US2143948A

US2143948A - Fused coating of solid metal fob

Info

Publication number: US2143948A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1939-01-17
Anticipated expiration: 1956-01-17

Description

H. KARL 2,43,948 FUSED COATING OF SOLID METAL FOR WRAPPINGS AND OTHER PURPOSES, INCLUDING DECORATION, ETC

Filed Dec. 14, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 jan. 17,

Jan. I7, i939. H, KARL 2,343,948

, FUSED COATING OF SOLID METAL FOR WRAPPINGS AND OTHER PURPOSES, INCLUDING DECORATION, ETC

1A., 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FledDec.

Patented Jan. 17, 1939#- iimfriso S'IMEsv PATENT OFFICE FUSED COATING F SGLID METAL FOR WRAPPIN GS AND OTHER PURPOSES,

18 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in solid and sticking metal coatings for wrappers or boxes of all sorts of containers that serve for holding 4and preserving all kinds of goods that must be protected from the inuence of air, moisture, etc. l have invented also such solid metal coatings that stick to metal or non-metallic materials, such as paper, cardboard, Cellophane, wood, linoleum, glass, stone, cloth, enamel, china, leather, dry paint, plaster and to all other dry matter or fabrics or materials and it may serve for a decorative purpose, as, for instance, the beautifying of the walls and ceilings of rooms or of houses or for the ornamentation of all kinds of objects, such as, for instance, covers of books, doors, windows, stairs, mugs, vases, bottles and glasses, shields and signs, furniture, mirrors, caskets, etc. and it may serve also for the substantial strengthening of the coating of letters and ornaments painted on glass or enamel, etc. These ornaments or decorative parts which are then covered with said aforesaid solid metal coating may be embossed before or afterward, provided the material upon which the ornaments are made permit the embossing afterward. There may be also shingles, slates or other roofing and wall covering materials covered with a coating of metal for obtaining decorative eects and for making them waterproof.

In another application for patent having the title Sanitary cans and the coating of them with metal with the Serial No. 702,345 that I made jointly with the present one and iiled also on December 14, 1933, the method of forming a solid metal coating in sanitary preserving cans is described and claimed also and there is substantially the same process describedas in the present invention that will be described now in detail and claimed subsequently.

In the accompanying drawings, I

Figure 1 represents a partly rolled up wrapping paper to which the solid coating of metal (by preference tin) is applied thereto and which sticks to it and whereby the other side of said wrapping paper is printed on;

Figure 2 shows an enlarged 'section through the wrapping paper of Figure 1;

Figure 3 shows in perspective view some eatable wrapped in the coated paper that has a label printed on;

Figure 4 shows a few examples of the innumerable motives of ornamental and figura] decorative suggestions that might serve for a room or that might ornate a door, etc., and which can be made in metal in the method described hereinafter and which might also be embossed and cut out so as to give chance for colorful or contrasting backgrounds, etc.;

Figure 5 shows a diagrammatic representation of a machine in which the successive functions are illustrated to which the paper, etc. must undergo until the iinished product is obtained: and

Figure 6 shows the most effective method of spraying on the molten metal by means of a specially constructed hot gas-spraying device.

It is customary to wrap candy, tobacco, tea and othergoods in tin foil ,and to wrap again a paper that Vis printed on or that is not printed on around the tin foil or to paste a label on it.v The tin foil is to prevent the deterioration yof the wrapped goods while the paper is mostly used for labeling the goods. In the present invention both the paper and the tin are united and through it they strengthen each other suiliciently for permitting the tin layer to be comparatively thin, which refers also to any other suitable'metal. Instead of the paper there may be other mate-y rials employed, such as Cellophane and even cloth that might be coated with a suitable other material such as paper pulp, etc., or there may be sheets of metal or of wood employed.

The coating with metal (chieiiy with tin) of these materials is made in the following described manner whereby for simplification in the description only paper is mentioned as the means y for wrapping the goods.

Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, the wrapping paper is indicated by I0 and the tin that sticks to it by I I. The simplest way of making that kind of tinned paper is by coating the one side of a large sheet or of the whole roll I2 as it comes in its largest full size from the mill with a varnish or lacquer I3 which is best applied by a machine with special cylinder (see Figure 5) whereupon the still wet coating must be bronzed similarly as is done in the printing trade. There may be taken any of the usual bronzes, but `for the reduction of the cost it is advisable to use the more economical iron bronze, which is powdered iron. The powdered metal sticks to the wet lacquer, etc. and forms a metallic coating which, however, is not of the desired thickness nor of such density that is necessary for rendering the wrapping or package air and watertight. It' is therefore necessary to add a Asolid metal coating by fusing it with the bronze on the side of the wrapping paper. The bronzed side of the whole sheet must then be iluxed slightly which is best and simplest made by a revolving cylinder that is partly immersed in the iiux andr to# whlchthei r lzronaedy lside 'of the large sheet is i pressed on 'f whereupon= other yrollers or ycylinders even outy f f f =paper It' .is the one that applies the bronze and f it contacts with the powdered metal inthe trough thev iiux on the bronzer!'surfacer 'ot the sheet.

f Anothercylinder whichis partly immersediin the molten metal, ypreferably tin,y applies; the molten v y metal to the bronzed andy theniluxed lsident the gpaper while; it revolves and `whiler the paper travels .along whereby the lmolten metal becomesy cylindrical body that' is coveredwith softcloth fused-with the bronze: on'the paper.. i l i l 'Ihe paper may then be krolled up yor it maybe.

'.;cut into. large sheetsor it may be rcut right'to f the size of the single wrapping paper.; l

yThe,printing of the label or of vany descriptive v =or decorative matterl on thel other. side of ythe sheet can be made; before the coating is applied l f or itmay be kdone afterward; Iflthe metal coattal y ing is to.y be applied for` decorative.r purposes ther lare several.wfysformakingthe coating.; f if; L;

One of; the most practical methods is that to.

y I i 'print the designios :paperin the lithographie or: .other process and to bronze: that. paper; whereby `,only the varnish orlacquer of the :design will takethe powderedmetal. I TSince, the rbronze alone:

will not= suffice to jgive `the eor'rsisteneyA that is J neez'rssary, and the` impression Iof a solid 'sheetr or gy layer ,ofmetaL it isnecessary .tok'ilux the sheets l l l =arldkto apply the.y moltenmetal. thereto,vxrherebyy l it will stick only to the bronzedparts. l'Ihemolten i i metal; maybe blown yon ker" it may beappliedto =`the paperas has rbeeI'reXpIainedin; connection with the Lwrapping paper; Ifzthepaperin between f 'the ,designk is not desired it can'be removedgeasv`ily and-even burned out so :that only themetal-y `@remains and theembossing of the deslgnfcanli take place rightaiter if it is desired;r This meth,i y

= i lcd is= to,y be chosen vwhen lit deals of such decora-y f tions thatimust be nailedor tacked` onorother-'- f f f a rwise afxed to the objects thatare to be ornated i therewith;r If it deals, ihow'even; withr suchr deco-- rations that cannotbe nailed on and which must be painted on or at least applied through decal'- comania whereby the bronze is already on the printed sheet, it is necessary to bronze lrst the so-applied design and to ux it whereuponv the molten metal must be blown on. A device that serves in this respect is illustrated in Figure 6 and consists of the container I5 of the molten metal and the pipe through which acetylene or other burning hot gases are blown and which while rushing past the lowermost aperture of the container I5 entrain the molten metal and vaporize it and spray it against the object to be coated with the metal. The acetylene gas is chosen for its great heat that keeps the metal fluent while it is blown against the object that is to` receive the coating. The paper may be madeA wet on its back so that it will not catch re. The soblown-on metal will stick only to those parts that are bronzed and consequently all the other parts can be cleaned easily from the sprayed-on metal. Objects that are made of materials that could burn must be held furtheraway than those that will not catch fire.

