US2152809A - Method of producing finely divided metallic layers - Google Patents

Method of producing finely divided metallic layers Download PDF

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Publication number
US2152809A
US2152809A US55633A US5563335A US2152809A US 2152809 A US2152809 A US 2152809A US 55633 A US55633 A US 55633A US 5563335 A US5563335 A US 5563335A US 2152809 A US2152809 A US 2152809A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
layer
silver
finely divided
metallic layers
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US55633A
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English (en)
Inventor
Liebmann Gerhard
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL58595D priority Critical patent/NL58595C/xx
Priority to NL48515D priority patent/NL48515C/xx
Priority to BE409651D priority patent/BE409651A/xx
Priority to DER90663D priority patent/DE725735C/de
Priority to DER104168D priority patent/DE740343C/de
Priority to FR790617D priority patent/FR790617A/fr
Priority to US23845A priority patent/US2131187A/en
Priority claimed from US23845A external-priority patent/US2131187A/en
Priority to GB15710/35A priority patent/GB459231A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US55633A priority patent/US2152809A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2152809A publication Critical patent/US2152809A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/36—Photoelectric screens; Charge-storage screens
    • H01J29/39—Charge-storage screens
    • H01J29/43—Charge-storage screens using photo-emissive mosaic, e.g. for orthicon, for iconoscope

Definitions

  • the mosaic screen represents a surface collection of elementary photo-cells, which produce electrical charges corresponding with the particular exposure. Further be employed for controlling the transmitter in suitable fashion, by transmitting capacita tively these charges to the silvered rear side con- This appllcanected with an amplifier device.
  • the production of the layer consisting of finest particles of metal is accompanied by considerable difliculties, both as regards selection of the material for the intermediate insulating layer as well as the method of insulation.
  • intermediate dielectriclayerssheets of mica or other suitable bases forexai'nple, ceramic materiaLcertaln kinds of glass, etc., the surface of this base preferably being made smooth by pole ishing.
  • this base there is produced in suitpowers of adhesion, to produce a metallic layer in able fashion a metallic coating, for example a silver, copper or the like coating.
  • a metallic coating of this nature may be produced, for example, chemically, by cathode atomization or by thermal application in vapour form.
  • the metallized plates are then heated to high temperature in an atmosphere of indifferent gas or in vacuum.
  • the temperatures require to These chargesmay then In Germany be very high, for example in the case of silver to about 1000, in order to obtain a brief fusing of the layer of silver, whereby the surface is then converted from the previously unitary structureless metallic surface into avery even mosaic con- 5 sisting of small drops of metal of negligible diameter and insulated against each other.
  • this heating is performed extremely rapidly, preferably by means of eddy current heating in high-frequency furnaces. 10.
  • the metallic coating is acted upon not directly, but indirectly by radiation from a heating plate.
  • the metallic coating is acted upon not directly, but indirectly by radiation from a heating plate.
  • the surface of the base is preferably made smooth by polishing, in order 20 to accelerate the insular formation during the" heating process.
  • mice. is alternately oxidized and reduced. This method is performed in the most convenient fornrby glow' discharge in an atmosphere of al- 35 ternately introduced oxygen and hydrogen at. sutiable pressure (approximately 1 mm. mercury).
  • the alternate oxidation and reduction might also be replacedto a certain extent by a suitable temperature treatment.
  • the silvered plate is heated in oxygen at first up to the temperature forformation of silver oxide, and then additionally heated in vacuum until the silver, oxide has become dissociated. The temperature is thereupon again low- 45 ered, etc.
  • the silver layer to be granulated is in the most convenient form placed opposite to a plate connected up as anode, withthe intermediate, connection of' a grid-like electrode connected up 50 as cathode.
  • the layer of silver does not possess any electrically conductive connection with the cathode.
  • the layer of silver might also be connected up. as cathode.
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically by way of example the arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows the indirect heating by means of a heating plate I, which heats by radiation the layer of silver [mounted on the supporting ma- Since this heating required to commence instantaneously, the heating is preferably performed by eddy currents,
  • Fig. 2 shows the arrangement for carrying out the glow discharge process.
  • an electrode 5 which is connected up as anode and is situated opposite to a grid-like cath- .ode i.
  • the metallic layer 1 to be granulated is arranged within reach of the glow discharge which develops in the case of a suitable filling of gas. 1 is the metallic layer on the base 8.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 there is illustrated by way of example the finished product.
  • the intermediate dielectric layer which acts as base for the coatings l and H.
  • the coating Ill represents the thin layer of metal divided upon into finest elementary particles, whilst II is intended as capacitative counter-coating for the photo- ⁇ cell arrangement.
  • a well-cleaned mica plate with all grease re;- moved is coated by the thermal vaporization of silver with a silver layer of approximately 95 44 in thickness.
  • a thickness of the layer approximately midway of the stated range, i. e., approximately th to 95 produced the best results.
  • the application of the layer by vaporization is performed in a suitable vessel from which the air has been removed, the distance between the mica plate to be treated and the evaporation furnace being of such extent that a very even coating is obtained. Insulation edges of a desired kind may be allowed to remain by selective screening.
  • a certain amount of air or oxygen is allowed to enter the vessel, and the part of the vessel in which the plate is situated, is heated to approximately 400-450 C. This latter operation extends over a period of approximately 15 to "30 minutes.
  • the initial layer is made thinner, a granulation ofany kind is not to be determined with the usual optical means available. If the layer is too thick, there is certainly a granulation up to a certain point, but the particles are situated so close together that the requisite insulation maybe not obtained. If on the other hand the layer is still thicker (completely opaque), a distribution according to the described process may not be accomplished at all.
  • Mica plates of this kind which are furnished with a silver screen in the manner stated, may then be employed in the known fashion, by silvering the rear side and by oxidation and sensitization of the front screen surface, as light-sensitive mosaic electrodes in television transmission tubes, for instance, tubes known under, the name of Iconoscope.

