US2117397A - Insulated car wall - Google Patents

Insulated car wall Download PDF

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Publication number
US2117397A
US2117397A US147969A US14796937A US2117397A US 2117397 A US2117397 A US 2117397A US 147969 A US147969 A US 147969A US 14796937 A US14796937 A US 14796937A US 2117397 A US2117397 A US 2117397A
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Prior art keywords
sheets
metallic
fabric
members
insulating
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Expired - Lifetime
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US147969A
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Charles D Bonsall
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Standard Railway Equipment Manufacturing Co
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Standard Railway Equipment Manufacturing Co
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Priority to US21816D priority Critical patent/USRE21816E/en
Application filed by Standard Railway Equipment Manufacturing Co filed Critical Standard Railway Equipment Manufacturing Co
Priority to US147969A priority patent/US2117397A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0072—Means for cooling only
    • B61D27/0081—Means for cooling only of wagons for transporting refrigerated goods
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49616—Structural member making
    • Y10T29/49622—Vehicular structural member making

Definitions

  • One of the objects of the invention is to provide a wall of spaced apart metallic sheets with stiffeners connecting such sheets so that the sheets will cooperate to form a very strong structure to resist stresses against either side of the wall and to provide an insulating wall by putting insulating material between the sheets, and as the insulating materials now in general use are combustible, another object of the invention is to provide stifeners of such construction that the sheets may be welded to them without igniting the insulating material.
  • a still further object is to provide means to insulate the stiffeners so that heat will not be conducted by them through the wall.
  • Another object is to associate and arrange such insulating means so that it cooperates with the elements forming the stifieners to provide hollow spaces to prevent the heat of welding from igniting the insulating material between the metallic sheets, and a further object is to insulate that portion of the wall occupied by the hollow spaces by filling such spaces with non-combustible insulating material.
  • Another object is to provide a waterproof structure by connecting the associated parts of the wall together so as to prevent moisture from contacting the insulating material and reducing its insulating efficiency.
  • Another object is to provide a metallic sheet Wall having a smooth interior or exterior surface (or both if desired) made out of fiat metallic sheets.
  • Fig. 1 shows a typical application of my improved wall used as the floor of a railway refrigerator car.
  • Fig. 2 shows an enlarged cross section of the metallic sheets and stiifener shown in Fig. 1.
  • Figs. 3-8 inclusive show modified forms of stiffeners which may be used between the metallic sheet to accomplish the objects of the invention.
  • the drawing shows the usual parts of the car, such as side sill I; side wall sheathing 2; side wall lining 3; side wall insulation 4 and side wall framing 5.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 comprises an upper metallic sheet 1 and lower metallic sheets 8 spaced therefrom and substantially parallel thereto, insulating material 9 between said sheets and an insulated stiffener I connecting the sheets.
  • the stiifener comprises two metallic members, each of said members comprising an outer flange I3, an inner flange I4 and a web I5 connecting the flanges.
  • the insulating fabric or other insulating material I6 is positioned between the inner flanges I4 of the two members and is preferably secured thereto by the rivet I1.
  • the insulating fabric is bent to form flanges 20 and 2
  • the metallic sheets 1 and 8 are welded (24) to the outer flanges I3-I3 and the spaces 23-23 prevent the heat of the welding from igniting the insulating material.
  • two upper sheets 1--1 or two lower sheets 8--8) are used they may be joined by the welding material 24 which secures both of said sheets to the outer flange I3 of the member.
  • the insulating fabric IG is made of some porous material which may be moulded in any desired shape, usually when wet, but which has sufficient stiffness, when dry, to maintain its form.
  • the spaces 22 and 23 may be filled with some non-combustible material, such as asbestos.
  • a fabric 30 is made of one flat piece of material extending between the upper 1 and lower 8 metallic sheets and the members 3I-32 are secured on opposite sides of the fabric by the rivet 33.
  • Each member is provided with an inner flange 34, an outer flange 35 and a web 36 to form the space 31.
  • the metallic sheets 1-8 are welded (31) to the outer flange 35.
  • is one flat piece of material extending diagonally between the upper 1 and lower 8 metallic sheets.
  • the metallic members are positioned on opposite sides of the fabric and secured thereto and to each other by the rivet 4I and each member is provided with a web 42 and flange 43 to cooperate with the fabric to form the spaces 44 and 45.
  • the upper and lower sheets are welded (41) to the flanges 43.
  • Fig. 4 is an improvement over Fig. 3 because the welds are in line with each other.
  • Fig. 5 is a modification of the construction shown in Fig. 4 wherein the members are provided with lips 50 which overlap the fabric to hold it in place.
