US2146914A - Potential-regulating apparatus - Google Patents

Potential-regulating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2146914A
US2146914A US134445A US13444537A US2146914A US 2146914 A US2146914 A US 2146914A US 134445 A US134445 A US 134445A US 13444537 A US13444537 A US 13444537A US 2146914 A US2146914 A US 2146914A
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regulating
winding
transformer
cores
fine
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US134445A
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English (en)
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Rauhut Paul
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Julius Pintsch AG
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Julius Pintsch AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
    • B60L9/02—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using DC motors
    • B60L9/14—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using DC motors fed from different kinds of power-supply lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/06—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with current collector gliding or rolling on or along winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles

Definitions

  • This invention relates apparatus and consists signer to Julius Pintsch Kiranditgescllschaft,Bcrlln, Germany Y Application April 1, 1937, Serial No. 134,445
  • the inven tion has for object to provide im- 5 proved potential-regulating apparatus by means of which the heavy load such as that of potential of a load, particularly a an alternating current motor of a locomotive, can be varied, by as fine steps or as coarse steps as may be desired, not 0 on ly without ful arcing,
  • the a regulating transformer consists of several component cores on which is distributed provided with tappings. Each part of the winding is linked with only a portion of the power flux passing through the entire iron core.
  • the component cores so that there results limbs. It is however component may be connected by yokes a single iron core of several advantageous to separate the cores from one another magnetically and to provide them with special magnetic return paths.
  • an equalizing winding which is divided into coils connected in parallel and each individual coil of which embraces at least two component cores.
  • the equalizing winding has the effect that an asymmetric loading of the tapped winding of the regulating transformer not result in the entire iron by the load current does asymmetric flux distribution over core.
  • This asymmetric flux distribution is in fact restricted to the part of the entire iron core ponent cores.
  • a regulating transformer according to the invention may therefore be used with special advantage as a fine-adjustment device for a large regul ating transformer, in particular one for an electriclocomotive motor. 7
  • the regulating April 7, 1 936 (01. 1'z1 119) switch can remain stationary on the contact path in any position, even though short-circuiting of a part of the winding results.
  • the invention also possesses important advantages as a potentialregulating apparatus for the purposes of arc welding.
  • FIG. 1 there is represented diagrammatically a network in which a regulating transformer constructed according to the invention may be employed.
  • FIG. 2 shows diagrammatically an example of a regulating transformer according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a further example.
  • FIGS 4, 4a, and 4b there is represented partly diagrammatically an apparatus comprising a main regulating transformer and a fine-adjustment device according to the invention and the mode of operation of this arrangement is illustrated.
  • Figures 5 and 5a to 5a" show likewise apparatus comprising a main regulating transformer and a fine-adjustment transformer according to the invention in a somewhat modified constructional form.
  • the load (motor of the locomotive) V ( Figure 1) is to be switched over for example from one to the other of two consecutive tappings. L1 and L2 of the transformer of the locomotive. The switching-over from one tapping to the other is effected by the switching in or out of turns of the fine-adjustment transformer D. k
  • FIGs 2 and 3 there are shown diagrammatically two examples of fine-adjustment transformers constructed according to the invention.
  • the winding 2 has tappings with contacts 3 which are passed over by the brush 4 leading to the load.
  • short-circuit current flows round only for example the first of the component cores I.
  • the power flux in this component core is reduced by the short-circuit current and the formation of a large short-circuit current is consequently avoided.
  • the equalizing winding which serves for preventing an ununiform distribution of flux over.
  • the entire fine-adjustment transformer when the load current flows through only a portion of the fine adjustment transformer consists of three coils 5, connected in parallel in the case of the constructional example diagrammatically represented in Figure 2.
  • the power flux linked with each of these coils 5 is distributed over two separate component cores I.
  • the total number of the several component cores I is not restricted; it may correspond to the difference between the potentials of the tappings Ll and L2 to be bridged over.
  • the regulating winding 2 surrounds each component core only once, as does the equalizing winding. In practice, however, in most cases several turns are advantageously arranged on one component core.
