US2115268A - Spinning unit - Google Patents

Description

F. KLEIN SPINNING UNIT April 26, 1938.

Filed Sept. 26, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY.

April 26, 1938.

F. KLEIN SPINNING UNIT Filed Sept. 26, 1956 3 Sheets-Sheet I5 kw w ATTORNEY.

Patented. Apr. 26, 1938 PATENT orrlcr.

SPINNING UNIT Frederick Klein, Glen Mk, N. 1., alslgnor to Slpp-Eastwood Corporation, Paterson, N. 1., a

corporation of New Jersey Application September 26, 1936, Serial No. 102,792

'18 Claims.

This invention relates to yarn twisting units, and while it is herein shown and described with particular reference to a .unit used for imparting two spinning or other twisting efforts to yarn (with perhaps doubling of the yarn) it is not to be understood that it is so limited in all its aspects. Also, while it is herein shown and described as of the class in which the stator and rotor are the corresponding elements of an electric motor it is also not to be understood that it is so limited in all aspects.

Having reference to the unit as herein shown and described, or for imparting two twisting eiforts to yarn and in which the stator and rotor form an electric motor, the principal objects are to provide a unit which shall not be expensive to manufacture or to maintain, which shall be highly eiflcient in operation, and which can in all respects be handled by the attendant without conscious electric shock or injury of any kind and so that such operations as domng and the like and eflecting the necessary threading when a new yarn supply is to replace the exhausted one can be completed with expedition.

The invention also contemplates a novel arrangement of means for imposing tension on the yarn which, according to the invention as herein shown and described, is assumed to be delivered from rather than to a wound yarn mass associated with the unit, to be collected in another wound mass or by any other take-up means.

The invention further contemplates efllcient means for controlling (starting and stopping) the rotor.

Other objects and their consequent advantages will be apparent from the following description to those skilled in the art.

In the drawings,

Fig. l is a side elevation of the improved unit;

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation thereof;

Fig. 3 is a front-to-rear vertical section in the plane of the rotor axis;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged front elevation, partly broken away, of the tension means, its casing and its main spring and detached from the nonrotary yam-mass holder;

Fig. 4a is a'section on a horizontal plane between parts 50 and 60, Fig. 4;

Fig. 5 is a plan of said means with the upper plug or head thereof detached and showing the casing in section;

Fig. 6 is a plan of the bracket 30, partly broken away, and the insulating plates attached thereto;

Figs. 7 and 8 are .rear elevations of said plates;

Fig. 9 is a rear elevation of a certain detent;

Fig. 10 is a diagram of a system embodying the improved units; and

Fig. 11 diagrammatically shows the take-up drive.

As shown the unit is mounted on the rail I of a suitable frame so that the rotor axis is inclined at an angle of about 30.

The stator includes a concave-convex housing 2, here bowl-shaped, whose top or mouth is enlarged at 3 and which is formed with a depending stem 4 forming a bolster bored to provide a well 5 closed at the bottom and adapted to contain lubricating oil 6 and tapering downwardly for a considerable depth from its upper end, and the bottom of the housing also having an upstanding barrier 1 around the well. At the top of its well but below the top of such barrier the bolster is equipped with a ball-bearing 8 and at the bottom of the well with a bearing in the form of a bushing 9 which rests on a rib it at the bottom of the well and has a vertical by-pass groove ll. Open to the well and traversing the bearing 8 is a bypass I 2. Thus the oil, under the centrifugal action of the rotor spindle journaled in said bearings and due to the taper of the well, may circulate, moving up through by-pass I2 and down through bearing 8, which is positioned as high as possible, and barrier 1 prevents the oil having access to the housing-proper and the contained motor fleld. A flange l3 and a nut l4 clamp the bolster to the rail; preferably in the bolsterreceiving aperture 15 of the rail is a felt bushing It and between the flange and rail on the one hand and the rail and nut on the other are a resilient, as rubber, gasket l1 and a spring washer it, these media serving to absorb vibration when the spindle-including rotor is being driven.

The stator also includes the annular motor field l9 one, 20, of whose three leads 204i, extending through -a hole in the bottom of the housing, may be grounded on the housing.

