US2986131A

US2986131A - Governor

Info

Publication number: US2986131A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1961-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 1978-05-30

Description

T. l. LARSEN May 30, 1961 GOVERNOR 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 51, 1958 INVENTOR. 7'0 r/erfJrya/fJ/rsefl May 30, 1961 T. LARSEN 2,936,131 I GOVERNOR v Filed July 31, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. 727/92) 1777077 4%715'672 army/s. I

T. l. LARSEN May 30, 1961' GOVERNOR 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed July 51, 1958 INVENTOR.

United States Patent GOVERNOR Torleif Ingolf Larsen, Farmington, Mich., assignor to King-Seeley' Corporation, Ann Arbor, Mich, a corporation of Michigan Filed July 31, 1958, Ser. No. 752,304

6 Claims. (Cl. 123-103) This invention relates to governors and, more particularly, to an improved velocity or mixture flow type governor particularly adapted for use in governing an internal combustion engine equipped with a carburetor havingsuccessively controlled barrels.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved and 12, respectively, provided with primary throttle plates 13 and secondary throttle plates 14, although it will be understood that the present invention is applicable to other uses. The governor 20'is adapted to be inserted between the four barrel carburetor and the intake manifold of the fuel induction system of an internal yelocity or mixture flow type governor incorporating improved means for controlling an internal combustion engine equipped with a carburetor having, successively controlled barrels, as for example, a four barrel carburetor.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved velocity or mixture flow type governor of the indicated character which operates quickly, efiiciently and reliably over a wide range of engine load conditions.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved governor of the indicated character which may be manufactured and assembled economically, and which may be easily and quickly adjusted with a minimum of time, labor, and expense to meet the requirements of the various multiple barrel carburetors and engines that may be. associated therewith.

The above as well as other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, the appended claims and the accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure l is a side elevational view, with portions broken away, of a velocity or mixture flow type governor embodying the present invention, showing the throttle plates thereof in the wide open position;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the governor illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 2,,taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is. a sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 2, taken on the line 4-4 thereof; Fig. 5 is a top plan view of another embodiment of the invention; 7

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the structure illustrated. in Fig. 5, taken on the line 6-6 thereof;

Fig. 7 is a top plan view of still another embodiment of the invention; 1

Fig. 8 is an end view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 7, taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 7, taken on the line 9-9 thereof;

Fig. 10 is an end view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 7, taken on the line Ill-10 of Fig. 7; and

Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken on the line 11--11 of Fig. 2 showing the governor illustrated in Fig. l inserted between a four barrel carburetor and the intake manifold of the fuel induction system of an internal combustion engine.

successively controlled primary and secondary barrels 1 1 combustion engine such as conventionally employed. on an automotive vehicle. The. fuel mixture emanating from the carburetor passes through the governor 20 and passes from. the governor into the fuel paths 16 and 17 of the intake manifold which serves tov distribute the fuel mix ture to the engine cylinder. 7

The governor 20 is comprised of a body 22 thatdefines four

passageways

24, 26, 28' and 30, each of which is open at each end and. each of which, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, is substantially circular in cross section, although it. will be understood that the cross-sectional configuration. of the

passageways

24,, 26, 28 and 30 may be other than circular. The body 22 is provided with

mounting flanges

32 and 34 which facilitate the installation of the governor 20 between the. carburetor and the intake manifold, the governor being retained by bolts (not shown) which pass through the openings 36 provided in the body in outwardly spaced relationship with respectv to the

passageways

24, 26, 28 and 30. A pair of

primary throttle plates

38 and 40 are provided which are fixed to a shaft 42', the longitudinal axis of the shaft 42 extending transversely of the primary passage:-

ways

26 and 30 and being. ofiset in parallel relationship with respect to the. aligned diameters of the

passageways

26 and 30. Each of the throttle plates 38 and '40 is also offset with respect tothe longitudinal axis of the shaft 42 so that the portion 44 of each throttle plate, 38

and 40. with the. greatest area extends generally upwardly, as viewed in Figs. 1,. 3 and. 4, and upstream with respect to the direction of the flow of the fuel mixture, while the portion 46 of each primary throttle plate with the least area extends generally downwardly, as. viewed in The end portionsv of the shaft 42 are journaled for oscillation in suitable bearings 48 and 50 carriedv by the body 22 on opposite sides of the primary passageways 26 30. As shown in Figure 1, oneend portion of the shaft 42 projects into a chamber 52 defined by a housing por tion '54 provided on the body 22.