  • the equalizing winding is absent and that the regulation of the potential of the load circuit is being effected by the movement of the contact 4 towards the right and that the contact 4 is on the fourth contact 3 from the left.
  • the load current flows from L1 to the load around three of the cores I and through the contact I and consequently produces in those cores I a comparatively high leakage flux, whereby they become saturated. This has the eifect that the inductance of the winding 2 becomes very small inasmuch as the winding 2 extends through the three left-hand cores I.
  • the potential applied to the tappings L1 and L2 is applied consequently only to the part of the regulating winding 2 that extends through the three cores I on the righti. e., the exciting power flux produced by the potential at L1 and L2 is deflected from the three cores I on the left to the three cores I on the right in the figure.
  • the exciting power flux produced by the potential at L1 and L2 is deflected from the three cores I on the left to the three cores I on the right in the figure.
  • the equalizing winding is intended to prevent such lack of unifomity.
  • This winding divides the existing six cores I into three groups of two cores each and couples these three groups together magnetically-i. e., the magnetic flux is the same in each of the three groups. It is consequently no longer possible to deflect the exciting power flux for example from the first group of cores I (shown on the felt in Fig.
  • each of the coils 5 of the equalizing winding embraces not only one core I but 15 two cores I, is based on the fact that on the shortcircuiting of two contacts 3 by the contact 4 it is desirable that some flux deflection should be possible for the purpose of reducing the shortcircuit current that would otherwise occur. This. 20 flux deflection is, however, prevented from extending over the entire core system; it is'restricted to deflection from one core I upon the other core I encircled by the same coil of the equalizing winding.
  • FIG 3 shows a further constructional example of the invention in which there are provided two component cores I of laminated sheet-iron that are magnetically separated from each other.
  • Each component core I has in this case two mag- 30 netic return paths I and I".
  • This construction of the iron core as an enveloping core has been found to be particularly advantageous.
  • Each coil 5 of the equalizing winding encircles one component core I, on which there is placed further 5 in each case a portion of the regulating winding 2.
  • the winding 2 is provided with tappings in such a manner thaton the short-circuiting. of two contacts 3 the short-circuit embraces only one of the return paths I and I".
  • the equaliz- 40 ing coils 5 are again connected in parallel. In some cases it may be advantageous to connect the equalizing coils directly to the tappings L1 and L2.
  • the contacts 3 form an annular contact path, which is advantageous in many cases, especially when it is a question of a transformer that is to serve as a fine-adjustment device in combination with a main regulating transformer.
  • the 59 brush is advantageously coupled with theregulating switch of the main transformer in such a manner that on the moving forward of the said switch the fine-adjustment transformer moves along the tappings of the main transformer byv one step after each complete regulation of the fine adjustment transformer, i. e., each time the brush has passed over all the contacts 3.
  • the contacts of the fine-adjustment transformer are then advantageously arranged in such a manner that the brush can always be rotated in the same sense, the switching forward of the fine-adjustmerit transformer along the tappings of the main transformer taking place in a definite direction.
  • the component cores are assembled to form a ring in the interior of which is arranged the likewise annular contact path.
  • the assembling of the component cores to form a closed ring has, as usually has the close packing together of the component cores, the advantage that heat can be well conducted from one component core to another. In this way an 75 injurious over-heating of a component core, possibly in consequence of a long continuing shortcircuiting of apart of the winding, is avoided with certainty.
  • FIGs 4, 4a, and 4b there is represented potential-regulating apparatus comprising a; main regulating transformer and a fine-adjustment transformer according to the invention.
  • the main regulating transformer II has tappings l2, l3, l4, which are to be bridged by the fine-adjustment transformer.
  • the fine-adjustment transformer consists of four separate component cores I with equalizing winding connected in parallel with one another anda regulating winding 2 which encircles all the component cores successively.
  • the iron cores are preferably constructed in the same manner as that represented in Figure 3.
  • the fine-adjustment transformer is connected through the contacts or terminals 6 and I to the tappings l2 and I3 of the main transformer.
  • the potential applied at 30 to the load is increased by turning the regulating switch 4 in the sense of the arrow.
  • the switch When the switch has reached the end position shown by dotted lines, the load is connected directly to the tapping l3 of the main transformer.