The rotor comprises a spindle 22, armature 23 and a disk comprising parts 24-21 and 2|, the armature and disk being fast to the spindle whose shoulder 22a is seated on bearing 8 which assumes the entire thrust of the rotor and its load, the lower end of the spindle being received in bearing 9 which preserves the spindle in coaxial relation to bearing 8. The armature is within the housing and the disk is but slightly above its mouth and its disk proper 24 has a flange 24a which depends into the housing so as to leave a crevice through which air may circulate to dissipate any heat generated within the housing. The disk proper also has an upstanding flange 24b notched at 240. From its upper end to the disk the spindie has a bore 22b communicating with that of a tube 21 leading to said notch and being entered at one end in the spindle and at the other held to the disk proper by an eye-bolt 28 through whose eye the tube extends. The disk as a part of the rotor thus forms both a guard, as a cover load of the holder.

of shock or injury to the operator if the rotor (which is also incidentally covered by the yarnmass holder, as will appear) is handled by the operator when being driven even at full speed.

The motor is here of the three-phase, alterhating-current, squirrel-cage type and attached to the-housing of its stator is mechanism for establishing or disestablishing connection between the leads 2| and bus-bars 29 of an electric circuit and for applying braking action to the rotor when the connection is disestablished. Thus:

A bracket 30 here in the form of an inverted U and having a cross-bar 30a formed with a projection 30b whose inner or forward face is coincident with that of the bracket, is secured to the back of the housing by screws 3|, forming a part of the stator. Between the bracket and the housing and penetrated by said screws is a pair of insulating plates 32 and 33 having top recesses (and otherwise formed as in Figs. 7 and 8 for a purpose to appear) and to the opposite face of such pair of plates are secured in laterally offset relation to each other, each by a pair of bolts 34, two spring blades or clips 35, the lower ends of which engage and are arched to embrace, respec tively, the bus-bars 29, their upper ends affording contacts. At the inner side of the pair of plates and secured thereto by bolts 36 is a pair of spring blades or clips 31 affording contacts at their upper ends to engage the contacts of the blades 35, said bolts serving to connect the blades 3? respectively with the leads 2!; in other words,

the blades 31 serve to close or open the breaks in the circuit existing between the upper ends of the blades and the bus-bars. Blades 31 are connected by an insulating bridge member 38 fitted with a suitable (as leather) brake-shoe 39 adapted to bear against the flange 24b of the disk 24 of the rotor. Movement of the device 31-38 to the right in Fig. 2 disestablishes the electrical connection between blades 35 and 3'! and applies the brake to the rotor, and movement to the left establishes such connection and releases the brake. Each movement is quickly effected in each direction, leaving the device 31-48 held in its new position, through a spring forming a toggle connection as follows: 45 is a lever having arms 40a forming a forked portion straddling and fulcrumed on the housing and equipped with an angular arm 40!) reaching upwardly and formed with a notch as shown receiving the lower end of said spring, which is here a bent platespring 42 whose upper end is engaged in a notch in member 38. Movement of the lever in either direction (which may be limited by its engagement with one of the stops 4| shown in Fig. 1) requires tensioning the spring in order for the notched point of its arm to pass a plane coincident with the lever fulcrum and the notch of member 38.

The construction of the holder for the wound yarn mass is as follows: There is a disk 43 dished at itsunder side, being in close-covering relation to (here telescoping flange 24a of) the rotor disk and having a central upstanding post 43a. which slips loosely over the spindle, and a peripheral ledge 43b, being weighted at 43c. Seated in a resilient (as rubber) bushing 44 within a central socket in the disk is an annular ballbearing 45 which rests on a shoulder or race 220 of the spindle, such assuming the entire thrust- Slipped with a snug fit over the post, so as to be removable therefrom, is a support having a bore and in the form of a tubular shank or casing 45 which may have, seated within a resilient bushing 41 therein, an annular ball-bearing 48 with which the spindle, which projects above the post, engages thus to maintain the holder coaxial with the spindle. The bushings 44 and 41 absorb vibration incident to the rotation of the spindle relatively to the holder,

whose disk 43, weighted at 43c, normally tends.

to stand in the axial relation shown by Fig. 3 in the operative or inclined position of the unit (Fig. 1). The casing has a cut-out tongue 46a pressed inwardly and above the tongue a slot 481), for a purpose to appear. It also has a circumferential inside shoulder 45c upon which rests a washer 49.

