US2139566A - Combined typewriting - Google Patents

Description

INVENTOR= .5 Sheets-Sheet 1 b. THIEME Original Filed Dec. 24, 1930 COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Dec. 6, 1938.

Dec. 6, 1938. o. THIEME COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE ori inal Filed Dec. 24, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 |NVENTOR= Dec. 6, 1938. o. THIEME COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Dec. 24, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Dec. 6, 1938.

O. THIEME COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Dec. 24, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVEHTOR Armani;

Dec. 6, 1938. o T |E E 2,139,566

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed Dec. 24, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Dec. 6, 1933 UNITED STATES COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUT- ING MACHmE Otto l'hieme, West Hartford, Conn., assignor, by

ignments, to Underwood Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y., a. corporation of Delaware Continuation of application Serial No. 504,501, December 24, 1930. This application July 12, 1933, .Serial No. 680,036

6 Claims.

It has been the practice since the Goldberg Patent 765,774 (of July 26, 1904), or longer, to rotate a master wheel differently by means of nine digit-keys, and to cause the master wheel to operate accordingly a succession of dial-wheels, and make provision for carrying-over from each dial-Wheel to the one of next higher denomination.

At about the date of said patent, the practice was adopted of connecting two master wheels together, thereby to operate two totalizers by means of one differential mechanism and one set of keys. Thus, at the operation of one key, a number could be added in two columns at once.

In an attempt to increase this advantage, it was sought to introduce a third master wheel with a third totalizer, so that at the operation of key a number could be added in three colname at once. But it was found that the dimoulty which arose from the use of two master wheels, was prohibitively increased when it was attempted to use three. This difiiculty was due to the use of the numerous trains of carry-over mechanism, many or all of which would occasionally operate simultaneously. If a totalizer contained nine dial-wheels with eight trains of carry-over mechanism, it would require the operator to press the key hard enough to operate twenty-four trains of carry-over mechanism at once, eight trains in each of the three totalizers. This was found to be excessive, and the fault developed that the key would not overcome the resistance and become fully depressed, and the machine would therefore make a, mistake. In the intervening years, many'ways have been at tempted to overcome this carry-over difllculty, but none has been found.

This invention does not relate to improvements in carry-over mechanism. It does not attempt to increase the number of master wheels that can be operated by the stroke of a key.

This invention deals with modern complicated accounting, and one feature relates to the provision for vertical addition (one by one) of the amounts typed in a great number of original columns, together with provision for simultaneously adding or subtracting, in the performance of one or more extra computations, any amount that is typed in any original column.

Sometimes it is desired to add in one column, and simultaneously either add or subtract original column, perhaps to cross-subtract in the performance of two or three of the other computationsjand to cross-add in two or three still other computations. Demand for practically unlimited flexibility of operation in an accounting machine has been incessant fora score of years, but the want has not heretofore been satisfied. Accounting of this class has heretofore been done by pen-and-ink methods.

The present invention is a unitary machine which employs a single set of nine digit-keys and a differential mechanism operated thereby, and also a master wheel that is controlled by said differential mechanism. It is fitted to use numerous column-totalizers, which may be operated one after another by said master wheel, to do a small part of the single-page accounting. Said nine keys, together with a zero key, constitute a single complete set of numeral-keys.

This invention presents the valuable novelty of contriving tocause the same single set of keys to automatically set auxiliary indexing pins or devices, for use in a deferred computation or computations.

When a key is depressed to turn the master wheel, a corresponding indexqiin is also set; that is to say, if the master wheel is turned five steps by the key, the same key will operate mechanism to also set an auxiliary 5 pin. These pins are set one after another, as the master wheel progresses along the row of dial-wheels. The key-rotated dial-wheel has the same denomination as the set index-pin, or, in other words, the denominations of the set pins corre! spond to the denominations of the already actuated dial-wheels.

Every set pin remains set throughout the operation by the master wheel of the remaining dialwheels in that column-totalizer At the conclusion of the operation of the single set of ten keys, the whole number is exhibited in said column-totalizer, and is also represented by the set-up auxiliary index-pins.

The master wheel computation having been concluded, the selected auxiliary index-pins still remain set up and ready for subsequent or deferred computation. Then a set of auxiliarydial-wheels is power-operated under the control of those prepared or set-up index-pins, but during this auxiliary computation the master wheel and its dials remain stationary.

There is. illustrated a large number of deferredoperation or auxiliary registers, and index-pins for any or all of them may be selectively set in the described manner, simultaneously with the operation (by the ten keys and the master wheel) of only a single column-totalizer. Thus the same amount that is added in any one original column by the master wheel, may be either added or subtracted in a variety of auxiliary computations, before the selected indexing pins or devices are restored to their normal idle positions.

Opportunity is afforded for a wide selection of pin-indexed registers for the described deferred co-operation with any selected single vertical totalizer; thus affording opportunity for adding in any single original column while selectively entering or distributing the same amount in a great variety of automatically selected auxiliary registers, either additively or subtractively. At the typing of each amount and the entry thereof into any selected column-totalizer, the described distribution or allotment of such amount may proceed in a different automatic selection of deferred computation registers.

The invention has novel capacity for performing not only cross-addition to meet the utmost known demand, but also for effecting the distribution automatically among a large number of auxiliary totalizers the number that is entered by the master wheel in a single vertical totalizer, and also in entirely different automatic distribution of the number that is entered in the succeeding vertical totalizer while typing the same in the next column, and so on, giving a diiierent automatic distribution among many auxiliary totalizers for every vertical totalizer, and a multitude of automatic register-selections for a single line of typing.

While common vertical-adding machines are capable of totalizing many columns, still they are not fit for highly complicated accounting because of their inherent lack of capacity to effect automatically the requisite variety of distributive cross-computations in each line of typing, in

automatically selected groups of registers, especially where a diiIerent group must be automatically selected for every column-totalizer.

It is a desideratum in this art to provide a vast increase in the number of totalizers available for use in the machine, in such a way as to increase the'range of combinations of register-selections. It is desired to increase the degree of all vertical and cross-adding or distributing-results, by the addition of totalizers to a degree far beyond the capacity of any machine heretofore known. In other words, it is desired to effect not merely an addition to the number of totalizers, but to obtain a great increase in the number of automatically combinable totalizer-units, so as to make a vast increase in the number or degree of possible automatic permutations, or to increase the possible number of associations of totalizers available for vertical adding and deferred cross-foot- It is desired, for example, to provide for triple cross-adding. That is, it isdesired, during a single line of typing, (1) to add vertically in two or three totalizers and (2) cross-add the amounts,

to obtain a footing of the cross-adding column,

and (3) to add vertically in two or three other totalizers and (4) cross-add the amounts in a separate cross-adder to obtain a footing of the cross-adding column, and also (5) to add verti-' cally in two or three still other totalizers and to (6) cross-add the amounts in the third crossadder to obtain a footing of 'the cross-adding column, and also to (7) carry everything into another cross-adder, to serve as a grand total register; all register-selections to be made automatically,

The desideratum is to provide a machine which will have novel capacity for an enormous number of automatically effective selective combinations of vertical totalizers and of distributors or crossadders, to enable the performance of cross-additions of amounts that in a single line are typed and added at the same time in the vertical columns. For example, it is desired that several sub-divided accountings should be separately typed side by side upon a single page, and that each account may include the single, double or triple cross-adding of its columns, and that the correctness of the various accountings may finally be verified by printing a proof sign alongside of the amount which represents the grand total of the transactions on the entire page.

I am cognizant of an example of the prior art furnished by the Kurowski Patent 1,710,775, of April 30, 1929, which is manufactured for simple vertical totalizing, by the use'of a single keydriven master wheel. It does not cross-add.

I am also aware of the patent to Wahl, 1,349,024, of August 10, 1920, a common form of adding and typewriting machine having many simple column-totalizers, in which the numeraltype keys operate corresponding trains, and any train is capable of rotating a master wheel accordingly. The operation of the master wheel and the dial places a substantial burden upon the operator's finger, which is already burdened by operating the type.

The totalizers in this Wahl patent, are connected to a paper-carriage, and each totalizer has dials operable seriatim by the master wheel as the carriage steps along. Once in each revolution, the dial operated by the key must also drive the next higher dial, and the latter may at the same time carry-over to a still higher dial, and so on, the key sometimes being put to the task'of driving ten dials at once, with their gears and minor parts.

