US2168044A - Incinerator furnace - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 1, 1939. L. P. OHARA INCINERATOR FURNACE Filed March 4, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 pea/d INVENTOR. W I

" ATTORNEY.

1939- P. OHARA I 2 ,0 4

INCINERATOR FURNACE Filed March 4, 2vs t s 2 60 d P EANVEIYTOR.

BYM

14f? ATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 1, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE My invention relates to incinerator furnaces, and more particularly to those of the domestic type as for residences, apartment buildings, hotels and other buildings.

5 The following are among the novel characteristic features of my invention:

I provide a compact and efficient furnaceof space but is fully efficient.

I provide for the eflicient elimination of smoke and fumes. 1

I provide a new and improved grate structure which may be installed and replaced without disturbing the brickwork of the furnace.

I provide a new and improved burner and draft structure which is of simple and durable construction and which enables the burner to opcrate without clogging although the material to be consumed may be packed tightly in the com- 20 bustion chamber, and which enables the flame to successfully attack the material.

I provide a new and improved door structure which prevents the loosening of the door casings in the brickwork.

Other novel features of construction and also of arrangement of parts will appear from the following description:

Referring to the drawings, wherein I have illustrated a practical embodiment of the principles 349 of my invention, a a

Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken through the incinerator and its stack in a plane at right angles to the plane of the feed door.

Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection, on enlarged scale,

' taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a broken enlarged vertical section taken along the line 3-3 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged perspective of the burner block, the burner and the by-pass assembly.

Fig. 5 is a broken side elevation of the same.

Fig. 6 is a perspective of one of the grate supporting bars. 1

Fig. '1 is a top plan View of the burner..

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the same.

Fig. 9 is an end view of the burner looking from the left in Figs. 7 and 8.

of simple construction which occupies a minimum Fig. 10 is a perspective showing the inner face of the front plate.

Fig. 11 is an end view looking from the right in 50 Figs. '7 and 8.

Referring to the drawings, the furnace is preferably of rectangular or cross-sectional shape having a front wall I, rear wall 2 and side walls 3. The outer portion of said walls are preferably. of a building, brick with. an .inner lining of refractory combustion chamber 4 the front and side walls are corbeled in as at 5 to reduce the inner dimensions of the furnace to those of the stack 6. 1 represents a strengthening bar-or bars embedded in the brickwork to reinforce the structure.

The corbeling in produces a plurality ofhorizontal surfaces or slopes which tend to baflle the ascending gases and facilitates their combustion.

The stackis extended upwardly through-the I roof of the building and is provided at its top with a suitable screened spark-arrester 8:

The stack is provided at one or more of the floors of the building with a suitable hopper-door 9'for the introduction'of material into the fur nace for burning. The front wall of the combustion chambe above the grates, later described, is provided with a door opening III for the introduction of material and for general access to the combustion chamber. r

ll represents a cast anchor plate of suflicient length to horizontally bridge the top of the opening ID in the inner wall I and to have its ends embedded in the brickwork at either side of the opening. To reduce the weight of this casting, z

and to facilitate its bonding with the brickwork, the plate is provided with a plurality of openings I2, and-its perimetral edge'is provided with a Y beading l3 which strengthens theplates and also assists in anchoring it in place. The mortar will enter the openings I2 and form anchoring necks which will effectually prevent the loosening of the plate relative to the brickwork. t The front edge of the plate I l is provided with two or more horizontal extensions 14 which extend forwardly into the opening in the outer wall of the opening l0 and overlap from above the top wall of the squarecast door casing l5 to which the door I6 is hinged. The top wall of the box IE and theextensions 14 are provided withregistering holes through'which cotter pins ll. or other members are inserted to anchor the door casing loosen the door structure from its place in the r brickwork of the combustion chamber.

Beneath the grates the front wall of the combustion chamber is provided with the ash.- removal and clean-out opening 18 anddoor I9.

Thev casing of the doorway I8 is anchored/in place by a plate similar to that described above.