Contained in the casing is a tension-assembly constructed as follows: A mounting is formed by two cylindrical plugs 50 and 5| adapted to fit freely within the casing and a plate 52 rigidly connecting them; the adjoining portions of the plugs present flat faces to which the plate is secured. When the tension assembly is positioned in the casing a screw 53 screwed into its plug 50 and engaged in the slot 45b limits its vertical movement in each direction, it being however normally urged upwardly by a helical spring 54 interposed between said plug and the washer 49 and coiled about a stud 5Ia depending from the plug 5| and into which the upper end of the spindle is here shown telescoped. Clearance to permit the plug 5| to pass tongue 4611 when the tension assembly is entered to or removed from the casing is afforded by a vertical groove 5th in such plug. The plate 52 has a vertical series of bent outward spaced ribs 52a and thus affords one tension member. The other is a plate 55 pivoted at 52b on plate 52 to move around a vertical axis and having a vertical series of bent-inward ribs 55a adapted, when plate 55 is urged from plate, 52, to coact with the ribs 52a. to grip thread or yarn which may be passed between the ribs when plate 55 is retracted as shown in Fig. 5. Plate 55 is normally urged from plate 52 by a helical spring 55 engaged with a projection of plate 55 on the one hand and with the head of a rotary plunger device formed and arranged as follows: The plug 50 is bored axially to receive a stem 5'! of the plunger whose said head 58 is arranged in a counterbore of the plug and is subject to the downward pressure of a helical spring 59 in the counterbore. Removably afllxed to the upper enlarged protruding end of the stem is a knob 60 having a depending pin 6! to engage teeth 52 formed at the top of the plug 50 around the stem. 63 is simply a pin on the plug 50 arranged in the path of pin 6! to limit the rotation of the plunger and prevent over-tensioning the spring in adjusting it.

Through this plunger and head 5| extend axial bores 64 and .65. When the unit is to be threaded the yarn or thread extending from the wound mass, which is here formed on a bobbin 55 on the holder, is by a wire hook drawn down through these bores and bore 22b and that of the tube 21 (such bores together forming a yarn passage) and then extended up through a suitable guide to some take-up means as a rotated bobbin. In order to receive the thread between the ribs of the two tension members the tension assembly is depressed against the tension of spring 54 and this causes a lug 55b on the member 55 to wipe against the tongue 46a and move said member to the position of Fig. 5. To adjust thetension of spring 56 the plunger, by its knob, is elevated against the tension of spring 59 to clear pin 6| from the teeth 62 and the plunger turned.

motor.

The holder for the wound mass should be retained against upward displacement on domng. For this purpose '1 is a detent consisting of a plate having its upper end bent oi! so as to be adapted to overhang the ledge b of disk 43, its lower portion formed as a depending bifurcated shank whoa extremities 'are formed with lugs "a at diflerent elevations. This detent straddles the spring 42 and is loosely supported (as will appear) so that it tends by gravity to assume the position where its bent-oi! upper end overhangs said ledge of disk I but being displaceable by the device 81-", so as to clear said ledge, when said device acts to close the circuit to start the For its support, so that it is free to tilt as indicated and yet is anchored against upward displacement when its bent-oil end overhangs the ledge, its shank, which is received in the top recess of plate 32, has its lugs "a engaged in notches 32a entering the-plate from its recess. The shank is backed by the projection 80b of bar Ill and opposed at the front (thus retaining its formed at different elevations the lugs of the detent are correspondingly positioned.

When the unit is at rest, the rotor being sub- Ject to the braking action of device 3l38, the

Y detent prevents elevation of the holder for the wound mass, as shown by full lines; when the unit is operating, device 3lll being in circuitclosing position, the detent is held back by said device thus clear of the thread-balloon portion.

