US2117557A - Typographical machine - Google Patents

Description

.1. H. HILPMAN TYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE Filed y 2 1936 3 $heets-Sheet 1 I INVENTOR BY 03/ I Z 2 2 I A r omvaxs' May 17, 193%,

J. H. HILPMAN TYPOGRAPHI CAL MACHI NE lgled July 25, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 m M q w mm A TTORNE VS May 17, 1938. J H H N 2,117,557.

TYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE Filed y 5. 1956 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR A TTORNE X) Patented May 17, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE Application July 25, 1936, Serial- No. 92,563

Claims.

This invention relates to typographical machines, such as linotypemachines of the general organization represented in United States Letters Patent to O. Mergenthaler, No. 436,532,

wherein circulating matrices are released from a magazine in. the order in which their characters are to appear in print, then assembled in line, the composed line transferred to the face of a slotted mold, the mold filled with molten metal toforma'slug or linotype against the matrices which produce the typecharacters thereon, and the matrices thereafter returned through distributing mechanism to the magazine from which they started.

In these machines, the composed line is transferred from the assembling channel or elevator into 'thecasting channel or so-called first elevator by means of a horizontally movable carriage comprising a slide or body portion and a pair of line engaging fingers, one short and the other long. The short right hand finger is fixed to the carriage slide, while thelong left hand finger is loosely mounted with reference thereto, the latterflnger-being ordinarily provided with a friction device which tends to hold it stationary. As the transfer carriage is thus constructed, the composed line-is advanced to the left by the right hand finger, and in its advance picks up the left hand finger and-carries it along therewith, it beingunderstood that the frictional resistance offered to themovemen't of the left hand fingerpis overcome by the power applied to operate the carriage. In the return movement of the carriage, the-left hand finger is restored to the right by the customary adjustable stop on the carriage slidewhich locates it at the proper distance from the right hand finger. The loose mounting of the left hand finger isintended pri marily to enable the transfer carriage to accommodate itself to short lines, that is to say, lines shorter than that for which thetwo fingers areadjusted. Thus, when a short line is delivered to the transfer carriage, the leading matrix of. the line necessarily stands some distance away from the left hand finger, but this distanceis immediatelytaken up during theinitial movement of the transfer carriage, due to the fact that the left hand finger is held "at rest until picked up by the advancing line. In this way,- the two fingers are caused to approach each other and: confine the line between them, reliance being placed upon the above mentioned friction device to maintain the fingers in this condition until the line is taken from the carriage by the first elevator.

This construction requires that the force for overcoming the resistance of the friction device which tends to hold the left hand fingerstationary be transmitted through the composed. line, and. it has. been found in practice that because of the relative movement which takes place between the matrices as they are transferred, as for instance, when the matrices do not stand in proper horizontal alinement, considerable wear occurs on the projecting ears of the matrices, resulting. in their rapid deterioration. This-is particularly noticeable in. those machines. in which the matrices are caused. to pursue an inclined path in the course of their travel from the assembling elevator to. the first elevator- -see for example the pending application of Richard R Mead, Serial No. 86,590, filed June 22, 1936.

The present improvements are intended .to overcome the foregoing and other objections and provide means for positively moving the left hand finger directly by the carriage slide dur- 'ing the transfer of the line, thus relieving the line of. the pressure necessary to overcome the resistance: offered by. the frictiondevice with which: the left hand finger is provided. The requisite pressure for maintaining the matrices properly compacted in line during transfer is supplied by a light leaf spring mounted on the long left hand finger and which is adequate for the purpose. In the embodiment illustrated, the left hand finger is equipped with a pawl normally held out of engagement with the teethon the carriage slide by a trip lever adapted in the course of transfer of theline to releasethe pawl and permit it toengage directly with. the carriage slide. Consequently, when the slide is moved to the left in the transfer of the line to the first elevator, the left hand finger is moved by the carriage slide itself, and not through the line of matrices, as heretofore. As the transfer carriage reaches the end of its line delivery stroke, the pawl is disengaged from the slide, so that upon the return stroke of the latter, the left hand fingerwill remain stationary until it is picked up by the adjustable stop which, as usual, determines the normal setting of the left hand finger forlines of a given measure.

