US2126068A - Fuel pump for reversible combustion engines - Google Patents

Fuel pump for reversible combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US2126068A
US2126068A US27247A US2724735A US2126068A US 2126068 A US2126068 A US 2126068A US 27247 A US27247 A US 27247A US 2724735 A US2724735 A US 2724735A US 2126068 A US2126068 A US 2126068A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
fuel
pump
cam
piston
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US27247A
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English (en)
Inventor
Walti Heinrich
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Sulzer AG
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Sulzer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US2126068A publication Critical patent/US2126068A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/38—Pumps characterised by adaptations to special uses or conditions
    • F02M59/40—Pumps characterised by adaptations to special uses or conditions for reversible engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D1/00—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F02M59/361—Valves being actuated mechanically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2760/00—Control of valve gear to facilitate reversing, starting, braking of four stroke engines
    • F01L2760/002—Control of valve gear to facilitate reversing, starting, braking of four stroke engines for reversing or starting four stroke engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2700/00—Mechanical control of speed or power of a single cylinder piston engine
    • F02D2700/02—Controlling by changing the air or fuel supply
    • F02D2700/0269—Controlling by changing the air or fuel supply for air compressing engines with compression ignition
    • F02D2700/0282—Control of fuel supply
    • F02D2700/0284—Control of fuel supply by acting on the fuel pump control element