A pair of

secondary throttle plates

56 and 58 are provided which are fixed to a shaft 60,, the longitudinal axis of the shaft 60 extending transversely of the

secondary passageways

24 and 28 with the longitudinal axis of the shaft 60 aligned with the aligned diameters of the

secondary passageways

24 and 28. Each of the

secondary throttle plates

56 and 58 is balanced with respect to the longitudinal axis of the secondary shaft 60 so that the area of the portion 62 of the

throttle plates

56 and 58 which extends upwardly, as viewed in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, and upstream with respect to the flow of the fuel mixture is equal to the area of the portion 64 of the throttle plates which extends generally downwardly, as viewed in Figs. 1, 3 and 4. With such a construction, the velocity and pressure forces exerted. on the

secondary throttle plates

56 and 58 by the passage of, the fuel mixture through the

secondary passageways

24 and 28 are substantially balanced, and the

secondary throttle plates

56 and 58 do not tend to move as a function of the forces exerted by passages.

The end portions of the secondary shaft 60 are jour naled' for oscillation in

suitable bearings

66 and 68 carried 3 by the body 22 on opposite sides of the

secondary passageways

24 and 28. As shown in Fig. 2, the end portions 70 and 72 of the primary and

secondary shafts

42 and 60 project outwardly from the body 22, and a pair of

collars

74 and 76 are fixed to such portions of the primary and secondary shafts. A link member 78 is provided which serves to mechanically couple the balanced

secondary throttle plates

56 and 58 to the unbalanced

primary throttle plates

38 and 40, one end portion of the link member 78 being pivotally connected by a pin 80 to the collar 76 at a position spaced from the axis of oscillation of the secondary shaft 60 While the opposite end of the link member 78 is pivotally connected by a pin 82 to the collar 74 at a position below the axis of oscillation of the primary shaft 42. With such a construction, when the

primary throttle plates

38 and 40 move in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, toward the closed position, the

secondary throttle plates

56 and 58 move in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, toward the closed position.

Since the forces exerted on the

secondary throttle plates

56 and 58 are balanced, while the forces exerted on the V 4 longitudinal axis of the primary shaft 42 in a direction to move the

primary throttle plates

38 and 40 toward the closed position. Since the primary shaft 42 is mechanically connected to the secondary shaft 60 through the agency of the link member 78, the

secondary throttle plates

56 and 58 also move toward the closed position. Upon movement of the throttle plates toward the open position due to the action of the spring 90, the piston 98 moves to the right to the position illustrated in Fig. 2. The rod end portion of the bore 100 is connectedto the primary passageway 30 by the opening 108 in the wall defining the primary passageway 30, while the head end portion of the bore 100 communicates with the atmosphere, such communication being effected through

openprimary throttle plates

38 and 40 by the passage of the The forces exerted on the primary throttle plates 38 i and 40 by the passage of the fuel mixture through the primary passageways 26 and tends to vary non-linearly in value as the primary throttle plates change positions, and in order to balance the closing forces exerted on the primary throttle plates, at governed speeds, in all positions, a reactance mechanism, generally designated 84, is provided which is disposed in the open sided chamber 52 defined by the housing portion 54. The reactance mechanism 84 is comprised of a cam 85 which is fixed to the end portion of the primary shaft 42 within the chamber 52, the configuration of the cam surface 86 being determined by the characteristics of the particular engine and the particular carburetor with which the governor is associated. A flexible tape 88 is provided, one end portion of which is fixed to the cam 85. The tape extends over the cam surface 86 and the distal end of the tape 88 is fixed to one end of a coil spring 90 while the convolutions of the opposite end portion of the spring 90 threadably engage an adjusting screw 92 carried by the housing portion 54 of the body 22. .With such a construction, the force exerted by the spring is applied through varying radii to resist the non-linear closing effort of the

primary throttle plates

38 and 40. The chamber 52 is closed by a closure member94 which is secured to the housing portion 54 of the body 22 as by screws 96.