Spanning the combustion chamber from front to rear are a pair of grate-supporting bars 20 and 2|. The rear ends of said bars are provided with registering holes through which extend the through-bolt 22 having threaded ends with nuts 23 screwed up thereon against either face of the bars, thus holding the bars in proper spaced relation. The ends of the bars and the bolt 22 are embedded in the brickwork 2 as illustrated in- Fig. 2. The front endof the bar 2| is embedded in the brickwork of the front of the combustion chamber and extends flush with the exterior thereof, while the front e'ndfi of the bar 20, which is formed as shown at the right in Fig. 6, protrudes through the front wall of the furnace and is provided with the angular extension 24 for the attachment of the is provided; at the center of eachside with a trunnion 21, one of which fits in a bearing hole in the bar 2| while the other trunnion fits ina bearing 28 in the bar 20,-. the bearing 28 being open at its top for the ready mounting and dis:

mounting of the shaker grate 25. v Adjacent its rear. eachbar is-provided on its inner surface with a lug 2'9v forming an abutment to stop or support the rear end of the grate 26 when the latter is horizontal.

In advance of its trunnions on one side the grate 25 is provided with a depending arm 3|) pressed. for connection to the inner end of the link 3| whichextends forwardlyalong the inner face of the bar 20 without the furnace where it is pivotally connected to the lower end of the shaker lever 25 below the pivotal connection of said lever with the projection 24 of the bar 20. Thus thegrate may be shaken from without the furnace.

To protect the link 3| .from being fixedv in position by mortar, or cement when the furnace is being built, and from being obstructed ,by material duringoperation, I,provide the inner face of the bar 20 withhorizontal spacedflanges 32 between which. the link 3| slides and 33, shown in Fig.3, is a piece of sheet .metal, which is ,bent at right angles to be held between thebottom of the bar 20 and the brickwork, and-which is folded up in front of the flanges 32 and has a the sockets 34 are ,slightlyrbelow the top edges.

of the :bars20and 2|, so-thatwhen the. grates 36 are in place, their lower extremities bear in! wardly against the-outer faces of thebar, thus supporting the grates in. position. The upper ends of the grates 36 rest againstthe side walls of the furnace, as shown in .3.

:Thedoorway l0 and the grates '26 and 36 are of the proper relative dimensions that they may be inserted and removed and also mounted in and dismounted from place, through the doorway.

I 31 represents the cast burner block which is built into the brickwork at the front of the furnace and is provided with a vertical front end wall 38 having a circular hole 39 for the insertion of the burner 40. 4| represents the vertical side walls of the block between which the burner extends. The side walls are arched upwardly to save metal and have their bottom edges provided with outwardly extending flanges 42 which aid in anchoring the block in the brickwork.. .43-represents vertical outwardly extending flanges at the inner ends of the Walls 4| which bear against the inner surface of the wall l at either side to hold the block against outward movement.

The upper portion of the block is provided with aninwardly extending nose or projection 44 which forms a shield to prevent the material from being packed immediatelyin front of the burner where it would obstruct the operation of the latter. ,The under surface of the shield 44 is horizontal and sufliciently spaced above the flame to avoid interference. The upper surface of .the shield is inwardly and downwardly inclined so that material will not lodge thereon.

The shield 44 is chambered as at 45 for cooling the same and air is admitted thereto by the duct 46 formed on the block 31 and extending from without the furnace. At either side a port 41 in the end of the chamber is positioned close to the inner surface of the front wall of the furnace and along the inner vertical wall of the port is a vertical flange 48. i

49 represents the flue member, the lower portion of which isbifurcated to form two curved le s 59 which straddle the burner box as illus trated in Figs. 3 and v4:. The upper portion is a straight stem 5|. The outer edges of the legs and the lower stem are provided with an edge flange 52 which when the flue member is in position bear against the inner surface of thejfurnace wall thus forming two upwardly conveying flues. The outer surface of each of the legs 50 adjacent their lower ends are provided with two wedge lugs 53 which when the flue memberis'pushed downwardly along the furnace wall into the position illustrated in Figs. 3 and. 4 are wedged against the inner surfaces of theflanges 48 of the block and thus support the flue. member 49 fixedly, yet removably, in place, with the fines formed by the legs and the furnace wall communicating at their lower ends with the. ports 41 and also at their lower extremities with the interior of the furnace adjacent and at either side of the burner. Theribs 52 stop short of the upper end of the stem 5| to provide'for the lateral escape of air into the furnace. The upper extremity'of the stem 5| is inclined into contact with. the furnace wall and is stiffened by the central longitudinal rib 54.

