US2134951A - Time delay relay - Google Patents

Time delay relay Download PDF

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Publication number
US2134951A
US2134951A US13684A US1368435A US2134951A US 2134951 A US2134951 A US 2134951A US 13684 A US13684 A US 13684A US 1368435 A US1368435 A US 1368435A US 2134951 A US2134951 A US 2134951A
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United States
Prior art keywords
armature
relay
magnetic
core
yoke
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Expired - Lifetime
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US13684A
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English (en)
Inventor
Piesker Bruno
Goy Wilhelm
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PRAZISIONS WERKSTATTEN SEEGER
Prazisions-Werkstatten Seeger & Co GmbH
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PRAZISIONS WERKSTATTEN SEEGER
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2236—Polarised relays comprising pivotable armature, pivoting at extremity or bending point of armature

Definitions

  • the heating devices had the disadvantage of taking aconsiderable time after the completion of the electrical con nection before they started to operate at all because they had to be heated up to a definite high operating temperature.
  • the time delay between the connection of the operating current and that of the controlled current varied considerably with variations of the temperature of the surroundings and of the linevoltage.
  • the second and third systems have been partly successful in delaying the release of the relay armature by up to ol a second after interrupting the actuating current.
  • relays of this type have been rather unreliable and after a relatively short operation the armature frequently stuck to the stop screws, pins or surfaces used to limit movement of the armature. This was known to be due to the oxidation and corrosion of the stop pins or surfaces under the influence of the atmospheric oxygen.
  • the stops or intermediate layers,- usually made of copper, interposed between the armature and the pole shoe determined the air gap and could not be reduced below a certain value because theseold protective layers of copper or the like were used up so quickly that the relays stuck after a relatively short operating time.
  • the air gap was increased by providing a thicker intermediate layer of copper or extending the length of the stop pin, this increased the distance between the pole shoe and the armature and thereby sped up the release of the armature.
  • the invention also contemplates a time delay relay which is adapted to be used to produce flashing light and danger signals.
  • Fig. 1 is a front elevational view, partly in section, of a time delay relay embodying our inven-' tion, with the copper tube covering the relay winding partly broken away for the purposes of clarity;
  • Fig. 2 depicts a side elevational view of Fig; 1;
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a side elevational view of the yoke of the relay shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a modified form of yoke used in connection with our improved time delay relay
  • Fig. 5 shows a somewhat fragmentary view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the time delay effect and the reliability of the relay can be increased by providing at the points where the armature is striking against the pole piece or the yoke an intermediate layer of very small thickness said layer consisting of a non-magnetic, non-oxidizable or at least difiicultly oxidizable solid material.
  • This layer is preferably provided in the form of a coating or plating either on the armature or on the pole shoe or yoke or on all of them. It is also possible to provide the intermediate layer in the form of a separate and independent strip or plate of metal or other suitable material and arranged in between the armature and the pole shoe. In this case, however, it is important that oxidation of the surface of the armature, pole shoe and yoke generally made of iron should be also prevented.
  • oxide layers obtained in this manner provide very durable, non-magnetic and non-oxidizing intermediate layers which are very advantageous for the purpose of the present invention.
  • the non-magnetic intermediate layer will have an especially long useful life.
  • the non-magnetic and non-oxidizing intermediate layer may be made of microscopical thickness i. e. 0.04 mm. or of any other preferred thickness. It may be provided, for example, by electroplating, it may comprise a plurality of individual layers provided one on top of the other or separated from each other by other layers. Of course, the magnetic forces acting on the armature will be diiferent for different arrangements of the intermediate layers so that in this manner, within certain limits, any desired time delay of the armature release can be obtained.
  • the relay according to the principles of the present invention has absolutely no air gap in the magnetic circuit when the armature is picked up and only the non-magnetic and non-oxidizing intermediate layer provides a non-magnetic gap.
  • this thin, skin-like intermediate layer cannot be affected by the atmospheric oxygen and the air tight contact of the armature with the pole shoe prevents direct contact of the oxygen with the places where the armature is striking.
  • the relay embodying our invention is capable of further refinements which are especially important when the relay is used as a self-interrupter or for short-circuiting itself in order to provide automatic opening and closing of contacts at predetermined time intervals.
  • Circuits of this type are especially in use for controlling the circuit of signal lamps in order to provide flashing light and danger signals.
  • To obtain the necessary slow operationfit is of importance that not only the release but also the pick up of the armature should be considerably delayed.
  • the greatest time delay in the pick up obtainable heretofore with telephone relays provided with a copper cylinder and short circuit winding is approximately of a second. Of course, this time delay is insuificicnt for a relay providing a flashing light effect.
  • a yoke I made of a magnetizable material has secured thereto a magnetizable core 2.
  • This core is provided with a winding 3 and a pole shoe 4.
