US2165118A

US2165118A - Cutting-off machine

Info

Publication number: US2165118A
Application number: US55265A
Authority: US
Inventors: Herbert J White
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1935-12-19
Filing date: 1935-12-19
Publication date: 1939-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 1956-07-04

Description

H. J. WHITE CUTTING-OFF MACHINE Filed Dec. 19, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTQR jir eri WNW %z2s ATT EY July 4, 1939. H. J. WHITE cu'rnne-orr' mourns Filed Dec'. 19, 1935 '4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 732:1

M -%'z'$ AT H. J. WHlTE 2,165,11

CUTTING-OFF MACHINE July 4, 1939.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 19, 1935 INVENTOR finger?) P1770126 X75 Arrj iw July 4, 1939. H. J. WHITE CUTTINWOFF MACHINE Filed Dec. 19, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 H AITUg EZ @atenied 5 oo'r'rmc-os'r MA A Herbert J.

te, Wayne -5 County, N. 3.

Application December 19, 1935, Serial No. 55,265

9 @Dleims.

The present invention relates to cutting-oh machines and processes and particularly to machines and methods in which abrasive cutting-oil wheels are employed for cutting metal stock.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a faster cutting-off method than any heretofore devised.

A further object of the invention is to provide a cutting-on method which is characterized not only by high speed production but also by increased life of the cutting-oil tool, especially where an abrasive wheel is employed as the tool.

Still another object of the invention is to proa cutting-ofi machine which will be of simple and practical construction and which will operate according to the method of this invention.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent hereinafter from the specification and from the recital of the appended claims.

Cutting-on machines of the prior art employ rotary tools or reciprocating tools, such as circular saws, grinding wheels or reciprocating saws, and the cut is effected by feeding the tool transversely through the bar of stock. In these prior art machines, the area of contact between the tool and the work is large and it increases as the tool feeds toward the center of the bar. The rate of cutting, therefore, is necessarily slow. Moreover, because of the large area of contact b..- tween the tool and the work, wear of the tool is quite rapid. Grinding wheels especially have a relatively short life and their scope of use for this reason has been very much restricted.

The present invention is based upon an entirely new principle oi cutting. Instead of cutting by simply feeding the tool transversely through the bar, the cut is effected by relatively revolving the tool around the bar as it feeds into the bar. Thus the blank is cut ofl the bar by an ever-deepening spiral out. At all times, the area of contact between the tool and the bar is relatively small; the cutting operation may, therefore, be speeded up and yet the life of the tool is increased. Ihe present invention makes it practical to use a grinding wheel in cutting-ofi all sizes of metal stock.

The process of the present invention and a preferred form of machine for practicing the invention are illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings. In the machine shown, a pair of grinding wheels are employed as the cutting-0d tools. The two wheels are mounted to operate simultaneously at diametrically opposite points on the work. They are rotated upon their respective axes and simultaneously revolved together about the bar and fed into the bar. Thus they take a. continual deepening spiral cut into the bar. When the bar has been cut to such depth that the two wheels approach very close to one another, one wheel is withdrawn and the other wheel continues to feed into the bar until it has completely severed the blank from the bar. In the machine shown, the revolutionary movement of the wheels about the bar of stock, effects a. slow feed movement of the wheels into the bar through a linkage and a set of differential gears.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the machine described, illustrating the positionof the cutting wheels and the bar of stock just prior to the beginning of the cut;

Fig. 2 is a similar view, but showing the position of the wheels when the blank is partly severed from the bar;

Fig. 3isavlewsimllartotheFlsml and2and showing the positions of the wheels immediately after the blank has been severed from the bar;

Flg. l is a side elevation with some parts broken away, oi the machine shown in Figs. 1 to 8;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale, showing a detail of the feed mechanism for one of the cutting wheels;

Fig. 6 is a view illustrating diagrammatically the extent to which the two wheels may be led toward one another before one is withdrawn;

Fig. 7 is a view illustrating diagrammatically the principle of cutting of the present invention; and

Fig. 8 is a view illustrating diagrammatically by way of contrast the principle of the cuttingofi methods practiced prior to the present invention.

