US2118807A

US2118807A - Dyeing apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2118807A
Application number: US62678A
Authority: US
Inventors: Carter Dick; Cuthbert-Smith Austin Godwin; Jackson Harry; Rendell Leslie Paige; Thomas Harry Augustus
Original assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Current assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date: 1935-05-07
Filing date: 1936-02-06
Publication date: 1938-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 1955-05-31

Description

HY 3L 1938. D. CARTER ET AL ZMS? I DYENG APPARATUS Filed Feb. 6, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet l A Mdm? May 31, 1938. D. CARTER ET Al.

DYEING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 6, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 31, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFiCE DYEIN G APPARATUS Application February 6, 1936, Serial No. 62,678 In Belgium May 7, 1935 2 Claims.

This invention relates to dyeing apparatus; and it comprises a dyeing apparatus having a tank adapted to hold a body of dye liquor, means for passing a web of fabric through the liquor in 5 the tank, and means in the tank for directing streams of gas through the dye liquor toward the web across its width, to insure rapid and thorough penetration and movement of dye liquor into and in the web; all as more fully hereinafter set forth and as claimed.

It has long been standard dyehouse practice to conduct dyeing in vessels heated by perforated steam coils through which steam is introduced directly into the dye liquor. In the liquor immediately surrounding and adjacent to the perforations a certain throbbing and directed streaming of dye liquor may be produced, but both throbbing and streaming are not in the active sphere of dyeing, i. e, within the fabric.

In dyeing cloth, difficulty is often experienced in securing uniform and rapid penetration of the cloth by the dye. Attempts have been made to solve this problem by mechanically agitating the whole body of liquor in the tank in one way or another. However, in most cases agitation of the liquor body produces but little action on the liquor in the cloth and moreover many such expedients produce a circulation or swirling in the free body of dye liquor. Such effects we have found objectionable.

The effectiveness of the improved apparatus of the present invention is not dependent on circulation of the dye liquor but is dependent on the bombardment of the fabric with bubbling dye 55 liquor. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for use in the dyeing of piece goods made from animal, vegetable or artificial fibres, particularly closely woven or felted material at atmospheric pressure in a dye io liquor in which a throbbing and streaming is caused to take place actually within the pores or interstices of the material to be dyed. Thus,

when dyeing is proceeding, i. e. at the surface of the fibre within the fabric there appears to be set up a pulsating hydraulic pressure of the entire dye liquor, while at the same time swirling is preferably avoided. The diierence in hydraulic pressure on the two sides of the fabric is produced by a controlled and directed bubbling 50 of air, o1` steam admixed with air, o1' a suitable inert gas.

By the use of the apparatus of the invention there is obtained a more thorough and rapid penetration of the fabric and simultaneously a 5 more rapid and complete exhaustion of the dyebath and, with many classes of dyestuffs, an im- All classes of dyestuffs may be device Comprising one or more series of pipes fixed in staggered arrangement relatively to the line of feed of the fabric between them, the said pipes being at a distance of not more than six inches from the fabric passing between them and having perforations therein adapted for admission of air or steam or a mixture of both so as to set up a turbulence of dye liquor and a difference of dye liquor pressure on either side of the fabric.

The invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross section of a dyeing tank along the line I-I of Figure 2. Figure 2 is an end cross section along the line 2-2 of Figure l.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross section of a modified dyeing tank along the line 3-3 of Figure 4, and Figure 4 is an end cross section on the line 4-4 of Figure 3.

Figures 1 and 2 show a tank adaptable for dyeing piece goods of limited length, and Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a tank for use in dyeing strips of unlimited length, such as is customary in the trade.

Referring in general to Figures 1 to 4 in which like reference characters refer to like parts, the dyeing machine consists of a tank I0 adapted to contain a bath of dye liquor I I and having mounted on the top thereof a rotating roller or winch I2 (Figs. 1 and 2) driven by a pulley I3. In the device of Figs. 3 and 4 the roller is shown as of slatted construction and is denoted by 32. The fabric I4 in the form of a continuous chain is circulated through the dye liquor by means of the roller Winch and passes between two spaced pipes I5 and I6, provided with a series of perforations II facing the fabric as shown. A suitable arrangement of guide rollers such as is shown by 20 in Figures 1 and 2, and by 2l, 22 and 23 in Figures 3 and 4 is provided to ensure a smooth and even movement of the fabric through the dye liquor. The pipes I5 and I5 are so fixed one on each side of the fabric that they are substantially parallel to its face and at right angles to the selvedge. They are further set at such an agle with respect to the perforations that the axes of the perforations of one pipe are not in the same plane as the axes of the perforations of the other pipe. The perforations face the fabric, and air or steam or a mixture of both is forced through so that the fabric as it passes between the pipes is bornbarded with bubbling liquor. Since the pipes are xed as described the hydraulic pressure on one side does not neutralize the pressure on the other side, and consequently an extremely effective` penetration of the dye liquor through the fabric is ensured. The perforations may conveniently be one inch apart, and the pipes about two inches distant from the fabric. The dye liquor is kept hot by closed steam coils 2li, which may if desired be fixed in a portion of the dyebath separated from the main body of the trough by a perforated partition indicated at 25 in Figure 4. In the showing of Fig. 3, the partition is omitted for the sake of clarity.

We claim:

1. In apparatus for use in dyeing piece goods and having a tank adapted to hold a body of dye liquor and means for continuously feeding fabric through the dye liquor and means for maintaining temperature control of the dye liquor, means for continuously bombarding the fabric with dye liquor comprising at least one pair of pipes mounted in the tank in staggered arrangement relative to the line of feed of the fabric and on opposite sides of the fabric, the `pipes being spaced from the fabric at a distance of not more than about six inches, and having perforations therein on the sides facing the fabric and adapted for injection of air or steam under pressure into the dye liquor so as to set up a turbulence of the dye liquor and a difference of dye liquor pressure on either side of the fabricand means for supplying the pipes with air or steam under pressure.

2. Apparatus for dyeing a web comprising a tank adapted to hold a body of dye liquor, means for passing a web of fabric through the liquor in the tank, conduit means on the tank on each side of the Web extending along the Width thereof, and spaced apart in the direction of passage of the Web, the conduit means being orificed at intervals along the length thereof adjacent the web, and means for supplying a gas under pressure to the' conduit means, so as to cause jets of dye liquor and air to impinge on the fabric with bubbles rising along the surface, producing iluctuating, localized areas of differential pressure across the fabric, thereby insuring rapid and thorough penetration of dye liquor.

DICK CARTER.

AUSTIN GODWIN CUTHBERT-SMITH. HARRY JACKSON.

LESLIE PAIGE RENDELL.

HARRY AUGUSTUS THOMAS.