US2170694A - Electromagnetic switch and system therefor - Google Patents

Electromagnetic switch and system therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
US2170694A
US2170694A US166787A US16678737A US2170694A US 2170694 A US2170694 A US 2170694A US 166787 A US166787 A US 166787A US 16678737 A US16678737 A US 16678737A US 2170694 A US2170694 A US 2170694A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
switch
armature
coil
magnet
closed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US166787A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles L Perry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE442994D priority Critical patent/BE442994A/xx
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US166787A priority patent/US2170694A/en
Priority to FR844090D priority patent/FR844090A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2170694A publication Critical patent/US2170694A/en
Priority to US322786A priority patent/US2260810A/en
Priority to FR51434D priority patent/FR51434E/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/01—Relays in which the armature is maintained in one position by a permanent magnet and freed by energisation of a coil producing an opposing magnetic field

Definitions

  • My invention relates to electromagnetically operated switches and has for its object a simple and reliable electromagnetic switch and system therefor which is held of permanently magnetizable material, and which may be opened and closed by operating coils or opened an overload by. a currentresponsive coil.
  • I provide an electromagnet for closing the switch, this magnet-being provided with an armature connected to the switch and a magnet frame member provided with the holding magnet. made of a material having a highcoercive force which holds residual flux when magnetized so as to hold the switch closed. provided for. attracting the armature to close the switch.
  • a second operating coil connected to oppose the holding magnet is provided for releasing the armature to allow the switch to open, and if-desired, one or more additional coils also opposing or neutralizing the holding magnet may be provided and energized in response to the current in the switch so as to open the switch on overload.
  • FIG. 1 of which is a side elevation view of a switch embodying my invention
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram .ofa control system for an electric motor utilizing this switch.
  • I provide a pivoted armature l0 mounted rigidly on a pivot shaft I I together with a magnet frame member l2 .of soft magnet core iron and a plurality of operating coils l3, l4, l5 and I6 provided with an axially extending core II.
  • This core I] which forms a field structure with the member l2 has a relatively short circular or disk-shaped portion [8, forming a holding magnet, made of a suitable material having a high coercive force, and a relatively long portion made of soft magnet core iron constructed in two parts, I! and 20.
  • the armature II is providedavith a member 20a made of magnet core iron extending across the ends of the core I! and the frame member 2! when the armature is in attracted position as shown in Fig. 1 to complete a magnetic flux path between them.
  • the portion I8 is preferably made of a mate'- closedby a magnet made An, operating coil is,
  • coercive force consisting 20% nickel, and 5% cobalt, the balance being iron.
  • the core portion 1 8 forming the holding magnet has a length in the direction of the '7 lines of magnetic force, i. e. axially of the coils H to IE, which is only a fraction of its diameter as shown in Fig. 1.
  • this construction provides for much greater magnetic pull on thu armature per unit weight of holding magnet material than a construction of smaller diameter and greater axial length.
  • a core of this material four and one-quarter inches (4%") long by two inches (2") in diameter, in one device gave less pull on the armature than a. core one inch (1") long with a diameter of two and one-quarter inches (2%”) the remainder of the core in each case being of soft steel.
  • Another advantage of the axially short holding magnet isthat fewer turns in the operating coil are required to pick up the armature.
  • the movably mounted contacts of the switch are mechanically connected to the armature I0.
  • are secured to an extension 22 of the pivot shaft II to which the armature I0 is secured.
  • These movable contacts arms which form with their stationary contacts a three pole switch, are biased to their open circuit positions as by a suitable spring as shown or by the weight of the armature, the armature when released coming to rest against a stop 23 provided for it.
  • Fig. 2 I have shown a control system in which the switch of Fig. 1 is embodied, the switch being connected to control the supply of current from suitable three phase mains 24 to a three phase motor 25.
  • the coil It serves as an operating coil to pick up the armature and move it to its attracted position.
  • the coil I5 serves as an opening coil. This coil when energized produces a flux inopposition to the flux of the holding magnet thus neutralizing the magnet and releasing the armature which thereupon drops to move the contact arms 2
  • the coils l3 and N are connected respectively in two of the alternating current supply lines running to the electric motor 25. These coils are energized in response to the current passing through the switch,i. e. the current in the motor 25, and upon the occurrence of a predetermined switch arms 2i.