Definitions

  • This'invention' relatesto' a fuel pump for reversiblecombustion engines.
  • One object of the invention is to avoid the necessity of shifting the pumptiming or the timing of the pump drive in reversible combustion'engines.
  • jit is characterized by the fact that the pump piston is driven by a cam having one face for use in one direction of rotation and another face for use in the other direction of rotation, without any shifting of the cam when the engine is reversed.
  • the pump piston is driven by a cam having one face for use in one direction of rotation and another face for use in the other direction of rotation, without any shifting of the cam when the engine is reversed.
  • the end of the delivery period may be changed when the engine operates under light load.
  • One advantage of the invention is that on account of the use of, the above described cam it is unnecessary to adjust the fuel pump in combustion engines evenfor a considerable difference in engine speed, for example, from full load to idling.
  • the great difference of the number of revolutions under full load as compared with idling makes itnecessary that the delay of thebeginning of the fuel injection as compared to the beginning of the fuel delivery by the fuel pump required for full load at low revolutions, be reduced for smaller loads,in order to prevent uneven operation and possibly misfiring of the engine under such loads.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram showing the, change in the beginning of the fuel delivery and the change in the end of the fuel delivery.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram showing the shifting'of beginning and end of the fuel delivery in the crank diagram
  • Figure 3 is a cross section through the fuel p mp; f
  • Figure 4 illustrates diagrammatically the position of an eccentric shaft for one position of the regulator
  • Figure 5 is a similar View showing the same shaftin a different position
  • Figure 6 illustrates a secondeccentric shaft in one position of adjustment
  • Figure 7 is a similar view showing the second shaft in a different position of adjustment
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate a modified arrangement of valves.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the effect of the operation above described in connection generally with the engine and in connection specifically with Figures 4 to 7 inclusive.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the effect of the operation above described in connection generally with the engine and in connection specifically with Figures 4 to 7 inclusive.
  • the ordinates of the linea indicate the corresponding angle of the beginning of fuel injection ahead of upper dead. center and the ordinates of line b indicate the angle of the end of fuel delivery ahead ofupper dead center.
  • Figure 2 shows diagrammatically the angles just mentioned in' positions of crank rotation.
  • fuel delivery begins at A and is carried to B which corresponds with upper ,dead center.
  • power developed is that indicated at L1 on Figure 1
  • fuel delivery begins at A1, but the end of de livery is still at B. From that point further the fuelquantity is reduced by a further shifting of the point A as well as the point B so that when the engine is idling, fuel is delivered only between pointsAzandBi. 7
  • FIG. 3 there is shown in Figure 3, one form of a fuel pump of acombustion engine.
  • the engine it self is not shown.
  • Reference character I designates generally the pump.
  • 2 is a cam shaft which is connected to the engine crank shaft. It carries a cam 3, having a cam face,4, and a second cam face 5.
  • the cam in its rotation contacts a roller ,6 which is journaled in the free end of a rocker arm or lever I.
  • This lever carries a curved nose or bearing portion 1a, by means of which the pump piston 8, is reciprocated in response to movement of the lever which is caused by rotation of the cam.
  • the pump piston 8 at its lower end contacts a generally cylindrical guide bushing I B.
  • a spring "I I being positioned atone end within the guide bushing I0 and at its other end upon a portion of the pump housing, surrounds the pump piston, lies partly within the bushing III and tends to push the piston downwardly.
  • the piston is provided with alaterally extending flange Be at its lower end, upon which a cup-shaped member 8b is positioned. The lower end of the spring bears against the cup-shaped member 81).
  • 12 is the suction or intake fuel line through which fuel enters the pump housing.
  • 13 is a suction valve positioned to control a passage or conduit l4, within the pump housing and communicating with the pump chamber I5.
  • Communicating with the pump chamber I5, is a pressure or discharge valve l6, which controls the movement of fluid from the pump chamber to the pressure line l1.
  • I8 is a passage connecting the pump chamber I5 with a return valve 20 positioned to control the passage of fuel through the port 21 back to the suction line I2.
  • the passage of fuel through the pump is thus from the suction line [2, past the valve l3, through the passage l4, to the pump chamber l5.
  • pressure in the chamber is suflicient to unseat the valve l6, fuel passes the valve and is discharged into the pressure line I1, and will be delivered to any suitable point, for example, an injection valve.
  • the relief or return valve 20 is open, pressure cannot rise to a sufficient point to unseat the valve 16, and hence during the time that the valve 20 is open, fuel moves through the passage l'8 past the valve 20. through the port 2 I, and back to the suction line l2.
  • 22 is a lever which is connected by means of an adjustable link 23, with a pin 24, on the lever 1.
  • the lever 22 is mounted upon an adjustable eccentric shaft 25.
  • the lever 22 adjacent its upper end carries a projection or shoulder 26, upon which the lower end of the valve stem 21, rests.
  • the suction valve I3 is raised from its seat. The movementof the valve stem 21 and its raising and lowering of the valve I3, depends upon the position of adjustment of the shaft 25 which will be-described below.
  • valve stem 33, 34 is a composite or built-up unit and it is formed of a lower portion 33, into which the upper portion 34, is screwed.
  • the length of the stem may be varied to adjust the amount of play 36, between the :upper end of the valve stem portion '34, and the return or relief valve 20.
  • the eccentric shaft 25 has fixed upon it an adjusting means comprising a gear section 31, which meshes with a corresponding gear sector 38 on the eccentric shaft 32.
  • a rod 39 may be moved'backward or forward to effect adjustment of the eccentric shafts just mentioned andsince the gear sectors on the shafts mesh with each other, the movement of the shafts in response to movement of the member 39 will be-equal and opposite.
  • the cam 3 drives the 'pump' for forwardmovemen't as wellas for reverse and to accomplish a change in direction, the cam need not be shifted nor need the roller 6 be raised.
  • the pump piston is at lower dead center, when the cam 3 continues its rotation in the direction of the arrow, the roller 6 runs along the face 4 and commences the inward or compression stroke of the piston. After the point or nose of the cam has passed beyond the roller, the roller runs down the face 5. The pump piston is forced outwardly and accomplishes a suction stroke.
  • cam shaft is, of course, driven from the engine, preferably from the engine crank shaft by means of gears, chain transmission or by any other desirable means.
  • the parts are so related and timed that when the corresponding engine piston has reached upperdead center, the roller 6 has reached its highest position, between the cam faces 4 and 5, and the pumpplunger is therefore in upper dead center.
  • valve I3 is closed at lower dead center of the piston 8 and the piston thus for this position'of adjustment of the eccentric 25 delivers fuel during its-entire inward stroke.
  • the maximum amount of fuel is injected and the engine develops maximum power.
  • the valve I3 cannot fall even though the shoulder 26 is lowered because the valve is closed at the outset and thestem 21 drops away from the valve but does not open it.
  • One advantage of the present invention is that the injection of fuel into the engine cylinder begins near upper dead center independent of the compression of fuel in the fuel pressure line.
  • slow running engines particularly the symmetrical cam 4 because of its early beginning of fuel delivery requires preferably insertion ofa delay space in the pressure line which may be either in the form of a larger chamber in the line or in the form of an increased length of line.
  • valves are located on the same side of the pump piston and they are mounted upon the same eccentric shaft.
