US2148337A - Honing machine - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 21,1939. H. L.. .BLOOD I *HONING MACHTNE Filed sept. 23, 193e 5 sheets-sheet 1 LJ/l, hmm- 1 what; a.; @l fw/ 5 s M f nl.: |\.r l |.n. I 5 m. fi# :V z f... E; L. 1 f. fr Il`k 0 A d 8 7 8 7 4. 9 J 5% 6 6 n 5 Q m a a 7# w .2u 7 g2 9 3 w .0 2 Z 7 Feb. 21, v1939. H, 1 BLOOD 2,148,337

HONING MACHINE' Filed sept. 23, 193e 5 sheets-sheet- 2 Jaa .113 JIZ Feb. 21, 1939, L L LOOD 2,148,337

HONING MACHINE Filed sept. 23, 193e A 'sheets-Sheet 3 Feb. 2l, 1939.l v H. L. BLOOD; l v L 2,148,337

HONING MACHINE Filed sept. 23, 193e 5 sheets-sheet 4 Feb. 21, .1939. I H, L. BLOOD 2,148,337

HONING MACHINE i Patented Feb. 2l, 1939 'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HONING MACHINE Harold L. Blood, Worcester, Mass., assignor to The Heald Machine Company, Worcester, Mass., a

corporation of Massachusetts Application September 23, 1936, Serial No. 102,147

14 Claims. (Cl. 51-9V5) The present invention relates to a honing machine and particularly to a machine for the successive honing of a plurality of similar workpieces, all to the same predetermined finished dimens on.

In prior devices of this character the honing operation has generally removed such a relatively small amount of material from the workpiece that it has been considered unnecessary to control the finished size by a size-controlling device, especially when the workpiece has been accurately machined before honing. Where vthe dimension of the honed workpieces must be accurately controlled, within close limits however, l5' a size-controlling device has b een found desirable and one of the principal objects of the present in.

vention is, accordingly, to provide a size-controlling mechanismv in a. honing machine so that the Y honing operation will be brought to a close when 2O the workpiece has been honed precisely to a predetermined dimension.

In applicants prior copending application.

Serial No. 100,911 led Sept. 15, 1936, is disclosed a hone structure in which the wear on the honing members is automatically compensated for by a mechanically actuated device which is entirely automatic and operates independently of the individual honing operations on successive workpieces so that compensation for wear on the honing members occurs only when necessary and independent of the number of workpieces honed.

This type of compensation, in general, is entirely satisfactory, although where a honing machine is controlled and actuated by fluidpressure actuated mechanisms it is desirable to provide a fluid pressure actuated mechanism for compensating for the wear on the hones. Thus, a further feature of the present invention is the provision of a` fluid pressure actuated mechanism by which to 40 procure a compensation for wear on the individual piece before the hone is Withdrawn axially fromthe workpiece. This is true in the honing of either internal or external surfaces of workpieces and in the honing of cylindrical bor'es the hone must be contracted to permit its entry within the unhoned bore without damage to the honing members. A further feature of the present invention resides in the provision of a mechanism for automatic expansion and contraction of the hone automatically in predetermined relation to the relative .axial movement of the hone and work- 5 piece which brings the workpiece into operative relation with the hone and withdraws it therefrom.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter more fully appear 10 from the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which- Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying the invention, with parts broken away to show 15 certain features.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through a part of the machine of Fig. 1, showing the hone in operative position.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical section showing 20 parts of the table controlling and actuating mechanism therefor. i

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view corresponding to Fig. 2, but showing the gage within the bore of the workpiece. 2 Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a detail with parte in section.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view along the line 6 6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 'I is a horizontal sectional view substan- 30 tially along the line 1-1 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical section alon the line 8--8 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a'iluid pressure diagram.

Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view of va modified 35 form of the structure which supports and controls the hone.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional view of a part of the mechanism of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a horizontal sectional view along the 40 line |2-|2 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary fluid pressure diagram for the structure of Figs. 10 to 12.

Like reference characters refer to like parts in the different figures.

With reference to Fig. 1, the machine, which discloses one embodiment of the invention, comprises a base I having a standard 2 and a horivzontal extension 3, in the upper end of which is journalled a spindle 4 carrying ahon e 5. The 50 workpiece a is mounted in a suitable chuck 6 of any desired character, and the chuck is carried by a bracket 'l forming part of a reciprocatory table 8. 'I'he latter is mounted for vertical reciprocation on guideways 9, Fig. 7, provided by the 55 standard 2, and the workpiece is in axial alinement with the hone, the table being moved up wardly to cause the hone to enter within the bore of the workpiece and procure a honing operation thereon.

