knurled knob 1| which may be rotated by the operator to rotate the pin 10. A collar 13 formed integral with the pin 10, is adapted to abut against the outer slotted end surface of the cap 65. A. compression spring 14 disposed around the pin 10 is interposed between the collar 13 and a washer 15 which bears against an inner surface,` of the' frame I0. (Fig. 6.) Obviously, the spring 14 yieldingly urges the pin 10 to the right (Fig. 6) to hold the collar -13 against the outer end surface of the cap member Extending through a bore 80 formed in the knob 1| is a pin 82 provided with an integral col#- lar 83 which normally abuts against a shoulder 84 formed in the bore 80. The outer end of the Ibore 80 is closed by a bushing 86 which has a hole through it to accommodate the pin 82. A compression spring 81 disposed around the pin 82 and interposed between the bushing 86 and thecollar 83 yieldingly urges the. pin 82 to the right (Fig. 6) so that'the right hand end (Fig. 6) of the pin 82 will normally engage one of a plurality of holes 30 formed in a plate 9| which is secured to the frame I0 by screws 82 (Fig. 7). It will be noted that the holes 90 areof such size and are spaced in such manner that they open into each other so that while they are not really'separate holes, they serve in the same manner as if they were separate hles. When the pin 82 engages one of the holes 90, it holds the` knob 1| against rotation. The pin 82 is provided with a knurled head 34 whereby the pin may be displaced longitudinally against the action of the spring 81 to disengage the pin from one of the holes 80.

It will be noted that the pin 10 extends through an arcuate slot 81 provided in the plate 8| and it also extends through a corresponding arcuaterecess 63 is eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of the cap member 65.

The cap member 66 is identical in construction with the cap member 65 except for the fact that it does not have a slot 68. The cap members 65 and 66 ride in semi-circular notches L45h provided in the-upper ends of the levers 45. A bar |00 extends between and is secured to the cap members 65 and 66, the construction being such that whenthe cap member 65 is rotated in its arcuate notch 45h, of the associated lever 45, the cap member 66 will rotate in unison through the same angular distance. It will be readily understood that if the pin 82 is withdrawn from engagement with one of the holes and the knob 1| is rotated, the cap member 65 will also rotate and will cause the roller 42 to move towards or away from the drum the direction in which the roller 42 is ldisplaced being dependent upon the direction in which the knob 1| is rotated. Such adjustment permits one to vary or adjust the force with which the platen roller 42 applies the copy sheets to the master sheet 26. Obviously, if it is so desired, the platen roller 42 may be brought into a position wherein it does not cooperate with the drum and all of the duplicating work may be done by the drum and the platen roller 4|. may be rendered functionally inoperative so that all the work can be done by the roller 42.

When a duplicating machine of the kind described is in operation, but is provided with only one platen roller, the speed at which the machine can be operated is oftentimes limited by the necessity for running it slow enough so that each copy sheet will remain in contact with the master sheet a sufficient length of time to obtain a good copy of the data on the master sheet. Of course, the copy sheets are being advanced between the drum and the single platen roller but unless they operate slow enough, poor copies will be the result. By using two platen rollers, the speed of the machine can be increased materially and there is considerable saving of time.

Pivoted upon the pins 31 are a pair of levers |05 which have semi-circular notches |06 which rotatably journal the ends of a shaft |01 which carries the felt roller |08. Both of the levers |05 are provided with notched ends |09, one of the notches in each end being engaged by a spring ||0 which yieldingly urges the roller |08 inal counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 4) around the pins 31 so that the roller |08 contacts the roller I8 and absorbs excess solvent that accumulates on the roller 'I 8. The other end of each spring I0 is fixed to a pin (not shown) projecting from the frame I0. 'Ihe force with which the felt roller |08 bears against the roller I8 may be varied by hooking the springs ||0 in other notches of the notched ends |09.

'I'he roller |'I is preferably formed from nonabsorbent material, the roller |8 preferably being formed of absorbent material.

While I have shown and described certain embodiments of my invention, itis to be understood that it is capable of many modifications. Changes, therefore, in the construction and arrangement may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as disclosed in the appended claims, in which it is my intention to claim all novelty inherent in my in-I vention as broadly as permissible, in view of the prior art.