Thus secondary air is admitted to the burner flame from the chamber 45 and in casethe material. is packedso tightly. above the grates to materially impede combustion of. the material, the products of combustion may in part escape upwardly through the flues of the member 49 and escape into the upper part of the combustion chamber thus maintaining combustion until the fire. eatsinto the mass of material the burner. H 55 represents afaceplate fastened to the front of the furnace against the burner block 31 and overlapping the brickwork. The plate is provided with an opening for the burner 40 and also for the link 3|. The plate also is provided with a notch 24 to provide clearance for the end 24 of the bar 26 and a slot 31 for the link 3|. The face plate 55 is provided in its inner face with the horizontal rib 55 to support the burner block and with vertical ribs 55 to engage either side thereto to hold the block against movement. The plate is held in place by screws extending through holes 55 in the plate and engaging threaded holes in the ends ofthe bars 20 and 2|. The outer end of the duct 46 is above the top edge of the plate 55.

The burner 48 is of the tubular type having at its outer end a bell shaped air-mixer 56 hav ing a diametric cross bar 5'! provided with a threaded hole for connecting the gas supply pipe. Inwardly from the mixer 56 is a circular head 58 which fits up against the plate 55 overlapping the hole therein, and is secured thereto by means of screws engaging the notches 59 in the flanged and threaded holes in the plate. The head 58 is provided with arcuate concentric air openings 59*, preferably screened for the admission of air along the burner into the furnace.

68 represents a pilot passage cast integrally with the mixer bell and extending through the head 58, the outer end of the passage being threaded for connecting the gas supply for the pilot light. The inner end of the passage opens through the head 58. Means are provided for lighting the pilot light at the inner end of the passage 68. Thus I have shown a cut sawn through the wall of the passage 66 and the wall of the adjacent arcuate opening 59 through which sufficient gas will flow to enable the pilot to be lit with a match. The screens in the openings 59 will prevent material or dangerous back firing of the flames and a notch 59 in the screen permits the flame to travel to the pilot when a match is applied. There may occur a slight back firing through the notch 59 in the screen but the same is not suflicient to be injurious or dangerous.

The inner end of the burner is what I term a duck-bill, being flattened out laterally to provide a narrow horizontal emission slot 6| from beneath which extends a horizontal lip 62 which is stepped down below the slot 6|, as shown at 63.

The lip 62 prevents drafts from below from blowing out the burner flame. If the lip were not stepped down below the slot, the flame would be in advance of the free end of the lip and thus would be readily blown out. However, by stepping the lip downwardly below the slot, I position the flame nearer the slot and above the lip, so that the flame cannot be blown out.

I claim:

1. In an incinerator furnace, a burner assembly comprising a burner block arranged to extend through the wall of the combustion chamber, a tubular gas burner extending through the block, a shield above the inner end of the burner, said shield being chambered, means for supplying air to said shield from without the furnace, and a draft flue communicating with the interior of the shield and extending upwardly within the furnace.

2. In an incinerator furnace, a burner assembly comprising a burner block arranged to extend through the wall of the combustion chamber, a tubular gas burner extending through the block, a shield above the inner end of the burner,

.said shield being chambered, means for supplying air to said shield from without the furnace, a port in the wall of the shield to admit air adjacent the inner end of the burner, and a draft flue having its inlet adjacent the inner end of the burner and extending upwardly within the combustion chamber.

3. In an incinerator furnace, a burner block arranged to extend through the wall of the combustion chamber, a tubular gas burner extending through the block, a chambered shield extending over the inner end of the burner, means for supplying air to the shield from without the furnace, the shield having ports at either side for the emission of air, a flue extending upwardly within the furnace and having a bifurcated lower portion straddling the shield and having inlet openings adjacent said ports.

4. In a burner assembly for use with an incinerator furnace provided with a grate, the combination of a burner block arranged to extend through the wall of the furnace, a shield projecting into the interior of the furnace from the inner end of the burner block above and closely adjacent the grate, said shield being chambered, a tubular burner extending horizontally through the burner block and having its inner end positioned above the grate and beneath the shield, a passage through the burner block for introducing air from without the furnace into the interior of the shield, and means adjacent the inner end of the burner for the escape of air from the interior of the shield into the interior of the furnace.

5. In a gas burner the combination of a tubular body having an inlet opening at one end and a burner tip at the other end, a wall integral with and radial to the tubular body intermediate the ends thereof, a longitudinal enlargement formed integral with the tubular body and extending through said wall with its inner end stopping short of the burner tip, a screened aperture in said wall adjacent said enlargement, a passageway'enclosed within said enlargement for carrying fuel from the inlet opening of the tubular body to the inner end of the enlargement, means defining a slot through the wall of the enlargement into said passageway and extending from its inner end to a point beyond the wall, and means defining a small aperture in the screen in register with said slot, to permit the ignition of the gas at the inner end of the passageway by the application of a match to the slot at a point beyond the wall.

LEO PAUL OHARA.

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