US2114869A - Quartz-to-metal seal - Google Patents

Quartz-to-metal seal Download PDF

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Publication number
US2114869A
US2114869A US81866A US8186636A US2114869A US 2114869 A US2114869 A US 2114869A US 81866 A US81866 A US 81866A US 8186636 A US8186636 A US 8186636A US 2114869 A US2114869 A US 2114869A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
quartz
plug
tube
metal seal
seal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US81866A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bol Cornelis
Hendricus J Lemmens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2114869A publication Critical patent/US2114869A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/32—Seals for leading-in conductors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates toan improved quartz-to-metal seal particularly applicable to mercury vapor electric discharge devices of the type described in copending application, Serial No. 46,952, filed October 26, 1935, by Cornelis B01, Willem Elenbaas and Hendricus J. Lemmens.
  • the above-mentioned application discloses a new type of mercury vapor lamp comprising a capillary quartz envelope having an internal bore of less than 7 millimeters and preferably of from 1 to 5 millimeters diameter. These lamps are adapted to be operated at an extremely high specific loading and consequent high temperatures.
  • the loading commonly is indicated in watts per centimeter of tube length.
  • an aircooled lamp may consume from 25 to watts per centimeter, while units equipped with special cooling means may utilize as high as from to 1000 watts per centimeter with a voltage drop of from 100 to 1000 volts per centimeter.
  • a principal dimculty encountered in the manufacture of lamps of this material consists in the provision of a durable seal for the electrode leadin connections which is capable of remaining gastight under the conditions of operation.
  • One method which has already been proposed for the solution of this difficulty comprises interposing between the quartz and the lead-in conductor one or more transition glasses having graded expansion' coefllcients which lie between the expansion coeflicients of the quartz and the metal.
  • the present invention increases the mechanical strength of seals of this type and/thereby raises the permissible mercury vapor pressure by providing an improved form for the body of transition glass employed.
  • the nature of the improvement as well as the method by which it is produced may' best be understood by reference to the accompanying drawing in which Figs. 1, 2, 'and 3 are sectional views illustrating the successive steps in the sealing process; Fig. 4 shows a complete seal formed in accordance with the invention, and Fig. 5'shows a discharge device embodying our improved form of seal.
  • a quartz tube i preferably of less than-about 7 millimeters internal diameter
  • a stopper or plug 2 of transition glass which may be molten when introduced.
  • a glass suitable for use with tungsten lead-in conductors is described in copending application, Serial No. 43,230, filed October 2, 1935, by Cornelis Bol, Hendricus J. Lemmens, and Gottfried B. Jonas, and comprises approximately the following composition:
  • the plug should be of such length that it is in contact with the interior of the quartz tube for a distance at least one and a half times the wall thickness of the latter and preferably from 2 to 4 times such thickness.
  • the plug 2, whlchshould be maintained at a sufficiently high temperature to preserve its plasticity is subjected to pressure at the inner end thereof in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2. Ordinarily this will consist of air pressure provided by the glass blower and should be of such nature as to cause a cup-like depression 4 to be formed in the inner end surface of the plug.
  • the walls of the depression comprise a tapered rim of gradually diminishing thickness fused exteriorly' to the quartz tube.
  • the former is embedded in a second plug or solidcylinder 6 of a transition glass which may be of the same composition as the plug 2 or of a slightly different composition to give a more satisfactorily graded seal.
  • the electrodes 5 are spaced about 20 millimeters and are shown as being surrounded adjacent the lead-in connections with small globules of mercury 8 adapted to be at least partially vaporized during operation of the lamp.
  • a quartz-to-metal seal comprising a quartz tube having an inside bore on the order of a few millimeters in diameter and a wall thickness not substantially greater than the diameter of the bore, a plug of transition glass projecting into the end of said tube and in sealing engagement with the interior wall thereof for a distance in excess of 1.5 times the wall thickness of the latter. and a metal lead-in wire fused into the plug, said plug terminating at its inner end in a hollow portion having walls of gradually diminishing thickness fused to the interior surface of said tube.
  • a quartz-to-metal seal comprising a quartz tube, a sealing plug of transition glass terminating within the tube in a hollow portion having walls of gradually diminishing thickness fused to the interior wall surface of the tube, a solid cylinder of a second transition glass passing axially through said plug and slightly protruding therefrom at the inner end thereof and a metal lead-in conductor embedded in said cylinder and projecting into the bore of said quartz tube.
  • An envelope for an electric discharge device comprising a tube composed of a vitreous material which has the characteristics of quartz, plugs of transition glass fused into the ends of. said tube and lead-in conductors sealed through the plugs, each of said .plugs terminating at its inner end in a hollow portion having walls of gradually diminishing thickness fused to the interior surface of said tube.

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  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
US81866A 1935-08-31 1936-05-26 Quartz-to-metal seal Expired - Lifetime US2114869A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE456642X 1935-08-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2114869A true US2114869A (en) 1938-04-19

Family

ID=6539209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US81866A Expired - Lifetime US2114869A (en) 1935-08-31 1936-05-26 Quartz-to-metal seal

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2114869A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE417228A (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR809778A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB456642A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL44861C (en, 2012)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2482119A (en) * 1940-10-08 1949-09-20 Mickley Erich Method of making stems for electric lamps
US3106463A (en) * 1959-05-04 1963-10-08 Penta Lab Inc Method of uniting an electron tube base structure
US3156035A (en) * 1959-07-20 1964-11-10 Pfaudler Permutit Inc Method of making a glass lined pipe joint
US3211826A (en) * 1961-03-16 1965-10-12 Gen Electric Quartz to metal seal
US4282395A (en) * 1978-08-02 1981-08-04 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High melting point glass-to-metal seal and melt connection, particularly for tungsten supply wires for high-pressure discharge lamps
US4493378A (en) * 1981-07-16 1985-01-15 Kyle James C Terminal assembly
US5077505A (en) * 1989-07-24 1991-12-31 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric lamp and seal structure therefor
US5159239A (en) * 1988-02-23 1992-10-27 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric lamp with SiO2 vessel and seal therefor
US20050028404A1 (en) * 2002-07-02 2005-02-10 William Marvin Shoe having an inflatable bladder

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL182439C (nl) * 1978-05-23 1988-03-01 Philips Nv Korteboogontladingslamp.

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2482119A (en) * 1940-10-08 1949-09-20 Mickley Erich Method of making stems for electric lamps
US3106463A (en) * 1959-05-04 1963-10-08 Penta Lab Inc Method of uniting an electron tube base structure
US3156035A (en) * 1959-07-20 1964-11-10 Pfaudler Permutit Inc Method of making a glass lined pipe joint
US3211826A (en) * 1961-03-16 1965-10-12 Gen Electric Quartz to metal seal
US4282395A (en) * 1978-08-02 1981-08-04 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High melting point glass-to-metal seal and melt connection, particularly for tungsten supply wires for high-pressure discharge lamps
US4493378A (en) * 1981-07-16 1985-01-15 Kyle James C Terminal assembly
US5159239A (en) * 1988-02-23 1992-10-27 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric lamp with SiO2 vessel and seal therefor
US5077505A (en) * 1989-07-24 1991-12-31 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric lamp and seal structure therefor
US20050028404A1 (en) * 2002-07-02 2005-02-10 William Marvin Shoe having an inflatable bladder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE417228A (en, 2012)
NL44861C (en, 2012)
FR809778A (fr) 1937-03-10
GB456642A (en) 1936-11-12

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