If the line to be transferred is of the proper length for which the fingers are set, the trip lever will be actuatedwand the pawl engaged with the carriage slide when the composed line is raised between the two carriage fingers and beforethere has been any relative movement between the carriage slide and the left hand finger. However, in the event that a line shorter than that for which the fingers are set is positioned between them, the right hand finger will move the composed line toward the friotionally held left hand finger, resulting in a relative movement between the carriage slide and the left hand finger, but as soon as the leading matrix of the composed line actuates the trip lever, the pawl is released and the left hand finger instantly connected directly to the carriage slide, and this before any movement can be imparted to the left hand finger through the medium of the line itself.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a portion of a linotype machine equipped with the present improvements;

Fig. 2 is a similar view on an enlarged scale of the line transfer carriage and associated parts, and showing the trip lever after it has released the slide engaging pawl;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view on line 4-4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the left hand finger and a portion of the carriage slide, and showing the position of the slide engaging pawl before it has been released by the trip lever; and

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view through the slide block that supports the left hand finger.

The matrices X and the spacebands Y are delivered in the usual way into an assembling elevator A, wherein they are composed in line. After composition, the elevator is raised into registration with an intermediate channel B and the composed line transported therethrough into the casting or first elevator C, which thereupon descends topresent the line to a casting mold D,

carried as usual, by a rotatable mold disc D Thereupon, the casting operation follows. The shifting of the composed line from the assembling elevator to the casting elevator is effected by means of a so-called transfer carriage comprising a horizontal slide or body portion B and two line engaging fingers B and B The slide is supported at its ends by a pair of blocks B and B mounted in guideways B (Fig. 4) in the front frame of the machine and is moved to-and-fro by a power operated lever (not shown) but which is connected to the slide through the medium of a link B (Fig. 3). The right hand finger B is rigidly secured to the slide, whereas the left hand finger is loosely mounted with reference thereto, being attached to a separate block B slidably arranged in the guideways B and having a guide rod B passing loosely through an opening in the other finger. The setting of the left hand finger from the right hand finger is determined by an adjustable stop 13 carries by the slide and which is adapted to abut against the sliding block B in the line receiving position of the carriage (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3). The stop B is held in its adjusted position by a finger operated pawl b which cooperates with ratchet teeth b formed in the front face of the slide. The finger B or more specifically the sliding block B on which it is carried, is provided with a friction device in the form of a spring pressed plunger B bearing against the smooth face of the ma= chine frame just above the guideway (see Fig. 4).

The foregoing parts and their mode of operation are substantially as shown and described in the Rogers Patent No. 795,936, or as may be found in the commercial machines. In the commercial machines, when the transfer carriage is moved to the left for the transfer of the composed line, the left hand finger is held at rest by the plunger B until the leading matrix in the line is carried against it by the advance of the right hand finger, whereupon the left hand finger is carried along by the composed line until the carriage reaches its line delivery position, it being understood, of course, that the power applied to advance the carriage is sufiicient to overcome the frictional resistance of the plunger. When this power is transmitted through the composed line of matrices, considerable pressure is exerted upon the ends of the line, and if the matrices for any reason during their transfer find it necessary to move relatively one to another, excessive wear on their projecting ears is bound to result.

Such relative movement takes place as a result of the matrices and spacebands not always being in perfect horizontal alinement during their travel from the assembler A to the first elevator C, or in the event the first elevator and assembler elevator are slightly out of alinement with'the line transfer channel. As is well known in machines of this character, the matrices X are equipped with lower projecting ears as and upper projecting ears whereas the spacebands are equipped only with upper projecting ears y. During assembly, the matrices are supported by their lower projecting ears as, either at the lower level on a horizontal rail A or at the upper level on a retractable rail A The spacebands are supported by their ears 7 during assembly on a pair of horizontal members A with which the assembler is equipped at the top.

The intermediate transfer channel is formed with a pair of opposed upper rails H on which the matrices composed at the lower level are supported by their upper ears x and below with a pair of opposed narrower rails H on which the matrices composed at the upper level are supported by their lower ears :r. The lower ears ac of the matrices supported at the lower level pass beneath the lower rails H during their passage through the transfer channel. Should the assembler elevator be slightly lower than the transfer channel, the matrices composed at the lower level will, as they pass into the intermediate transfer channel, be cammed upwardly by the engagement of their upper ears with upwardly inclined surfaces H formed at the top of the upper rails H at their leading ends. If the matrices composed at said level are somewhat high, they will be cammed downwardly by the engagement of their lower ears with downwardly inclined surfaces H formed at the bottom of the lower rails H With regard to the matrices composed at the upper level, they will, under similar conditions, be cammed upwardly by the engagement of their lower ears with upwardly inclined surfaces H formed at the top of the lower rail or downwardly by the engagement of said ears with downwardly inclined surfaces H at the bottom of the upper rails.