Landscapes

  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
US55633A 1934-05-25 1935-12-21 Method of producing finely divided metallic layers Expired - Lifetime US2152809A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL48515D NL48515C (enMihai) 1934-05-25
BE409651D BE409651A (enMihai) 1934-05-25
NL58595D NL58595C (enMihai) 1934-05-25
DER90663D DE725735C (de) 1934-05-25 1934-05-25 Verfahren zur Herstellung von feinunterteilten Metallschichten fuer Mosaikraster-Photozellen zur Ladungsspeicherung
DER104168D DE740343C (de) 1934-05-25 1934-06-02 Verfahren zur Herstellung von fein unterteilten Metallschichten
FR790617D FR790617A (fr) 1934-05-25 1935-05-28 Procédé de fabrication de couches métalliques à subdivision d'une grande finesse
US23845A US2131187A (en) 1934-05-25 1935-05-28 Method of producing finely divided metallic layers
GB15710/35A GB459231A (en) 1934-05-25 1935-05-30 Method of producing finely divided metallic layers
US55633A US2152809A (en) 1934-05-25 1935-12-21 Method of producing finely divided metallic layers

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER90663D DE725735C (de) 1934-05-25 1934-05-25 Verfahren zur Herstellung von feinunterteilten Metallschichten fuer Mosaikraster-Photozellen zur Ladungsspeicherung
DE459231X 1934-06-01
US23845A US2131187A (en) 1934-05-25 1935-05-28 Method of producing finely divided metallic layers
US55633A US2152809A (en) 1934-05-25 1935-12-21 Method of producing finely divided metallic layers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2152809A true US2152809A (en) 1939-04-04

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ID=32074464

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US55633A Expired - Lifetime US2152809A (en) 1934-05-25 1935-12-21 Method of producing finely divided metallic layers

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2152809A (enMihai)
BE (1) BE409651A (enMihai)
DE (1) DE725735C (enMihai)
FR (1) FR790617A (enMihai)
GB (1) GB459231A (enMihai)
NL (2) NL48515C (enMihai)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2681886A (en) * 1948-12-29 1954-06-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Preparation of two-sided mosaic screen
US2765419A (en) * 1951-11-03 1956-10-02 Gen Electric Electroluminescent cell

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2429088A (en) * 1942-07-14 1947-10-14 Johnson Matthey Co Ltd Production of electrical condenser plates
DE849570C (de) * 1949-04-22 1952-09-15 Fernseh Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung sehr feinmaschiger Netzfolien

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2681886A (en) * 1948-12-29 1954-06-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Preparation of two-sided mosaic screen
US2765419A (en) * 1951-11-03 1956-10-02 Gen Electric Electroluminescent cell

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE725735C (de) 1942-10-10
NL48515C (enMihai)
BE409651A (enMihai)
FR790617A (fr) 1935-11-25
NL58595C (enMihai)
GB459231A (en) 1936-12-30

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