  • the relay coil 28 is again energized as pre-'" 70' current in these coils, neutralize the permanent magnet and allow the armature to drop and open the switch.
  • I have provided direct current supply mains 25 and 21 for energizing the coils i5 and I5, and also for energizing the coil 28 of a relay provided with bridging switch contacts 29 and 30.
  • This relay is biased to its open position, as shown by gravity, and when the switch arms 2
  • Two interlock switches 34 and 35 are mounted on the frame member l2 with their operating rod 36 in position to be engaged by an extension ill on the end of the armature 3 when the armature reaches its attracted position.
  • the switch 35 is normally closed whereas the switch 3:3 isnormally opened as indicated in Fig. 2, and the armature when picked up, closes the switch 34 and opens the switch 35, the switches being biased by a spring 31.
  • When it is desired to start the motor, the push? button 3
  • the push-button ll is depressed whereby the coil i is energized.
  • This circuit leads from the main 26 through the button M, the switch 36' which is then closed, the conductor 42, and the coil Hi to the main 2?.
  • the coils l3 and i4 produce jointly a magnetic flux suflicient to neutralize the holding magnet whereupon the armature Ill drops to open the switch arms 2
  • the switch 34 opens and switch 35 closes in accordance with their biases and the push-button 3
  • must now lie-depressed again'to energize the coil IS in order that the switch arms 2
  • This interlocking arrangement prevents repeated opening and closing of the switch-in the event that an overload oc-
  • the coils l3 and M are ef-- cars at the instant the switch closes and before the push-button 3
  • interlock switch 35 is closed'when the armature l0 isreleased, the armature cannot be picked up again because the relay switches 29 and 3B are both open thus maintaining open circuits for the coils i6 and 28.
  • must be released to close the relay switches 29 and 30, and then pressed.
  • the energization of the coils l3, It and id to open the switch demagnetizes the holding magnet
  • the pick-up coil it is energized however, the holding magnet is again magnetized and holds the switch closed.
  • a property of this material is that-after once being magnetized, it is very readily re-magnetized.
  • the pick-up coil it it must be energized with direct current in order that the holding magnet may be re-magnetized, while the opening coils l3, M and I5 may be energized with either alternating current or direct current. As shown, the coil i5 is energized with direct current and in that case it must be energized in such direction that its magnetic field opposes the field of the holding magnet.
  • the holding magnet i8 is located in a position, axially of the coils, which is remote from the armature no. In other words, the magnet core iron portions 99 and 26 are next to the armature. This isolation of the holding magnet from the armature assures that the effect of the residual magnetization of the holding magnet will not be sufficiently strong to hold the armature up in case it is accidentally knocked upward, but without completely seating the switch contacts.
  • electromagnet having a magnetic circuit formed at least in part of permanently magnetizable material disclosed in this application is covered by my copending application, Serial No. 218,829, filed'July 12, 1938, for Electromagnet.
  • an operating coil on said field structure for moving said armature to the closed circuit position
  • electrical connections for controlling the energization of said operating coil including a switch connected with the circuit of said operating coil so as to deenergize said coil when said switch is opened, and a mechanical connection between said switch and said armature for opening said switch when said armature is moved to its closed circuit position by said operating coil.
  • a relay switch biased to the open position, a coil for operating said relay switch to the closed position; a switch member biased to one position to close a circuitior said relay coil and thereby normally maintain said-coil energized and said relay switch closed, a connection whereby said relay coil is energized through said relay switch after said relay switch has closed, switching means for said operating coil closed by movement of said switch member to another position, and a switch operated by said armature for opening the circuits of said relay coil and said operating coil.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
US166787A 1937-10-01 1937-10-01 Electromagnetic switch and system therefor Expired - Lifetime US2170694A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE442994D BE442994A (en。) 1937-10-01
US166787A US2170694A (en) 1937-10-01 1937-10-01 Electromagnetic switch and system therefor
FR844090D FR844090A (fr) 1937-10-01 1938-09-29 Perfectionnements aux contacteurs électromagnétiques
US322786A US2260810A (en) 1937-10-01 1940-03-07 Control system
FR51434D FR51434E (fr) 1937-10-01 1941-03-05 Perfectionnements aux contacteurs électromagnétiques

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US166787A US2170694A (en) 1937-10-01 1937-10-01 Electromagnetic switch and system therefor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2170694A true US2170694A (en) 1939-08-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US166787A Expired - Lifetime US2170694A (en) 1937-10-01 1937-10-01 Electromagnetic switch and system therefor

