US2156456A - Oscillation generation system - Google Patents

Oscillation generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2156456A
US2156456A US7160A US716035A US2156456A US 2156456 A US2156456 A US 2156456A US 7160 A US7160 A US 7160A US 716035 A US716035 A US 716035A US 2156456 A US2156456 A US 2156456A
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United States
Prior art keywords
grid
electrons
plates
filaments
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US7160A
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English (en)
Inventor
Nils E Lindenblad
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RCA Corp
Original Assignee
RCA Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to US7160A priority Critical patent/US2156456A/en
Priority to DER95544D priority patent/DE668201C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2156456A publication Critical patent/US2156456A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/68—Tubes specially designed to act as oscillator with positive grid and retarding field, e.g. for Barkhausen-Kurz oscillators

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for generating high frequency oscillations.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for the generation of high frequency oscillations which is of light weight and can be used in aircraft.
  • Another object is to provide a highly efficient and simple oscillator circuit requiring as few adjustments as possible.
  • the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a tube having within a single envelope a pair of interconnected plates disposed on opposite sides of a common grid, with a filament individual to each plate for causing the latter to emit electrons. Only a single tuning element is required, and this is provided in the plate circuit in the form of a trombone or telescopic slide.
  • the grid has no tuned circuit.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that the common grid is always in a neutral condition whereby it will not pick up stray radio frequency oscillations.
  • a further advantage is that there is required for the practice of the invention only alternating current energy for energizing the filaments and for applying desired polarizing potentials to the electrodes of the oscillator.
  • an oscillator circuit comprising within a single envelope E, a pair of plates P1, P2 which are oppositely arranged with respect to a centrally located common grid G, and a pair of filaments F1, F2 whose purpose is to provide heating of the plates P1, P2 by electron bombardment.
  • the filaments are not mounted too close to the plates.
  • Plates P1, P2 are connected together by means of a tunable trombone slide S, the center point of which is connected to ground and to one plate of a condenser C, the other plate of which is-coupled to the midpoint 3 of the secondary winding of a transformer T3 and to the grid G. It is preferred to coat the inner surfaces of the plates P1, P2 with electron emissive material, otherwise the plates will have to be heated to high temperatures to emit electrons.
  • Filaments F1 and F2 are heated by alternating current through transformers T1 and T2 respectively, and the midpoints of the secondary wind ings of these transformers are respectively connected to opposite terminals I, 2 of the secondary winding of transformer T3.
  • the primary winding of transformer T3 is also supplied with alternating energy which, if desired, may emanate from the same source as that supplying heating current for the filaments.
  • the centrally located grid G is always maintained at a positive potential relative to the filaments F1, F2 and the plates P1, P2.
  • This will be apparent from the fact that when either terminal l or 2 of the secondary winding of transformer T3 is negative, due to the alternating current energy applied to the primary winding of T3, electrons will pass from the filaments to the plates.
  • the filament systems F1 T1 T3 T2 F2 will be at a positive potential. Since the potentials of terminals l and 2 continuously alternate, midpoint 3, which is directly connected to grid G, is always positive with respect to that filament which at the moment is passing electrons to its associated plate. It may be said that the heating circuit of the two filaments is thus used as a full wave rectifier for obtaining the potential for the grid. It will thus be observed that the filaments F1, F2, which have a floating positive direct current potential, must swing negative when passing electrons to their plates.
  • the electrons which do not land on the grid but instead pass through the grid mesh are immediately subjected to a retarding force and will, in most cases, lose all their velocity before reaching the opposite plate. The electrons will thus come to a standstill in front of the plates and tend to retrace their path. Such a slowing up of the velocity represents a condition similar to a trafiic congestion on a highway at points of low tramc speed.
  • the accumulated electrons, since they are electric charges, will alter the electric field in the interelectrode space in such a way that later arriving electrons are made to retrace their path sooner. The arrival of these later electrons also tends to hold over those that arrived earlier.
  • the oscillations thus produced may, if desired, be modulated in accordance with the message waves to be transmitted. This is accomplished in one suitable way, known as the l-leising scheme, by inserting a choke coil in the grid lead and supplying the signals to the input circuit of a modulator tube M whose anode is in circuit with the grid G, as shown.
  • the invention is not limited to the precise arrangement of parts shown, since it is possible, among other things, to dispense with the plates P1, P2 and utilize the filaments themselves as the plate elements.
  • the use of plates is preferred, however, bcause there are thus obtained uniform emission surfaces without internal voltage drops, and it is possible to use tube E as a rectifier; at the same time there is obviated the clifficulty of standing waves on the filament wires.
  • ground used in the specification and claims is intended to define any point or surface of zero or relatively fixed radio frequency potential, since in practice connections in high frequency systems actually rarely extend to earth.