For the purpose of stabilizing both the primary and secondary throttle plates and to prevent throttle cheat, a piston 98 is provided which is reciprocally mounted in a bore 100 provided in a cylinder 102 carried by the body 22 at a position spaced from the housing portion 54, the outer end of the bore being sealed by a plug retained by any suitable or conventional means. One end of a piston rod 106 is fixed to the piston 98 and the other end portion of the rod extends into the primary passageway 30 through an opening 108 provided in the wall defining the primary passageway 30. The end portion of the rod 106 which extends into the primary passageway 30 is provided with a recess 1'10 adapted to receive a laterally extending portion 112 of an actuating member 114, the portion 112 .of the actuating member 114 being fixed to the actuating member 114 as by a rivet 116, and the end portion of the member 114 remote from the actuating portion 112 is fixed to the upper portion 44 of the primary throttle plate 40. With such a construction, longitudinal movement of the piston toward the left, as viewed in Fig. 2, effects rotation of the

primary throttle plates

38 and 40 about the 76 ings 118 provided in the wall of the cylinder 102 defining the bore 100. With such a construction, an increase in the vacuum in the primary passageway 30 effects an increase in the vacuum at the rod end of the bore with the result that the piston tends to move toward the left as viewed in Fig. 2. As the piston moves toward the left, the distal end of the rod 106 engages the portion 112 of the actuating member 114 so as to move the actuating member 114 toward the left as viewed in Fig. 2, thereby effecting rotation of both the primary and secondary throttle plates and moving both the primary and secondary throttle plates toward the closed position. Since the piston 98 is actuated by the vacuum in the primary passageway 30, such a construction substantially prevents throttle cheat. Such a construction also enables the pieton 98 to assist the forces exerted on the primary throttle plates by the flow of the fuel mixture through the primary passageways to move the throttle plates toward the closed position, and at the same time provides a stabilizing eifect on both the primary and secondary throttle plates because of the dashpot action of the piston, thereby reducing hunting of the governor to a minimum.

Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. This embodiment of the invention is com prised of a governor 120 which includes the body 22 that defines the four

passageways

24, 26, 28 and 30, namely the

primary passageways

26 and 30 and the

secondary passageways

24 and 28. This embodiment of the invention also includes the

primary throttle plates

38 and 40 which are mounted in ofiset releationship on the primary shaft 42 in the manner previously described so that the portion 44 of each primary throttle plate with the greatest area extends generally upstream with respect to the direction of fiow of the fuel mixture, while the portions 46 of the primary throttle plates with the least area extend generally downstream.

In this embodiment of the invention, a pair of

secondary throttle plates

156 and 158 are provided which are fixed to a secondary shaft 160, the longitudinal axis of the secondary shaft 160 extending transversely of the

secondary passageways

24 and 28 and being offset in parallel relationship with respect to the aligned diameters of the

passageways

24 and 28. Each of the

secondary throttle plates

156 and 158 is also ofiset with respect to the longitudinal axis of the secondary shaft 160 so that the portion 162 of each secondary throttle plate with the greatest area extends generally upwardly, as viewed in Fig. 6, and upstream with respect to the direction of flow of the fuel mixture, while the portion 164 of each secondary throttle plate with the least area extends generally downwardly, as viewed in Fig. 6. With such a construction, the velocity and pressure forces exerted on the