Referring now to the drawings by numerals of reference, 80 indicates the main base of the cutting-on machine shown. Upon this main base at either side thereof are provided a pair of supporting arms H and secured to the base between these arms is a bracket l2. Each of the arms ll carries a roller l3 and the bracket I2 carries a roller it. These rollers will preferably be ballor roller-bearing mounted upon their respective supporting arms or bracket. The rollers l3 and M are so disposed relative to one another as to provide a three-point support for a cylindrical carrier plate It.

The plate 15 carries the grinding wheels or other cutting-off tools. There are a pair of studs 2t and 2E secured in the plate l5 and upon these studs are pivotally mounted the lever arms 22 and projection 14 the pin 10.

23, respectively. There is screws 26 to the free end of the lever arm 22 and there is a motor 21 secured by screws (not shown) to the free end or the lever arm 23. The

armature shafts

28 and 29, respectively, of these motors project forwardly through arcuate slots 30 and 3|, respectively, formed in the carrier plate is and upon the forward ends of these shafts are secured the

grinding wheels

34 and 35.

The carrier plate I 5 is formed with a central opening and it is mounted upon and secured to a sleeve 31 which extends forwardly through this opening. The base In of the machine is formed 7 at its rear with an upright or arm 42 that is provided at its upper end with a bearing or support 43 for the rear end of the sleeve 31. The carrier plate I5 is secured to the sleeve 31 by screws 38 (Fig. 4).

The bar of stock from which blanks are to be cut oil is designated as B. It is fed through a feed-tube denoted at 40. The feed-tube is mounted in the sleeve 31.

Rotatably mounted upon the sleeve 31 is a second sleeve 45. Arms 60 and GI, which are integral with the sleeve extend Irom diametrically opposite points 01 the sleeve.

The arm is connected by a pin 62 to a link which, in turn, is connected by a pin to lever arm 22. The other arm BI is connected There is a bayonet slot 69 5d the by pin 61 to link 68.

formed in the free end of this latter link. This slot is adapted to receive a pin 10 that is mounted in the lever arm 23 and the lever arm 23 is formed with a transverse slot 13 through which the link 68-'maymove relative to the arm.

The pin 10 is adapted to rest upon a nose or formed upon the link 88 and defining the bayonet slot 69. The link 68 is normally pressed in a counter-clockwise direction about its pivot 61 by a spring-pressed plunger 15. This plunger serves to hold the link normally in such position that the nose 14 engages under The plunger 15 is mounted in an opening or recess 16 formed in a lug 11 which is integral with the lever arm 23. The plunger is actuated by the coil-spring 18 housed in this opening or recess. The plunger carries a roller 80 that engages and rides on one side surface of the link 68. Nuts 8!, which are theaded on the stem or the plunger, serve to limit its rightward movement.

The link 68 is formed on the side opposite that engaged by the roller 80 with a cam-projection $3. This cam-projection has an inclined or beveled surface 84 at one end. There is a pin 85 secured in the carrier-plate l5. adapted to ride up on the bevel 84 of the camprojection 83 as the cutting wheels Iced into depth and it disengages the link 68 from the pin 'EG, allowing the wheei 35 to drop back away from the work to avoid interference panion wheel 34 when the out far that the wheels approach one another.

The feed of the wheels into duced by the relative rotation rier plate l5 and the sleeve 45 scribed.

Fastened to the sleeve 31, as by means oi. the set-screw 50 is a spur gear 5i. Fastened to or integral with the sleeve 45 is a spurgear 52. These two spur gears have different numbers of teeth. The difference in number of their teeth will depend upon the fineness oi the feed desired.

as will now be de- This pin is 2,165,118 a motor 24 secured by For extremely slow teed, one gas: would have one less tooth than the other.

The two gears 51 and 52 mesh with a single wide-faced pinion 54. This pinion is rotatably mounted upon a stud 53 that issecured in a bracket 56 which is integral with or fastened in any desired manner 'to the arm 42.

The arm 56 extends through an opening 51 in a hood or cover that encloses the parts of the machine and is secured to the carrier plate I5 by screws 59.

The carrier-plate 15 may be suitable means (not shown).

