US2169474A - Building frame construction - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 15, 1939. 'M. K. FQEDERSON I 2,169,474

BUILDING FRAME CONSTRUCTION Filed March 18, 1938 2 SheetS Sheet J. i J

15, 1939- K. psnsRsm I 2,169,474

BUILDING FRAME CONSTRUCTION Filed March 18, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 5 Inv 1/507" WWJW 9 Ali neys Patented Aug. 15, i939 UNITED STATES PATENT m Myron K. Pederson, Albert Lea, Minn. Application March 18, 1938,-Serial No. 196,686

1 Claim.

time required for-construction of buildings.

Anotherobject is to provide a wood frame for 'a building having an arch roof wherein the usual trusses are eliminated and the quantity of framing material is reduced by a novel arrangement of arcuate rafters each composed of a number of laminations which are unusually resistant to sagging and in which internal stresses are reduced to a minimum by securing the abutting surfaces of the laminae together uniformly and continuously throughout their length.

A particular object is to construct combined or continuous studding and arcuate rafter members froma multiplicity-of small, inexpensive wood strips of such width-and thickness and so proportioned and secured together that greatly increased strength and rigidity is obtained in the composite members while internal stresses are uniformly distributed and minimized.

A further object is to provide a novel and unusually strong wood frame for buildings of the Gothic type wherein the principal load supporting members extend continuously from the foundation to the ridge.

My improved rafter is particularly although not exclusively adaptedfor use in constructingbarns and other farm buildings.

In the accompanying drawings the invention is illustrated as a frame for a large barn .of the Gothic type. v

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical cross section through my improved frame;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same:

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevation showing my preferred type of connection between the frame and foundation.

Fig. 4 is an end view showing one of my improved frame members in a preferred relationship to foundation, sill, girt, joist and sweep;

Fig. 5 is a side view showing one of the joints between a rafter, floor joist and girt;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the dowels for joining the floor joists to the rafters, and

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one of the metal angles employed in connecting the lower ends ,of the rafters to the sills. In the drawings the numeral 8 indicates a suitable foundation for the walls of a building. Sill plates 9 for the side wallsa're anchored to the foundation by bolts l0 (Fig. 3). My combined studding and rafter members are indicated generally by the numeral I l and each is composed of a multiplicity of strips l2 (Fig. 4) of wood, preferably not more than one inch. in thickness and about two inches in width. These strips are secured together, face to, face, throughout their length by strong, Water-resistant adhesive. For most large barns the studding or upright portion of each of the members II is composed of nine laminae of the strips l2 and the rafter portions, above the girts l3, are composed of seven m -thicknesses of the strips I 2. Each lamina is formed from a plurality of relatively short strips l2 placed end to end, the end joints l4 being staggered, as indicated in Fig. 4 to avoid unnecessary weakening of the composite member atany point. v Each of the members ii is pre-fabricated and its arcuate shape is permanently imparted to it by bending the component, freshly glued strips l2 into a form having thedesired curvature and then applying substantially uniformly distributed pressure, preferably in excess of two hundred pounds per square inch, edgewise of the composite member, for a period of hours While the adhesive sets and dries. The composite rafter and wallgg members for the larger buildings are thus provided in lengths in excess of thirty feet and upon removal from the forms have great rigidity and strength against sagging. They retain their ar cuate form permanently independently of other frame members by reason of the fact that the grain of the wood in strips of not more than an inch in thickness is only slightly stressed when such strips are bent to arcuate form and the adhesive and adjoining members distribute the longitudinally directed shearing force uniformly throughout the length of the component members, the adhesive having greater strength than the wood itself. The quality thus imparted to the rafter members makes them practically sag-proof 0 and unlike laminated framing members in which nails, bolts or other spaced fastening devices are used in wood. Experience has shown that such spaced fastening devices work loose in the relatively soft wood and cause sagging of the roof 7 supported thereby, after a period of use. The several strips of my improvedrafter members are prevented from straightening by the adhesive, but their tendency to straighten out to the original shape places them, individually, under 5 moderate stress radially of the roof arch and this imparts to the composite structure great resistance to roof loads and forces tending to produce sag or other distortion.

As best shown in Fig. 1,'each of the members 2 r 2,100,414 H extends continuously from a sillplate O to suitable manner and,asillustratedinFig. 1, comthe ridge pole I! of the building and a pair of prises studding 12. the members ll, extending in a common vertical Tests have shown that the members II are applane, one oppositev the other, define the comproximately 25% stronger than ordinary raftersplete arch of the roof and side walls. Pairs of of like material and have much greater resist- 5 the members H are secured to the ridge pole Ii ance to sag by reason of the laminated structure at'suitabl e spaced intervals, as indicated in Fig. and uniform distribution of radial stress here- 2 and" the lower end of each of the members It inbefore described. This makes itunnecessary is fastened to one of the sill plates 0 by a'metal to employ trusses to give the necessary rigidity angle l8 and bolts passed through perforations to the roof and makes it practical to construct m in the sill plate, metal angles and members II, as a large hay loft with entirely unobstructed space best shown in Figs. 3 and 4. between the rafters, an obviously advantageous 1 The girts II are preferably supported on shoulfeature. By the use of my improved, unitary and ders formed by the upper ends of two of the continuous rafter and wall members, construcstrips II of each of the several members II and 'tion of the building is greatly facilitated and the 5 are secured to the several'members H by nailtime consumed in erecting the frame is greatly e se, as des red. The floor joists l1 reduced because of the greatly reduced number for the second floor or loft of the building rest of members embodied in the frame. A large savon the girts l1 and each of these joists has ends ing in the cost of the building also results from which overlap the members II and are severally the fact that the continuous wall and rafter a secured thereto by a dowel is, and bolt Is. The m m s ar n tru ted m s n p d lg are countersunk 18% t adjoining sive, small strips. which are prefabricated or faces of the ioists i1 and members If as indijoined gether and permanently shaped to ted in 1 5 and the bolts n are inserted exact are required at relatively small expense. through perforations in the members ll, dowels Having described m invention what I claim II and joists II. By this arrangement the floor K g 3 g giggr z gfi g z igfigzag a e r a l load is transmitted through the dowels and comprising a multiplicity of parallel arch and the bolts are merely employed to confine the wall members, each member having a vertical joists against the members wall portion and an arch portion continuous at In the frame illustrated; Sweeps are therewith, and each member constructed of a to support the eaves of th building multiplicity of thin laminations secured together are secured the outer edges of the members in broadside relation, said wall portion of said I b e the 81118 Raftels 2l supporti!!! member having'additional lamination-extending the ga le end Pr j io rfimmm in Spaced from the foundation to a point adjacent to the a DQ111101 relation Wthe 81161 members These arch portion to format their upper ends horirafters it may be formed from a fewer number zontally aligned shoulders, girt members sup.- of laminations than the main load supporting ported on said shoulders and floor joists supmembers u. The framing for the end walls of ported on sai si members and lwrnmmed members. a the building may be arranged in the usual or I MYRON K. PEDERSON I 40

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