'Ihe table is reciprocated preferably by uid under pressure and as shown in Fig. 2, the mechanism comprises a cylinder III secured within the standard 2 and having a piston II, whose outwardly extending piston rod I2 is secured to a lug I3 on the table. Fluid under pressure is alternately directed to opposite ends of the cylinder for procuring the vertical reciprocatory movement of the table by means of a reversing valveI I4, the position of which is controlled by a pilot valve I5, Fig. 3, hereinafter more fully described.

vThe pilot valve is shifted for reversing the direcf tion of the table movement by means of a reversing lever I8, Fig. 3; in the form of a bell crank lever. one end of which engages with the projecting end of the pilot valve. 'I'he opposite end of the bell crank lever extends into alinement with reversing dogs I1 and I8 on the table which alternately engage and rock the reversing lever. When the hone is in operative engagement with the workpiece the latter is vertically. reciprocated over the hone with the reversing dogs determining the opposite ends of the reciprocatory movement.

When the honing operation is completed the reversing dog I8 is rendered inoperative and allows the table to have an extended downward movement into the position of Fig. 1 for withdrawing the hone from the workpiece bore. With reference to Figs. 2 and 3, the reversing dog I8 is carried on the end of a horizontally slidable rod I 9. which, when the honing operation is completed, is moved to the left (from the position shown) under the influence of a gage hereinafter described, and this movement of the shaft VI9 procures turning movement of the dog I8 on itspivot pin-2Il as a result of engagement between a projecting arm 2| on said dog and a pin 22 mounted in the table 8, so that the dog assumes the position of Fig. 4 out of alinement with the reversing lever.

The gage 23 is in the form of a plug positioned in alinement with the workpiece bore and adapted to enter the end thereof when the latter is honed to the desired size. The gage is carried on the end of a rod 24 vertically slidable in the bracket i 1 and said rod has a conical collar 25 thereon for effecting movement of the rod I8. The left hand (Fig. 2) end of the rod I9 is enlarged and has a slot 26 through which the rod 24 extends vand an adjustable screw 21 projecting into the slot is in a position for engagement with the collar as the latter is carried'upwardly by entry of the gage within the workpiece.

The gage is normally urged upwardly toward the workpiece by a coil spring 23 surrounding the rod and located between the collar 25 and a projecting bearing 25 integral with the table. The rod 24 has at its lower end, an enlarged head 30 positioned within a'cup 3| secured to the base I and vertically adjustable therein. The cup has a central opening 32 for the rod 24. Invthe arrangement showh the base has a threaded bore 33 for engagement with the threads 34 on the lowerv end of ythe cup 3|. The inwardly extending flange 35 at the opening 32 at the upper end of the cup engages with the head 30 to limit the upward movement of the gage as the workpiece moves upwardly into operative position.

When the workpiece isin operative position and is shifted vertically upward, (causing a relative movement of the hone toward the lower end of the workpiece), the gage is drawn away from the workpiece to avoid engagement between the gage and the end of the hone. As the workpiece moves downwardly in operative position, the gage is allowed to move into contact with the end of the workpiece and when the workpiece is honed to the desired size the gage enters therein. When this occurs, the parts assume the position of Fig. 4, with the collar 25 engaging with the adjustable screw 21 procuring the above mentioned movement of the shaft I9 to the left and rendering the reversing dog I8 inoperative, thereby withdrawing the workpiece from engagement with the hone.

After the finished workpiece has been removed from the machine and an unhonedworkpiecel placed in the workholder, the gage is unable to enter the unhoned bore and is restored to the position of Fig. 1 relative to the workpiece, thereby moving the collar 25 downwardly out of engagement with the screw 21. The shaft I9 is then returned to the position of Figs. 1 and 2 by means of a coil spring 3B surrounding the rod I9 between a bracket 31 secured to the table, and adjustable nuts 38 on said shaft. The nuts 3B limit the movement of the rod I9 to the right by engagement with a portion of the table and thereby control thewperative position of the reversing dog. The dog is moved into the position of Figs. 2 and 3 in readiness for the subsequent operation by a cam 39 on the standard 2, which,

during the movement of the table upwardly .into operative position, engages vwith the arm 2I on said dog and procures turning movement of said dog on its pivot pin 20.

