US2119248A - Razor - Google Patents

Description

i May 31, 1938.a H. R. svEGL 2,119,248

vRAZOR Filed April 25, 193s 3 `shams-simi 1 Illu INVENTOR H. R. SEGAL May 31,1938.

RAZOR 5 Smets-sheet 2.'

Filed April 25, 1936 ATTO R N EYS May 31, 1938. 4 H, R; SEGAL 2,119,248 l RAZOR Filed April 25; 195s 5 sheets-sheet 5 ,INVENTOR ATTORNEYS Patented May 31, ,193s

UNITED STATES PATENT ol-FlcE 6 Claims.

-This invention relates to a structurally and functionally improved razor, and in its more specific aspects aims to provide an apparatus of this character which will function as a clipping or shearing mechanism.

It is well appreciated by those skilled in the art that numerous attempts have been made to develop a power driven razor. A form which, in certain respects, has been most satisfactory has been that in which a guard has been included for the purpose of being pressed against the skin of the user and which guard has housed a generally reciprocable type of blade. This blade has embraced a large number of teeth or projections, the side edges of whichwere sharpened. The guard has similarly included a large number of spaced elements, each having sharpened edges` which cooperated with the edges of the blade projections, so that as the blade was reciprocated within the guard a shearing action would occur.. Various forms of this apparatus have appeared upon the market, and it has been customary to mount the guard and blade assembly upon a head portion coupled to `a handle. The latter has been hollow and has enclosed a motor which, when energized, has served to reciprocate the blade or otherwise suitably move the same with respect to the guard. j

Aside from other objections, one major di'- culty which has been present in an apparatus of this nature has been that the user, in pressing the guard against the skin, has caused the skin to wrinkle under the guard, as a consequence of which the hair or whiskers have tended to assume positions parallel to the skin surface. -As a result of this4 it has been necessary for the user to repeatedly traverse the skin surface .in order vto effectively remove the stubble. This has served. generally to discredit the apparatus in the Veyes of the public.

It is accordingly an object of the invention to furnish a unit of this character byl means of which the skin will be maintained ina condition such that at points adjacent the guard the hairs or whiskers will be properly presented to the cutting apparatus. Accordingly, the latter will sever the stubble without it being necessary that the voperator traverse a great number of times the surface which is to becleaned.

Still another object is that of providing an apparatus, the use of which will tend to stimulate the skin so Vthat if the latter is in improper condition, repeated use of the apparatus will serve to improve its texture as well as the general firmness of face `ilesh.

Another object is that of providing an improved form of blade mounting' an operating mechanism.

An additional object is that of providing an apparatus which will embody a relatively simple r`construction capable of being manufactured and assembled at a comparatively nominal figure. Moreover, the several units of the apparatus may, with facility, be disassembled for cleaning or renewal purposes, and may thereupon be reassembled by relatively unskilled persons.

' With these and other objects in mind, reference is had to the attachedsheets of drawings illustrating practical embodiments of the invention, and in which: K

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the razor;

Fig. 2 is a sectional side view thereof taken along the lines i-i and in the direction of the arrows as indicated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional bottom plan view taken along the lines t--i and in the direction of the arrows is viewed in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the head unit;4

Fig. 5 is a sectional front view taken along the lines 5-5 and in the direction of the arrows as indicated in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a ltransverse sectional view Vof a head and showing a slightly different form of construction from that illustrated in the preceding views;

Fig. 'l is a perspective view of the blade embodied in the' apparatus illustrated in. Fig. 6

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a different form of head which may be utilized;

Figs. 9 and 10 are sectional views taken along the lines 9 9 and llllll and in the direction of the arrows as indicated in Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of a blade as embodied in the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and Figs. 12, 13, and 14 show' alternative forms of head which may be employed; f

Fig. 15 isa plan view of still another form of head; i

' Fig. 16 is a transversesectional view taken along the lines lli- I6 and in the direction of the arrows as indicated in Fig. 15; and

Fig. 17 shows a further form of driving mechanism which may be associated with the head.