1 The operation of the machine will now be described.

Assuming that revolved by any the parts are in the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 4 with the

wheels

34 and 35 in withdrawn position and with the bar B projecting forward from the tube 40 a distance determined by the length of the piece 01 stock to be cut off the bar and with the pin 10 resting on the nose 14 of link 68, the machine is ready for operation. The machine is put into operation by starting the

motors

24 and 21, which drive the grinding

wheels

34 and 35, and by applying power to the carrier-plate I5 to revolve this plate about its axis.

As the carrier-plate revolves. it carries the rotating grinding bar B and simultaneously rotates the sleeve 45 to cause the grinding wheels to be fed into the bar. The drive to the sleeve 45 is from the carrierplate through the sleeve 31, which is secured to I the carrier-plate, the gear H, which is fastened to this sleeve, the pinion this gear, and the gear 52 which meshes with

wheels

34 and 35 about the 54, which meshes with the pinion 54 and is integral with the sleeve 45.

The gears 5i and 52 will be chosen as described to have but slightly diflerent numbers 01 teeth. Hence, the difl'erential gearing 5|-54-52 will drive the sleeve 45 at a much slower rate than the rate of rotation of plate Hi and the plate I! will make many revolutions while the'sleeve 45 is rotating through a slight angle.

The sleeve 45 is connected with the lever 22 and it is connected with by arm 60 and link 44 the lever 28 by arm 5|, link 58, nose 14 and pin 10. Hence, when rotational movement in one direction is imparted to lug

wheels

34 and 35 pivots 2i! and 2| to feed the sleeve 45, the grindare rocked about their into the bar 13.

to be cut through eter indicated by The link 68 will have been moved to a point where v the pin 85 begins to ride up on the cam-projection 83 of link 88. I v

This will cause the link 58 to be rocked about its pivot 81, compressing the plunger 15. In the further revolution of the plate I! and rotation of the sleeve t the pin 85 will ride upon the pro arcane [iii will be fed down into the bar 13 until, as shown in Fig. 3, it passes completely through the bar, severing the blank from the bar.

Then the rotation of the carrier-plate l6 may be reversed to withdraw the wheel 33 and rotate the parts back to the position shown in Fig. 1. When the link 68 has been moved back to such position, the plunger again causes the nose M of link 88 to engage under pin ill so that the parts are again ready for operation. when the wheels have been withdrawn, the bar may be fed forward in the tube Ml to present another length of stock to be cut. This feeding mechanism has not been illustrated but may be of any suitable type of which many are well known in the art. When the'bar has been fed forward, a new piece may be cut from the bar as before.

It is desirable to adjust-the distance between the wheels 3% and 35, when in withdrawn position, to conform to the diameter of the bar of stool; to be out. To eflect adjustment of the distance between the wheels, the gear 5i may be rotated by rotation of the worm so (Fig. 4). This worm meshes with a worm wheel 9i that is integral with the gear a I. The worm is mounted to revolve with the wormwheel during operation of the machine and may be rotated for adjustment by inserting a wrench through opening 5'! in guard 58. The shaft 56 of the worm may be suitably shaped to be manlpulable by the wrench.

As will be apparent, in the operation of cutting ofi a blanl: from a bar of stock, each grinding wheel will, as shown in Fig. 7 take a depthwise cut into the bar. Here one wheel is indicated at W and the spiral path of the wheel in the cutting operation is denoted by the numeral 85. It is evident from this figure that the area of contact between the wheel and the bar is relatively small at all times. Hence, the spiral cutting-oil movement can be performed very rapidly. Moreover, wear on the wheel will be a minimum.

The present method of cutting is to be contrasted with the method of the prior art which is illustrated in Fig. 8. In the prior art method, the wheel, indicated at W cuts by simply being fed transversely through the bar B. It is obvious that there is a much larger area of contact be tween the wheel and the bar with this type of feed than with the spiral feed of the present invention and that the old process is much slower and wear on the wheel is much greater.