Also in said Wahl patent are also shown two cross-adders, each having a master wheel to drive it, this being illustrative of the prior art. These extra master wheels have to be rotated by the same type-key which is rotating the main master wheel that drives the dial of the vertical totalizer. In each cross-adder, there is frequent necessity for carrying-over on several dials at once, so that it occasionally happens that at the depression ofone type-key, it must rotate about 30 dials, and operate their respective fittings in addition to driving the type against the paper. There is a preposterous degree of labor thus saddled upon the finger of the operator, and it frequently results in the failure of the type to make any impression upon the paper, so that the digit, which is added in three totalizers, does not appear upon the sheet, thus leading to errors. The fingers of the operator are unduly wearied in overcoming the resistance due to operating three master wheels and three dial-mechanisms at every keystroke. This slowsdown the work and leads to commission of errors.

This peculiarity of the prior art, illustrated by the Wahl machlne, that three master wheels, to-

gether with the carry-overs, must be laboriously operated at the key-stroke, would be prohibitive of the use of even one extra cross-adder. There exists a demand for something to overcome the fault of the Wahl patent and other prior art, which is that undue labor is required in operating three master wheels at the type-key stroke.

I am aware of another attempt having been made to meet the requirements of thedesired accounting machine, by the patent to Poole 1,487,122, of March 18, 1924, which duplicates the same faults and deficiencies of said Wahl patent.

In the prior art as exemplified in said Wahl and Poole machines, there has been no provision for effecting a far larger number of combined vertical and cross-adding computations than i1- lustrated, or for increasing the number of permutations, or for effecting a great increase in capacity and a great increase in versatility. In other words, it is impossible in the prior art, as

exemplified in said Wahl and Poole machines, to

secure a versatility for adaptation for different uses that is far beyond any previous combined typewriting and computing machine, and therefore by said prior art machines the objects of this invention cannot be attained.

Wahls machine has no provision for variable distributive action, whereby, during the progress of a single line of typing, succeeding typed and vertically added amounts may be distributed in a variety of groupings of cross-adders. That is to say, it is not possible in the Wahl machine to type an amount and add it in a vertical totalizer and distribute or enter said amount into a grouping of cross-adders, and then to type another amount in the same line and add it in another vertical totalizer and distribute the same into a different grouping of cross-adders from the first amount. In the Wahl patent, there is not automatic selection of different groupings of cross-adders. In the Wahl machine, it is not possible to perform triple cross-adding, or quadruple or other multiple cross-adding, since in such accounting it is necessary to enter into one or more cross-adders amounts that are successively typed on the same line on the work-sheet and preserve the total thereof in the first crossadder, while adding two more amounts that are typed in said same line and preserving the total thereof in the second cross-adder while typing still two more amounts in said same line of typing, and preserving the total thereof in a third cross-adder; so that said cross-adders will exhibit three cross-totals at once; and said Wahl patent is also ineflicient in performing other important features of: accounting set forth herein.

The rule of some arts, that the number of similar elements may be increased ad libitum, has not been found applicable to such machines as that of Wahl, in which the number of master wheels has not been successfully increased beyond his two highly objectionable cross-adding master wheels and the single vertical-adding master wheel.

It would be utterly impossible to perform upon any of said machines the modern accounting that is depicted at either Figure 5 or Figure 6 forming part of this application, for example. Moreover, no part of either of the accountings shown ,at said Figures 5 and 6 could be performed upon any of said machines, nor upon any other ma chine known in this art. This is for the reason that a part of an accounting problem cannot be. performed upon one machine and retained in said but it must be an indivisible unit, like a steamboat. It is indispensable that a single machine must be itself capable of performing every step of the entire accounting, and must retain in itself the product of every step, while further steps are being computed in the same machine; so when the end of the complicated page is reached, it yields a result consisting of only a single amount, which has been ascertained by the computations effected in numerous vertical totalizers, such amounts being distributed in different ways among auxiliary registers, simultaneously with the respective entries in the vertical totalizer. Automatic accounting, such as depicted at either Figure 5 or Figure 6, for example, has never heretofore been performed, by either machine or pen.

I am aware of the Hart Patent 1,382,286, but said patent does not show how to use, say, twenty column-totalizers for securing the totals of twenty separate columns on a page, as sometimes needed in the performance of the novel accounting disclosed herein. If'much of the mechanism were to be removed from the Hart machine, so that the registers would be employed only for column-totalizing. its capacity would be seven columns only. Hart shows no organization whereby he could add up the column-totals, and also distribute every item in every typed line among different groupings of cross-registers. If his registers are all to be employed. to receive amounts distributively, then the machine could not perform any vertical column-totalizing at all.

According to the present invention, there are provided nine novel Siamese digit-trains. Each of these Siamese digit-trains performs a novel double function. One sub-function of each train is to rotate the master wheel the required number of steps, and the other sub-function of the novel train is to set index-pins each corresponding to the number of steps .through which the master wheel rotates. Each novel Siamese train moves as a unit to accomplish this double function. As many as six or seven corresponding index-pins may be set by any novel Siamese digit-train, while said train operates the master wheel.

The nine novel Siamese digit-trains may be constructed in a variety of ways, and one example is shown in the drawings, which show a novel Siamese' coupler that connects sub-trains in a novel coordination of master-wheel-operating devices and multiple-pin-setting devices. By way of example, one sub-train may have a rod which drives a master-wheel operating cam, and also, by way of example, the other sub-train may include a bar extending transversely of several nests or systems of index-pins, said bar forming part of a linkage, the linkage being operated by a downwardly thrust stem. Said master-wheel actuating rod and said pin-setting stem may be pivoted to a key-actuated coupler to form in each of the novel Siamese digit-trains. But the joining of said elements by means of a coupler is not essential in all cases, inasmuch as the novel Siamese tra n may be otherwise formed within the scope of the invention.

The coupler is illustrated as forming a portion or element of a digit-type key-lever, which both swings the type to the platen and also operates the remaining members of the entire novel master-wheel-operating and pin-setting Siamese train.

The denomination-selection for both the master wheel and the several systems of digit-pins,

is effected by a single step-by-step carriage,

under the control of said digit-keys.

The operation of the master wheel by said novel Siamese train is completed by the operation of the digit-key, but the setting of indexpins of the same value by the same Siamese train is a step which is preparatory to the subsequent running of the same amount into other registers, selected automatically for cross-addition. These cross-adding or distributive registers are idle while the master wheel and vertical totalizer are being operated. The operation of said cross-registers is deferred until after the movements of the key and master-wheel train have ceased.

The master wheel, which is operated by one end of the novel Siamese train, actuates one vertical totalizer of the great number in the machine; while the same Siamese digit-train may pre-set appropriate digit-pins for several crossadders. Thus there is a division, some of the computation being completed at the operation of,

each Siamese digit-train, while the remainder of the computing is deferred until after all the index-pins are set up by the Siamese trains.

The row of vertical totalizers may be divided into a large variety of groups, and any group may compute in combination with one or more of the cross-adders, thus afiording practically unlimited versatility.

In this master-wheel machine, it is rendered feasible to cross-foot most or all of the items that form every line of typing, besides performing the primary vertical adding, and also to perform double cross-adding, triple cross-adding, quadruple and quintuple cross-adding, etc., and to perform a great variety of other accounting. Much of this complex accounting has been regarded by manufacturers as presenting impossibllities, and the field of accounting machines has been limited. v

Several cross-adders, distributors or assorters may be employed for concomitantly performing a great variety of computations, whenever the single master wheel is driving any one of the many column-totalizers. Thus many computative operations may be performed concomitantly with the typing of an amount upon the sheet, and without unduly burdening the keys, since the labor required for operating the cross-adder indexing devices is not appreciable.

The cross-adder indexing mechanism will act reliably for as many as five or a few more registers, when operated by numeral-keys that are throwing the type-bars to the platen and also rotating a master wheel for actuating acolumntotalizer.