Referring primarily to Figs. v1 to 5, it will be observed that the numeral 2U indicates a handle which may be hollow, and within which a motor A2| may be housed. 01? course, a more remote mum material would normally be present.

member which may take the form of a clutch element 22. The upper end of the handle may define a socket` portion 2 3, into which a casing 24 may extend, and within which it may be locked, for example, by a set-screw or bolt 26.

The casing 24 provides part of the razor head, and is formed with a longitudinal bore 26, which receives a blade body 21. As shown especially inFig. 2, this body is in the form of a tube having an eccentrically disposed bre and formed with a slot 28 in line with the area where mini- Adjacent the slot the body,21 is formed with arcuately extending projections 29, the opposite side edges of which are sharpened to provide cutting edge portions. rather snugly, but care should be taken in machining the parts, so that vthere is no danger of binding between the parts.

The housing 24 at a point adjacent its outer end provides a guard portion which, in the embodiment under consideration, takes the form of a pair of comb portions 30 spaced from each other and presenting comb teeth, the side edges of which are ground or otherwise treated to present cutting edge portions.' While thev blade may be moved in numerous different manners, it is preferred, in the construction as illustrated in Figs. l to 5, that it be moved in an oscillatory manner in a path having an -shaped configuration. To this end, a plate 3l maybe positioned within the housing and rotatably support a shaft 32, the endv of which presents an eccentrically disposed pin 33 riding withiny an opening 34 formed in the blade body 21. The shaft 32 has its lower end terminating in a clutch element 36, cooperative with the portion or element 22 when the parts are assembled. Consequently, with the motor or other driving element operating, the blade body 21 will be oscillated around its axis and at the same time reciprocated within bore 26. Consequently, the edges of the comb teeth and projections 29 will cooperate to effect a shearing action on hair which enters the spaces between the teeth' of the combs and extends below the same to a degree suficient for the cooperating edge portions or projections 23 to act thereon, In this connection, it is, of course, to

, be appreciated that a minimum of material is to be left adjacent the. outer end of the guard, so that the shearing structure may cooperate to maximum advantage with the hair to be removed. Additionally, as illustrated, the end of bore 26 may be closed by a cap 36, which latter may be removed for the purpose of permitting a discharge of any matter accumulated within such bore, and especially within the hollow portion of the blade body.

It is one of the primary objects of the present invention to assure a maximum of coaction between the shaving implement and the surface which is to be cleaned. To this end, it is proposed to tension 'such surface. While-within the purview of the present invention-structures may be devised which extend adjacent the shearing zone and which will not be power driven to effect this result, it is preferred that a power driven mechanism be employed. To this end, as shown especially in Figs. 2 and 5, the plate 31 may mount a shaft 31, which extends beyond the housing 24. At this point the shaft supports a worm 33. Extending adjacent the worm, and

exterior-ly of the housing, .is a shaft 33, which 1 mounts at its lower end a gear 43, to be driven 'Ihe blade body fits the bore 26 39 supports a worm '4| which meshes with the teeth of gears 42, disposed one to each side of the shaft 39 and adjacent the upper end there- Yof. 'I'hese gears are mounted upon housing 24, and their teleth mesh with the teeth of gears 43,

carried by shafts 44, rotatablysupported in ex, tensions 46, forming a part of the housing 24. These shafts carry rollers 46 at points in line with the shearing structure, and it is here to be understood that these rollers may be of any desired diameter and formed of any convenient material. Finally, it will be noted that with a view to driving shaft 31, the latter presents adjacent its inner end a gear 41, the teeth of which are engaged by a roller 46'secured to shaft 32.

As a consequence of this construction, it will be appreciated that as shaft 32 rotates, shaft 31 will be driven to drive shaft 39, and accordingly rotate rollers 46. The direction of rotation of the rollers will be opposed and outwardly. Consequently, an operator pressing the head of the apparatus against a surface to be shaved, will nd that the rollers will tend to stretch and tension the'area of skin between the same. In view of this, the stubble will tend to remain in a position substantially perpendicular to the surface of the skin, and will thus be engaged by the shearing mechanism and severed from the surface. Moreover, as the apparatus is moving 'over the surface, it will necessarily be found that the surface to be shaved is quickly cleaned. Re-

moval of the cap 36 permits any severed hair within .the bore vof 'the bladeto be readily removed. Thus, an extremely eiiicient and desirable form of mechanism is provided.