The spacebands are guided in the intermediate channel in a pair of opposed recesses H the bottoms of which support the matrices by their ears 7!. Since the spacebands too, may be either too high or too low as they enter the transfer channel, the top and bottom surfaces of the recesses at their leading ends are inclined down wardly and upwardly as at H and H so that the spacebands by the engagement of their ears y with said surfaces will be cammed downwardly or upwardly as the case requires.

Similar provision is made for effecting the proper transfer of the composed line from the intermediate channel to the first elevator. The first elevator is equipped with a pair of opposed upper rails 0 one in each of the front and back 1 side walls and in which the matrices composed at the lower level are supported by their upper projecting ears 06 These rails are inclined upwardly at their entrance ends, as at C for the same reason as the corresponding rails at the entrance end of the intermediate channel. Lower down the front wall of the first elevator is formed with a recess C and the usual retractable rail C on which the matrices composed at the upper level are supported by their lower ears, and here too, the upper face of the recess, as well as the upper face of the retractable rail at the entrance end of the elevator, are inclined downwardly and upwardly respectively, as at C and C to insure the proper entrance of the matrices.

Opposed recesses C similar to those in the intermediate channel and near the top of the first elevator, accommodate the ears y of the spacebands, and the top and bottom .faces of these recesses are inclined downwardly and upwardly, as at C and C, at the entrance end, as in, the case of the corresponding recesses in the line delivery channel.

It will now be apparent that should relative movement take place between the matrices and spacebands, it will be brought about as a result of the camming action between the inclined surfaces and the projecting ears of the matrices and spacebands and, if considerable pressure is exerted on the ends of the composed line, as will be the case if the line must transmit the force necessary to overcome the resistance of the plunger B the excessive wear on the projecting ears of the matrices and spacebands, previously alluded to, will result.

According to this invention, the left hand finger B during transfer of the line, is connected positively to the carriage slide B, so that it is moved directly by the latter instead of through the composed line of matrices, as heretofore. This is accomplished (see Figs. 4 and 5) by the provision of a pawl E carried by the slide block B and equipped with a nose portion E adapted to engage between one pair or another of the ratchet teeth b in the slide B prior to the movement of the finger B to the left. The engagement of the pawl E being automatic, it is arranged for limited fore-and-aft movement into and out of engaging relation with the slide. The pawl includes a fiat body portion E the top surface of which engages an overlying portion of the slide block 13 and the underside of which rests upon underlying portions b of said block. Adjacent its front end, the pawl is cut away or reduced in width, so as to present a shoulder E arranged to bank against a depending portion 73 of the slide block B which thus limits the movement of the pawl in a forward direction. The reduced front portion E of the pawl E slides in a rectangular slot b formed in the slide block 3*, so that the pawl is properly supported and guided at its front end, whereas the main body portion of the pawl E slides in a transverse notch b in the rod 3*, whereby it is properly guided at its rear end (see Fig. 6). The pawl is further equipped at the rear with an upstanding vertical portion E presenting the nose E previously alluded to, and with a rearwardly extending portion E terminating in a vertical finger E the purpose of which will presently appear. In addition, the pawl is formed with two' depending. fingers E and E", that at the rear being acted upon by a leaf spring I) screwed'to the slide block B and which urges the pawl rearwardly, and that at the front normally standing in front of a nose portion F presented at the upper end of a vertically arranged trip lever F pivoted in the left hand finger B and which serves to hold the pawl E out of engagement with theslide B The lever F normally is retained in its pawl holding position by a leaf spring F fastened to the finger B and which engages at its upper end against a protrusion F formed on said lever just below its pivot point. Likewise, when the lever is in this position, an offset portion F at its lower end, engages a second leaf spring F to hold the latter at the top away from the finger B the spring F being secured at its lower end to the finger B on its inner or line engaging face.

According to the foregoing arrangement, when a full line of matrices is raised by the assembler A to the transfer level, the leading matrix at the left engages the leaf spring F and cams it to the left, tripping the lever F and releasing the pawl E, which latter immediately moves rearwardly under the influence of the leaf springb As a result, the nose portion E on thepawl engages between a pair of ratchet teeth b on the slide B so that when the slide is actuated to the left to transfer the line, the left hand finger B is moved directly by the slide rather than through the composed line. When the pawl E is thus engaged with the slide B the foremost depending finger E thereon (see Figs. 2, 3 and 4) stands at the left of and in the path of the trip lever F and consequently will prevent the lever from returning at this time to its normal position. The parts will remain in this relation throughout the transfer of the composed line from the assembler through the intermediate channel into the first elevator.