It will be understood that with the yarn threaded through the rotor as described, when the latter isin rotation a twist forms in the portion of the thread between the wound mass and the flier as the former rotates relatively to the latter and another twist forms in the ballooning portion of the yarn between the flier and the mentioned guide above the unit.

Fig. 10 shows the circuit connections in a case where, as preferred, the aforesaid units (here designated 2) are arranged in groups obtaining their current supply from feeders a to which the current supplied thereto has been reduced from the standard 330 to 440 volts and 180 cycles to 32 volts or less and 60 cycles, the motor of each unit being preferably as stated of the three-phase, alternating current, squirrel-cage type. From the feeders branch feeders b, having suitable cut-out means in the form of a master switch 0, lead to the primary of a three-phase transformer d, across whose primary are connected capacitors (condensers) e of sufllcient capacity normally to maintain a power factor of approximately 80% when all the units in the group are operating. The secondary is connected to the bus-bars 29 for the units of each group by the suitably branched leads I. There may be reversing switches g to connect the leads I with the bus-bars, so that the units may be driven in either direction. If each unit is of the said type and the circuit connections are substantially of the character set forth I find it possible to obtain all those advantages, having regard to the whole complement of units which make up a spinning plant, which it will be understood by those skilled in the art obtain where electricity is used as the motive force and in contrast to resort, as heretofore, to the driving of the units by belts and pulleys with consequent nonuniformity in the resulting twist.

Fig. 11 shows the rotor h of an electric motor whose rotor shaft i through gearing i may drive the rotary bobbins on which the double-twisted yarn may be collected, and serving as the mentioned take-up. This motor may be driven by current supplied to the leads I.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim is:

1. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator providing a bearing, a rotor including, with an upright spindle iournaled in the bearing and having a driven portion above the bearing, a substantially circular guard above and close to said driven portion and substantially concentric with the spindle; and a holder for the wound yarn mass journaled on the rotor above the guard and normally held from rotation with the rotor, said spindle having a yarn passage extending downwardly therethrough from above the holder and the guard havingyarn-guiding means by which the yarn from said passage is delivered at an eccentric point of the guard.

2. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator including a concavo-convex housing arranged with its mouth open upwardly, a rotor including a spindle journaled in and coaxial with the housing and having a driven portion arranged in the housing and a cover arranged in fixed relation to the spindle and in close-covering relation to the housing mouth, and a holder for a wound yarn mass journaled on the rotor above the cover and normally held from rotation therewithpsaid spindle having a yarn passage extending downwardly through the spindle from above the holder and the cover having yarn guiding means by which the yarn is delivered at an eccentric point of the cover.

3. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator including a concavo-convex housing arranged with its mouth open upwardly, a rotor including a spindle journaled in and coaxial with the housing and having a driven portion arranged in the housing and a cover arranged in fixed relation to the spindle and in close-covering relation to the housing mouth, and a holder for a wound yarn mass journaled on the rotor above the cover and normally held-from rotation therewith, said spindle having a yarn passage extending downwardly through the spindle from above the holder and the cover having yarn guiding means by which the yarn is delivered at an cecentric point of the cover and said holder comprising a disk in close-covering relation to the cover and a tubular shank upstanding from the disk and receiving the spindle.

4. In a yarn twisting unit, the combination of supporting structure, an upstanding spindle supported-thereby, a holder for a wound yarn mass penetrated by the spindle, annular bearing means between the holder and spindle and sup- .porting the former on the latter, one of the elesupporting the holder on the spindle, one of the elements formed by the spindle and holder being (ill rotary relatively to the other, and resilient bushings respectively arranged between said bearings and said elements.

6. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator and a motor field, a rotor journaled in the stator and including an armature to coact with the field, an electric circuit containing the motor field windings and having a break, a device movable on the stator backand forth and when moved in one direction being adapted to close, and when moved in the other direction being adapted to open, the break and apply braking action to the rotor and means to move said device including a lever fulcrumed in the stator and a spring forming a toggle connection between said lever and device.