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2170694A (en。)
BE (1) BE442994A (en。)
FR (2) FR844090A (en。)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2421998A (en) * 1941-05-16 1947-06-10 Signal Engincering & Mfg Compa Electrical circuit controlling device
US2452034A (en) * 1944-10-06 1948-10-26 Walter H Campbell Electrical drop signal device
US2504996A (en) * 1945-08-22 1950-04-25 Macdonald Waldron Shapleigh Electromotive device
US2505904A (en) * 1945-05-28 1950-05-02 Allen Bradley Co Holding relay with permanent magnet
US2538819A (en) * 1948-09-07 1951-01-23 Kellogg Switchboard & Supply Plural armature electromagnetic counting device
US2541018A (en) * 1946-11-01 1951-02-13 Signal Tuned Radio Corp Stop-on-signal radio apparatus
US2552636A (en) * 1949-02-14 1951-05-15 Herbert Clemmens Time-delay relay arrangement
US2565911A (en) * 1948-01-28 1951-08-28 Frank T Cooper Electronic device for sound reproduction of musical instruments
US2715719A (en) * 1951-06-14 1955-08-16 Itt Remote supervisory and control system
US2869050A (en) * 1952-01-04 1959-01-13 Magnetic circuits
US2871676A (en) * 1954-07-06 1959-02-03 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus with magnetic latch
US3022400A (en) * 1957-06-27 1962-02-20 Ahlefeldt Rolf S Von Two-way solenoid
US3109126A (en) * 1959-12-09 1963-10-29 Gen Signal Corp Magnetic stick type relay
US3142036A (en) * 1958-06-09 1964-07-21 Ibm Multi-aperture magnetic core storage device
US3153227A (en) * 1960-06-30 1964-10-13 Monroe Int Display device having magnetically controlled plural indicia plates
US3161806A (en) * 1961-03-06 1964-12-15 Control device and circuits for electric bedcovers
US3217122A (en) * 1961-11-01 1965-11-09 Automatic Elect Lab Bi-stable reed relay
US3239721A (en) * 1958-12-18 1966-03-08 Monroe Int Electromagnetically controlled readout device
US3506883A (en) * 1965-12-22 1970-04-14 Heiwa Electric Electrical locking device
US4409552A (en) * 1981-04-16 1983-10-11 Honeywell Inc. Cyclic means with magnetic latch for checking switch integrity

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2421998A (en) * 1941-05-16 1947-06-10 Signal Engincering & Mfg Compa Electrical circuit controlling device
US2452034A (en) * 1944-10-06 1948-10-26 Walter H Campbell Electrical drop signal device
US2505904A (en) * 1945-05-28 1950-05-02 Allen Bradley Co Holding relay with permanent magnet
US2504996A (en) * 1945-08-22 1950-04-25 Macdonald Waldron Shapleigh Electromotive device
US2541018A (en) * 1946-11-01 1951-02-13 Signal Tuned Radio Corp Stop-on-signal radio apparatus
US2565911A (en) * 1948-01-28 1951-08-28 Frank T Cooper Electronic device for sound reproduction of musical instruments
US2538819A (en) * 1948-09-07 1951-01-23 Kellogg Switchboard & Supply Plural armature electromagnetic counting device
US2552636A (en) * 1949-02-14 1951-05-15 Herbert Clemmens Time-delay relay arrangement
US2715719A (en) * 1951-06-14 1955-08-16 Itt Remote supervisory and control system
US2869050A (en) * 1952-01-04 1959-01-13 Magnetic circuits
US2871676A (en) * 1954-07-06 1959-02-03 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus with magnetic latch
US3022400A (en) * 1957-06-27 1962-02-20 Ahlefeldt Rolf S Von Two-way solenoid
US3142036A (en) * 1958-06-09 1964-07-21 Ibm Multi-aperture magnetic core storage device
US3239721A (en) * 1958-12-18 1966-03-08 Monroe Int Electromagnetically controlled readout device
US3109126A (en) * 1959-12-09 1963-10-29 Gen Signal Corp Magnetic stick type relay
US3153227A (en) * 1960-06-30 1964-10-13 Monroe Int Display device having magnetically controlled plural indicia plates
US3161806A (en) * 1961-03-06 1964-12-15 Control device and circuits for electric bedcovers
US3217122A (en) * 1961-11-01 1965-11-09 Automatic Elect Lab Bi-stable reed relay
US3506883A (en) * 1965-12-22 1970-04-14 Heiwa Electric Electrical locking device
US4409552A (en) * 1981-04-16 1983-10-11 Honeywell Inc. Cyclic means with magnetic latch for checking switch integrity

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR51434E (fr) 1942-06-24
FR844090A (fr) 1939-07-18
BE442994A (en。)

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