While the invention has been described in connection with a machine in which the tool is revolved about and simultaneously fed into the work to effect the cutting-0ft action, it will be obvious that instead, the work might be rotated on its aids while being fed into the tool. 'Many other modifications of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art. Thus, for instance, when one wheel is withdrawn after the blank has been partly severed from the bar, the spiral feed of the other wheel may be discontinued and the cut completed by simply feeding this other wheel transversely through the remainder of the bar. The diameter or the remaining non-severed portion of the bar will be sumciently small so that the area of contact between wheel and bar will not'be great and the wheel can be fed on transversely through the bar rapidly and without any appreciable wear.

Still other modifications or the invention will occur to those skilled in the art. This application is intended to cover all modifications, variations or uses or the invention coming within the scope of the invention and the limits of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. The method of cutting a blank from a bar of stock in which a pair of rotary cutting 1 are employed and I the rotating tools are revolved about the bar while being fed into the bar until the bar has been cut through to a predetermined depth, and then one of the tools is withdrawn and the other tool completes the out.

2. The method of cutting a blank from a. bar or stock in which a pair of rotary cutting tools are employed and the rotating tools are revolved about the bar while being fed into the bar until the bar has been cut through to a predetermined depth, and then one 01 the tools is withdrawn and the other tool is fed transversely directly through the bar to complete the cut.

3. A cut-off machine comprising a work support for holding a bar of stock, a rotary disc cutting tool, a carrier upon which the cutting tool is mounted, means for revolving the carrier to produce a rotational movement of the tool about the center of the work and means operatively connected to the carrier and operated by the carrier in its rotation for simultaneously producing a continuous relative depthwise feed movement between the tool and the work radial of the center 01 the work to sever a piece irom the bar.

4. A cut-off machine comprising a work support, a rotatable carrier, a tool support movably mounted on said carrier, a cutting tool mounted on said tool support, means for rotating the car rier to move the tool about the work, and means comprising a differential for effecting movement of the tool support on the carrier as the carrier rotates.

5. A cut-off machine comprisinga work support, a rotatable carrier, 9., tool support movably mounted on said carrier, 2. cutting toolmounted g on said tool support, a rotary actuating member,

means operatively connecting the actuating member to the tool support to move the tool support on rotation of the actuating member, means for rotating the carrier, and a differential operatively connecting the carrier and the actuating member to rotate the actuating member on rotation of the carrier but at a different rate.

6. A cut-off machine comprising a feed tube for supporting the work, a rotatable carrier having a central opening concentric oi said tube and through which the work may be fed, a tool support movably mounted on said carrier at one side of the feed opening for movement toward and 55 from the center of said opening, an actuating member, a difierential operatively connecting the carrier with the actuating member to'operate the actuating member on rotation of the carrier, means operatively connecting the actuating member to the tool support to operate the tool support on actuation of said member, and means for rotating the carrier.

'7. A cut-offmachine comprising a feed tube to support the work, a rotatable carrier having a central opening concentric of said tube and through which the work may be fed longitudinally, a pair of cutting tools movably mounted on the carrier at opposite sides of saidopening, means for rotating the carrier, means for moving said cutting tools simultaneously on the carrier toward said opening to efiect feed movement of the tools into the work, and means for discontinuing the last named movement of one o! the cutting tools when the out has proceeded to a predetermined 9. A cut-on machine comprising a feed tube for depth. supporting a bar of stock, a. sleeve Joumaled on a. A cut-ofl machine omprisin a w rk 5119- said tube, a rotatable carrier having a central p a tool s ppo t, a pair of rotary cutting-of! o ening therein and Journaled coaxially of said tools mounted on said tool Support at opposite tube and sleeve, 9. tool support pivotally mounted sides of the work, means for rotating the tools, on said carrier for movement toward and from the means for producing relative rotational movework, a. linkage pivotally connecting the tool supment between said supports about the center of port to the sleeve, dlflerentialmechanlsm connectthe work, means for simultaneously feeding said ing the sleeve and carrier, and means for rotating tools depthwise into the work carried by said work the carrier to revolve the tool support about the support and m ans for discontinuing the feed work and simultaneously efl'ect pivotal movement movement of one tool when the out has progressed or the tool support. to a predetermined dep HERBERT J. WHITE.