I claim:

1. In a duplicating machine, the combination Likewise, the platen roller 4'| of a frame, a duplicating drum rotatably mounted in the frame, means for driving s'aidv drum, means for mounting a master sheet on said drum so as torevolve therewith, a support adjacent to the drum along which a copy sheet may be moved to the drum, and a plurality of platen rollers in spaced relation to each other about the drum adapted to press' copy sheets against said master sheet at a plurality of points across the sheets when-such copy sheets are fed from the support between the drum and oneof said platen rollers.

2. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a frame, a duplicating drum rotatably mounted in the frame, means for driving said drum, means for mounting a master sheet on said drum so as to revolve therewith, a table adjacent to y said drum along which a copy sheet may be moved to the drum, two levers pivotally mounted on a horizontal axis on said frame at opposite ends of said drum, a platen roller journalled in said levers between said axis and the-drum in position to engage the drum, a second platen roller journalled in said levers in spaced relation to said rst named platen roller circumferentially of the drum, means for swinging said levers in unisonv for moving said platen rollers toward and from said drum, and means for adjusting said platen rollers with respect to said levers for bringing said rollers into substantially even pressure relationship to said drum. ,f

3. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a frame, a duplicating drum rotatably mounted in the frame, means for driving said drum, means for mounting a master sheet on said drum so as to revolve therewith, a table adjacent to said drum along which a copy sheet may be moved to the drum, two supporting members movably mounted in position at opposite ends of said drum, a platen roller rotatably mounted on said supporting members, ay second platen roller, means comprising eccentric bearing members for mounting' said 'second roller on said supporting members, means for causing said eccentric bearing members to rotate in unison, one of said eccentric bearing members being provided with a groove across its face, a pin rotatably mounted in position in engagement with said groove for rotating said eccentric bearing members, and means for locking said pin against rotary movement.

4. In a duplicating'machine, the combination of a frame, a duplicating drum rotatably mounted inthe frame, means for driving said drum, means for mounting a master sheet on said drum so as to revolve therewith, a table adjacent to said drum along which a copy sheet may be moved to the drum, two supporting members movably mounted in position at opposite ends of said drum, a platen roller rotatably mounted on o said supporting members, a second platen roller,

ing members to rotate in unison, one of said eccentric bearing members being provided with a groove across its face, a pin rotatably mounted in position in engagement with said groove for rotating said eccentric bearing members, a head mounted on said pin for rotating the pim-and a detent yieldingly mounted in said head in position to engage any of a plurality of openings in the frame for locking. said pin against rotary movement from the desired adjusted position.

5. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a frame, a duplicating drum rotatably mounted in the frame, means for driving said drum, means for mounting a master sheet on said drum so as to revolve therewith, a support adjacent to the drum along which a copy sheet may be moved to the drum, two supporting membersA movably mounted in position at opposite ends of said drum, a platen roller rotatably mounted on said supporting members, a second platen roller, means comprising eccentric bearing members for mounting said second roller on said supporting members, means connecting said bearing members together whereby a rotary adjustment of one causes a corresponding adjustment ofl the other, a pin rotatably and slidably mounted in the frame opposite one of said bearing members so as to havetransversely adjustable engagement with said bearing member for rotating it and so as to be movable longitudinally out of engagementwith the bearing member, and means for holding said pin releasably against rotary movement for maintaining said second platen roller in its adjustedposition.

6. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a frame, a duplicating drum rotatably mounted in the frame, means for driving said drum, means for mounting a master sheet on said drum so as to revolve therewith, a support adjacent to the drum along which a copy sheet may be moved to the drum, two supporting members movably mounted in positionv at opposite ends of said drum, a platen roller rotatably mounted on said supporting members, -eccentric bearing members rotatably mounted in notches in said supporting members, a second platen roller rotatably mounted in said eccentric bearing mem- -bers so as to be movable toward and from said drum, a crossbar connecting said eccentric bearing members together whereby a rotary adjustment of one causes a corresponding adjustment of the other, a pin rotatably and slidably mounted in the frame opposite one of said eccentric bearing members so as to have transversely adjustable engagement with said bearing member for rotating it and so as to b e movable longitudinally out of engagement with the bearing ALFRED MARCHEV.

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