US2152925A - Manufacture of transparent flexible sheets - Google Patents
Manufacture of transparent flexible sheets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2152925A US2152925A US96817A US9681736A US2152925A US 2152925 A US2152925 A US 2152925A US 96817 A US96817 A US 96817A US 9681736 A US9681736 A US 9681736A US 2152925 A US2152925 A US 2152925A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sheets
- gelatine
- manufacture
- cellulose ester
- softening agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 aliphatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetyloxy-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O)OC(=O)C)O)O SMEGJBVQLJJKKX-HOTMZDKISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940081735 acetylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L89/00—Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
- C08L89/04—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair
- C08L89/06—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair derived from leather or skin, e.g. gelatin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/02—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances with solvents, e.g. swelling agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D101/00—Coating compositions based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives
- C09D101/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C09D101/10—Esters of organic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2389/00—Characterised by the use of proteins; Derivatives thereof
- C08J2389/04—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair
- C08J2389/06—Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair derived from leather or skin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2401/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2401/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C08J2401/10—Esters of organic acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of flexible transparent sheets, and more particularly to the manufacture of sheets of this kind which are highly resistant and'are entirely *5 impermeable to liquids and gases.
- the manufacture of transparent sheets-by the employment of gum, gelatine, cellulose or other similar materials is known per se.
- the known methodof manufacture consists in adding to the initial material in question a softening agent, such as-Turkey red oil or salts of the latter, or
- the present invention has for'its principal object the provision of a novel' process for the manufacture of transparent sheets, wherein gelatine is used as the base or starting material, the
- said sheets being intended to replace the known sheets made of cellulose or of acetyl cellulose, and
- the said process offering the advantage that it renders the manufacture more economical and provides a means for obtaining highly resistant sheets which are entirely impermeable to water and which are greatly superior to the similar sheets obtained by the processes hitherto em- Ployed.
- gelatine employed as the base or starting v material for the manufacture of the sheets is mixed or combined with a predetermined qu'an: tity of aknown softening agent such as a sulphonate of a higher aliphatic alcohol.
- This mixture is converted into sheets by any known method, such as extrusion through a slit intoa coagulating bath, or pouring on to a plate, and according to the invention an aqueous solution of glycerine is poured on to the sheets before they have become dry, this being done with the object of preventing an excessive desiccating or drying of said sheets.
- the glycerine was directly dissolved in the starting material, whereas experiments which have been carried out have demonstrated that 5 v by treating the already formed sheets with a solution of glycerine, according to the process comprised in the subject matter of the present invention, a very greatly superior result to that obtained by the hitherto known processes is ob- 10 tained.
- the sheets thus treated are finally coated on both sides with a thin coating of cellulose ester (for'example by impregnation with the ester in question),.to which is added a tanning agent, 15 such as Formalin, a chromate, tannin, quinone, or the like.
- a tanning agent, 15 such as Formalin, a chromate, tannin, quinone, or the like.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
Transparent sheets impermeable to liquids and gases are obtained from solutions of gelatine containing as softening agent one or more sulphonic acids of higher aliphatic alcohols or sulphonic salts thereof. The higher alcohols referred to are those containing at least 16 carbon atoms and up to 22 carbon atoms. The sheets are obtained by extrusion or by casting solutions of gelatine and the softening agent. The solidified sheets may be treated with an aqueous solution of glycerine. They may be coated on both sides with a cellulose ester solution containing tanning agents such as formalin, chromates, tannin, quinone, or glycol. These additions also effect a more permanent adherence between the gelatine base and the cellulose ester coatings.
Description
I ?atented Apr. &, 193$ STATS MANUFACTURE OF TRANSPARENT I FLEXIBLE SHEETS Ernest Saraga, Bucharest, Rumania 1 Claim. (CI. 91-68) I The present invention relates to the manufacture of flexible transparent sheets, and more particularly to the manufacture of sheets of this kind which are highly resistant and'are entirely *5 impermeable to liquids and gases.
The manufacture of transparent sheets-by the employment of gum, gelatine, cellulose or other similar materials is known per se. The known methodof manufacture consists in adding to the initial material in question a softening agent, such as-Turkey red oil or salts of the latter, or
. adding glycerine directly. In quite recent time it has been proposed in addition to this to coat the said sheets on their two faces with-a thin coating of a cellulose ester with the object of rendering them perfectly impermeable.
The present invention has for'its principal obiect the provision of a novel' process for the manufacture of transparent sheets, wherein gelatine is used as the base or starting material, the
said sheets being intended to replace the known sheets made of cellulose or of acetyl cellulose, and
the said process offering the advantage that it renders the manufacture more economical and provides a means for obtaining highly resistant sheets which are entirely impermeable to water and which are greatly superior to the similar sheets obtained by the processes hitherto em- Ployed.
Thesaid sheets are manufactured in similar manner to that which is known per se, but the process according to the invention presents, as
compared with the known processes, the follow- -ing characteristic difierences:
1. The gelatine employed as the base or starting v material for the manufacture of the sheets is mixed or combined with a predetermined qu'an: tity of aknown softening agent such as a sulphonate of a higher aliphatic alcohol.
40 2. This mixture is converted into sheets by any known method, such as extrusion through a slit intoa coagulating bath, or pouring on to a plate, and according to the invention an aqueous solution of glycerine is poured on to the sheets before they have become dry, this being done with the object of preventing an excessive desiccating or drying of said sheets. In the processes hitherto employed, the glycerine was directly dissolved in the starting material, whereas experiments which have been carried out have demonstrated that 5 v by treating the already formed sheets with a solution of glycerine, according to the process comprised in the subject matter of the present invention, a very greatly superior result to that obtained by the hitherto known processes is ob- 10 tained. I
3. The sheets thus treated are finally coated on both sides with a thin coating of cellulose ester (for'example by impregnation with the ester in question),.to which is added a tanning agent, 15 such as Formalin, a chromate, tannin, quinone, or the like. In this way the sheets are rendered impermeable andthe structure of the superficial molecules of the two sides of each sheet is at the same time modified in such manner that perfect 0 adherence of the two coatings of cellulose ester with the corresponding sides is obtained.
By the aid of the process according to the in.- vention thin transparent sheets are obtained which possess a much higher resistance than 25 that of the sheets manufactured according to the known processes and thanlthat of the cellulose or acetyl cellulose sheets. The sheets manufactured according to the invention are, moreover,
characterised by perfect'adhesion of the two 30 coatings which are applied on the gelatine sheets, in such manner that the possibility of their dissolving incontact with water,- moisture or other liquids is entirely eliminated.
I claim: 35
In the manufacture of flexible highly resistant transparent sheets of gelatine treated with a small quantity of at least one sulphonate of a higher aliphatic alcohol, the steps of: treating the surfaces of said sheets with an aqueous solution 4 of glycerine to maintain said sheets in a soft and moist condition; and impregnating said sheets with a mixture composed of a cellulose ester and a tanning agent.
ERNEST SARAGA. as l
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RO465705X | 1935-08-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2152925A true US2152925A (en) | 1939-04-04 |
Family
ID=20086412
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US96817A Expired - Lifetime US2152925A (en) | 1935-08-29 | 1936-08-19 | Manufacture of transparent flexible sheets |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2152925A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB465705A (en) |
-
1936
- 1936-08-19 US US96817A patent/US2152925A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1936-08-24 GB GB23223/36A patent/GB465705A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB465705A (en) | 1937-05-13 |
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