Referring to the details of Figure 5, the paper roll as it comes from the paper mill is indicatedr by I2, the paper strip unrolled from that roll I2 is indicated by l'. This paper I0 is moved along guides and over various cylinders. One of them, indicated by I6, is the cylinder that applies the lacquer or varnish to the underside of the paper e l0' and the cylinder -I'I contacts with the cylinder I6 and is partly immersed inV liquid lacquer or varnish that is contained in the trough I8. The cylinder I9 serves forpressing the paper I0' on -amas-1.a

the cylinder Ii. lThe ivarious "cylinders revolve in meenemen nnen indicated by tneirarrowa U ffm;

Thenext cylinder 29 which is contacted bythe 2|. l The cylinder' 22 mayipress the sheet III'only ,slightly'againstltliecyliruierll.l There isfalsoa X f, vduster 2l employed for removing ythe loosely l khanging-eny bronze.k This duster consists; `oi'e.

flux to the brornzedy side of the paper I6 `and is 10,. l vand it may revolve: quicker than lthe; other cyl-Q f j# inders or in the direction that is inverse tothat a l foi' the'cylinder 2Il.; f There may be several dusting i l f f cylinderslemployed'lhe cylinder 24 m'i'pliesfther f jfl 'f l therefore immersed'in liquid or' semiliquid ilux' f; inthe trough '."I'hecylinder 26 'serves'forf-jj i pressing rthe Paper lIl" against the: cylinderk 24; i l

Cylinders-21 and: 28 serve for eveningoutthe ux so that only :very littleis :left on thebronzed 2e j f -f I paper i'." The cylinder 29 that is `partly im "i cylinder may be 'properly electrically heated which` are then tready for `the printing press in ymersedinthe:xnoltenlmetaliin;thetroughil appliesthat metalinformof :aeoatin'g which lwill; :j f -f then beiused with the bronze onthe paper IIl'-. 1*

2s iin order toke'epthe metaliuent that'stlcks to i QI@ itscylindrical surface. As soonas-themetal hask i cooiededown somewhat and hastherefore settled, f #the paperv can: be'eut atll intoflarge'smeet-s3!y i y; -f:'., Se which Ithe labels will: be printed on the side :that a f i xdoesnotihaveany metal :coatingllt is'obvious l that the wrapping paper canbe employedalso In a somewhat similar manner could be coated those strips or sheets from which will be made the decorative parts that must be nailed or tacked or otherwise amxed to the objects that will be decorated therewith. In this instance, the various ornaments or''gures, etc. must be printed on the paper I0 and in this case it could be the cylinder I6 whose cylindrical surface would have the drawing in elevated form as at so that the varnish or lacquer would be applied only to the elevated parts 45 on that cylindrical surface of the cylinder I6 and the impression upon the papery I0 would show the drawing that is shown in reverse by the elevated parts on the cylindrical surface of the'cylinder I6. The impression on the lsheet l0' or on already cut sheets could as well be performed on the regular printing press, either the lithographie or the type press. If the printing will be performed on the cylinder I6 there should be associated such parts 46 and screws dl that permit the mounting of the aluminum plates cylinder I6 as is done also with the lithographie offset press. In addition there should also be employedthe rollers for molstening the plate and forV the rolling on of the varnish. It will be, however, more simple to use the method as employed in the type presses where no moistening will be necessary. l This is in'so far important because there will no bronze stick to parts of the sheet that are not printed on because there will not be any moisture thereon and since'the operation is fast there is not enough time left for letting the' sheet dry sumciently before the bronze is appliedto it. If the decorative parts have to in such` waythat the side with-the metal coating will be the: outer iside: of: the ywrapping f while the knon-coated sidelof the papermaybeI the inside" .Y

wherebythe label may beembossed on the frostedr side',fthat is,y oncthe metaL. L'Iheremaybelaswell i f l f f =both sides coated with the metalyc'fhereby-r one ysidei may receive a :differentmetal than the other. 4G

' or zinc plates 48 on the cylindrical surface of the be embossed, which in most cases is necessary so that the design will be emphasized or that certain textures will be obtained as, for instance, on imitation shingles or bricks or on ledges, etc., there must be two more cylinders 83, 34 employed that must have the diameter of the cylinder i6 so 'that the embossed parts correspond exactly with the printed-on design. On the cylinder 33 will be mounted the steel sheets or forms that will be so cast or worked on (engraved, etc.) that the design will appear in embossed form on the sheet i t. The cylinder 35 will exert the counterpressure against the 'upper side of the paper lil' and the general design but not in ia finished shape is also contained on a steel sheet that is laid on the cylindrical surface of the cylinder Sil whereby, however, the design is inverse to that of the steel sheet of thecylinder 33, that is to say, that the larger elevations on the steel sheet'on cylinder 33 are made as depressions on the steel sheet of the cylinder 3d while 4larger depressions on the steel sheet of the cylinder 33 are formed as corresponding elevations on the steel sheet on the cylinder 3d so that the impressions simultaneously exerted by both steel sheets create the desired embossing as usually obtained in that art.