  • An armature 5 made of a flat piece of a magnetizable material and bent at an angle is pivoted or balanced on an edge at 6.
  • Two contact springs 10 and H having contact points l0 and II are held by a dielectric l3 and maintain an electrical circuit closed in the normal position of rest of the armature, shown in Fig. 1.
  • the present relay is not provided with stop screws, pins and the like to limit the movement of the armature, but the armature when picked up will rest with its full surface on the pole shoe and is separated therefrom only by the thin intermediate layer but by no air gap.
  • FIG. 1 A circuit of this type is shown in Fig. 1 in which an electric lamp I5 is connected across the relay winding 3 which is connected in series with the contact points I0 and II and a source of current [9.
  • the operation of the relay is the following: When the circuit of winding 3 is completed, the winding will be energized and will pick up the vertical part of the armature 5. This will move the horizontal part of the armature upwards so that contact springs I0 and II will be separated and will break the circuit of the winding between contact points [0' and H. Hereafter the play of the armature begins anew and will be maintained so long as current is supplied to the relay.
  • a further means of increasing the time delay of picking up the armature is to provide under or in front of the pole shoe 4 of the relay shown in Fig. 1, a U-shaped brake member 8 made of iron or steel sheet of suitable thickness and preferably attached to pole shoe 4 by means of an extension. As will be observed from Fig. 2, this sheet is so bent that its two sides are either in direct contact with the side of the armature or they are separated therefrom by a very small air gap.
  • the U-shaped brake member is made of a very thin sheet of magnetizable metal so that the sides thereof will be attracted by the stray field of the armature and will be brought into direct contact with the armature.
  • the armature on its way toward pole shoe 4 will slide on the two sides of the U-shaped member and the friction produced will further slow down the pick-up of the armature.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a further embodiment of our invention, which in its operation is much similar to the arrangement of the U-shaped member described hereinbefore.
  • a small magnetizable part I"! is pivoted at the end of the horizontal part of the armature 48.
  • the winding of the relay is energized and the armature is attracted, the little part I! will slide along the surface of the yoke I and thereby will increase the time delay of the pick up.
  • the non-magnetic and non-oxidizing intermediate layer is provided in the form of a separate strip 9 of metal or other suitable material.
  • the edge of the yoke I where the armature 5 is balanced is provided with a suitable groove or depression 2
  • a movable intermediate layer similar to strip No. 9 may also be provided when a thin film of firm, non-magnetic and non-oxidizing material is present on the surfaces of the pole-shoe, yoke or armature.
  • This movable intermediate layer serves in these circumstances to further improve the durability of the thin. film. It is probable that this intermediate layer in some way or other weakens the impact of the armature against the pole-shoe.
  • the thin layer is made of a nonmagnetic material
  • the movable intermediate layer may consist of a magnetic or a non-magnetic material. If it consists of non-magnetic material it has a magnetic effect in addition to the intermediate layer on the armature and poleshoe.
  • the movable intermediate layer may also be composed of magnetic material such as nickel and chrome-containing iron alloys. In this case the film of non-magnetic material prevents any undesired sticking of the armature and the magnetic movable layer improves the latters durability.
  • a suitable groove or depression is provided in which the movable layer is embedded in order to prevent chafing of the intermediate layer by the movement of the armature.
  • the applications of the time delay relay embodying the principles of our invention are many.
  • the relay can be used, for example, in telephone and signalling equipments where it is necessary to have a great delay between the energizing of the winding and the pick up or the release of the armature. It is of especial advantage when slow current impulses are to be produced at predetermined time intervals, for example, for actuating signalling lamps or to produce flashing light and danger signals.
  • An important application of the relay is to produce flashing light signals on motor vehicles to indicate the drivers intention to stop or to make a turn.
  • a magnetizable core a winding on said core, a movable armature for said core, a thin intermediate layer of a solid, non-magnetic and non-oxidizing material located between the cooperating surfaces of said core and said armature, and a deformable plate of magnetizable material located in proximity of said armature, said plate capable of being attracted and deformed under the magnetic action of said armature when said winding is energized whereby a surface of said armature will be frictionally engaged by said deformed plate and movement of said armature Will be delayed.
  • an electromagnetic relay of delayed operation comprising a magnetizable core, a winding on said core, a movable armature of substantially oblong cross section for said core, a thin intermediate layer of a nonmagnetic and non-oxidizing material located between the co-operating surfaces of said core and said armature, and a deformable plate constituted of a magnetizable material located in proximity of said armature, said plate capable of being attracted and deformed under the 'magnetic action of said armature when said winding is energized whereby the side surfaces of said armature will be slideably engaged by said deformed plate and movement of said armature will be delayed by combinedmagnetic and frictional action of said plate.