With reference to Fig. 2, the hone 5 which is adapted for expansion and contraction, is made up of a plurality of honing stones 40 suitably'secured to carriers 4I located in radial slots 42 in a sleeve 43 secured to the spindle 4. Flat springs 44 attached to the sleeve 43 at opposite ends of each of the carriers 4I hold the latter within the slots and normally urge said holders inwardly against the conical end 45 of a rod 4B axially slidable within the spindle 4 and sleeve 43, said rod, by its axial movement procuring expansion or contraction of the hones.`

The spindle 4, which is journalled in the horizontal extension 3 of the standard, has secured thereto, as by a key 41. a ring gear gear 48 engageable with a pinion 49 on the end of a shaft 5I)4 journalled in the extension 3 and connected to a driving motor 5|, Fig. 1, which provides for rotation of the hone, andA also for rotation of a fluid pressure pump 52 located between the motor and the pinion.

The rod 46 is axiallyslidable within the spindle yIl and has a key 53 movable in a keyway 54 in the shaft to provide for axial movement of said rod without turning movement relative to the spindle. The downward movement of the rod 45, which procures expansion of the hones, is limited by a nut 55 in threaded engagement with the rod and engaging with the upper end of the sleeve or spindle 4. The upper end of the rod 46 carries a piston 56 movable ina cylinder 51 in a housing 58 mounted on the extension 3 and coil springs 59 positioned between the upper side of the piston and the end of the cylinder urge the rod 46 resiliently downwardly for expanding the hone into engagement witlfthe workpiece bore. Fluid under pressure is admitted to\the underside of the piston 56 through a suitable conduit 60, at

the end of the honing operation, to provide for contraction of the hone so that the latter will be withdrawn radially lfrom engagement with the To compensate for wear on the honing ,stones the nut 55 is turned slightly on the rod 46 when compensation is necessary so that during the successive honing operation the hone carriers 4I will be moved a slightly greater distance outwardly byA 63 'on the upper end of the nut 55. The collar 6I,

as best shown in Fig. 6, has a segmental recess 64 in which'is received the end of a pin 65 projecting from the rod 46, so that the collar 6| may turn relative to the rod 46 through a small angle.

` The collar 6l is normally held in the position of the rod 46, during Fig. 6, relative to the rod .46 yby a coil spring 66 positioned within the recess.

When the hones are reduced in size by wear so that a compensation for wear is required; a fluid pressure actuated plunger 61, Fig. 2, slidable in a recess' in the housing 58, in which the cylinder 51 is located, engages with the collar 6| to hold the latter against turning movement. With the rod 46 4turning in the direction indicated by the arrow, Fig. 6, and with the collar 6| held against turning movement, it will be apparent that the nut 55 will be turned on the rod 46 a predator- 'mined amount, controlled by the length ,of the segmental recess 64, Aand will accordingly allow the subsequent honing operations, to move downwardly a slightly greater distance than before. After this compensation has taken pla-ce and the fluid pressure on the plunger 61 has been relieved, the collar 6| is returned to the `position of Fig. 6 by means of the spring 66, since the ratchet teeth are eective only in one direction.

The hones do not, in general, wear to such an amount that a compensation is necessary during each honing operation since only a small amount of stock is removed from the workpiece. The

honing operation is preferablycompleted within -a predetermined number of reciprocatory strokes of the workpiece relative to the hone. If the honing operation takes more than this predetermined number of strokes the honing stones are not eX- erting enough pressure against the work and a compensation for wear is necessary. If the compensation occurs before necessary the proper surface nish is not obtained. In order that the compensation may take place only when necessary so that the honing operation may be com- 'pleted within the predetermined number of reciprocations, the compensatory mechanism has been arranged to function independently of the number of honing operations performed by the machine.

With reference to Figs. 1 and 5, the table 8 has a projecting dog 69, which, when the table is in operative position, engages with the end of an arm 10, journalled on a stud 1i, to procure oscillation of the latter. A pawl 12 is carried by the end of said arm and urged by a spring 13 into engagement with' a ratchet 14 journalled on the same s tud 1| on the standard 2. A pin 15 in the standard 2 limits the downward movement of the arm 1I] which is urged resiliently downwardly by a spring 16 also mounted on the standard. I'he sition of Fig. 1. Y worn to such an extent that the honing operation in the standard 2 'from position the valve 9| is released and ratchet is normally urged counterclockwiseby a coil spring 11 surrounding the stud 1I and having one end engaging with a pin 18 on the standard 2,.

and the other end engaging in an opening 19 in the ratchet. A second pawl 80 journalledon a pin 8l on the standard 2 is held resiliently in engagement with the ratchet by aspring 82 to prevent counterclockwise movement ofthe ratchet.