It is thus shown that with a machine which is shown in diagram in Figure 5, the finished product is delivered at the one end of that machine. Since the various plates and steel sheets can be replaced by others that have different designs, there may be different subjects printed and covered with metal and if desired also embossed. It is evident that this machine will serve also for making the wrapping paper as referred to before or the paper that serves for boxes, containers, etc. In this case only the plates around the cylinders need to be changed, that is, replaced as well as the steel sheets if Ano embossing is to be done.

The operation of the machine may in the slmplest manner be accomplished through an endless chain 35 that is moved in the same ratio of speed as the paper i0'. Chain 35 is moved through the cog wheel 36 which is driven by a belt 3'! that is driven by the motor 88 or` by any conceivable suitable device that imparts motion. The chain 35 engages teeth that are circumferentially arranged on the one end of the cylinders i6, 20, 2li, 29 and even on the cylinder 40 that serves for printing on labels or other descriptive or illustrative matter. The chain 35 is also laid around the cog wheel di. There may be devices for lifting the paper i0' that is situated above the cylinder 23 in case in which the machine will be stopped and in order to prevent the burning of the paper I0'. Furthermore, there may be knives so arranged on the various cylinders that they will take off the excess amount of materials such as varnish, bronze, flux and molten metal and to thereby even out the amount of these materials so as to apply them evenly to the paper i0'. On decorative work where no paper is wanted at all the same can be burned away after the embossing is done.

It is clear that a number of details have been left away, especially those that belong to the mechanism for operating the machine, but having outlined the function the addition of the missing parts is only of secondary importance and they are left away in order that they do not obscure the diagram of the machine. Galvanizatlon will not be employable to advantage and at a lower cost with the materials aforesaid and consequently it cannot substitute the process set forth above. Y l

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

1. The method of coating dry materials with a layer ofy solid metal that sticks to them, comprising applying a sticky substance to said materials in any of the usual ways and with suitable implements, to the parts of said materials that are to be covered with said layer of solid metal, then bronzing these parts with powdered metal, iluxing the bronzed parts and nally applying metal in molten condition to the bronzed parts by the use of suitable mechanical means, thus fusing said molten metal to the powdered metal in any desirable thickness and formation and after having cooled off constituting said layer of solid metal.

2. The process of applying a layer of solid metal. on a material that serves for enclosing goods that must be protected from the influence of air and moisture; first, by rollingv a sticky substance on said material thereby coating the latter with said substance, secondly, by covering said substance, while vit is still sticky, with a layer of powdered metal so that the latter sticks to said substance, third, by sparingly uxing that layer of powdered metal and fourth by rolling a layer of said first named metal while in molten condition upon the layer .of powdered metal, thus fusing said first namedmetal to said powdered metal layer and leaving those parts on said material free that have not been covered with said sticky substance and the powdered metal.

3. The process of covering wrapping paper with a layer ofsolid tin, by'printing a layer of varnish to the paper, `then powdering the so varnished side of the paperwith powdered metal, then fiuxing the powdered metal on the varnished side of the paper and nally rolling molten tin thereon, thus insuring the necessary evenness and equal distribution of the solid tin over the `whole paper besides the fast operation of these steps.

4. The process oi creating layers of solid metal for decorative purposes whereby no liquids must come in contact with the object to be so decorated, rst, by making a layer of a sticky substance on that part of said object that is to be covered with said metal, then by bronzing that part with powdered metal, and by luxingA said bronzed part and finally by laying molten metal thereto, thus fusing that metal to said powdered metal and after having cooled off constituting said layers of solid metal.

5. The process of decorating dry materials with a layer of solid metal, by painting on said materials with an adhesive substance that is sticky when in wet condition and which is not soluble in water, then by powdering the so painted parts with powdered metal so as to cover the painted-on substance and letting the powdered metal stick to it in form of a layer, then by fiuxing said layer of powdered metal and nally by blowing molten metal upon said fluxed layer of powdered metal, thus fusing said molten metal with the powdered metal and after having cooled down forming thereby said layer of solid metal.