  • the combination comprising a magnetizable core, a yoke attached to one end of said core, a pole shoe mounted on the other end of said core, a winding aroundsaid core, a U-shaped resilient plate constituted of a magnetizable material located in proximity of said pole shoe, and a pivoted armature bent at an angle having one of its ends between the sides of said U-shaped plate, the sides of said plate capable of being attracted and deformed under the magnetic action of said armature when said winding is energized to slideably engage the side surfaces of said armature and to delay movement thereof.
  • the combination comprising a magnetizable core, a yoke attached to one end of said core, a pole shoe mounted on the other end of said core, a winding around said core, a pivoted armature bent at an angle adapted to complete the magnetic circuit of said relay, an intermediate layer of a solid, non-magnetic and non-oxidizing l'l'itilial between said armature said yoke and said pole shoe, and a U-shaped resilient plate constituted of a magnetizable material having its sides in proximity of the side surfaces of said armature, the sides of said plate capable of being attracted and deformed under the magnetic action of said armature when said winding is energized to slideably engage theside surfaces of said armature and to delay movement thereof.
  • a time delay relay comprising a magnetizable core, a- Winding around said core, a yoke attached to one end of said core, a pole shoe mounted on the other end of said core, an armature bent at an angle pivoted on an edge at the end of said yoke, and a thin, movable and flexible strip of a non-magnetic and non-oxidizing material interposed between and independent from the co-operating surfaces of said armature, said yoke and said pole shoe, said armature capable of being picked up when said winding is energized and of being separated from said core solely by the thickness of said movable and independent strip providing a magnetic gap of greatly reduced length whereby pick up and release of said armature are delayed and sticking of said armature is prevented.
  • a time delay relay comprising a magnetizable core, a winding around said core, a yoke attached to one end of said core, a pole shoe mounted on the other end of said core, an armature bent at an angle pivoted on an edge at the end of said yoke, a thin, movable and flexible strip of a non-magnetic and non-oxidizing material interposed between and independent from the co-operating surfaces of said armature, said yoke and said pole shoe, and a groove provided at the edge of said yoke where said armature is pivoted to receive and to hold said strip to prevent chafing thereof by said armature, said armature capable of being picked up when said winding is energized and of being separated from said pole shoe solely by the thickness of said movable and independent strip whereby pick up and release of said armature are a delayed and sticking of the armature is prevented.
  • a time delay relay comprising a magnetizable core, a winding around said core, a yoke attached to one end of. said core, a pole shoe mounted on the other end of said core, an armature bent at an angle pivoted on an edge at the end of said yoke, a layer of a solid nonmagnetic and non-oxidizing material provided on the co-operating surfaces of said pole shoe, said yoke and said armature, and a thin, movable and flexible strip of a non-magnetic and nonoxidizing material interposed between and independent from said co-operating surfaces, said armature capable of being picked up when said winding is energized and of being separated from said pole shoe solely by the combined thicknesses of said layer and said movable and independent strip whereby pick up and release of said armature are delayed and sticking of the armature is prevented.
  • a time delay relay comprising a magnetizable core, a winding around said core, a yoke attached to one end of said core, a pole shoe mounted on the other end of said core, an armature bent at an angle pivoted on an edge at the end of said yoke, a layer of a solid non-magnetic and non-oxidizing material provided on the co-operating surfaces of said pole shoe, said yoke and said armature, and a thin, movable and flexible strip of a magnetic and non-oxidizing material interposed between and independent from said co-operating surfaces, said armature capable of being picked up when said winding is energized and of being separated from said pole shoe solely by the combined thicknesses of said layer and said movable and independent strip whereby pick up and release of said armature are delayed and sticking of the armature is prevented.
  • a time delay relay comprising a magnetizable core, a winding around said core, a yoke attached to one end of said core, a pole shoc mounted on the other end of said core, an armature bent at an angle pivoted on an edge at the end of said yoke, a layer of solid non-magnetic and non-oxidizing material constituted of a lacquer provided on the cooperating surfaces of said pole shoe, said yoke and said armature, and a thin, movable and flexible strip of a magnetic and non-oxidizing material interposed between and independent from said co-operating surfaces, said armature capable of being picked up when said winding is energized and of being separated from said pole shoe solely by the combined thicknesses of said layer and said movable and independent strip whereby pick up and release of said armature are delayed and sticking of the armature is prevented.
  • an electromagnetic relay of delayed operation comprising a magnetizable core, a winding around said core, a yoke attached to one end of said core, a pole shoe mounted on the other end of said core, a pivoted armature carrying no current bent at an angle and capable of substantially completing the magnetic circuit, and a thin intermediate layer constituted of solid, non-magnetic and non-oxidizing materials including lacquers and artificial resins located between the co-operatlng surfaces of said pole shoe, said yoke and said armature, said armature capable of being picked up by and of striking directly against said core when said winding is energized and of being separated therefrom solely by the thickness of said intermediate layer of lacquer providing a magnetic gap of greatly reduced length whereby pick up and release of said armature are delayed and sticking of the armature is prevented.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
US13684A 1934-01-06 1935-03-29 Time delay relay Expired - Lifetime US2134951A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2134951X 1934-01-06