One of the automatic features of the invention, is that the vertical totalizers after being individually adjusted to correspond with the locations of the columns on the work-sheet will be brought seriatim by the carriage into the master-wheel zone, and the same carriage will also automatically bring a. succession of correspondingly located dogs into co-operative relation with predetermined sets of denomination-jacks, for enabling the master-wheel-operating type-keys, operating through the aforesaid S amese trains, to set up cross-indexing devices in sucoesive denominations, for the deferred operation of the automatically selected registers. These automatic register-selecting and denomination-selecting dogs may be assigned individually to effect the desired combinations with the vertical totalizers. One dog may combine with one vertical totalizer,

soasto be the means of indexingthe typed amount for deferred computation in one of the cross-adders or registers. An additional dog may secure the indexing of the amount that is added in another vertical totalizer, but for deferred computation in the same cross-adder; the dogs automatically coming into play one after another during the typing in the master-wheel-operating zones, at points determined by the adjustments of the dogs.

There may for example be asmany dogs as there are vertical totalizers, and they may all automatically combine said totalizers with one of the cross-registers to receive all of the amounts that are run into all of the vertical totalizers, thus obtaining a grand total. Other dogs may be automatically associated with another crossregister, for indexing therein the same amounts that are run by the master wheel into certain predetermined vertical totalizers. A third group of dogs may automatically eifect combination between certain other vertical totalizers and a third cross-register, and so on. The traveling carriage is an element in combining the vertical totalizers in the master-wheel zones, with correspondingly positioned dogs, for controlling the denominations and automatically selecting the cross- I registers.

The carriage with selected and positioned dogs may combine or bring into use two or more of the ems-registers simultaneously.

The carriage selects one totalizer at a time from a great range of key-driven totalizers, and cooperates with the dogs to combine with the selected totalizer any one or any number of many power-driven cross-registers.

The invention does not suffer from the necessity that when any amount is being written in a column, the vertical totalizer for that column must be at the computing zone and not elsewhere, inasmuch as the cross-adders do not travel, and inasmuch as any one or more of them may be automatically combined with theactive columntotalizer.

The. machine therefore embodies provision for separately totalizing the numerous columns by means of the several vertical totalizers, by the use of a single master wheel, automatically com- .bined with means for computing the same amounts in any one or more cross-registers, none of which has to be positioned relatively to any master wheel, and none of which has to be brought to the zone being typed.

The machine, besides double cross-footing, triple cross-footing, sub-totaling and grand totaling, may perform other subsidiary accounting, as required.

It will be seen that six or more registers can be in use at once, without calling upon the keys to rotate more than one master wheel. Said wheel operates only the selected column-totalizer, while the other five or more registers are automatically selected and their index-pins set up, and then the motor turns the dials in the five registers, so that at no time is the operator burdened with finger labor, nor is there liability of faulty operation when carrying-over in all the cross-adders or distributing registers simultaneously.

- auidliary indexing devices.

said Siamese train to be pre-set concomitantly with said standard diiferential addlng mechanism; but it is obviously immaterial, broadly considered, whether the key-levers or some other portion of the Siamese mechanism is selected for such purpose of concomitantly pre-setting the Said Siamese trains also (by the use of the carriage-element thereof) are caused by the present invention to select the denominations of the auxiliary indexing devices that are pro-set.

The fingering of the keys is satisfactory, since at the beginning of the key-depression, the master wheel is put in motion, and then the pinsetting device is put in motion. While the indexpin is moving, the master wheel is disconnected from the key, and all of the momentum of the hand is then utilized in completing the key-depression, insuring the completion of the setting of the index-pin, and throwing the type against the platen. The operation of the master wheel, index-pin and type is thus rendered certain and satisfactory.

As one example of automatically combined cross-adding andvertical-adding, the amounts written in the numerous columns may be carried into the vertical totalizers, so that each shows the footing of its own column. To cross-add at every line, the first of three cross-totalizers may be operated once for each column, or say fourteen times in a single line, and at the end it will show the crossfooting. 'Then the vertical totalizers may be disconnected from the keys, and the first cross-footer may be set to subtraction, and the cross-footing may be copied upon the work-sheet from the first cross-footer, returning the same to zero. Then the star-key may be printed at the end of each line.

At the conclusion of the page, the vertical totalizers may be set to subtraction, and the first cross-footer may be disconnected. Then all of the totals may be typed on the work-sheet, so that all of the primaries will show zero; while in a second cross-footer there may be computed at the same time a grand total of the whole page. This second grand total must agree with a grand total that shows in a third cross-footer, into which every one of said items has been entered as it was typed, and then the grand total may be copied on the work-sheet, clearing the secondand third cross-footing registers, and the correctness of the entire page of accounting may be proved by a single star.

Addition may be very readily performed in one totalizer or register while subtraction is being automatically controlled in other registers. All column-totalizers may be set for addition, or all may be set for subtraction, or they may add while the cross-registers subtract.

The cross-footing mechanism may have automatic controls for adding in one column and subtracting in another; while in any column'the cross-footer may either add or subtract, according to manual adjustment. This gives co-operative automatic subtraction for some cross-foot ing with hand-control for other cross-footing.

While each line is being cross-footed, it will be perceived that the numerous vertical columns may be added separately-by the master wheel, while the combined total of any selected group of columns may be calculated by another of the cross-footers, and at the same time the combined total of another selected group of columns may be computed in a third cross-register. At the same time a fourth cross-register may be and if desired a grand total of all the columns can be run into a third. After having typed the sheet, the operator can disconnect the grand totalizer and set the vertical totalizers for subtraction, so that he can type the total ofeach column at its end, and simultaneously clear each primary totalizer, without affecting any of the grand totalizers.

It may happen that some items in a line are to be cross-footed separately from other items in the same line. In this invention one cross-totalizer can be used to cross-foot the amounts typed (and added) in certain columns, and a different cross-totalizer can be used to cross-foot the amounts that are typed (and added) in certain other columns. At the end of each line, one cross-footer will show one cross-total, and the other will show the other cross-total. Both crosstotals may be copied upon the work-sheet. Another cross-adder may be used for computing a grand total of everything on the sheet.

The kind of accounting work depicted at Figure 6, for example, cannot be performed upon the machine of said Wahl patent, or the machine of said Poole patent, or the machine of said Kurowski Patent, or the machine of Hart Patent 1,382,286. Nor can the kind of accounting at Figure 6 be performed upon any two or more of said machines. Part of the accounting cannot be done upon one machine and part upon anotheia.

Prior to the present invention, said kind of accounting was only mental, and was not performable automatically by pen and ink.

It will be perceived that by this invention there are cured two faults of the prior art which are exemplified in said machines. The first of said faults is inherent in machines of the Wahl, Poole, and Kurowski class, the Wahl and Poole machines being inherently incapable of performing cross-addition in the requisite number of totalizers simultaneously, and the Kurowski machine not even attempting to cross-add. The second of said faults is exemplified in machines of the Hart class, which are inherently incapable of adding amounts in many columns seriatim on a work-sheet, and cross-adding such amounts selectivelyin several groupings of registers.

This application is a continuation of my application Serial No. 504,501, filed December 24, 1930.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a perspective front top view of a novel machine embodying many vertical and cross totalizers in one form. There may be employed lessor more than the four cross-totalizers shown, according to the nature of the accounting to be performed.

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation, on a larger scale, to illustrate details of the vertical totalize Figure 4 is a sectional detail, showing a fullstroke device for a cross-indexing mechanism.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic sectional part of the machine, showing a method of perfomiing one kind of work thereon.

Figure 6 shows a method of performing another kind of work upon the machine illustrated at Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a perspective of a novel Siamese digit-train operating a vertical master wheel and set-ting several cross-indexing pins.

Figure 8 is a perspective view showing a single novel computing mechanism in which a masterwheel-operating Siamese train sets up auxiliary indexing devices preparatory to the subsequent operation of a group of auxiliary registers. The pivoted key-operated member 29 is shown with its shoulder 29 operating a universal bar 29 which controls the operation of the carriage feeddogs 39 as the carriage 24 is driven by springbarrel 39' and strap 39, thereby controlling the denominational movements of the carriage 24, 40, and also selecting the denominations of the auxiliary indexing devices 15, controlled by the Siamese digit-train, to correspond with the denominations of the dials 41 being actuated.

There is illustrated at Figure 5 a row of fourteen vertical totalizers, numbered Hi to 23, to travel step by step with the paper-carriage 24 of an Underwood standard typewriter. The machine has numeral-keys '25 and alphabet-keys 26, all of the keys operating levers 21 to vibrate bellcranks 28, which throw type-bars 29 up against the platen 30. The platen carries a work-sheet 3|, Figure 5, and is mounted on a platen-frame 32, that may be shifted up and down upon the letter-feeding carriage 24, by means of a shiftrail 33, for causing different types to print.