  • the fine-adjustment transformer must now be switched on so as to place it between the tappings l3 and M.
  • the switch 4 is preferably coupled by means of a tapping selector with the movable contacts 6 and l in such a manner that the contacts 6 and l are moved forward on the further movement of the switch 4 from the position shown in broken lines.
  • FIG 5 there is shown another constructional form of the subject-matter of the invention in which the load current flows not through the regulating winding of the'fine-adjustment transformer but through the fixed fiLgflllZll'lg winding.
  • the arrangement' is shown first diagrammatically in Figure 5 for the sake of easier comprehension.
  • the equalizing winding is divided into two groups of coils 25 and 25' to the middle of which is connected the conductor 30 leading to the load.
  • the regulating winding co sists likewise of two parts 22 and 22', which can be more or less short-circuited by means of the regulating switch 24.
  • the currents flow always in opposite directions in the winding parts 25 and 25' of the equalizing winding and theparts 22 and 22 of the regulating winding.
  • FIGs 5a to 5d the several phases of the switohing-over'operation are represented in detail.
  • the fine-adjustment transformed consists of two groups of separate cores 2
  • the equalizing coils are connected to the several tappings of the main transformer through the contacts or terminals 26 and 21 and are in a potentiometer connection. At 30 the potential is taken off for the load.
  • the load can be gradually switched over from the tapping I2 to the tapping l3 by the more or less powerful short-circuiting of the several regulating-winding parts by means of the contact path 23 and the regulating switch 24.
  • the regulating switch 24 When the regulating switch 24 is-in the position shown in Figure 5a the entire regulating winding 22 is short-circuited and consequently the resistance of the windings 25 is reduced to practically nothing.
  • the flow of current in the windings is represented by the arrows. One arrow corresponds in each case to the portion of current that pertains to one core.
  • the regulating switch 24 is preferably coupled directly with the contacts 26 and 21, maybe through Geneva gear,
  • Figure 6 shows a; constructional example of the idea of the invention in which the contact 5 path of the fine-adiustment transformer is made as a straight path.
  • the fine-adjustment transformer consists again of separate iron cores 48 with equalizing 45 which are provided thereon and each of which ,encircles two cores 10 and whichare' all connected parallelwith one another, and of. a regulating winding 42 which encircles the cores successively?
  • the cores them-f go of the fine-adjustment transformer must be shifted by one tapping along the tappings 32 to 38 of the main transformer 3i; In order that this shifting maybe effected positively when the regulating switch 44 has reached thejend contacts 25 or 46 and ll of the fine-adjustment transformer, which are connected to the end con- V tacts Q3 and 43' rwpectively, are fastezred to a toothed rod, or tapping selector 88 which is coupled with the operating device of the regulating switch it by a toothed wheel Stand Geneva g'ear 52,53.
  • the operating device itself consists of a'hand-wheel 54 located on the axle 55 and a crankIG-and is constructed in such a manner a that on the rotation of the hand-wheel Bl in a constant sense the regulating switch 44 is moved toand fro by means of the rod 49.
  • "lhetappet arm-52 is arranged on the axle 55 in such a manno that a tappet comes into engagement with the 4 Geneva wheel 53 each time that the regulating' switch is on one of the' end contacts and "43'.
  • said iron core consisting of a plurality of component cores
  • said equalizing winding consistingot a plurality of coils which are connected in parallel with one another and each of which embraces a plurality of said component cores
  • said regulating winding being connected with said con path in such a manner that on the short- 60 circuiting of two adjacent contacts of said contact path the short-circuit will embrace only one of said component cores.
  • a regulating transformer comprising an iron core, a regulating winding, a contact path, and an equalizingwinding, said iron core consisting of a plurality of enveloping cores each of which has a middle limb and at least tworeturn paths, said equalizing winding consisting of aeplurality of coils which are connected in parallel with one 70 another and each of which embraces said middle limb of one ofsaid enveloping cores, and said regulating winding being distributed over said middlelimbs of said enveloping cores and having toppings connected with said contact path in such 1 a manner that on the short-circuiting oftwo adregulating switch always producesa potential;
  • a regulating transformer comprising an iron-v a'pcaoie jacent contacts of said contact path the short-circult willembrace only one of said returnv paths I of one of said enveloping-cores.