A lug 83 on the ratchet is in a position for engagement with a projecting end of a valve 84 in a valve casing 85 secured to the standard. When the valve is shifted by the lug 83 a compensation for wear of the honing stones takes place, since fluid under pressure is directed to the recess 68 to shift the plunger 61, as will be hereinafter described. The ratchet is normally in the position of Fig. 1, with the lug a substantial distance from 84. For each reciprocation chet is advanced clockwise a 83 spa-ced angularly the end of the valve of the table the ratpredetermined number of teeth in response to the oscillation of the arm 16 by the dog 69 on the table.

Ifthe gage enters the bore of the workpiece be fore the valve 84 is shifted by the lug 83 no compensation for wear takes place, and when the table reaches the inoperative or loading position of Fig. l, the ratchet is allowed to return to its original position in readiness for the subsequent honing operation. To this end the table 8 has a projecting bar 86, Fig. 1, having `a shoulder 81 engageable with the pawl 80 to rock the latter out of engagement with the ratchet. The dog 69 is withdrawn from engagement with the arm 1D as the table moves downwardly, and the arm 16 also moves downwardly, bringing an extending arm 88 on the pawl 12 into engagement with a cam 89 carried by the standard 2. This cam causes withdrawal of the pawl 12vout of engagement with the ratchet so that the latter may be turned counterclockwise by the spring 11 into the normal po- When the hones have become is not completed before the Valve 84 is shifted by the lug 83, a compensation for wear takes place. Thus the compensation for wear on `the stones takes place when necessary and independently of the number of honing operations between successive compensations.

s above stated, the hones are expanded when the hone has entered the workpiece and are contracted before the workpiece is fully withdrawn from engagement therewith. With reference to Figs. '7 and 8, a valve casing 90 is mounted withand has a valve 91 slidable therein, Fig. 1. The. valve has a projecting end 92 in a-pcsition for engagement by a cam 93 secured to the table. As the workpiece reaches operative position the valve 9| is shifted by the cam 93 to allow fluid under pressure to exhaust from beneath the piston 56, thus allowing the hone to expand into operative position, and as the moves downwardly to withdraw the workpiece fluid pressure isagain directed to the underside of the piston 56, thereby elevating the piston and contracting the hone. The cam 93 is preferably located in a position to procure the expansion and contraction of the hone while the workpiece is in operative honing position.

With reference to Fig. 9, which shows the fluid pressure diagram in detail, the pump 52 draws fluid under pressure through a conduit the tank 85 which is positioned within the standtable ard. Fluid under pressure from the pump 52 is several valve mechanisms, the pressure in this conduit 96 being controlled by a relief valve 91 in an exhaust connection 98 from the pump to the tank.

For controlling the table movements the pilot valve I5, which is located in the valve casing 99, controls theposition of I4 by which site ends of the table cylinder I0, the reversing valve |4 being located in a casing |00 attached to the table cylinder I0.' The pressure conduit 96 is connected by another conduit IOI to a port |02 in the pilot valve casing 99, and iluid under pressure passes selectively from the port |02 -to either of two spaced ports |03 or |04 in the casing 99, these ports being and |06 respectively, to opposite ends of the reversing valve casing |00. The pilot valve has two tionbetween an outlet port in the casing spaced reduced portions |01 and |08 and when uid under pressure is admitted to one of the ports |03 or |04 by one reduced portion,`the other of these ports is connected by the other reduced portion to one of two spaced exhaust ports |09 and I0 in the pilot valve casing. These latter ports are connected by conduits III and-I l2 to the exhaust connection 98.