The carriage runs upon front and rear tracks 34, 35, and is propelled by a spring-barrel (not shown), and has a rack 36 meshing with a pinion 31 that is connected to an escapement-wheel 38. The latter is controlled by spacing dogs 39 at the operation of said keys, in a known manner.

Said vertical totalizers III to 23 are individually attachable and adjustable along a rack 40, upon a bar 46, fixed upon a truck 4| which travels with the paper-carriage 24. For connecting the truck to the carriage, the latter is provided with a pair of forwardly-extending arms 42, having at their forward ends open slots to fit lugs 43 projecting from the truck 4|. The truck, the totalizers, the indexing mechanism, the master wheel and many other devices are disclosed in my co-pending application 286,218, filed June 18, 1928 (now Patent No. 1,971,544, dated August 28, 1934), and showing one totalizer, said application covering improvements pertaining to the general type of machine illustrated in the one-totalizer patent to Kurowski, No. 1,710,775, of April 30, 1929. The totalizer is locked to the rack by latch 43.

The numeral-keys 25 operate novel Siamese digit-trains, Figure 7. Each Siamese digit-train is made up of sub-trains. In the upper subtrains are included pendent links 44, of which one is provided for each digit-key, and these links pull down cam-plates 45 that form a transverse rowand are adapted to impart variable movements to a master wheel 46. The master wheel is mounted upon the stationary framework of the machine, and is caused by the numeral-type-keys through said novel Siamese digittrains to impart rotative movements to the denominational wheel-trains in the totalizers, one

totalizer at a time. Each denominational wheeltrain may include a gear 41, to mesh directly with the master wheel 46, and also a pinion 46 with a dial 49.

The plates 45 have an assortment of drivecams 56, which swing down to operate pins 5|, which are seen upon a row of vertical arms 52. The arms 52 rise from a transverse horizontal rock-shaft 53, whereby the latter is given diiIerent rocking movements by differing numeralkeys.

These movements of the shaft 55 are transmitted by a crank-arm 54 thereon through a link 55 to a universal sector 56. There is only one sector 56 for all the keys and all the totalizers; and it drives the master wheel 46 through a clutch 51. The master wheel normally stands disconnected. When a numeral-key is depressed, the master wheel is first connected up and then rotated, as set forth in the two-totalizer co-' pending application oi Kurowski, 74,698, filed December 11, 1925 (now Patent No. 1,835,165, dated December 8, 1931) which discloses clutching members and other devices.

Each cam-plate 45 has a downwardly-projecting finger 56 to engage and depress a horizontal universal bar 56 that is mounted upon a rockshaft 66 having arm 6|, which throws up link 62 and rocks an arm 63 of a bell-crank pivoted at 64, and thereby swings bell-crank-arm 65. Upon arm 65 is a pin 66, which operates the normally open clutch 51, to connect the master wheel with the Siamese digit-train.

It is to be perceived that by means of the keys 25 amounts may be typed in all of the vertical columns 61 which fill the work-sheet 3|, and that besides typing these amounts, said keys by means of their Siamese digit-trains will individually operate the master wheel 46 to an extent agreeing with the digit typed upon the sheet. Thus the amounts typed arerun into the primary totalizers ID to 23, digit by digit, the described sub-indexing mechanism 44 to 65 being directly operated by the keys, each of which therefore completely adds a digit at each typing operation.

Each of said novel Siamese digit-trains may simultaneously set from two to five (or even more) cross indexing devices or pins for the same digit that is being run into the single vertical totalizer by the first sub-train and the master wheel. Said pins are set by the second subtrain. After the typing and primary adding of a number, the set indexing devices are run by power means into cross-computing totalizers, so that the operation of many cross-computing totalizers concomitantly with any vertical totalizer may be effected, be the aid of the novel Siamese digit-trains, without ever causing the resistance of the key to the finger-touch to exceed appreciably that which is felt when merely operating a type-bar and the single master wheel.

The multiple sub-trains for the cross-computing totalizers, designated as A, B, C, D and E, are coupled to the vertical sub-trains to form Siamese couplings that each of the digit-keys 25 may operate both the sub-trains. Each key performs three functions, viz., it prints a numeral, adds in a vertical totalizer, and sets up an indexpin for a cross-computer.

Each second sub-train or every Siamese coupling includes a pendent drive-link 16, having at its lower end a finger 1| which is depressed to rock an arm 12 upon a rocbshatt 18, of which there is one for each Siamese train. These rockcoupler-portion 15, but this arrangement is not essential in all cases, nor is the train illustrated at Figure 7 the only form of Siamese digit-train that may be employed, and the key may be otherwise connected to. operate first and second subtrains for the purpose set forth.

These pin-bars are arranged in' a horizontal row across the machine, and may form say flve groups, one group for each of the totalizers or registers A, B, C, D and E. The nine pins 15 on each ar are normally out of reach of the setting bars 14, but the pin-bars 16 for the crosscomputers are advanced seriatim during the letter-feedingv travel of the carriage 24, so that the pins of the advanced bar or bars are brought within range of the depressible cross-bar 14.

The forward setting of the bars 16 for indexing purposes, is effected by the carriage 24, which not only positions the vertical totalizers, but also carries setting dogs 11, 11 11 11, 11 11 each armed with a tooth 18, to lift the forward ends of jacks 19, one after another, as the carriage feeds along. Said jacks 19 are pivoted at 80, and operate thrust-links .1, which operate through a transposition mechanism 82, 83 to push pin-bars 16 forwardly one after another as the tappets 19 are raised, the denomination of the advanced pin-bars 16 being the same as that of the dial '49 which is about to be operated. There is one tappet for each pin-bar of each group. Pin-bar and transposition mechanism is disclosed in the four-totalizer patent to Kupetz,

1,452,162, of April 17, 1923, but not in the specific relation disclosed herein. It will be seen that practically no labor is put upon the key 25 by the cross-indexing mechanism just described,

and that no cross-adding wheel is rotated by the depression of said key, so that the desired crosscomputation may be performed without appreciably adding to the labor of operating the key, which is one of the main objects of the invention.

At the completion of the operation of the novel Siamese digit-train (Figure '7), therefore, the primary dial 49 has been rotated according to the type printed, and the corresponding crossindexing pin 15 has been set, so that the machine is ready for operation of the succeeding Siamese digit-trains. In this manner, the key-typing of the amount in a column proceeds digit by digit, while said amount is being run by the Siamese digit-trains into the vertical totalizer, said Siamese trains also setting up pins 15. in groups of pin-bars, inasmuch as the cross-bar 14 in the second subtrain is capable of setting a pin in every group of pin-bars, at every key-depression. Five or more cross-computations may be performed, five cross-totalizers being included, since the cross-bar 14 can set five or more pins 15 without overburdening the type and masterwheel operating key 25. Q

After the amount is therefore typed in the column and added in the vertical totalizer, a motor 84, which is under the control of a cycling key 85, is operated to cause the cross-bar 86 of a general operator to drive forwardly,-by means of the set pins 15, the racks 16 and the dials of one or more'of' the cross-totalizers A, B, C, D, E, so that the precise amount is carried into each of said cross or subsidiary totalizers which had previously been carried into the vertical totalizer.

The Siamese coupling of a vertically-adding master wheel to subsequently power-operated cross-adders by means of the digit-trains see at Figure 7, is broadly new.

The carry-over mechanism of the cross-totalizers is indicated at 81, 88. The motor-controlling train includes a. stem 89 and a latch 90, which is freed from-a stop 9| in order to permit rotation of general operator 92. The latter includes a driving arm 93, which reciprocates slide 94 carrying cross-bar 86..

After the general operatorv on its forward stroke has advanced said-subsidiary or crossadding dials, it operates the carry-over mechanism upon its return stroke. At the conclusion thereof, a table 95 is automatically lifted, to restore all depressed pins 15, thus bringing the machine into condition for entering an amount into the next work-column.