  • the operation of the device in this form of the invention is essentially that of the device above described and since the parts are the same except for the re-arrangement, they need not be described again in detail.
  • a pump cylinder and piston means for admitting fuel to and returning it from said cylinder, a fuel inlet and a fuelrelief valve positioned to control the inlet and return of fuel, and a single operating means for said valves, said means comprising a symmetrical cam, having two working faces inclined outwardly from the center of the cam toward each other, the upper ends of said faces being approximately in contact-with each other, a lever pivoted adjacent said earn, a pair of valve operating lever members positioned adjacent said cam, and linkage connecting each of said valve operating levers with said first mentioned lever, said valves and said valve operating levers being located on the same side of said cylinder.
  • a pump, cylinder and piston means for admitting fuel to and returning it from said cylinder, a fuel inlet and a fuel relief valve positioned to control the inlet and return of fuel, and a single operating means for said valves, said means comprising a symmetrical cam, having two working faces inclined outwardly from the center of the cam towards each other, the upper ends of said facesbeing approximately in contact with each other, a lever pivoted adjacent said cam, a pair of valve operating lever members positioned adjacent said cam, and linkage connecting each of said valve operating levers with said first mentioned lever, and means for simultaneously and in If in' co-ordination adjusting the fulcrums of said valve operating levers.
  • a fuel pump for internal combustion engines comprising a cylinder, a piston mounted within the cylinder for reciprocation, valve means for controlling the flow of fluid to and from said cylinder and including an inlet valve and a relief valve; means for maintaining said inlet valve and said relief valve normally closed, means for opening said inlet valve and said relief valve in timed relation comprising a pair of valve operating levers, eccentric fulcrum means for mounting each of said valve operating levers for rocking movement, a link member interconnecting said valve operating levers, cam means for concurrently rocking said valve operating levers and for reciprocating said piston, and means for driving said cam.
  • a fuel pump for internal combustion engines comprising a cylinder, a piston mounted within said cylinder for reciprocation, valve means for controlling the flow of fluid to and from said cylinder and including an inlet valve and a relief valve, means for maintaining said inlet valve and said relief valve normally closed, means for opening said inlet valve and said relief valve in timed relation comprisinga pairof valve operating levers, eccentric fulcrum means for mounting each of said valve operating levers for rocking movement, means for relatively adjusting said eccentric fulcrum means about their respective axes for varying the timed actuation of said inlet valve and said relief valve, a link member interconnecting said valve operating levers, and cam means for concurrently rocking said valve operating levers and for reciprocating said piston, and means for riving said cam.
  • a fuel pump for internal combustion engines comprising a pump cylinder, a piston mounted within said cylinder for reciprocation,'means for controlling the flow of fluid to and from said cylinder including an inlet valve and a relief valve, spring means for biasing said valves to closed position, means for opening said inlet and relief valves in timed relation comprising a pair of valve operating levers, eccentric fulcrum means for mounting said levers for rocking movement, cam means for actuating said piston, means for driving the cam, a pivoted lever having a free end terminating between said cam means and said piston, means operatively connecting the lever with said cam means and said piston, respectively, for actuating the piston when the cam is driven, and means for operatively connecting the valve r operating levers with said pivoted lever whereby said inlet and relief valves are concurrently actuated in timed relation.
  • a fuel pump for internal combustion engines comprising a pump cylinder, a piston mounted within said cylinder for reciprocation, means for controlling the flow of fluid into and from said cylinder including an inlet valve and a relief valve, spring means for biasing said valves to closed position, means for opening said inlet and relief valves in timed relation comprising a pair of valve operating levers, eccentric fulcrum means for mounting-said levers for rocking movement, cam means for actuating said piston, means for driving the cam, a pivoted lever having a free end terminating between said cam means and said piston, means operatively connecting the lever with said cam means and said piston, respectively, for actuating the piston when the cam is driven, means for operatively connecting the valve operating levers with said pivoted lever whereby said inlet and relief valves are concurrently actuated in timed relation, and means for relatively adjusting said eccentric means about their respective axes for varying the timed actuation of said valves.
  • a fuel pump for internal combustion engines comprising a pump cylinder, a piston mounted Within the cylinder for reciprocation, means for controlling the flow of fluid to and from said cylinder comprising an inlet valve and a relief valve, spring means for biasing said valves to closed position, means for opening said valves in timed relation including a pair of push rods mounted for reciprocation on opposite sides of the pump cylinder and disposed in generally parallel relation to said piston, a pair of valve operating levers, eccentric means for mounting said levers for rocking movement, abutment means carried by each of said valve operating levers in operative engagement, respectively, with said push rods, a pivoted lever having a free end disposed in substantial alignment with the pump piston, cam means, means operatively connecting said pivoted lever with the cam means and said piston, means for driving the cam to cause reciprocation of the piston, link means operatively connecting the valve operating levers with each other and with said pivoted lever for concurrently rocking the levers in timed relation, and means for relatively adjusting said eccentric fulcrum means for
  • a fuel pump for internal combustion engines comprising a pump cylinder, a piston mounted within the cylinder for reciprocation, means for controlling the flow of fluid to and from said cylinder comprising an inlet valve and a relief valve, spring means for biasing said valves to closed position, means for opening said valves in timed relation including a pair of push rods mounted for reciprocation on opposite sides of the pump cylinder and disposed in generally parallel relation to said piston, a pair of valve operating levers, eccentric means for mounting said levers for rocking movement, abutment means carried by each of said valve operating levers in operative engagement, respectively, with said push rods, a pivoted lever having a free end disposed in substantial alignment with the pump piston, cam means, means operatively connecting said pivoted lever with the cam means and said piston, means for driving the cam to cause reciprocation of the piston, link means operatively connecting the valve operating levers with each other and with said pivoted lever for concurrently rocking the levers in timed relation, means for relatively adjusting said eccentric fulcrum means for varying

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US27247A 1934-06-20 1935-06-18 Fuel pump for reversible combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US2126068A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2126068X 1934-06-20

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US2126068A true US2126068A (en) 1938-08-09

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US27247A Expired - Lifetime US2126068A (en) 1934-06-20 1935-06-18 Fuel pump for reversible combustion engines

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US (1) US2126068A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR790325A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL40145C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3561407A (en) * 1969-08-15 1971-02-09 Fairbanks Morse Inc Reversible internal combustion engine having improved fuel control means

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3561407A (en) * 1969-08-15 1971-02-09 Fairbanks Morse Inc Reversible internal combustion engine having improved fuel control means

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Publication number Publication date
FR790325A (fr) 1935-11-19
NL40145C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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