  • Fig. 6 shows a modification wherein a short piece of fabric 60 is positioned between the two metallic members lil- 62 to provide an insulasussurri tion therebetween and other pieces of fabric I3 are positioned on opposite sides of the stiffener which extend between and preferably, contact both the upper 1 and lower 8 metallic sheets.
  • Fig. 7 shows a modification wherein .two channel shape pieces 10 of fabric are positioned between the upper 'il and lower 12 metallic members and preferably secured thereto by the rivet 13. These U-shape pieces of fabric 10 form a space 14 on each side of each member.
  • Fig. 8 shows a modification wherein a stiil'ener is used in a wall wherein the metallic sheets 1-l are spaced relatively far apart, in which case it may not be necessary for the fabric 'il to extend all the way between the two metallic sheets, so I provide an intermediate metallic member 12 between the upper 13 and lower 14 metallic members and the fabric 1i is formed so that it cooperates with a part of the metallic member to provide the space 15.
  • each of the metallic members is provided with a flat part to which the adjacent metallic sheet is welded and fabric is positioned between the two (or more) metallic members so that there is no direct conduit for heat from one side of the wall to the other; furthermore, each structure shows the fabric formed .to cooperate with a part of one of the metallic members to provide a space so that the heat of welding will not ignite the combustible insulation between the metallic sheets.
  • the metallic members and the fabric are associated so that they will transmit a direct load from one metallic sheet to the other either in tension or compression, therefore, the stifleners cause the metallic sheets to become compression and tension members of a beam to resist stresses imposed on the wall from one side or the other thereof.
  • An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets and an insulated stiifener connecting said sheets, said stiilener comprising a metallic member welded to each sheet and an insulating fabric between said members, said fabric and said members being associated and arranged to provide hollow channels to prevent the heat of welding from igniting said combustible insulation.
  • An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets and an insulated sitesner connecting said sheets, said stiffener comprising a metallic member welded to each sheet and an insulating fabric between said members and secured thereto, said fabric and said members being associated and arranged to provide hollow channels to prevent the heat of welding from lgnitingv said combustible insulation.
  • An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material 4 a metallic member welded to from igniting said between said sheets and aninsulated stiil'ener connecting said sheets, said stiffener comprising two channel shaped metallic members each having one flange thereof welded to one of said sheets, and an insulating fabric between the other flanges of said members, said insulating fabric having portions which' cooperate with the webs of said members to provide hollow spaces to prevent the heat of welding from igniting the combustible insulation.
  • An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets and an insulated stiffener connecting said sheets, said stinener comprising two channel shaped metallic members each having one flange thereof welded to one of said sheets, and an insulating fabric between the other flanges cf said members, said insulating fabric having portions which cooperate with the webs of said members to provide hollow spaces to prevent the heat of welding from igniting the combustible insulation, and means to secure the last mentioned flanges and the fabric together.
  • An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets and an insulated stiii'ener connecting said sheets, said stiilener comprising insulating fabric between said members, said fabric and said members being associated and arranged to provide hollow channels to prevent the heat of welding from insulation and non-combustible insulation in said hollow channels.
  • An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets and an insulated stifi'ener connecting said sheets, saidstiifener comprising' a metallic member welded to each sheet, and an insulating fabric between said members, said fab-q ric and said members being associated and arranged to provide a hollow space on each side of said members .to prevent the heat of welding combustible insulation.
  • An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets, and an insulated stiifener connecting said sheets, said stiifener comprising a piece of stiff insulating fabric extending between said slreets, a metallic member on each sidev of said fabric, and means to secure both of said members to said fabric, each of said members having a fiat part to which the adjacent metallic sheet is welded and a portion which cooperates with the fabric .to provide hollow spaces to prevent the heat of welding from igniting the insulation.
  • An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets, and an insulated stiffener connecting said sheets, said stiifener comprising a piece of sti insulating fabric extending between said sheets, a metallic member on each side of said fabric, and means to secure both of said members to said fabric, each of said members having a fiat part to which the adjacent metallic sheet is welded and a portion which cooperates with the fabric to provide hollow spaces to prevent the heat of welding from igniting the insulation, each of said members provided with a lip to hold the fabric in piace.