The Figure 5 machine performs double cross adding. The numbers typed in the first twelve columns on the work-sheet are added separately upon the vertical totalizers ID to 2|. At the same time cross-addition is performed of every line of the numbers that are typed and added in the third, ninth and twelfth columns. This crossadding is performed by running the amounts into cross-totalizer A. Also the numbers which are typed and added in the fifth, seventh, tenth and eleventh columns are cross-added in totalizer B. At the conclusion of each line, therefore, the cross-total which appears in A may be copied in next to the last column on the work-sheet; while the cross-total that appears in B may be copied in the last column on the work-sheet, this operation clearing said cross-totalizers A and B.

When copying these cross-totals in the last two columns, they may be entered in totalizers 22 and 23, respectively, by means of said master wheel 46.

At the conclusion of the typing of the page, the totals of the individual columns will appear in column-totalizers ill to 2!, respectively, while 22 will show the total of all amounts typed in the third, ninth and twelfth columns, while the totalizer 23 will show the total of all amounts typed in the fifth, seventh, tenth and eleventh columns.

According to the foregoing, at every line a certain partial cross-total is entered in 22, and another partial cross-total is entered in 23. These partial cross-totals are also run into'cross-totalizer C, which, at the conclusion of the typing of the sheet, shows the gross total of all of the cross-added amounts.

After finishing the page, the amount that shows in vertical totalizer 22 may be copied into the next to the last column, and at the sametime subtracted out of both 22 and cross-totalizer C.

that cross-totalizers A and B stand at zero. At 75 the conclusion of the copying of the totals in the last column, at the completion of the sheet, a star-key may also be printed in the last column, to indicate that the totalizer C stands at zero, and therefore that the copying has been correctly performed.

The totals of all the amounts entered into the vertical totalizers ID to 2| may be concomitantly run into cross-totalizer D, which, therefore, at

the conclusion of the page, shows a grand total of all the amounts typed thereon. This grand total may then be copied at the bottom of the page, and at the same time subtracted out of D, whereupon the star-key may be printed.

The aforesaid computation is therefore so intricate as to include vertical adding in all of the numerous columns, partial cross-adding of amounts in certain columns, other partial crossadding of amounts in certain other columns, accumulation of cross-added amounts in totalizers 22 and 23, entry of all cross-added amounts in cross-totalizer C, typing of totals of the two kinds of cross-adding in the last two columns on the work-sheet, the proving of the correctness of copying by means of cross-totalizer C, and copying of grand total from cross-totalizer D.

At Figure 5 there are shown five groups of jacks 19, corresponding respectively with the cross-totalizers A, B, C, D and E. The jackgroups have assorted lengths, and the dogs TI are of corresponding lengths, whereby it is provided that certain dogs will operate certain jacks and not others. The shortest dogs TI are capable of operating only the longest jacks 19 the same being associated with the grand totalizer D. The longest dogs operate only the group of shortest jacks 19 which are associated with the first cross-totalizer A. Other dogs, according to their lengths, operate the remaining groups of jacks 19 and 19. The jacks are all adjustable along a rack 96.

In the three-totaiizer machine disclosed in the Hart patent, 1,190,171, of July 4, 1916, there are shown a group of long jacks and a group of short jacks, and a group of intermediate jacks, together with adjustable short, long and medium dogs; and the explanation in said patent of the method of denominationally controlling the three Hart totalizers at the front of the machine, by means of said assorted jacks and assorted dogs at ,the rear of the paper-carriage, will enable the above description of the operation of the. jacks, etc., to be understood. Where it is required that the same dog shall operate two sets of jacks (one set after another) it is armed with two teeth I8 and 18 Means such as shown in said Hart patent may be used for lifting the table automatically at the conclusion of the cycling of the general operator, thereby restoring all of the subsidiary indexing pins I5.

The vertical totallzers are operable subtractively, being for this purpose controlled by keys 91, which operate a rock-shaft 98 having thereon an arm 99 to shift a back-gear I00 into mesh with a companion gear IOI, said rock-shaft 98 also having a pendent arm I02, to shift sector 56 into mesh with back-gear I00. The master wheel 46 may therefore be caused to rotate reversely at the operation of the type-keys 25.

To cause the cross-totalizers to subtract, there is provided a subtraction-setting mechanism, including a key I03, which presses back a rod I to operate a subtraction-setting rock-arm I05, rockshaft I06, slide I01 and rock-arms I", "0,10

cause the indexing mechanism to operate by setting complementary pins, as in said three-totalizer machines set forth in said Hart patent. and in various patents that have been granted for improvements thereon.

The clearing of any vertical totalizer may be eflected by setting the same to subtraction, and then copying upon the work-sheet the number which appears in the totalizer. Any cross totalizer may be cleared independently or together with the vertical totalizer.

If it is desired to clear a cross-totalizer without affecting the master wheel of the primary totalizers, said master wheel may be silenced at the operation of the type-keys. This silencing provision is in the nature of a key-mechanism In the key-driven one-totalizer masterwheel machine shown in said Thieme application, 286,218, this key H0 is shown operating a rockshaft III, having a crank-arm and pin H2, to which is pivoted the upper end of a pendent link H3, which at its bottom has a cam at IN, to press to one side the link 44, whereby slot Iii in the link is withdrawn from pin II upon operating arm I I1, which is fixed to the sub-train coupling portion of the type-key-lever 21. These and other devices taken from co-pending applications are used here illustratively only, and are not made the subject-matter of specific claims herein. The primary :totalizers being therefore silenced by the manipulation of the key III, it is provided that any one or more cross-totalizers may be operated subtractively or otherwise by the use of the digit-keys 25 without causing the novel Siamese digit-trains to affect any primary totalizer.

It being sometimes desired to silence all of the cross-totalizers, without affecting the operation of the primary totalizers by the novel Siamese digit-trains, there is provided a silencing key or lever II8, which operatesa silencing train sub stantially like that shown in said Kupetz Patent No. 1,452,162. A lever, H9, I2. presses back a link HI and causes a bell-crank I 22, I23, to rock an arm I24, and thereby throw out an arm I25 that carries a supporting roll I26, whose normal function is to hold up any dog 11 that may be passing through the zone. There are an arm I25 and roll I 26 for every subsidiary totalizer, and they are operated simultaneously. It will thus-be seen that, if need arises, any of the vertical totalizers may be operated by the novel trains for addition or subtraction, at the' depression of the digit-typing keys 2!, while no computation is eifected by the novel Siamese digit-trains in any cross-totalizei'. The disabling arm I25 is held out of use by a latch I21, and this may be released by means of a connection to the general operator, including arm I28, sector I29 and pinion Ill, meshing with general operator rack 9|.

Sector I29 is mounted on a shaft I, having 7 The cross-totalizer mechanism may also be provided with error-key I", to cause the operation at will of platforms 0' that restore set index-pins ll; these tables II being also operable by the general operator at the conclusion of its cycling.

In the-event of a digit-key being struck and its type printed erroneously, whereby the novel Siamese digit-train is caused to carry said erroneous digit into the vertical totalizer and to set up corresponding pins for the cross-totalizers, the operator may take the following steps: first, the cycling key 85 may be operated to carry the erroneous digit into the cross-totalizers. Then the erroneous number may be erased from the work-sheet. Then a non-print device I36 may be put into position, and both the vertical and cross indexing mechanism may be set for subtraction. The erroneously struck digit-key may then be depressed a second time, and its amount may be duly run out of the vertical and cross totalizers. Then the operator may remove the non-print device I36 from working position, and strike the correct digit-key, which may be duly run into the various totalizers by a Siamese digit-train and the cycling mechanism in the manner already explained.

truck 4I and the rack or truck 96 is provided T to adjust either truck H or 96 independently of the other. This secures accurate positioning of the denominational wheel-trains relatively to the master wheel 46, and also accurate positioning of the dog-teeth I8 relatively to the jacks I9. Both adjustments are properly made with reference to the printing point of the typewriter, which is indicated at 29 in Figure l.

The adjustment of the truck 4| is provided for by means of an eccentric screw I31, upon which the square projecting washers 43 are mounted; the eccentricity permitting the washers to be moved to the right or left sufficiently to correct any lateral misadjustment of the truck 4| relatively to master wheel 46; and the dogcarrier rack 95 is also adjustable endwise, having a tip I38 threaded through the end of an arm I39, provided upon carriage 24. Nuts I40 may be manipulated for adjusting the rack 96 endwise, and for securing the same. The opposite end of the rack is flattened at I to fit in a narrow hole in the opposite end I42 of the carriage. This permits endwise adjustment of the rack 95, to cause the teeth 18 to complete the lifting of the jacks just as the carriage is arrested by the dogs 39. Thus accurate co-operative working is secured of the subsidiary or cross totalizers and the primary or vertical totallzers'at each step of the common carriage.

