US2157265A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

May9, l939 4F. PoTHlER ET AL. 2,157,265

OIL BURNER Filed oct. '7, 1935 v 2 sheets-sheet 1 IIIH Mays, 1939. .RPOTHERETAL v 2,157,265

OILv BURNER Filed Oct; '7, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 51, l f d #447mg Patented May 9, 1939 UNITED STATES OIL BURNER Paul Pothier and Edmond Vigneault, Trois- Rivieres, Quebec, Canada Application October '7, 1935, Serial No. 43,940`

4 Claims.

The present invention pertains to a novel oil burner for use in connection withvarious kinds oi" boilers, furnaces or heaters. The principal object of the invention is to provide an eilicient `burner adapted to mix steam and compressed air with the fuel oil completely and to project an intimate mixture of these ingredients into a combustion chamber where they are thoroughly and completely burned. Complete combustion is obtained producing no smoke and carbon. Another object is to provide a pre-heated quantity of fuel for starting purposes and also to furnish steam generated within the system by means disclosed in a co-pending application Serial No. 55,601,

lfiled December 21, 1935.

In connection with the pre-heating of fuel for starting purposes, the nozzle is enclosed in a double-walled chamber member adapted to receive oil or other fuel in the space between its walls. This space is in communication with the nozzle through a valved passage in the base of the chamber. A dished member is mounted on the double Walled member in order to contain a small quantity of fuel that may be lighted with a match. The burning of this fuel vaporizes the fuel contained in the double-Walled member, and the vaporized fuel is admitted to the nozzle through a valved passage. When steam has been generated in the system, the valved passage is closed, and compressed air is admitted to the nozzle through another valve controlled passage also formed in the base of the chamber member.

The invention further includes aligned chamber members extending from the double-walled member and lined with refractory material. Lateral inlet means for air are provided for the additional chamber members, partly in the nature of apertures formed through one of the members and partly by endwise spacing between the members.

The structure thus far described is positioned outside of the furnace. At the interior of the furnace is a refractory burner head or mantle also in line Withthe previously mentioned chamber members. The mantle is formed with numerous openings through its wall to project the heat or flame in the form of jets into the re pot of the furnace or boiler.

The invention is fully disclosed by Way of eX- vample in the following description and in the accompanying drawings in which V Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the nozzle of the burner, shown vertically;

Figure 2 is a vertical section showing a portion of the combustion chamber;

Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure e is a vertical section of the whole combustion chamber, showing also certain parts in elevation;

Figure 5 is a section on the line 5 5 of Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a detail of Figure 2, showing the starting valve;

Figure '7 is a similar detail of the compressed air valve, and

Figure 8 is a vertical section, partly in elevation, of a modified construction.

Reference to these views will now be made by use of like characters which are employed to designate corresponding parts throughout.

In Figure 2 the numeral I represents a portion' of the base of a boiler or furnace equipped with a burner according to this invention. To the member I is secured a depending tubular member 2 by means of screws or bolts 3. The member 2 is partly lined with refractory material 4. Into the unlined part of the member 2 is inserted another refractory tube 5 spaced annularly therefrom at Ei and held in this position by rivets 1. The member 5 has oblique holes 8 leading to the interior thereof for the purpose of supplying air.

Into the lower en-d of the member 5 is inserted another tubular member 9 also spaced therefrom at I0 for the admission of additional air. The member 9 has a double outer wall forming an intervening space II for a purpose which Will presently appear.

The nozzle of the burner is fitted into the bottom plate I2 of the member S and is shown in detail in Figures 1 and 3. The nozzle embodies, first, a dome I3 secured upon the bottom I2 and having a central aperture I3. Within the dome is mounted a sleeve I4 spaced interiorly therefrom at I5 and having also an aperture I6 in line with the aperture I 3. The member I4 extends a substantial distance below the bottom I2 as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2. Within the sleeve I4 is mounted still another sleeve I'I spaced therefrom at I3 and I9. The member I4 has a hollow boss 20 leading to the space I8 for the admission of steam thereto. The portion of sleeve I'I between the spaces I8 and I9 and designated by the numeral 2| is formed with a series of oblique ports 22 to impart a whirling motion to the steam as it passes from space I8 to space I9. The upper end 23 of the sleeve I'I is conical and also has an aperture 24 in line with the apertures I3' and I6.

The thicker part 25 of the sleeve just below the conical portion is also formed with oblique ports 26 for whirling the steam as it passes from space I9 to the space 21 around the conical end 23.

A similar boss 28 permits admission of oil to the space 29 within the sleeve I1. A needle valve 30 within the space 29 and controlled by an outside handle 3I governs the oil content of the jet finally issuing from the aperture I3'.

A supply pipe 32 (Fig. 2) leads to the space II within the double walled member 9 for the purpose of admitting oil, gasoline, or other fuel thereto. An annular dished member 33 is built on both sides of the member 9 which, at a proper point, is formed with one or more` apertures 34 establishing communication from one side of the member 33 to the other. For starting purposes, the member 33 is lled with a small quantity of a suitable fuel which may be lighted by a match to heat the fuel in the space I I. In this connection, the member 9 is preferably formed with a shoulder 35 forming a surface immediately over the member 33 to receive the heat of the burning fuel therein.