From what has been said, it will be apparent that the only pressure exerted on the ends ofthe composed line during its transfer is that resulting from the leaf spring F and, in some cases, from the short leaf spring F the latter spring being effective in applying pressure on the line in those cases where the line is long enough to swing the trip lever F by an amount more than sufficient to clear the depending finger E on the pawl. In this connection, it will be noted that the left hand finger B in its inner face, is cut away to allow the offset portion F at the lower end of the lever F to seat in the finger and stand flush with the inner surface thereof. line, during the transfer, is relieved of all pressure that otherwise would be necessary for overcoming the frictional resistance offered by the plunger B", the matrices, should the occasion arise, may partake of relative sliding movement with respect to each other without undue wear on their projecting ears.

If a composed line, shorter than that for which the fingers B and B are set, is elevated to the transfer position, the parts will operate in the same way, except that the operation will not take place until the right hand finger has moved the leading matrix of the line into contact with the spring F and caused the lever F to release the pawl E in the manner just described. The resistance offered by the friction device B will be more than enough to hold the left hand finger B stationary until it is locked to the carriage slide B After the line has been transferred to the first Since the iii elevator C and prior to the return of the transfer slide, the pawl E, and consequently the left hand finger B is disengaged from the slide B in order that the finger will remain stationary until it is picked up by the adjustable stop B to insure its proper setting to receive the next line.

The disengagement of the pawl E is effected through the medium of a long bar G (see Figs. 2, 3 and 4) mounted at its ends on the blocks B and B of the carriage slide B through the medium of a pair of pin and slot connections G and G The slots are angularly disposed, so that when the bar G is moved to the right relatively to the slide B it will move forwardly into engagement with the finger E on the pawl E to shift the latter out of engagement with the slide, whereas when the bar is moved to the left relatively to said slide during the initial return stroke of the slide, it will return rearwardly into normal position, where it stands clear of the pawl. The normal position of the bar G is maintained by a tension spring G connected to the bar at its right end and having an anchorage in the right hand slide block B but when the transfer slide reaches the end of its delivery stroke, i. e., when the line has been transferred into the first elevator, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 1, a depending finger G on the bar G banks against the customary carriage arresting set screw G threaded into the front frame of the machine at the left end of the guideway B actuating the bar G to the right relatively to the slide B and against the tension of the spring G with the result that the bar is moved forwardly to disengage the pawl E from the slide in the manner just described. The descent of the first elevator with the composed line frees the trip lever F which immediately, under the action of the leaf spring F engages in front of the depending finger E on the pawl to hold the latter disengaged from the slide, so that the finger B will remain stationary until it is picked up by the adjusting block B upon the return movement of the slide. As the line transfer slide commences its return stroke, the bar G is released and is returned to its normal position under the influence of the spring G the pawl E thus being freed for engagement with the slide when the next line is delivered to the transfer carriage. Since the bar G extends the full length of the slide B it will, of course, cooperate with the pawl E in any position of adjustment of the left hand finger. The pawl engaging portion of the bar G is somewhat narrower than the ends thereof, merely for the purpose of clearance, the wider ends being necessary in order that the slots G and G will have SlliTlCiGIlt length to allow the bar the necessary throw to effect the disengagement of the pawl from the slide.

It will now be seen that all of the pressure on the composed line, which would otherwise be exerted if the frictional resistance of the plunger B had to be overcome, is entirely removed, so that the matrices if necessary can move relatively to each other without undue Wear, being held as they are, only under relative light spring pressure.

In the accompanying drawings, the invention has been shown merely by way of example and in preferred form, and obviously, many variations and modifications may be made therein which will still be comprised within its spirit. It is to be understood, therefore, that the invention is not limited to any specific form or embodiment, except insofar as such limitations are specified in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means operated by the composed line for establishing a motion transmitting connection between the movable finger and the carriage for movement thereby independently of the line in the line transfer operation.

2. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including devices carried by the movable finger and acting automatically to establish a motion transmitting connection between said finger and the carriage for movement thereby independently of the line in the line transfer operation.

3. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means operated by the composed line for establishing a motion transmitting connection between the movable finger and the carriage for movement thereby independently of the line in the line transfer operation, and means for unlocking the finger from the carriage when the line transfer operation has been completed.

4. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including devices carried by the movable finger and acting automatically to establish a motion transmitting connection between said finger and the carriage for movement thereby independently of the line in the line transfer operation, and means for unlocking the finger from the carriage when the line transfer operation has been completed.

5. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having a toothed slide and two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said slide and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including devices associated with the movable finger and automatically operated to engage the teeth in the slide to lock the finger thereto for movement thereby independently of the line in the line transfer operation, said locking devices serving to establish a motion transmitting connection between the movable finger and the slide.

6. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having a toothed slide and two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said slide and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including devices associated with the movable finger and operated by the composed line to engage the teeth in the slide to lock the movable finger thereto for movement thereby independently of the line in the line transfer operation, said loo "ng devices serving to establish a motion transmitting connection between the movable finger and the slide.

7. In a typographical composing machine, the

. chine at the end ofthe linetransfer operation for combination with a movable line transfer carriage having a toothed slide and two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said slide and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including a pawl associated with the movable finger and adapted to engage the teeth in the slide to lock the movable finger thereto, said pawl in the normal position of the transfer carriage being held out of engagement with the slide, and automatically operated means to effect the engagement of the pawl with the slide prior to the movement of the movable finger in the line transfer operation.

8. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having a toothed slide and two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including a pawl associated with the movable finger and adapted to engage teeth in the slide to lock the finger thereto, said pawl in the normal position of the transfer carriage being held out of engagement with the slide, and means operated by the composed line to effect the engagement of the pawl with the slide prior to the movement of the movable finger in the line transfer operation.

9. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including trip mechanism operated by the composed line for locking the movable finger to the carriage prior to any movement of said finger during the line transfer operation.

10. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having a toothed slide and two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including a pawl associated with the movable finger and adapted to engage the teeth in the slide to lock said finger to the transfer carriage, trip mechanism normally holding the pawl out of engagement with the slide, and automatic means for operating said mechanism to allow the pawl to engage the slide prior to any movement of the finger in the line transfer operation.

11. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having a toothed slide and two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including a pawl asso ciated with the movable finger and adapted to engage the teeth in the slide to lock said finger to the transfer carriage, and trip mechanism normally holding the pawl out of, engagement with the slide, said trip mechanism being operable by the composed line to allow the pawl to engage the slide prior to any movement of the finger in the line transfer operation.

12. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means operated by the composed line for locking the movable finger to the carriage prior to its movement in the line transfer operation, and means carried by the transfer carriage and adapted to cooperate with a fixed part of the maunlocking the finger from the carriage.

13. Ina typographical composing machine, the

combination with a movable line transfer carriage having a toothed slide and two fingers to,

engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of. means including a pawl associated with the movable finger and adapted to engage the toothed slide for locking the movable finger to the slide prior to any movement of the movable finger in the line transfer operation, automatic means for effecting such engagement of the pawl, and automatic means for disengaging the pawl from the slide at the end of the line transfer operation.

14. A combination according to claim 13, wherein the automatic means for effecting the disengagement of the pawl includes a member carried by the transfer carriage and operated by co-acting with a fixed part of the machine at the end of. the. line transfer operation.

15. A combination according to claim 13, wherein the automatic means for effecting the disengagement of the pawl includes a shiftable member carried. by the transfer carriage and adapted upon operation to move the pawl out of engagement with the slide, and a fixed stop on the machine and against which the shiftable member banks at the end of the line transfer operation.

16. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having a toothed slide and two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including a pawl associated with the movable finger and adapted to engage the teeth in the slide to lock the movable finger thereto, trip mechanism normally holding the pawl out of engagement with the slide, automatic means for operating said mechanism prior to any movement of the finger in the line transfer operation, and automatic means for restoring the pawl under the control of the trip mechanism at the end of the line transfer operation.

17. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having a toothed slide and two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including a pawl associated with the movable finger and adapted to engage the teeth in the slide to lock the movable finger thereto, trip mechanism normally holding the pawl out of engagement with said slide, automatic means for operating said mechanism prior to any movement of the finger in the line transfer operation, and means including a member carried by the transfer carriage and adapted to be operated by a fixed part of the machine at the end of. the line transfer operation for restoring the pawl under the control of the trip mechanism.

18. In a typographical composing machine, the combination with a movable line transfer carriage having a toothed slide and two fingers to engage the line at opposite ends, one finger being fixed to said carriage and the other movable with respect thereto, of means including a pawl associated with the movable finger and adapted to engage the teeth in the slide to lock the movable finger thereto, trip mechanism normally holding the pawl out of engagement with the slide, automatic means for operating said mechanism prior to any movement of the finger in the line transfer operation, and a spring actuated member mount- 20. A combination according to claim 1, in-. ed on the transfer carriage and adapted to be eluding spring means for holding the composed operated by a fixed part of the machine at the line under relatively light clamping pressure end of the line transfer operation for restoring during the line transfer operation.

5 the pawl under the control of the trip mechanism.

19. A combination according to claim 16, JOHN H. HILPMAN.

wherein the trip mechanism is operated by the composed line.

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