Each key-lever?! is provided with three pins, one of them I43 being used for driving the typebar 29, and being fixed upon a mount I44, which is pivoted at I45 to the key-lever, so that the mount and pin may be adjusted by independent manipulation of screws I46, threaded into the mount and bearing upon the lower edge of the key-lever. Thus it is provided that the type is brought to the printing point promptly after the conclusion of the operation-of the novel Siamese digit-train whose sub-trains are coupled by the key-lever, the sub-trains ramlfying up and down from said key-lever.

The master-wheel-operating pin H5 is flxed upon mount 1, pivoted at I41 to the couplingportion I5 of the key-lever and similarly adjustable.

The subsidiary indexing is effected by a pin I48 upon mount I49 provided upon the couplingportion I5 of the lever 21, this mount being similarly adjustable by screws.

Thus each digit sub-train is adjustable relatively to its companion sub-train, whereby the master-wheel operation and also the subsidiary pin-indexing operation are timed with accuracy with reference to each. other, and proper timing is also effected with reference to the impression of the type upon the work-sheet.

The foregoing construction tends to avoid errors of computation through faulty manipulation of the digit-type-key 25. This key is somewhat harder to operate than alphabet-key 26, because by means of its Siamese train it has to set in motion the master wheel, as well as the digit sub-train and the indexing device operated thereby, plus the denomination-wheel train 41. The operation of the master wheel, however, is completed before the type strikes the paper, and before the key 25 concludes its printing stroke; the pin 5|, at the concluding operation of the key-stroke, occupying a dwell I50. at the end of the slot 50, so that the last portion of the down stroke of the key and Siamese digit-train is idle, so far as the master wheel is concerned.

At this concluding stage, therefore, the Siamese digit-train has no work to do in connection with the vertical totalizer, and this is the time when the stem II of the digit-train is engaged in operating the arm I2, which, however, is easily operated, and does not appreciably load the key 25. In fact, the hand of the operator, as well as the key and type-bar and other parts of the mechanism, are at this moment in motion, and the 1908, which assures a complete down-stroke of the key, and then assures a complete up-stroke I of the key, before another key can be manipulated; inasmuch as any depresed key 25 prevents the operation of other keys by means of a key-lock train I 5| such as shown for example in the one-totalizer patent to Hanson, No. 1,278,812, of September 10, 1918.

In place of the device seen in said Hanson patent, there may be employed, if desired, a

pendent link I52 having opponte teeth I 53, I54

to co-operate with a full-stroke spring-pawl I55. In this type of full-stroke device, the indexing stem I52 is formed with a succession of beads, which project forwardly from the stem at points about midway of its height, so as to serve roughly as teeth I53, I54, over which spring-pawl I55 rides idly, whether the stem I52 is ascending or unless it has completed its up stroke. Both these results are accomplished by the tooth of the pawl catching in a diagonal notch or slot I formed between the aforesaid teeth I53, I54 that project from opposite sides of the stem or link. Premature attempts to move the stem either up or down will result in the pawl-tooth catching in the notch I55", thus making it necessary for the operator to complete the original stroke of the stem, in order to free the pawl. Each stem at its bottom co-operates with a row of tumblers I5I to lock all of the numeral-keys.

The supplemental key-locking mechanism I53, etc., may be provided because when the digittrains are disconnected from the master wheel, the main key-locking mechanism is also disconnected; but the supplemental key-locking mechanism would operate. This supplemental key-locking mechanism is also hooked up for other locking devices, as, for example, when a key is depressed, the automatic motor-trip cannot operate until the key is fully returned.

When one numeral-key is depressed, the supplemental key-locking mechanism becomes effective to prevent a second numeral-key from being fully depressed; but the second key can be depressed about one-eighth of an inch, or sufiicient to start the rotation of the master wheel, thus making the main full-stroke mechanism necessary in order not to jam the machine. For the master-wheel indexing means, there may be employed a ratchet I on plate or sector 45, to mesh with a ratchet-blade I6I, to insure full-stroke of the sector 45 in each denomination; and this fullstroke device may be disconnected from the keys 25 through the disconnection of the links 44 of the digit-trains.

The carriage may be controlled by tabulating mechanism, including keys I65, which operate selectively denomination-stops I66, by raising them into the path of column-stopsI61 mounted upon carriage-rack I68.

Certain of the column-stops may carry tappets I69, to operate trains I10, I1I, I12, toset the machine to subtraction automatically as the carriage enters the particular computing zone, which is determined by said column-stop I61.

One or more of the column-stops I61 may also be provided with a tappet I15, for operating a train I16, I11, to cause automatic operation of motor 84 to drive the general operator 93, 94, 86 at the egress of the carriage from that computing zone which is determined by the specified columnstop I51.

The type-bar 29, as shown, is provided with upper and lower types, and the platen is made shiftable up and down by means of rail 33 and arm I on rock-shaft I8I, the arm I80 being operated by bell-crank-lever I82 provided with a shift-key I83. When the platen 32 is shifted up, an arm I84, extending back from rock-shaft It, operates upon a cam I85, to swing a rockshaft I86, together with its arm I25 and roll I26, the latter being swung backwardly to idle position, permitting the indexing dog-carrier 11 to drop, so that the pin-setting devices are silenced when an upper-case type is being printed.

At the same time, this shift-key I88 may disconnect the master wheel operating sub-trains from the digit-keys 25, as for example by means of a link I81 disclosed in my co-pending onetotalizer application, No. 286,218, filed June 18, 1928; said link being connected at its upper end to a bell-crank I", to pull the same down, so that a cam I89 that is formed upon said bellcrank will cam endwise a slide I90, the latter having slots to form a comb for guiding the sub-train The carriage may be returned by power,v

through the key-mechanism I9I.

As another example, all of the numbers that are typed in each column may be added in its individual vertical totalizer, and at the same time cross-adding may be done in say the right-hand cross-adder E. There may be run into the next cross-adder D all of the amounts that are typed in all of the columns, so that at the conclusion of typing the sheet, the grand total will show at D; while each vertical totalizer will show the total of its own column. Then the vertical totalizers may be set to subtraction, and the totals shown therein may be typed at the bottoms of their respective columns, and at the same time each total may be cross-accumulated in totalizer C. Accordingly at the end of this operation the vertical totalizers will all show zero, and each of C and D will show the same amount as the other, since, while subtracting these amounts from the vertical totalizers, they are being added into totalizer C. Therefore at the end of the operation, each of the two registers C and D shows the same grand total. The cross-adding mechanism may now be set for subtraction, and this grand total may be copied onto the work-sheet, and then the star may be printed, thereby proving accuracy throughout. The cross-totalizers C, D, E may all be disconnected during the copying of the totals from the vertical totalizers into totalizer B. Both totalizers B and D are in operation during the final copying of the grand total, and both become restored to zero, and star-signs may be printed.

At Figure 6 a still more intricate computation may be readily performed by means of a form of this invention, that is illustrated at Figure 5. upon the novel machine. This employs all five 0f the cross-footing totalizers A, B, C, D and E, as well as fourteen totalizers in which the master-member 46 adds vertically; and each vertical totalizer may have nine dials. The disposition of the vertical totalizers must agree with the location of the respective amount columns on worksheet I92. Proof of accuracy is secured in connection with cross-adding, and also in connection with vertical addition. The totalizers I 0-23 show the totals of amounts entered in the fourteen amount-columns on the form. Upon the main work-sheet I92, is placed an individual in vestment ledger-card I93, which is posted simultaneously witi a portion of the work done upon the main sheet I 92.

First. As the first operation in each line of typing, the old balance ofthe particular investment ledger-card that is affected, is typed in the Old balance column at the left-hand edge of the work-sheet I92. This amount is duly added, for cross-footing, in cross-adder A. The crossfooting operations are indicated by letters and signs under the bottom of the sheet I92.

This

amount is also vertically accumulated in totalizer tioned Par value, but it does not enter into any computation.