With the pilot valve in the position shown, which is the position of the valve during upward movement oi the table, fluid under pressure passes through the conduit |06 and urges the main reversing valve I4 into the 'position shown so that iiuid under pressure is directed to the lower end of the table cylinder. As shown, a

conduit II3 provides a connection between the l conduit IOI and two spaced inlet ports |I4 and I I5 in the reversing valve casing I00. A channel I I6 in the table cylinder provides a fluid connec- |00 and the lower end of the table cylinder and a channel I|8 provides a connection between an outlet port I|9 in the casing |00 and the upper end of the table cylinder.

to the conduit III exhaust connection 98.

two spaced reduced portions |22 and |23 which' provide iluidconnection betweenthe ports I I4 and I |9 or the ports ||5 and Il'l selectively, the opposite one of the ports`| I1 or |I9 being connected to the exhaust port |20. Shifting of the pilot valve I5 will shift the reversing .valve I4 and accordingly reverse the direction of movement of the table.

To prevent upward movement of the table beyond the normal operative position, the channel ||8 is spaced a short distance from the extreme end of the cylinder I0, and if the piston I| moves beyond the end of this channel the exhaust oi4 fluid through the reversing valve is cut off. To permit downward movement of the table from a position where the piston II covers the end of the channel I|8, a by-pass |24, having a 'ball check valve |25 therein, provides a connection from the channel IIB to the extreme upper end of the table cylinder to allow the entrance of fluid under pressure to the end of said cylinder.

As above stated, the valve 9| controls the expansion and contraction of the hone. Referring again to Fig. 9, connected to a port |26 in the casing 90 and the conduit 60, above referred to, is connected to a port |21 in the same casing. The valve 9| is normally held in the position shown by a coil spring |26, so that iiuid under pressure is directed around a reduced portion |29 of said valve .to the the main reversing valve iiuid is directed alternately to oppov connected by conduits |05 l An exhaust port |20 in the casing |00 is connected by a conduit I2I nected to the reversing lever procures movement of the pilot the fluid pressure conduit |0| is' underside of' the piston 56, urging the latter upwardly and thereby collapsing the hone. As the work reaches operative position the valve 9| is shifted to the right, as above stated, closing the port |26 and providing fluid connection from the port |21 to a port |30 connected by a conduit |3I to the exhaust conduit I I, thus allowing fluid to exhaust from the cylinder 5l so that the piston can move downwardly and procure expansion of the hone for the honing operation, the expansion being limited by engagement between the nut 55 and the end of the spindle 4.

The mechanism which provides for compensation for wear is actuated by iiuid under pressure, as above stated. Referring again to Fig. 9, the iiuid pressure conduit 96 is connected by a short circuit |32 to a port |33 in the casing 85. A port |34 in the same casing is connected by a conduit |35 to the recess 68. The valve 64 is normally in the position shown in which the reduced portion |36 of the valve provides fluid connection between the port |34 and an exhaust port |37 connected by a conduit i38 to the exhaust conduit When compensation for wear becomes necessary the lug 83 procures movement of the valve 84 to the right, allowing uid under pressure to enter the recess 68, shifting the plunger 6'! to the left to lock the collar 6I frictionally against turning movement. When the collar is held against turning the relative turning movement of the collar on the spindle (limited by the length of the segmental recess) procures a corresponding turning movement of the nut 55 on the rod 46 to allow the rod to.move slightly farther downwardly during subsequent honing operations.

In operation, the machine, when at rest, is in the position of Fig. 1, in which is shown an unhoned workpiece a, the internal diameter of which is too small to allow the gage 23 to enter therein. The gage is accordingly held in the position shown, with the collar 25 on the gage rod in such relation to the adjustable screw 21 that the rod I9 is in the right hand position of this figure. To set the machine in operation, the operator turns the handle |39, Fig. 1, which is directly con- |6 and thereby valve I5 to the left into the position of Fig. 9 for upward movement of the table into operative position. As

the table moves upwardly into operative posir table reaches operative position with the hone located 'within the workpiece, the hone, which has been contracted, is caused to expand by the shifting movement of the valve 9|.

The hone having entered the bore of the workpiece and been expanded, the workpiece is reciprocated in operative position until, during a downward movement of the table, the gage 23 enters the workpiece bore, thereby procuring movement of the rod I9 to the left to render the reversing dog I8 inoperative. The table then begins its downward movement into inoperative position. As the table begins its downward movement into inoperative position, and before the hone is entirely withdrawn from the workpiece bore, the cam 93 releases the valve 9| so that the latter returns to the position of Fig. 9 and .causes a contraction of the hone.