primary throttle plates

38 and 40 and the

secondary throttle plates

156 and 158 by the passage of the fuel mixture through the

passageways

24, 26, 28 and 30 tend to move both the

primary throttle plates

38 and 40 and the

secondary throttle plates

156 and 158 toward the closed position. The end portions of the secondary shaft 160 are journaled for oscillation in suitable bearings, such as the

bearings

66 and 68 previously described, which provided the body 22 on opposite sides of the secondary passageways 24 and 28': As shown in Figs. and 6; this embodiment of" the invention includes the

colla1s

74 and 76 which are fixed to the outwardly pro j'ecting'end portions of the primary and secondary shafts, the link member 78 being provided which serves to mechanically couple the unbalanced

secondary throttle plates

156 and 158" to the

unbalancedprimary throttle plates

38 and 40; One end portion of the link member 78 is pivotally connected totlie collar 76 at a position spaced from the axis of oscillation of the secondary shaft 160 while the opposite end of the link member 78 is pivotally connected to the collar 74' at a position spaced from the axis of oscillation of the primary shaft 42 in the manner previously described. 7 7

' Since the forces exerted, on the primary and secondary throttle plates by the passage of the fuel mixture through the primary and secondary passageways are unbalanced, the closing of both the primary and secondary throttle plates is controlled by the forces exerted on both the primary and secondary throttle plates bythe' passageof the fuelmixture throughthe primary and'secondary passageways.

This embodiment of the invention also includes the reactance mechanism 84 and the piston and cylinder means 98, 102 which are connected to the primary shaft 42 in the manner previously described.

Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figs. 7 through 10. This embodiment of the invention is comprised of a governor 220 which includes the body 22 that defines the

passageways

24, 26, 28 and 30, the unbalanced

primary throttle plates

38 and 40 which are fixed to the primary shaft 42 in the manner previously described, and the unbalanced secondary throttle plates 156 and .158 which are fixed to the secondary shaft 160 in the manner previously described. However, in this embodiment of the invention, link member 78 is omitted and the closing forces exerted on the

primary throttle plates

38 and 40, at governed speeds, in all positions, are balanced by the reactance mechanism 84, while the closing forces exerted on the

secondary throttle plates

156 and 158 are balanced by a coil spring 278, one end portion of which is pivotally connected by a pin 280 to the collar 76 at a position spaced from the axis of oscillation of the secondary shaft 160 while the opposite end portion is fixed to a pin 281 carried by the body 22. The tension and spring rate of the spring 278 are determined by the characteristics of the particular engine and the particular carburetor with which the governor is associated.

This embodiment of the invention enables the secondary throttle plates to close completely before the primary throttle plates close so that the primary throttle plates control the fuel flow to the engine at governed speeds. In this connection, it is desirable to adjust the spring rate and tension of the spring 278 so that the secondary throttle plates start to close in the range from 85 to 90 percent of brake horsepower output, and to have the secondary throttle plates completely closed at the time the primary throttle plates start to close, so that at governed speeds, the closure forces exerted on the primary throtle plates are balanced by the reactance mechanism 84.

This embodiment of the invention also includes the reactance mechanism '84 and the piston and

cylinder unit

98, 102 previously described.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it vw'll be understood that various changes and modifications may be without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A governor for use with an internal combustion engine carburetor having at least four barrels, said governor comprising, in combination, a body defining at least four fuel mixture passageways adapted to be aligned with the barrels of said carburetor, an unbalanced throttle balanced throttle plates, one of said balanced throttle a 6 plate-mounted in at least one of the fuel mixture passage-f ways defined by said body, additional throttle plates mounted in the remaining fuel mixture passageways de-' fined by said body, said unbalanced throttle plate being adapted to be moved toward the closed position by the flow of fuel through said one passageway, resilient means operatively connected to said unbalanced throttle plate and urging said unbalanced throttle plate toward the open position; and means actuable by said unbalanced throttle plate; and effective to urge said remaining throttle plates toward the openand closed position as a function of the movement of said unbalanced throttle plate.