Fourth. Debits or credits, depending upon the transaction involved, are entered in either one or the other of the next two columns, the first headed Debit, and the second Credit. debits and'credits are entered in cross-footing totalizers A, B and E. At the same time corresponding entries are made in vertical totalizers II and I2. It may be observed that after all cross-footing is completed for each line of writing, the respective amounts remain accumulated in the vertical totalizers, each of which may hence constantly show the total of the entries in its own column. The last line at bottom of Figure 6 indicates accumulations in the vertical totalizers.

Fifth. The new balance of the individual investment ledger-card I93 is indicated by crossfooter A, and .when this amount is copied therefrom correctly in the New balance column, said cross-footer A is cleared, and a star or sign is printed by means of key I34, proving correctness control is then ascertained and typed in the column marked Old balance under the caption "Investment control," and is run into the crossadders B and E. It is also accumulated in ver tical totalizer I4.

Seventh. At this point, the cross-totalizer B indicates the new balance of the Investment control, and this is typed in the next column, and thereby cross-footer B is cleared, and a. proofsign is printed. This new balance is simultaneously entered as a subtraction in cross-totalizer D. It is also accumulated in vertical totalizer I5.

Eighth. Either a credit or a debit affecting the Corpus may be entered in one column, which is captioned Cr. or Dr. The credit or debit is entered at each line of typing in cross-footer C, and also in cross-footer E; the debit being added, or the credit being subtracted. At the same time each debit is added or each credit is subtracted in vertical totalizer I5.

Ninth. The old balance under Corpus is.

typed in theld balance column, and subtracted out of cross-totalizers C and E. It is also accumulated in vertical totalizer I1.

Tenth. The new balance is then copied in the indicated column under Corpus, this amount being copied from cross-footer C, which thereby becomes cleared, permitting a proof-sign to be printed. Theamount of the new balance is simultaneously added in cross-footer D, and is accumulated in vertical totalizer I8.

Eleventh. As a result of the seventh and tenth operations, the balance of the principal cash has been mechanically computed, and is exhibited in cross-footer D. The amount is copied from D .into the column headed Principal cash, and at Both the amount of income may be entered in the column Cr. or Dr. under the caption Income. This amount will be run into totalizer E, being either added or subtracted as required. It is also added or subtracted in vertical totalizer Fourteenth. The old balance may be then typed in the next column, and added in totalizer E, which will then show the new balance. At the same time this amount is accumulated in vertical totalizer 22. Fifteenth. The same old balance may then be subtracted from totalizer E by copying it into the Old balance column, whereupon the. proof-sign may be printed. This amount is also accumulated in vertical totalizer 23.

The foregoing operations take place at the typing of every line.

Thus in typing each line, it will be seen that in A the new balance of the individual investment ledger-card is cross-footed. In B the new balance of the investment control is computed. In C the new balance of the corpus is added to the new balance in income cash. The balance of the principal cash is computed in D. The crossfooter E insures mechanical proof of accuracy of computation in each line.

It has been seen that in every line the amouns are duly entered by the master wheel or other master member 46 in the appropriate vertical totalizers, of which one is assigned for each column in which there is to be vertical accumulation. When the work seen at Figure v6 is being performed upon the machine seen on a smaller scale at Figure 5, the totalizers It to 23 must be located in the same zones as their respective columns which appear upon the work-sheet I92.

At the conclusion of the typing and crossfocfing, as aforesaid, of the items upon a page, the cross-totalizers A to E will'all show zero; but the totalizers II! to 23 will each show the footing of its assigned column. These vertical footings may be used in accomplishing a variety of purposes. One purpose, for illustration, may be in the nature of proving accuracy. The operator is moreover enabled to copy the vertical totals at the ends of the columns. These vertical totals may be used in various ways, in connection with the method of accounting prevailing in any establishment. I

There are numbered in the bottom line at Figure 6 the primary totalizers, in which all of the amounts entered in their respective columns are added vertically.

Primary totalizer I0, therefore, shows the total of the old balances appearing in the first column. Primary totalizer I I shows the total of the corresponding debits, and to alizer I2 shows a total of the corresponding credits; while totalizer I3 shows the total of all the corresponding new balances in the columns in which these numbers appear in said last line on Figure 6.

- The operator now copies upon the work-sheet ihe total of old balances that is shown by totalizer I0, subtracting it from said totalizer, and at the same time adds it in cross-totalizer A.

The operator then copies at the bottom of the next debit column, the total which appears in totalizer II, subtracting it from the latter, and at the same time adds said amount in totalizer A. Incidentally, the same 'amount is also stored in each of cross-totalizers B and E, for purposes which will be later explained in connection with subsequent computations.

Primary totalizer I2 shows the total of the adjacent Credit column, and this total is copied at the foot of said column, and at the same time is subtracted out of i2, and also subtracted out of totalizer A. For future use, it is also incidentally subtracted out of each of totalizers B and E, and this will presently be explained. Cross-totalizer A now should exhibit the same amount as is exhibited in vertical totalizer [3. This amount may then be copied at the foot of the first New balance column, thus clearing totalizers l3 and A, and enabling the proof-sign to be printed.

The next two totalizers H and I have been used respectively for vertically adding the old balances and the new balances under the caption Investment control, so that it will be understood that M shows the total of the old balances, and I5 shows the total of the new balances. Fromtotalizer H the total is copied at the foot of the "Old balance column, and atthe same time it is subtracted out of i4 and also added into cross-totalizer B. At the same time it is incidentally added into cross-totalizer E, to take part in a subsequent operation.

The total of the new balances under Investment control is seen in totalizer l5, and this total should agree with the total that is now seen in cross totalizer B. This total may now be typed at the foot of this New balance" column, and at the same time subtracted out of totalizers l5 and B, clearing both of them, and permitting the printing of the accuracy or proof sign.

Proceeding now to the three columns grouped under the heading Corpus, the vertical totals of which appear in totalizersv l6, l1 and i8, respectively, the operator may proceed to copy at the foot of the first column the total from l6, at the same time subtracting it out of totalizer l8 and adding it in totalizer C. It is also at this time incidentally added in totalizer E for future use. The operator then copies the total appearing in I! at the bottom of this Old balance column, and at the same time subtracts the amount out of II and out of C, and also out of E. The amount, which is-thus made to appear in totalizer 0, should equal the total which appears in 18. This "amount may then be typed at the bottom of this New balance? column, and at the same time subtracted out of i8 and C,- permitting the proof-sign to be printed.

The next totalizer l9 shows the total of all the items of Principal cash. This total is now to be copied upon the work-sheet, and subtracted from l9. It is also subtracted from cross-totalizer D, thereby clearing the same. It will be recalled that the total copied from vertical totalizer l5 has been subtracted from D, while the total shown by totalizer I 8 has been added to D, thereby computing the difierence between the totals of these two New balance columns. This difference should equal the total of the Principal cash column; and said total can be subtracted out of i9 and also out of D, bringing the latter to zero, and permitting the proof-sign to be printed.

Primary. totalizer 20 shows the total of the items which are entered in the column captioned Proof,f which proof items have been made up by cross-footing in each line the items appearing in several previous columns, as above explained. The total of this Proof column should appear in totalizer 20 equal .to the total in the Principal cashcolumn, which it will be recalled was obtained by other methods. The total of the items in the Proof column may be copied at the bottom of the column, and at the same time subtracted from 20 and from crosstotalizer E,.permitting the printing of the proofsign.

The footings of the last three columns on the work-sheet are shown in totalizers 2|, 2Z and 23, respectively.

The footing is copied and subtracted from totalizer 2i, and at the same time it may be entered in any cross-footing totalizer, as for example E.

The footing is then copied from 22 onto the work-sheet, and also entered into the same totalizer E, which should then show the same total that is shown by totalizer 23, from which it may be subtracted, and at the same time subtracting it from E, and bringing the latter to zero, thus permitting the printing of the proofsign.

It may be observed, in review, that if any error in anyway creeps into the computing in the various columns, such error is bound to result in a discrepancy showing between the subsidiary registers D and E. This is because (at the operation of entering the footings and proving the computations), items are entered into D from three columns, while items are entered into E from six other columns.

The invention is obviously not limited to any one of the usual ways in which shifting of any totalizer to subtraction is performed.

From this description of the operation at Figure 6, it will be perceived that one of the aims of the invention when used for some classes of work. is in the direction of preventing an undetected error from being made in any computation on the completed work-sheet, whether such error arises from mistakes of the operator or from faulty operation of the computing mechanism.