  • Potential-regulating apparatus comprising v.a main transformerhaving a regulating winding the toppings of which lead to a contact, path, a fine-adjustment transformer for the division of the potential between two of said tappings of said main transformer, and means for moving said v fine-adjustment transformer along said contact path of said main transformer, said fine-adjustment transformer comprising an iron core, a regulating winding, a second contact'path, and an equalizing winding, said iron core consisting of a plurality of component cores, said equalizing winding consisting at a plurality of coils which are connected in parallel with one another and each of which embraces a plurality of said component cores, and said regulatingwindlngof said fine-adjustment transformer being conngctedm with said second contact path in such a. manner that on the short-circuiting bf two adjacent contacts of said second contact path the short-circuit will embrace only ,one ofsaid component cores.
  • Potential-regulating apparatus comprising a 5 main transformer having a regulating winding a the 'tap'pings of which lead to a contact path, a 4 fine-adj tmerit transformer and means for move ing'said fine-adjustment transformer, along. said contact path of said main transformer, said-iineadjustment transformer comprising an iron core, a r'egulatingwinding, a second contact path, and
  • said iron core consisting of a plurality of enveloping cores each having a1 middle limb and at least two return paths, said V equalizing winding consisting or a plurality of calls which are connected in parallel :with one another and each of which embraces said middle limb of one ofsaid enveloping cores, and said regulating winding being distributed over said y middle limbs of said enveloping cores and having toppings connected with saidsecondfcontact path in such a manner that on the short-,circulting of two adjacent contacts of said second contact path the short-circuit will embrace onlyone of said return paths of ,one of said enveloping cores.
  • Potential-regulating apparatus comprising a. main transformer having a regulating ,windingthe' tappings of which lead to a first contact path, a
  • fine-adjustment transformer, and av tapping so selector, said tapping selector having attached to it. the terminals; of said fine-adjustment trans former, said fine-adjustment transformer comprising an iron core, an equalizing winding, a regulatingwinding, a second contact path, and a x regulating switch, saidiron core consisting of, a-
  • said equalizing winding consisting of a plurality of coils each of which embraces a.- plurality of said component cores, said regulating winding of said flne-ad- 6n justment transformer being connected with said second contact path insucha manner that on the short-circuitng of two adjacent contacts of said second contact p th by said regulating switch the short-circuit wil embrace only one of said 5 -move said terminals of said fine-adjustment transformer forward on said first contact path by one tapping.
  • said iron core consisting of a plurality of component cores
  • said equalizing winding consisting of two groups of paral lelly connected coils each of which embraces at least two of said component cores, said two groups of parallelly connected coils being connected in series to said terminals, and being connected to,
  • Potential-regulating apparatus comprising a main transformer having a regulating winding the tappings of which lead to a first contact path, a fine-adjustment transformer, and a tapping selector for moving the, terminals of said fine-adjustinent transformer along said contact path of said main transformer, said fine-adjustment transformer comprising an iron core, an equalizing winding; a regulating winding, a second contact path, and a regulating switch, said iron core consisting of a plurality of component cores, said equalizing winding consisting of a plurality of coils which are connected in parallel with one another and each of which embraces a plurality of component cores, said regulating winding of said fine-adjustment transformer being connected with said second contact path in such a manner that on the short-circuiting of two adjacent contacts of said second contact path the shortcircuit will embrace only one of said component cores, said contact paths of said main transformer and said fine-adjustment transformer being made as straight paths, said regulating switch of said fine-adjust
  • Potential-regulating apparatus comprising a main transformer having a regulating winding the tappings of which lead to a contact path, a fine-adjustment transformer for the division of the potential between two of said tappings of said main transformer, and means for moving said fine-adjustment transformer along said contact path of said main transformer, said fine-adjustment transformer comprising an iron core, a regulating winding, a second contact path, and an equalizing-winding, said iron core consisting of a plurality of component cores, said equalizing winding consisting of a plurality of coils which are connected in parallel with one another and each of which embraces a plurality of said component cores, and said regulating winding of said fineadjustment transformer being connected with said second contact path in such a manner that on the short-circuiting of two adjacent contacts of said second contact path the short-circuit will embrace only one of said component cores.
