US2125011A - Governor - Google Patents

Description

July 26, 193'8 H. G. ADLER GOVERNOR Filed March 14, 1956 Patented July 26, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. y

GOVERNOR Application March 14 5 Claims.

The present invention relates to governors or speed controlling devices for internal combustion engines -of the type adapted to be disposed in the intake manifold.

More specifically, the invention relates to governors of this class employing an unbalanced valve and means to substantially balance the valve in all positions thereof at a predetermined speed .of the motor.

Heretofore, where a single spring has been used to balance the valve, it has been necessary to interpose cams, links or other compensating mechanisms between the valve and the-spring.

The present invention aims to provide a gov-v ernor that eliminates the cams, links, etc.

To this end. the governor is proportioned so that the closing eiect of the flow of gases on the valve transferred to an element subject to reduced pressure in the intake manifold plus the eiect of such reduced pressure on the element when plotted against dierent positions of the element is a straight line. As the same plot for a single spring opposing the element is a straight line, the valve may be balanced in all positions thereof at a predetermined speed of the motor by a single spring.

Other objects and features of novelty will be apparent from the description taken in connection with the drawing, in which: Y

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation taken online I-i of Figure 3-looking in the direction of the Figure 2 is a sectional elevation through the device;

Figure 3 is a plan view of the governor;

Figure 4 is a sectional' elevation at right angles to Figure 2; l v

Figurel 5 is a plotillustrating the vacuum force on the piston as plotted against the piston movement;

Figure 6 is plot illustrating the force on the plotted piston due to the torque on the valve against the piston movement;v and Figure 7 is aplot illustrating the force of the spring as plotted against the piston movement.-

, 193e, serai 110.118.952 (oi. 137-153) a spindle i5 and when in wide open position is spaced from the axis of the spindle. When it is moved to closed position as shown at It the valve is balanced. Intermediate these two positions the forcesxdue to vacuum ,and the flow of gases is variable thereon.

The spindle I5' extends into the housing II and has an larm iii mounted thereon with a roller i7 at the end thereof adapted to abut a piston i8. This piston is forced to the right as= viewed in Figure 1 by a spring i9 the tension of which may be adjusted by a screw member 20. The piston it ts in a cylinder 2l and is subject, through the port 22, to the reduced pressure in the intake manifold on the down stream side of the governor valve. The housing II is providedY with a port 23 placing the interior thereof in communication with the atmosphere, so that the piston is subject on the one side to atmospheric pressure and on the other to the reduced pressure in the intake manifold.

As illustrated in Figure 5, a plot of the vacuum force on the' piston as against the piston movement is in the form of a curve. It is the object of this invention to design the butterfly valve so thatthe sum of the force on thepiston due to the torque on the valvepl'us the vacuum force on the piston when plotted against positions of the piston will give a straight line. Forthis purpose, as previously stated, the valve i4 is eccentrically disposed with respect to its axis. When in wide open position the valve M is parallel to the longitudinal center line of the casing and affords practically no obstruction to the passage of the gases. When in closed posi? tion the valve is horizontal as illustrated at M. When the valve or valve plate moves into a' nearly closed position as illustrated at It Figure 2, the torque upon this plate will be extremely small, since the two arms of the plate are of equal length and the eHective'leve/r arm dueto the plate oiset is nearlyzero. However, it will be easy to understand that 'as the plate moves upon the shaft Y increases and then decreases substantially as shown in Figure 6. Byselecting the proper spacing of .the plate from "the center line of the axis of the spindle, it is possible to produce a torque. curve such that when its eiectv upon the piston is added to the reduced pressure vacting on the piston, the combined forcesv repfrom fullyfopen to closed position,- the torque resent a straight line; that is to say, the force j upon the .piston due to reduced pressure and torque upon thevalve varies directly as the movement of this piston. 'Ihis combined force, therefore, can be balanced by a single spring.

The movement of the piston I8, in this structure, is very nearly proportional to the angle movement of the governor valve. Consequently, the movement of the movable end of the spring is also directly proportionate to the movement of the valve.

More specifically stated when the curves of' Figures 5 and 6 are combined it will be found that they produce a straight line and therefore can be balanced. by a single spring the action of which is shown in Figure 7.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. A governor for internal combustion motors including in combination, a casing having a fuel passage therein adapted to be disposed in the intake manifold, a butterfly valve in the fuel passage actuated in a closing direction by the flow of gases in the fuel passage, and having a variable torque curve dueto such ow, said casing having a cylinder, afpiston disposed therein subject to the reduced pressure in the intake manifold, on the down-stream side of the valve, a spring opposing movement of the piston due to the reduced pressure and means to transmit the effect of said torque to the piston to aid the reduced pressure acting thereon, said elements being so constructed and arranged that the sum of the torque effect and the 'reduced pressure effect form a straight line when plotted against the different positions of the piston whereby the valve may be balanced in all positions by a single spring.

2. A governor for internal combustion motors including in combination, a casing having a fuel passage therein adapted to be disposed in the intake manifold, a governing member in the fuel passage actuated in a closing direction by the ow of gases in the fuel passage, the closing effect due to such flow being variable, said casing having a cylinder, a piston disposed therein subject to the reduced pressure in the intake L manifold on the down-stream side of said governing member, a spring opposing movement of the piston due to the reduced pressure, and means to transmit the closing force on said member to the piston to aid the reduced pressure acting thereon, said elements being so constructed and arranged that the sum of the closing force effect and the reduced .pressure effect form a straight line when plotted against` different positions of the piston, whereby the governing member may be balanced in all positions by a single spring.

3. A governor for internal combustion motors including in combination, a casing having a fuel passage therein adapted to be disposed in the intake manifold, a governing member in the fuel passage actuated in a closing direction by the i flow of gases in the fuel passage, said casing hav-- ing a movable element'subject to the reduced pressure in the intake manifold on the downstream side of said governing member, a spring opposing movement of said element due to the reduced pressure and means to transmit the closing force on said member to said element to aid the reduced pressure acting thereon, said governing member and said movable element being so constructed and arranged that the sum of the closing force effect and the reduced pressure effect forma straight line when plotted against the different positions of said element, whereby the governing member may be balanced in all positions by a single spring.l

4. A governor for internal combustion motors including in combination, a casing having a fuel passage therein adapted to be disposed in the intake manifold, a plate valve in said passage rotatable about an axis transverse to the passage and intersecting its longitudinal center line and offset from said axis, said valve when in full open position being parallel to said center line and when closed perpendicular to the same, said casing having a movable element subject to the reduced pressure on the down-stream side of said valve, a spring opposing movement of said element due to the reduced pressure, and means to transmit the torque effect of said valve to said element to aid the reduced pressure acting thereon, the sum of the torque and reduced pressure effects on said element forming a straight line when plotted against the different positions of said element, whereby the valve may be balanced in all positions bya single spring.-

5. A governor for internal combustion motors including.in'combination, a casing having a fuel passage therein adapted to be disposed in the intake manifold, a butterfly valve in saidv passage rotatable about a transverse axis intersecting the longitudinal center line of the passage and, offset from said axis, said valve being of less length than the corresponding transverse dimension of said passage and movable from a 'position parallel to the center line to a position perpendicular thereto, said casing having a movable element subject to the reduced pressure on the down-stream side of said valve, a spring op-

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