It will be understood that the machine is hybrid because it embodies a master-wheel mechanism which effects complete computation at the operation of the type-key, and also embodies an incongruous element in the form of deferred-operation computing mechanism, in which indexing devices are set at the key-operations, but computation is not controlled thereby simultaneously with the master-wheel computation but is deferred. The mere setting of .an index-device at the key-operation, is incongruous with effecting a complete computation simultaneously by the same key. The incongruous elements are coordinated digitally by means of the hybrid Siamese trains and denominationally by means of the hybrid carriage, which presents the denominational gear-trains one by one to the masterwheel for complete computation, while coordinating with that operation the denominational selection of deferred-operation indexing devices. Hence at the depression of a key not only is a complete computation effected but an indexdevice is also coordinately set up for deferred computation of the same number.

It will thus be seen that by the novel combined typewriting and hybrid accounting machine, there may be eflected at the typing operation (1) a complete computation by means of the master-wheel, or (2) an amount may be indexed for deferred computation thereof, or (3). an amount may be completely computed and incongruously the same amount may be simultaneously indexed, for the purpose of effecting deferred computation thereof; that the machine has a. hybrid carriage in bat it presents the master-wheel to the totalizer-s successively, and to the dial-wheels in each totalizer denominationally or seriatim, for complete computation, and also coordinatively therewith automatically makes selection of any number of cross-registers up to five or more, and also controls the denominational presentation of index-pins to digitsetting devices for the incongruous operation of the selected register-indexing mechanisms by the keys; that the machine has as a main element a master-wheel mechanism, Siamese trains that extend from the keys, whereby master-wheel computation is' completed directly at the key-operation; that vertical totalizers may be shifted or moved into and out of position for operation seriatim by the masterwheel that the machine also includes as the element that is incongruous with said master-wheel mechanism, a group of deferred-operation crossadding registers, the same being incongruous because they are merely indexed at the key-operations, while the master-wheel effects a complete computation, one digit at a time; and being further incongruous because the entire amount (of many digits) is run at one operation into the cross-adding registers, while the dials of the vertical totalizers remain stationary; that the direct-operation master-wheel mechanism is supplemented by the deferred-operation cross-adding register-mechanism, being coordinated therewith (1) digitally by the Siamese trains and (2) denominationally by the hybrid carriage, which automatically selects different groupings of registers to combine with different individual column-totalizers;' that settable means are provided for bringing any cross-adding register automatically into indexable control by the Siamese trains and hybrid carriage; that any cross-adding register may be operated independently of the others, and may also be operated independently of the vertical totalizers; and that the indexing is effected selectively by the co-operation of the hybrid Siamese trains and hybrid carriage for the deferred-operation registers, either independently of the vertical totalizers or during the direct complete computation of an amount by said trains and carriage in any selected vertical totalizer.

I am aware of the well-known standard Underwood bookkeeping machine which is shown for example in the Hart Patent 1,382,286. In this class of machine, there are key-operated trains, which operate indexing devices for all totalizers at once. The trains have to be light, in order to operate easily, and they are therefore weak, so thatany attempt to increase the number of totalizers beyond those shown in the Hart patent would result in these key-trains being found to be too weak and to fail to operate accurately. The experience of a score of years of manufacture has established seven as being the limit of totalizers that can be successfully controlled by the keytrains of said Underwood bookkeeping machine, since each key-train must be long enough to spread across all seven of the totalizer-mechanisms. However, in the face of this limitation, it has been sought to increase the capacity of the Underwood machine by splitting each totalizer into two separate totalizers, without increasing the dimensions of the machine, and without 2.1--

tering the key-mechanism. Each split totalizer, however, has only half of the original capacity. Upon the advent of the present invention, the production of split totalizers'was abandoned.

The Underwood class of machine illustrated in the Hart patent cannot satisfy the demand for a controlled by the machine having a great number of totalizers. Still less can it meet the demand for a machine either capable .of numberless combinations of numerous selective groups of vertical totalizers with a large number of cross-adders, one for each of said vertical groups, or even capable of combining a few cross-adders with a great number of vertical totalizers, or of co-operatively associating either a large number or a moderate number of vertical totalizers with a large number of cross-adders. The Underwood seventotalizer machine is physically limited to double cross-addition, with the necessary vertical addition of the same amounts.

The seven-register Underwood machine is of course wholly incapable of the requisite performance. While every register in a seven-register machine is inherently capable of cross-adding, still it is a practical consideration that where all (or all but one) of the seven must be devoted to vertical addition, the machine becomes hopelessly crippled for simultaneously cross-adding in four places. The problem faced and heretofore unsolved by experts was just this, that to use the registers for vertical addition led to crippling the machine for the performance of the desired double and triple cross-adding simultaneously with the vertical addition.

, I am aware of the KBurg Patent 1,370,022, of March 1, 1921, showing a standard Underwood bookkeeping machine adapted for a centralized system of bookkeeping, which brings together on one work-sheet the accounts of several different insurance companies; but no cross-adding is sought to be performed.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A combined typewriter and computing machine comprising a set of numeral type bars, a single set of numeral keys associated with said type bars, a plurality of key-operated vertical totalizers of the master-wheel actuated type, a plurality of cross totalizers of the index pin type, means for selectively associating any of said keyoperated vertical totalizers with any of said cross totalizers, and means controlled by any selected numeral key for operating its associated type bar and running up the numeral in any selected vertical totalizer and simultaneously setting the indexing mechanism of any selected cross totalizer.

2. A combined typewriter and computing machine comprising a set of nine digit type keys, a key-operable master wheel, a plurality of vertical totalizers operable by the master wheel, a plurality of cross totalizers having key-settable index-pin mechanism, carriage mechanism for selectively associating any of said key-operated vertical totalizers with the master wheel and concomitantly selecting any one or more of said cross totalizers for indexing, and devices enabling every key to control digitally both the master wheel and the index-pin mechanism.

3. In a computing machine, complete columnadding main mechanism of the master-wheel class, a cross-adding mechanism of the index-pin class, a single set of numeral keys, and means operatively connecting each of said keys with the column-adding mechanism and with the crossadding mechanism, whereby upon the depression .of any key, said index-pin devices are set simultaneously with the column-adding operation of said main mechanism.

4. In an accounting machine, a carriage, a single set of numeral keys controlling said carriage, a plurality of vertical totalizers of the master-wheel-actuated type, means operatively connecting each of said keys to the master wheel, whereby the latter is operated during only a primary portion of the down-stroke of a selected key, a plurality of cross totalizers of the index-pin type, means operatively connected to each of said keys for setting the index pins of said cross totalizers during only the last portion of the down-stroke of said selected key, while said master wheel remains stationary, type bars operable by said keys throughout their strokes, and each effective to print at the conclusion of said index-pin setting operation, and means for cycling said cross totalizers.

5. In an accounting machine, a letter-feeding carriage, a single set of ten digit-type-operating keys, a plurality of vertical totalizers of the master-wheel-actuated type for various zones on a worksheet, a plurality of cross registers, indexing mechanisms therefor, means connected to said keys for operating the master wheel of said vertical totalizers during the typing operation, a second means connected to said keys for operating the indexing mechanisms of said cross registers and coordinating the same with said vertical totalizers, adjustable selecting means on said carriage to enable any one or more of said cross register indexing mechanisms to be brought selectively into use and indexed, whereby cross-footing may be performed line by line in the cross registers of the amounts already entered seriatim in the vertical totalizers, and separate means for cycling said cross registers under the control of said indexing'mechanisms while the keys remain stationary.

6. In an accounting machine, a plurality of column totalizers, a plurality of systems of settable index pins, a single set of ten digit-type keys, nine digit-trains driven by said keys and including means to set said pins, a carriage controlled by said keys, means on said carriage for automatically coordinating various groupings .01 systems of index pins with each successive column totalizer, means to cooperate with said carriage and said digit-trains to set selectively index pins of corresponding denominations in said systems, a master wheel also operated by any of said digit trains coordinatively with the setting of index pins by that train, each column totalizer having denominational wheels cooperative seriatim with said master wheel, means on the carriage to present selectively to the master wheel a totalizer kheel of a denomination automatically coordinated to the selected index pins by said carriage, a plurality of cross registers associated with said systems of index pins, and means for cycling said registers according to the settings of said index pins.

O'I'IO THIEME.

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