During the honing operation, while the table is reciprocated in operative position, the reciprocations procure a step-by-step clockwise advance of the ratchet 14. It` the honing stones are not worn to such an extent as to require adjustment gf the hone, the honing operation will be brought o an end by entry of the gage in the'workpiece bore before the lug 83 is brought into engagement with the valve 84 and no compensation for wear takes place. As the table moves downwardly into inoperative position at the end of each honing operation, the ratchet 14 is released and returned by the spring to its original posi# tion of Fig. 1 in readiness for the subsequent honing operation.

If there is a necessity for compensating for f wear on the hone, the reciprocations of the table procure a clockwise rotation of the ratchet 'I4 far enough to procure shifting movement of the v, valve 84 by the lug 83, thereby introducing fluid under pressure to the right hand end oi the plunger 61.' When this occurs, the collar 6I is frictionally held against turning until the nut 55 has been backed away on the rod 46 far enough to allow the honing stones to move radially outward to compensate for the amount they have been reduced in size. v When compensation for wear occurs, the honing operation proceeds as before, with the lug 83 withdrawn from the valve 84 as the result of the downward movement of the table at the end of the honing operation, so that the plunger 61 is backed away from the collar 6| until a further compensation for wear becomes necessary. r

In the modification of Figs. 10 to 13 inclusive, the compensation for wear on the honing stones is provided in a somewhat different manner than that abovel described. With reference to these igures, the hone spindle 4l has secured thereto a sleeve 43' within which the hone actuating rod 46 is slidable. The spindle 4' has secured thereto .the driving gear 48 for rotation of the hone 5 on the' end of thel sleeve 43. A nut 55 is `in threaded engagement with the rod 46 and engages the end of the spindle 4 tolimit the downward movement of the rod 46 and thereby control the expanded position of the honing stones. Tothe upper end of the rod 46 is secured a piston 56 vertically slidable in a cylinder v51. Coil springs 59' engage with the upper side of the piston 55', normally urging the piston downwardly for expanding the hones; Thus far the structure is the same as that of the original embodi- 4 ment` of the machine above described.

`To provide for the compensation for wear in this modification, the housing 58 has positioned above the cylinder l a slightly larger cylinder |40 in which is positioneda piston |4| directly above the piston 56'; Fluid under pressure is normally directed to the upper side of the piston |4| through a conduit |42, thereby holding the piston |4| in its lower position of Fig. 10 to limit `the upward movement of the rod 46. The spindle 4 has an integral sleeve |43 surrounding and extending above the nut 55', and within the sleeve is positioned a collar |44 having ratchetl teeth |45 cooperating with corresponding ratchet teeth |46 on the nut 55'. A shoulder |41 on th'e collar engages the end of `thesleeve |43 and normally holds the cooperating ratchet teeth out of engagement.

' When a compensation `for wear becomes necessary, the fluid under pressure above the piston `HH is allowed to exhaust, thereby allowingthe -piston 56 to move upwardly far enough for the cooperating ratchet teeth to engage with each other. A continued upward movement of the rod 46" after the teeth are in engagement procures a rotation of the collar |44 relative to the rod 46', since this collar has a. slot |48, Fig. 12, engageable with a pin |49 projecting from the rod 46'. The slot |48, however, extends at an angle to the center line of the rod 48 to produce a slight turning movement of the collar |44 which results in a corresponding movement of the nut 55 on the rod 46. The backing ofl or turning of the nut 55 allows the rod to move downwardly a slightly greater distance than before, to procure an increased expansion of the hone which compensates for wear on the honing stones.

With reference to Fig, 13, the valve casing 85' corresponds to the casing 85, above described, with the exception that the port |33 is connected to the exhaust conduit |38 instead of the uid pressure supply, and the port-|3'| is connected to the pressure supply conduit |32 rather than to exhaust. Thus, with the Valve 84 ln its normal position, fluid under pressure is directed at all times through the conduit |42 to the upper side of the piston 4|. When compensation for wear on the stones becomes necessary, the valve 84 -is shifted to the right, as above described in constructure by which to compensate for the wearv on these stones, independently of the individual honing operations. The machine also provides a hydraulically actuated mechanism by which to collapse the hone be'fore its withdrawal from the bore of the workpiece and to provide for expansion of the hone when the latter is in a position for honing. l

I claim,

l. In a honing machine, a hone comprising a. plurality of angularly spaced honing members movable relative to each other and simultaneously engageable with a single surface of a workpiece, a work-support having a workpiece positioned therein for engagement by the hone, a gage for terminating the honing operation when the workpiece reaches a predetermined size, and means for compensating fonwear on the hone.