  • Potential-regulating apparatus comprising a main transformer having a regulating winding the tappings of which lead to a contact path, a fine-adjustment transformer for the division of the potential between-two of said tappings of said main transformer, and means for moving said fine-adjustment transformer along said contact path of said main transformer, said fine-adjustment transformer comprising an iron core, a regulating winding, a second contact path, and an equalizing winding, said iron core consisting of a plurality of enveloping cores each having a middle limb and at least two return paths, said equalizing winding consisting of a plurality of coils which are connected in parallel with one another and each of which embraces said middle limb of one of said enveloping cores, and said regulating winding being distributed over said middle limbs of said enveloping cores and having tappings connected with said second contact path in such a manner that on the short-circuiting of two adjacent contacts of said second'contact path the short-circuit will embrace only one of said return paths
  • Potential-regulating apparatus comprising a main transformer having a regulating winding the tappings of which lead to a contact path, a fine-adjustmenttransformer for the division of the potential between two of said tappings of said main transformer, and means for moving the fine-adjustment transformer along said contact path of said main transformer, said fine-adjustment transformer comprising an iron core, a regulating winding, a second contact path and an 'equalizing winding, said iron core consisting of a plurality of component cores, said equalizing winding consisting of a plurality of coils which are connected in parallel with one another and each of which embraces a plurality of said component 'cores, and said regulating winding of said fine-adjustment transformer being connected with said second'contact path in such a manner that on the short-circuiting of two adjacent contacts of said second contact path the short-circuit will embrace only one of said component cores.
  • Potential-regulating apparatus comprising a-main transiormer having a regulating winding the tappings 'of which lead to a contact path, a fine-adjustment transformer for the division of the potential betweentwo of said tappings of said 5 main transformer, and means for moving the finei w winding said iron core consisting of a plurality oi enveloping cores each having a middle limb and at least two retnm' paths, said equalizing means 7 'winding consisting of 7 paths of one of said enveloping cores.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)
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US134445A 1936-04-07 1937-04-01 Potential-regulating apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2146914A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201496X 1936-04-07

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US2146914A true US2146914A (en) 1939-02-14

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US (1) US2146914A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH201496A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR820068A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB480217A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL46434C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2421300A (en) * 1944-12-04 1947-05-27 Gen Electric Transformer circuit
US2429864A (en) * 1943-10-16 1947-10-28 Syntron Co Dry feeding machine having means responsive to weight of material already dischargedfrom automatically movable hoppers
US2431023A (en) * 1940-01-26 1947-11-18 Emi Ltd Multiple contact electric switch
US2551943A (en) * 1945-04-19 1951-05-08 John A Gulow Variable tap transformer system
US2677810A (en) * 1950-10-14 1954-05-04 Gen Electric Step voltage regulator
DE1253357B (de) * 1961-03-03 1967-11-02 Ministerul Ind Grele Drosselspule zur Begrenzung der Stromstaerke zwischen den Anzapfkontakten von Stufentransformatoren

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2431023A (en) * 1940-01-26 1947-11-18 Emi Ltd Multiple contact electric switch
US2429864A (en) * 1943-10-16 1947-10-28 Syntron Co Dry feeding machine having means responsive to weight of material already dischargedfrom automatically movable hoppers
US2421300A (en) * 1944-12-04 1947-05-27 Gen Electric Transformer circuit
US2551943A (en) * 1945-04-19 1951-05-08 John A Gulow Variable tap transformer system
US2677810A (en) * 1950-10-14 1954-05-04 Gen Electric Step voltage regulator
DE1253357B (de) * 1961-03-03 1967-11-02 Ministerul Ind Grele Drosselspule zur Begrenzung der Stromstaerke zwischen den Anzapfkontakten von Stufentransformatoren

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NL46434C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR820068A (fr) 1937-11-02
CH201496A (de) 1938-11-30
GB480217A (en) 1938-02-18

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