Description

May 17, 1938. c. D. BoNsALL INSULATED CAR WALL Filed June 12, 1937 Patented May 17, 193s UNITED STATES INSULATED CAR WALL Charles D. Bonsall, Pittsburgh, Pa., assigner, by
mesne assignments,
PATENT OFFICE to Standard Railway Equipment Manufacturing Company, a corporation of Delaware Application June 12, 1937, Serial No. 141,969
8 Claims.
l door for a railway refrigerator car which is used to transport perishable commodities.
One of the objects of the invention is to provide a wall of spaced apart metallic sheets with stiffeners connecting such sheets so that the sheets will cooperate to form a very strong structure to resist stresses against either side of the wall and to provide an insulating wall by putting insulating material between the sheets, and as the insulating materials now in general use are combustible, another object of the invention is to provide stifeners of such construction that the sheets may be welded to them without igniting the insulating material.
A still further object is to provide means to insulate the stiffeners so that heat will not be conducted by them through the wall.
Another object is to associate and arrange such insulating means so that it cooperates with the elements forming the stifieners to provide hollow spaces to prevent the heat of welding from igniting the insulating material between the metallic sheets, and a further object is to insulate that portion of the wall occupied by the hollow spaces by filling such spaces with non-combustible insulating material.
Another object is to provide a waterproof structure by connecting the associated parts of the wall together so as to prevent moisture from contacting the insulating material and reducing its insulating efficiency.
Another object is to provide a metallic sheet Wall having a smooth interior or exterior surface (or both if desired) made out of fiat metallic sheets.
In the drawing:
Fig. 1 shows a typical application of my improved wall used as the floor of a railway refrigerator car.
Fig. 2 shows an enlarged cross section of the metallic sheets and stiifener shown in Fig. 1.
Figs. 3-8 inclusive show modified forms of stiffeners which may be used between the metallic sheet to accomplish the objects of the invention.
The drawing shows the usual parts of the car, such as side sill I; side wall sheathing 2; side wall lining 3; side wall insulation 4 and side wall framing 5.
'I'he form of my wall or door shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises an upper metallic sheet 1 and lower metallic sheets 8 spaced therefrom and substantially parallel thereto, insulating material 9 between said sheets and an insulated stiffener I connecting the sheets. The stiifener comprises two metallic members, each of said members comprising an outer flange I3, an inner flange I4 and a web I5 connecting the flanges. The insulating fabric or other insulating material I6 is positioned between the inner flanges I4 of the two members and is preferably secured thereto by the rivet I1. The insulating fabric is bent to form flanges 20 and 2|, which flanges cooperate with the webs I5 of the members to provide hollow spaces 22 -and,23. The metallic sheets 1 and 8 are welded (24) to the outer flanges I3-I3 and the spaces 23-23 prevent the heat of the welding from igniting the insulating material. When two upper sheets 1--1 (or two lower sheets 8--8) are used they may be joined by the welding material 24 which secures both of said sheets to the outer flange I3 of the member.
The insulating fabric IG is made of some porous material which may be moulded in any desired shape, usually when wet, but which has sufficient stiffness, when dry, to maintain its form.
If desired` the spaces 22 and 23 may be filled with some non-combustible material, such as asbestos.
In the modification shown in Fig. 3 a fabric 30 is made of one flat piece of material extending between the upper 1 and lower 8 metallic sheets and the members 3I-32 are secured on opposite sides of the fabric by the rivet 33. Each member is provided with an inner flange 34, an outer flange 35 and a web 36 to form the space 31. The metallic sheets 1-8 are welded (31) to the outer flange 35.
In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the fabric 4|) is one flat piece of material extending diagonally between the upper 1 and lower 8 metallic sheets. The metallic members are positioned on opposite sides of the fabric and secured thereto and to each other by the rivet 4I and each member is provided with a web 42 and flange 43 to cooperate with the fabric to form the spaces 44 and 45. The upper and lower sheets are welded (41) to the flanges 43.
Fig. 4 is an improvement over Fig. 3 because the welds are in line with each other.
Fig. 5 is a modification of the construction shown in Fig. 4 wherein the members are provided with lips 50 which overlap the fabric to hold it in place.
Fig. 6 shows a modification wherein a short piece of fabric 60 is positioned between the two metallic members lil- 62 to provide an insulasussurri tion therebetween and other pieces of fabric I3 are positioned on opposite sides of the stiffener which extend between and preferably, contact both the upper 1 and lower 8 metallic sheets.
'I'he metallic members are formed so as to cooperate with one of the pieces of fabric to form the spaces 64 and 65.
Fig. 7 shows a modification wherein .two channel shape pieces 10 of fabric are positioned between the upper 'il and lower 12 metallic members and preferably secured thereto by the rivet 13. These U-shape pieces of fabric 10 form a space 14 on each side of each member.