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US2134951A true US2134951A (en) 1938-11-01

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US (1) US2134951A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE407152A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR784839A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419892A (en) * 1943-10-12 1947-04-29 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Circuit breaker-balanced armature
US2452079A (en) * 1944-06-22 1948-10-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Relay
US2491998A (en) * 1944-02-19 1949-12-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fluid-flow indicator
US2510298A (en) * 1948-05-20 1950-06-06 Sala Paolo Alternating current electromagnet
US2825013A (en) * 1955-05-11 1958-02-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp A. c. contactor with d. c. magnet construction
US2871676A (en) * 1954-07-06 1959-02-03 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus with magnetic latch
WO1980000391A1 (en) * 1978-07-25 1980-03-06 Square D Co A magnetic latch device for a clapper type contactor
DE4338655A1 (de) * 1993-03-17 1994-09-22 Fujitsu Ltd Magnetgrundkörper für Druckkopf von Nadeldrucker und Verfahren zum Herstellen desselben
US20180122604A1 (en) * 2015-06-30 2018-05-03 Tyco Electronics (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd. Magnetic System of Electromagnetic Relay

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419892A (en) * 1943-10-12 1947-04-29 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Circuit breaker-balanced armature
US2491998A (en) * 1944-02-19 1949-12-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fluid-flow indicator
US2452079A (en) * 1944-06-22 1948-10-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Relay
US2510298A (en) * 1948-05-20 1950-06-06 Sala Paolo Alternating current electromagnet
US2871676A (en) * 1954-07-06 1959-02-03 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus with magnetic latch
US2825013A (en) * 1955-05-11 1958-02-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp A. c. contactor with d. c. magnet construction
WO1980000391A1 (en) * 1978-07-25 1980-03-06 Square D Co A magnetic latch device for a clapper type contactor
DE4338655A1 (de) * 1993-03-17 1994-09-22 Fujitsu Ltd Magnetgrundkörper für Druckkopf von Nadeldrucker und Verfahren zum Herstellen desselben
DE4338655C2 (de) * 1993-03-17 1998-11-19 Fujitsu Ltd Druckkopfkern für einen Nadeldrucker und Verfahren zum Herstellen desersteren
US20180122604A1 (en) * 2015-06-30 2018-05-03 Tyco Electronics (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd. Magnetic System of Electromagnetic Relay
US10770252B2 (en) * 2015-06-30 2020-09-08 Tyco Electronics (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd. Magnetic system of electromagnetic relay

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE407152A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR784839A (fr) 1935-07-25

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