2. In a honing machine, a hone comprising `a plurality of angularly spaced honing members movable relative to each other and simultaneously engageable with a single surface of a workpiece, a work-support having a workpiece posi` v:sis

tioned therein for engagement by the hone, a

gage for terminating the honing operation when the workpiece reaches a predetermined size, and means for compensating for wear on the hone, said last means being operative if the gage does not become operative after a predetermined period of honing.

3. In a honing machine, a hone comprising a plurality of angularly spaced honing members movable relative to each other and simultaneously engageable with a single surface of a Workpiece, a work-support tioned therein for engagement by the hone, a gage for terminating the honing operation when the workpiece reaches a predetermined size, and means fcrpprocuring a compensation for wear on the hone a predetermined time after the beginning of the honing operation.

having a workpiece posi` 4. In a honing machine, a. hone comprising a plurality of angularly spaced honing members movable relative to each other and simultaneously engageable with a single surface of a workpiece, a work-support having a workpiece posi-r tioned therein for engagement by the hone, a

gage for terminating the honing operation when the workpiece reaches a predetermined size, and uid pressure actuated means for procuring compensation for wear on the hone a predetermined time alter the beginning' of the honing operation.

5. In a honing machine, a hone comprising a plurality of angularly spaced honing members movable relative to each other and simultaneously engageable with a single surface of a workpiece, a work-support having a workpiece positioned therein, means for procuring a relative reciprocatlon between the hone and work-support when the latter is in operative position, a gage for terminating the honing operation when the workpiece reaches a predetermined size, and uid pressure actuated means for procuring a compensation for wear on the honing member after a predetermined number oi' reciprocations of the work-support relative to the hone.

6. In a honing machine, a hone having at least one honing member movable relative to the hone for expansion and contraction thereof, a worksupport having a workpiece positioned therein, a

gage adapted to enter the -bore of `the workpiece when the latter reaches a predetermined size for terminating the honing operation, and uid pressure actuated means responsive to the entry of said gage for contracting the hone.

'7. In a honing machine, a hone having at least one honing member movable relative thereto into and out of operative position, a work-support having a workpiece positioned therein, fluid pressure actuated means for shifting said honing member, means for limiting the movement of the member into operative position, and means for procuring a compensation for wear on the mem- `ber by automatic adjustment of the limiting means.

8. In a honing machine, a hone having a plu-` rality of honing members movable relative thereto, fluid pressure actuated means for moving said members for expanding and contracting the hone, a work-support having a workpiece therein,

means for procuring a relative movementk between operation, and means for contracting the hone prior to said separation.

9. In a honing machine, a rotatable hone hav; ing a plurality of honing members movable relative thereto for expansion and contraction of the hone,I means for limiting the expansion of said hone, and fluid pressure actuated means for compensating for wear on the honing members by adjustment of said limiting means.

10. In a honing machine, the combination with a collapsible hone, of a size controlling mechanism having a feeler engageable with lthe surface of the workpiece being honed, and means under the control of the size controlling mechanism for procuring collapse of the hone.

11. In a honing machine, the combination with a collapsible hone, of a size controlling mechanism having a feeler engageable with the surface of the workpiece being honed, uid pressure actuated means for collapsing the hone, and means under the control'of the size controlling mechanism for actuating said fluid pressure means.

12. In a honing machine, a hone comprising an arbor and a plurality of angularly spaced honing members carried by said arbor and movable relative thereto into and out of operative position, a

work-support, size determining means, and means under the control of said size determining means for procuring a movement of the honing members relative to the arbor into inoperative position.

13. In a honing machine, a hone comprising an arbor and a plurality of angularly spaced honing members carried by said arbor and movable relative thereto into and out of operative position, a work-support, means for procuring a honing operation in a workpiece in said support, said honing operation including an axial reciprocation between said hone and workpiece, size determining means, and means responsive to said size determining means for procuring movement of the honing members relative to the arbor into inoperative position.

14. In a honing machine, a hone comprising an arbor and a plurality of angularly spaced honing members carried by said arbor and movable relative thereto into and out of'operative position, a work-support, means for procuring a honing operation in a workpiece in said support, said honing operation including an axial reciprocation between said hone and workpiece, size determining means and meansresponsive to said size determining means for procuring movement of the honing members relative to the arbor into inoperative position and withdrawal of the hone from the workpiece.

HAROLD L. BLOOD.

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