Fig. 8 shows a modification wherein a stiil'ener is used in a wall wherein the metallic sheets 1-l are spaced relatively far apart, in which case it may not be necessary for the fabric 'il to extend all the way between the two metallic sheets, so I provide an intermediate metallic member 12 between the upper 13 and lower 14 metallic members and the fabric 1i is formed so that it cooperates with a part of the metallic member to provide the space 15.
In all of the above described structures each of the metallic members is provided with a flat part to which the adjacent metallic sheet is welded and fabric is positioned between the two (or more) metallic members so that there is no direct conduit for heat from one side of the wall to the other; furthermore, each structure shows the fabric formed .to cooperate with a part of one of the metallic members to provide a space so that the heat of welding will not ignite the combustible insulation between the metallic sheets. In some of Athe above described constructions the metallic members and the fabric are associated so that they will transmit a direct load from one metallic sheet to the other either in tension or compression, therefore, the stifleners cause the metallic sheets to become compression and tension members of a beam to resist stresses imposed on the wall from one side or the other thereof.
The accompanying drawing illustrates the preferred form of the invention, though it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, as it is obvious that various modifications thereof, within the scope of the claims, will occur to persons skilled in the art.
l'. claim: 1. An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets and an insulated stiifener connecting said sheets, said stiilener comprising a metallic member welded to each sheet and an insulating fabric between said members, said fabric and said members being associated and arranged to provide hollow channels to prevent the heat of welding from igniting said combustible insulation.
2. An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets and an insulated stiener connecting said sheets, said stiffener comprising a metallic member welded to each sheet and an insulating fabric between said members and secured thereto, said fabric and said members being associated and arranged to provide hollow channels to prevent the heat of welding from lgnitingv said combustible insulation.
3. An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material 4 a metallic member welded to from igniting said between said sheets and aninsulated stiil'ener connecting said sheets, said stiffener comprising two channel shaped metallic members each having one flange thereof welded to one of said sheets, and an insulating fabric between the other flanges of said members, said insulating fabric having portions which' cooperate with the webs of said members to provide hollow spaces to prevent the heat of welding from igniting the combustible insulation.
4. An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets and an insulated stiffener connecting said sheets, said stinener comprising two channel shaped metallic members each having one flange thereof welded to one of said sheets, and an insulating fabric between the other flanges cf said members, said insulating fabric having portions which cooperate with the webs of said members to provide hollow spaces to prevent the heat of welding from igniting the combustible insulation, and means to secure the last mentioned flanges and the fabric together.
5. An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets and an insulated stiii'ener connecting said sheets, said stiilener comprising insulating fabric between said members, said fabric and said members being associated and arranged to provide hollow channels to prevent the heat of welding from insulation and non-combustible insulation in said hollow channels.
6. An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets and an insulated stifi'ener connecting said sheets, saidstiifener comprising' a metallic member welded to each sheet, and an insulating fabric between said members, said fab-q ric and said members being associated and arranged to provide a hollow space on each side of said members .to prevent the heat of welding combustible insulation.
7. An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets, and an insulated stiifener connecting said sheets, said stiifener comprising a piece of stiff insulating fabric extending between said slreets, a metallic member on each sidev of said fabric, and means to secure both of said members to said fabric, each of said members having a fiat part to which the adjacent metallic sheet is welded and a portion which cooperates with the fabric .to provide hollow spaces to prevent the heat of welding from igniting the insulation.
8. An insulating wall comprising spaced apart metallic sheets, combustible insulating material between said sheets, and an insulated stiffener connecting said sheets, said stiifener comprising a piece of sti insulating fabric extending between said sheets, a metallic member on each side of said fabric, and means to secure both of said members to said fabric, each of said members having a fiat part to which the adjacent metallic sheet is welded and a portion which cooperates with the fabric to provide hollow spaces to prevent the heat of welding from igniting the insulation, each of said members provided with a lip to hold the fabric in piace.
CHARLES D. BONBALL.
each sheet and an' igniting said combustible
US147969A 1937-06-12 1937-06-12 Insulated car wall Expired - Lifetime US2117397A (en)