'7. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator, a rotor journaled in the stator, a holder for a wound yarn mass journaled on and coaxial with the rotor and removable therefrom in one direction axially and normally held from rotation therewith, said rotor having a yarn passage extending therethrough in the other direction and past the holder to an eccentric point of the rotor and through which yarn from said mass is to extend and then reach from the rotor in the first direction, and a detent movable to one position to oppose removal of said holder, and to another position to clear the same and the portion of the yarn which reaches in the'first direction.

8. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator,

a rotor journaled in the stator, a holder for a wound yarn mass journaled on and coaxial with the rotor and removable therefrom in one direction axially and normally held from rotation therewith, said rotor having a yarn passage extending therethrough in the other direction and past the holder to an eccentric point of the rotor and through which yarn from said mass is to extend and then reach from the rotor in the first direction, a detent movable to one position to oppose removal of said holder and to another position to clear the same and the portion of the yarn which reaches in the first direction, and means movable in one direction to cause starting of and in the other direction to stop the rotor, said means controlling the position of the detent.

9. The yarn twisting unit set forth in claim 8 characterized by said detent being normally urged in the direction to oppose removal of said holder and by said means when moved to cause starting of the rotor being adapted to move said detent to the second-named position.

10. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator, a rotor journaled in the stator, a holder for a wound yarn mass journaled on and coaxial with the rotor and removable therefrom in one direction axially and normally held from rotation therewith, said rotor having a yarn passage extending therethrough in the other direction and past the holder to an eccentric point of the rotor and through which yarn from said mass is to extend and then reach from the rotor in the first direction, a detent movable to one position to oppose removal of said holder and to another position clear of the same and of the portion of the yarn which reaches in the first direction, and means movable to apply braking action to the rotor and controlling the position of said detent.

11. The yarn twisting unit set forth in claim 10 characterized by said detent being normally urged to the position to oppose removal of said holder and by said means when moved to check the braking action being adapted to move said detent in the opposite direction.

12. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator, a rotor journaled therein, a holder for a wound mass journaled on the rotor and oiIset in one axial direction from the stator and normally held from rotation with the rotor, said rotor and holder providing a yarn passage extending substantially axially therethrough in the opposite direction and to an eccentric point of the rotor between the stator and holder, and a tension member supported by one of the members formed by the rotor and holder and movable transversely of the axis of the rotor against and from and normally urged against the yarn extending through said passage.

13. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator, a rotor journaled therein, a holder for a wound mass journalled on the rotor and offset in one axial direction from the stator and normally held from rotation with the rotor, said rotor and holder providing a yarn passage extending substantially axially therethrough in the opposite direction and to an eccentric point of the rotor between the stator and holder, and a tension member in the holder movable transversely of th axis of the rotor against and from and normally urged against the yarn extending through said passage.

14. The yarn twisting unit set forth in claim 12 characterized by said holder being removable from the rotor and by said tension means being arranged in the holder.

15. In combination, a support having a bore and a tension assembly movable lengthwise of and in the bore, said assembly comprising a mounting'and a member movable thereon and normally urged to coact with the mounting to exert tension on yarn extended through the bore and past said member and said support having means to engage and retract said member when said assembly is moved in the bore.

16. In combination, a support having a bore, a tension assembly movable in'one direction lengthwise of and in the bore, and a spring opposing such movement of said assembly, said assembly comprising a mounting and a member movable thereon and normally urged to coact with the mounting to exert tension on yarn' extended through the bore and past said member and said support having means to engage and retract said member when said assembly is moved in said direction.

17. In combination, a supporting structure having a bore, a member movable against and from yarn extended through the bore, a rotary adjusting device arranged in and coaxial with the bore and having a yarn-bore, and a helical spring connecting said device and member and normally urging the latter against the yarn.

18. In combination, a supporting structure having a bore,'a member movable against and from yarn extended through the bore, a rotary adjusting device arranged in and coaxial with the bore and having a yarn-bore, and movable back and forth lengthwise of the first bore, and a helical spring connecting said device and member and normally urging the latter against the yarn, said structure and device having coactive means to'lock the latter against rotation upon movement thereof lengthwise in one direction. FREDERICK KLEIN.

Images