6. The process of covering dry materials with a layer of solid metal, by applying bronzed parts to said dry materials through decalcomania where'- by the parts to be transferred are already bronzed, furthermore by uxing the so transferred bronzed parts and then by applying molten metal to said bronzed parts either by blowing or by rolling it on the transferred bronzed parts if the shape of stance with powdered metal until it covers saidsubstance entirely and thereby forms a layer of powdered metal that sticks to said substance then uxing said powdered metal layer and print-` ing a layer of molten metal upon the"1ayer of powdered metal thus fusing the latter to saidA powdered metal layer and after having cooled oil constituting said layer of solid metal.

8. The process of making decorations in form of solid metal, rst by printing a sticky substance on a paper, whereby parts of said paper are left free from said substance, then by powdering the parts covered with said substance with powdered metal until a layer of powdered metal covers and sticks to said printed on substance, then by fluxing the layer of powdered metal and rolling a layer of molten metal on said powdered and uxed metal thereby fusing it with said layer of powdered metal, and finally by removing the parts of the paper not covered withsaid layer of metal.

9. In a process for making solid metal parts for decoration and other purposes, first, of applying a sticky substance on a paper in form of a suitable decoration, lettering or any other design, then powdering said substance with powdered metal so that it sticks to said substance and thus forms a layer, then fluxing said layer of powdered metal and fusing molten metal to said layer of powl dered metal and finally removing all the paper soas to leave only the foil or layer of the solid metal.

10. A wrapping paper partly consisting of a paper that is unchanged in its appearance from the original finished state, an originally sticky substance evenly distributed on one side of that paper, a layer of powdered, uxed and evenly distributed metal sticking to said'substance and a layer of solid metall fused and sticking to said powdered metal layer.

11. A wrapping consisting of a paper that is unchanged in its evenness from its' original n- Y ished state, having an evenly distributed originally adhesive substance sticking thereto on both sides, a layer of powdered and uxed metal stick, ing toisaid substance on both sides of said paper and evenly distributed layers of lsolid metal fused and sticking t0 said layers of powdered metal.

' 12. A paper, even and unchanged from its original finished state, an evenly distributed originally adhesive substance sticking to saidv paper on both sides thereof, a layer of evenly distributed, powdered and fluxed metal sticking to said substance on both sides of the paper, an evenly distributed layer of solid metal fused to the powdered metal on one of the sides of said paper and another evenly distributed layer of solid metal, different in kind from the rst named solid metal, fused to the powdered and fiuxed metal on the,otherl side of the paper.

13. The method of applying a layer of solid.

metal to smooth or rough'surface metal, by making a layer of a sticky substance (paint etc.,) thereon, then by bronzing that sticky substance,

4then by fluxing the bronzed parts and finally by dusting (bronzing) that substance with powdered metal, fluxing the bronzed parts and applying molten metal to the bronzed and fluxed parts.

15. The method of securing a layer of solid metal on a material with a smooth surface like that of a mirror, glass, enamel, china and without the necessity of roughening or heating that surface, first by applying a sticky substance to said surface, then by powdering that substance with powdered metal, then by fiuxing that powdered metal and finally by applying molten metal to the powdered metal, thus fusing the latter with said molten metal which constitutes the said layer of solid metal after it has cooled olf.

16. Wrapping paper consisting partly of a sheet of paper that is still in its original finished state, said paper covered by a layer of solid metal of any suitable kind, the layer of solid metal fused to a base of fiuxedpowdered metal also of any suitable kind and that powdered metal sticking to an originally adhesive substance that is evenly distributed on said paper and that sticks thereto.

1'7. Wrapping paper consisting of a sheet of paper that is unchanged in its evenness from its original finished state and having a layer of solid metal of any suitable sanitary kind fused to a base of fluxed powdered metal of any suitable kind and that powdered metal sticking to varnish on said paper.

V18. A waterproof material, such as, shingles, wall coverings for houses and other structures, having a core of fibrous material, such as, a sheet of paper or of cardboard, said fibrous may terial covered by a layer of solid metal of any HEINRICH KARL.