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US21816D USRE21816E (en) 1937-06-12 Insulated oak wall
US147969A US2117397A (en) 1937-06-12 1937-06-12 Insulated car wall

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2612028A (en) * 1948-11-04 1952-09-30 Schnabel Company Insulated refrigerator vehicle body
US2614856A (en) * 1950-05-04 1952-10-21 Trailmobile Inc Insulated tank vehicle
US2626813A (en) * 1947-03-10 1953-01-27 Mechanical Handling Sys Inc Tank trailer
US2654449A (en) * 1948-06-03 1953-10-06 Chrysler Corp Sectional wall clip
US2684171A (en) * 1948-12-31 1954-07-20 Johns Manville Tank insulation
US2705549A (en) * 1950-08-04 1955-04-05 Standard Railway Equipment Mfg Floor protecting sheets
US2717664A (en) * 1949-07-18 1955-09-13 Richard Rand Metal panel construction
US2736399A (en) * 1950-05-02 1956-02-28 Erie Enameling Company Wall structure
US2779066A (en) * 1952-05-23 1957-01-29 Gen Motors Corp Insulated refrigerator wall
US3935688A (en) * 1973-12-03 1976-02-03 Charles J. Trojahn Impervious wall structure
FR2470351A1 (en) * 1979-11-23 1981-05-29 Salviati Impianti Spa Ceramics carrying kiln truck - comprises insulation filled refractory frame on metal baseplate
US4300881A (en) * 1980-02-01 1981-11-17 Salviata Impianti S.P.A. Truck or the like for conveying ceramic articles through a kiln
US4571915A (en) * 1984-01-20 1986-02-25 Produits D'acier Anjou, Inc. Fireproof and soundproof door
US4712352A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-12-15 Low R Glenn Modular construction system
US5140913A (en) * 1989-06-30 1992-08-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Railway car body structures
US5228257A (en) * 1991-03-04 1993-07-20 Awh Corporation Modular wall system
US5640824A (en) * 1992-04-03 1997-06-24 Johnson; Ronald K. Buildings and building components
US5664397A (en) * 1995-03-18 1997-09-09 Krauss-Maffei Verkehrstechnik Gmbh Sandwich plate for use as motor-vehicle body part
US8118345B1 (en) * 2009-03-27 2012-02-21 Thomas David Hootman Flooring system for use with flatbed trailers

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2693256A (en) * 1948-10-15 1954-11-02 Robertson Co H H Wall panel
US3161265A (en) * 1959-01-27 1964-12-15 Union Carbide Corp Vacuum panel insulation
US7162847B2 (en) * 2002-12-16 2007-01-16 Marko Gigiakos Apparatus and method for fabricating foam wall panels

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2626813A (en) * 1947-03-10 1953-01-27 Mechanical Handling Sys Inc Tank trailer
US2654449A (en) * 1948-06-03 1953-10-06 Chrysler Corp Sectional wall clip
US2612028A (en) * 1948-11-04 1952-09-30 Schnabel Company Insulated refrigerator vehicle body
US2684171A (en) * 1948-12-31 1954-07-20 Johns Manville Tank insulation
US2717664A (en) * 1949-07-18 1955-09-13 Richard Rand Metal panel construction
US2736399A (en) * 1950-05-02 1956-02-28 Erie Enameling Company Wall structure
US2614856A (en) * 1950-05-04 1952-10-21 Trailmobile Inc Insulated tank vehicle
US2705549A (en) * 1950-08-04 1955-04-05 Standard Railway Equipment Mfg Floor protecting sheets
US2779066A (en) * 1952-05-23 1957-01-29 Gen Motors Corp Insulated refrigerator wall
US3935688A (en) * 1973-12-03 1976-02-03 Charles J. Trojahn Impervious wall structure
FR2470351A1 (en) * 1979-11-23 1981-05-29 Salviati Impianti Spa Ceramics carrying kiln truck - comprises insulation filled refractory frame on metal baseplate
US4300881A (en) * 1980-02-01 1981-11-17 Salviata Impianti S.P.A. Truck or the like for conveying ceramic articles through a kiln
US4571915A (en) * 1984-01-20 1986-02-25 Produits D'acier Anjou, Inc. Fireproof and soundproof door
US4712352A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-12-15 Low R Glenn Modular construction system
US5140913A (en) * 1989-06-30 1992-08-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Railway car body structures
US5228257A (en) * 1991-03-04 1993-07-20 Awh Corporation Modular wall system
US5640824A (en) * 1992-04-03 1997-06-24 Johnson; Ronald K. Buildings and building components
US5664397A (en) * 1995-03-18 1997-09-09 Krauss-Maffei Verkehrstechnik Gmbh Sandwich plate for use as motor-vehicle body part
US8118345B1 (en) * 2009-03-27 2012-02-21 Thomas David Hootman Flooring system for use with flatbed trailers

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