The base plate I2 has a radial port 36 (Fig. 6) communicating at one end with a tube II from the double wall 9. 'I'his port is extended at 31 (Fig. 1) through the sleeve I4 and finally communicates with a valve port 38 in the sleeve I1. A needle valve 39 is mounted in the ports 36 and 31 for controlling the valve port 38 and is operated by an external handle 40. Thus, the fuel vaporized in the space II may be admitted under control to the inner chamber 29 of the nozzle.

The base plate I2 also has another radial port 4I communicating with a compressed air tube 42 as shown in Figure '7. The communication between the tube 42 and port 4I is controlled by a valve 43 at the junction and operated by an external handle 44.

In the operation of the device as thus far described, when the fuel in space II is completely vaporized, the valve 39 is opened to admit fuel to the nozzle. The supply pipe 32 to the space II is left open until heat is produced, and then it is closed by means of a suitable valve (not shown). At this time, the valve 43 is opened to admit compressed air to the nozzle. A pre-heater for the constant supply of oil is used and is shown in our co-pending application Serial No. 55,601, filed December 21, 1935.

Through this pre-heater, oil is supplied to the nozzle by way of the inlet 28. Also, a constant supply of steam is admitted through the inlet 20. The inner end of the compressed air passage 4I communicates with the interior of the dome I 'through a port 45 in the base of the dome as shown in Figures 1 and 3.

The head of the burner is in the form of a mantle 46 mounted within the furnace and in aligned communication with the parts 4, 5 as shown in Figure 4. This head is made of refractory material and has numerous apertures 41 through its wall for the passage of the flame in the form of jets into the furnace.

As shown in Figure 5, the base plate I2 is formed with a number of openings 5B therethrough from top to bottom and at opposite sides of the passages` 35 and 4I for the major admission of air to the chamber constituted by the parts 4, 5 and 9.

In the modification shown in Figure 8, there is a water tank 5I though which the burner assembly passes as shown more clearly in our copending application Serial No. 55,601, filed December 2l, 1935. Into the central opening 52 formed in the tank extends a water jacket 53, and from this opening extends also a tubular member constituting a part of the combustion chamber of the burner. The water jacket is placed in communication with the tank 5I by means of small pipes 55. Into the lower end of the jacket 53 extends another burner chamber member 56 having air holes 51 in its wall. The nozzle 58 extends into the bottom of the member 56 and is provided with a steam inlet 20', and oil inlet 28 and a needle valve handle 3| corresponding respectively to the parts 20, 26 and 3I of the previously described construction.

The invention provides a complete mixture of oil, steam, compressed air and atmospheric air forming a gaseous fuel mixture that will be completely converted into heat, without forming any smoke in process of formation and for oxidizing incompletely burned gas in the mantle. The invention may also be used for destroying any smoke in process of formation and for oxidizing incompletely burned gas.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood that various alterations in the details of construction may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, as indicated by the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1. In an oil burner, a fuel mixing and spraying nozzle, a double-walled annular oil heating member co-axial with said nozzle, said nozzle discharging a fuel spray through said member, means for supplying fuel to the space between the walls of said member, a valved connection between said space and said nozzle, and open ended combustion chamber members in axial alignment with said first named member and lined with refractory material, said chamber members being positioned to receive the sprayed fuel mixture and spaced endwise for the admission of air therebetween, one of said chamber members having apertures in its wallfor additional admission of air.

2. In an oil burner, a fuel mixing and spraying nozzle, a double-walled annular oil heating member co-axial with said nozzle, said nozzle discharging a fuel spray through said member, means for supplying fuel to the space between the walls of said member, a Valved connection between said space and said nozzle, and open ended combustion chamber members in axial alignment with said first named member and lined with refractory material, said chamber members being positioned to receive the sprayed fuel mixture and spaced endwise for the admission of air therebetween, one of said chamber members having apertures in its wall for additional admission of air, the chamber member most remote from said nozzle having a mantle shaped head provided with numerous apertures through its wall.

3. In an oil burner, a fuel mixing and spraying nozzle, means for supplying fuel thereto, and combustion chamber members positioned in endwise arrangement adjacent to each other in coaxial relation to said nozzle to receive fuel sprayed therefrom, said combustion chamber members being open at their ends and lined with refractory material, said chamber members being spaced endwise for the admission of air therebetween, and one of said chamber members being provided with apertures in its wall for additional admission of air.

4. In an oil burner, a fuel mixing and spraying nozzle, means for supplying fuel thereto, and

combustion chamber members positioned in endwise arrangement adjacent to each other in coaxial relation to said nozzle to receive fuel sprayed therefrom, said combustion chamber members being open at their ends and lined with refraetory material, said chamber members being spaced endwise for the admission of air therebetween, one of said chamber members being provided with apertures in its Wall for additional admission of air, and the chamber member most remote from said nozzle having a mantle shaped head provided with numerous apertures through its Wall.

' PAUL POTHIER.

EDMOND VIGNEAULT.

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