2. A governor for'use with an internal combustion engine carburetor having at least four barrels, said governor comprising, in combination, a body defining at least four fuel mixture passageways, a pair of unbalanced throttle plates pivotally mounted in two of thefuel mix ture passageways defined by said body, a plurality of plates being pivotally mounted in each of the remaining fuel mixture passageways defined. by said body, said unbalanced throttle plates being adapted to be moved toward the closed position by the flow of fuel through the associated fuel mixture passageways, said balanced throttle plates being substantially unaffected by the flow of fuel through the associated fuel mixture passageways, resilient means operatively connected to said unbalanced throttle plates and urging said unbalanced throttle plates toward the open position, and means operatively interconnecting said unbalanced throttle plates and said balanced throttle plates and elfective to move said balanced throttle plates as a function of the movement of said unbalanced throttle plates.

3. A governor for use with an internal combustion engine carburetor having at least four barrels, said governor comprising, in combination, a body defining at least four fuel mixture passageways adapted to be aligned with the barrels of said carburetor, a plurality of unbalanced throttle plates, one of said unbalanced throttle plates being pivotally mounted in each of the fuel mixture passageways defined by said. body, each of said throttle plates being adapted to be moved toward the closed position by the flow of fuel through the associated fuel mixture passageway, resilient means operatively connected to at least one of said throttle plates and efiiective to urge said one throttle plate toward the open position, and means connecting said one throttle plate with the remaining throttle plates and effective to move said remaining plates as a function of the movement of said one throttle plate.

4. A governor for use with an internal combustion engine carburetor having four barrels, said governor comprising, in combination, a body defining four fuel mixture passageways adapted to be aligned with the barrels of said carburetor, a plurality of unbalanced throttle plates, one of said unbalanced throttle plates being pivotally mounted in each of the fuel mixture passageways defined by said body, each of said throttle plates being adapted to be moved toward the closed position by the fiow of fuel through the associated fuel mixture passageway, resilient means operatively connected to at least one of said throttle plates and effective to urge said one throttle plate toward the open position, and means including link means connecting said one throttle plate with the remaining throttle plates and effective to move said remaining plates as a function of the movement of said one throttle plate.

5. A governor for use with an internal combustion engine carburetor having four barrels including a pair of primary barrels and a pair of secondary barrels, said governor comprising, in combination, a body defining four fuel mixture passageways, a pair of unbalanced throttle plates pivotally mounted in two of the fuel mixture passageways defined by said body and aligned with the primary barrels of said carburetor, a plurality of balanced throttle plates, one of said balanced throttle plates being pivotally mounted in each of the remaining fuel mixture passageways defined by said body and aligned with the secondary barrels of said carburetor, said unbalanced throttle plates being adapted to be moved toward the closed position by the fiow of fuel through the associated fuel mixture passageways, said balanced throttle plates being substantially unaffected by the flow of fuel through the associated fuel mixture passageways, resilient means operatively connected to said unbalanced throttle plates and urging said unbalanced throttle plates toward the open position, and means including link means operatively interconnecting said unbalanced throttle plates and said balanced throttle plates and efiective to move said bal anced throttle plates as a function of the movement of said unbalanced throttle plates.

6. A governor for use with an internal combustion engine carburetor having four barrels, said governor comprising, in combination, a body defining four fuel mixture passageways, a plurality of unbalanced throttle plates, one of said throttle plates being mounted in each of the passageways defined by said body, each of said throttle plates being adapted to be moved toward the closed position by the flow of fuel through the associated fuel mixture passageway, first resilient means operatively connected to two,

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,170,744 Adler Aug. 22, 1939 2,375,479 Langhaar May 8, 1945 2,409,070 Ruby Oct. 8, 1946 2,544,520 Ball Mar. 6,1951- 2,643,672 Laubach June 30, 1953 2,672,156 Lecarmure Mar. 16, 1954 2,807,448 Morton Sept. 24, 1957 2,836,404

Carlson May 27, 1958