  • An oscillation generation system comprising within a single envelope a pair of spaced plates having their inner surfaces coated with an electron emissive material, a filament individual to each plate for heating same, a grid located between said plates, an external, adjustable, U- shaped conductor connecting said plates together, a first transformer having its primary connected to a source of alternating energy and its secondary connected to the legs of one of said filaments for heating same, a second transformer similarly connected to said other filament, a third transformer having its primary winding also connected to a source of alternating energy but the respective terminals of its secondary Winding connected to the midpoints of the secondary windings of said first and second transformers, a conductive connection from the midpoint of the secondary winding of said third transformer to said grid, and a capacitive coupling between.
  • An oscillation generation system comprising, within a single envelope, a pair of spaced plates having their inner surfaces coated with an electron emissive material, a filament individual to and facing the outer surface of each plate for heating same, a grid located between said plates, an external, adjustable, U-shaped connection between said plates, a condenser having a pair of armatures one of which is directly connected to the center of said U-shaped connection, individual conductive paths from the other armature of said condenser to said grid and said filaments, and a utilization circuit coupled to said U-shaped connection.
  • An electron discharge device system comprising within an envelope, a grid, a source of electrons, and a plate located between said grid and source of electrons, said plate having its surface nearest said grid coated with material of greater electron emissivity than the opposite surface nearest said source, a connection from said plate to ground, and. means for heating said source, whereby electronic bombardment of said plate from said source causes electron emission from the surface of said plate nearest said grid, and means for alternately changing the relative polarity of said grid from a positive potential to a negative potential with respect to said source, and for maintaining said grid always positive relative to ground.
  • An electron discharge device system comprising within an envelope, a grid, a source of electrons, and a plate located between said grid and source of electrons, said plate having its surface nearest said grid coated with material of greater electron emissivity than the opposite surface nearest said source, and means for heating said source, whereby electronic bombardment of said plate from said source causes electron emission from the surface of said plate nearest said grid, a similar arrangement of another plate and another source of electrons on the other side of said grid oppositely disposed with respect to said first plate and first source, an alternating voltage to be rectified coupled between said two sources, and means including a filter for maintaining said grid at a potential which is substantialy unvarying at the frequency of the rectified voltage.
  • An oscillation generator comprising a fullwave rectifier having a pair of filaments, each of which has individual thereto a plane anode located between said filaments, a tuned circuit coupled between said anodes, the surfaces of said anodes removed from their respective filaments being coated with an electron emissive material, an electrode located between said anodes, and means for periodically changing, alternately, at an audio frequency rate, the relative polarities of said filaments relative to said electrode, whereby said electron emissive surfaces function as the cathodes of said oscillation generator and produce oscillations in said tuned circuit.
  • An oscillation generator comprising a rectifier having .a filament and a plane anode, the surface of said anode removed from said filament being coated with an electron emissive material, an electrode separated solely by ethereal space from said emissive surface of said anode, a tuned circuit coupled to said anode and to ground, and means for causing said electrode to assume, alternately, positive and negative potentials relative to said filament, whereby oscillations are produced in said tuned circuit and said electron emissive surface functions as the cathode of said oscillation generator.
  • An oscillation generator comprising a pair of electron emissive surfaces, a perforate electrode between said surfaces, a heating filament located on the side of each of said surfaces away from said perforate electrode, means for maintaining said emissive surfaces at zero direct current potential and said perforate electrode at a positive direct current potential and for causing said filaments to assume alternately positive and negative direct current potentials and a tuned circuit 'coupled between said surfaces.

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US7160A 1935-02-19 1935-02-19 Oscillation generation system Expired - Lifetime US2156456A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7160A US2156456A (en) 1935-02-19 1935-02-19 Oscillation generation system
DER95544D DE668201C (de) 1935-02-19 1936-02-19 Bremsfeldgegentaktgenerator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7160A US2156456A (en) 1935-02-19 1935-02-19 Oscillation generation system

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US2156456A true US2156456A (en) 1939-05-02

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US (1) US2156456A (de)
DE (1) DE668201C (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2591914A (en) * 1949-11-26 1952-04-08 Zenith Radio Corp Self-sustaining sawtooth current generator

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE750001C (de) * 1938-11-29 1944-12-11 Mit Wechselspannung betriebener Reihenvervielfacher zur Steuerung von Stroemen in Abhaengigkeit von Lichteinwirkungen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2591914A (en) * 1949-11-26 1952-04-08 Zenith Radio Corp Self-sustaining sawtooth current generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE668201C (de) 1938-11-28

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