If, instead of an oscillatory movement, a straight reciprocation of the blade with respect to the guard structure is desired, this may be achieved by, for example, using the structure illustrated in Figs. 6 and '1. In these views a mechanism similar to that aforedescribed is presented. However, a pin 46" is associated with the lhousing 24 and rides within a groove 46 formed in the blade body 21. Accordingly, the crank 33, in turning, reciprocates within a transverse groove 66 formed in such body and causes the latter to merely reciprocate.

Now referring to the form of construction; illustrated in Figs. 8 to 1l, it will be observed that there is illustrated a shaving apparatus which is of especial utility for use in removing hair from inaccessible surfaces such as from under the arm-pits and other concave surfaces. To this end, the operating surface of the razor presents an outer configuration corresponding to a fragment of a sphere. As illustrated, it includes a guard 5I in the form of a convex body, and

-one edge portion of which is preferably shaped to provide a comb portion 62, the teeth edges of which 4are sharpened to present shearing surfaces. 'I'his body may have a central stud 63, which serves to movably mount a blade 66 in spaced relationship to the guard 6I. This blade, as especially shown in Fig. 11, has teeth 66, the side edges of which are sharpened or beveled to cooperate to maximum advantage with the adjacent surfaces of. the comb projections. The blade may be formed with a central opening through which fastening elements such as screws 58 may extend. The blade is also-formed with an opening 58 within which `a pin 59 rides. VThis pin is ecc-entrically mounted upon the end of a shaft 69 housed within the body or handle 6I ofthe guard. The inner end of the shaft is coupled to a universal joint 62, which may in turn be coupled to a shaft 63 mounted, for example,

in anti-friotional bearings 64 and having, if desired, a clutch part 65, by means of Vwhich it may be coupled to an immediately adjacent motor or to a remote source of power drive. The blade is overlain by a plate 66 through which the fastening elements 58 extend and which plate serves not alone to protect the shearing edge of the blade but also functions to maintain the blade against accidental displacement.

`It is obvious in operation that, due to the fact that the blade is in effect a spherical section, an element is presented which will readily cooperate to maximum advantage with surfaces which are r normally inaccessible. Rotation of the clutch element 65 or its equivalent 'causesthe pin 59 to move through a circular path, thus oscillating the blade 55 to exert a shearing effect. If desired and as illustrated, the `blade 66 may have a pin 61 which extends into a recess centrally disposed with reference to the boss 53 and serving to main-` tain the parts in assembled relationship.

Now referring to the form of apparatus shown in Fig. 12, it will be noted that a' handle has been indicated at 68 and with which a head may be removably associated. This head includes a guard and face contactingportion 69 corresponding to portion 30 heretofore described and below which a blade may be moved in any suitable Vmanner. Rollers are mounted at points beyond the guard 69 and are driven by gears 1l meshing with the teeth of gears 12.- The latter are driven by a roller 13 secured to a shaft 14.v 'I'his shaft has a worm-wheel 15 coupled to it, and which 'I'his form of wheel is driven by a worm 16. drive corresponds generally to the drive heretofore described in connection with Figs. 1 to '7. However, it will be observed that by the construction proposed in Fig. 12, the gears'may be disposed to a maximum extent so that there will be little if any danger of their catching in the hair or skin. Of coursefunder any circumstances itis proposed to properly encase these gears, al-

; though for the sake of simplicitythis has not been illustrated in the drawings.

In the form of apparatus shown in Fig. 13,

' substantially the same construction as illustrated in Fig. 12 has been employed. However, it will primarily be observed in this view that the housing or head 11 is angularly offset with respect to the handle. Certain users desire that the. guard or skin contacting surface be thus exposed, and it is with this in mind that. this construction has been adopted. It is, of course, apparent that, under these circumstances, a form ofuniversal joint 18 should preferably be employed to couple the motor shaft or continuation'thereof to the drive shaft associated with the head. Also, .the clutch element 19 extending from the latter shaft should preferably be guided as, for example, by a vconning member 80. As illustrated, the blade maybe mounted merely for reclprocation inthe manner heretofore described in connection with' Figs. 6 'and 7. Also', it will be understood that the blade might be moved in any desired manner. In the form of apparatus shown in Fig. 14,

between this roller andthe remote edge of theI guard. Thus, the numeral .8l indicates a roller which by means of gears 82 and 83 may be turned with respect to the raor head. In common with the constructions previously described, the gear 83 may be turnedby a worm 84 mounted by a shaft 85, in turn supporting a worm-wheel 86 driven by a worm 81.

Now referring tothe apparatus as illustrated in Figs. 16 and 1'1, it will be noted that in-this view the rollers have been dispensed with, although it will be equally apparent that rollers might be employed if this were desired. In lieu of the vrollers a double guard yand cutting mechanisrn has been employed, and these guards may be arranged in tangential planes so as to cooperate to best advantage with the surface to be shaved. In these views, the numeral 88 indicates a drive shaft which serves to rotate a pin 89 through av circular path. This pin ridesin a groove corresponding to the construction presented in Figs. 6, '1 and 13 and which forms a part of a blade body 98 disposed within a guard structure 9|.

The housing providing this structure is continued as at 92 to form the second guard structure, and the latter may also present a bore to receive a blade 'body 93 which, if desired, may be constantly pressed to proper position as, for example,

under the urging of a resilientl' supported block 94. A simultaneous driving of both blades may vbe -ass'ured in a number of different manners. For example, as shown, a slot may exist between the adjacent blade'surfaces and Ithrough the housing, this slot accommodatinga pin 95 rigidly 'secured to the blade `body 99 and coupling the same against movement with respect to the blad body 93.

Thus, asthe drive is operated, both blades will be moved in unison. The guard structures will successively traverse a surface to be shaved, and

in thisn manner stubble will be removed Aata materially accelerated rate.

driveincludes a shaft 95 rotatably supported adjacent the side face of head 96 and driven by a worm-wheel 91. This shaft, adjacent its upper end, `carries a, worm` 98, theV teeth of which mesh with gears 99, coupled to shafts secured to rollers |08. It is apparent that as the parts are driven, the rollers will be moved in opposite directions, to thus tension theskin. 4

While in the preceding views, for the sake of avoiding undue prolixity and illustration, various alternative forms of construction have not been illustrated, it will be apparent that within the purview of the appended claims various types of claimed is:

1. A razor including a head, a severing mecha- "nism associated with said head, rotatable surface tensioning mechanism also associated with said head and arranged in advance and to the rear of the same, means for rotating the diiferent 'tensioning means'in opposed and outward directions with respect to said head, and means com- .mon to said last named means and said severing mechanism i'or simultaneously operating the Same.

2. A razor including a head, a shearing mecha-v nism associated with saidhead and movable with respect thereto, drive means extending within said head and connected Vto said mechanism to move the latter with respect to said head, a pair of rotatable surface tensioning elements disposed adjacent said head and in advance and to therear of said mechanism, means common to said elements for rotating the same in opposed directions, and means connecting said last named driving means to said ilrst named drive within said head.

3. A razor including a head, a shearing mechanism associated therewith, a motor for constantly operating said mechanism,'rotatable means movably coupled to said head and to contact and tena,11o,a4a

sion a surface 'from which hair isio be removed by tact and tension a surface from which hair is vto be removed, and a motor connected to both said f mechanism and roller to cause the operating sur- -face of the latter to constantly move in a direction away from said mechanism and to also constantly operate said mechanism.v

6. A razor including a head, a shearing mechanisml associated therewith, apair of rollers movably mounted in advance and to the rear of said mechanism and to contact and tension a surface. from which hair is to be removed, and a motor connected to both said rollers and mechanism for constantly operating al1 o1- the same.

I-IYMAN R. SEGAL.

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