US2112618A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

E. A. DQMEs March 29, 1938.

OIL BURNER Filed Jan. e, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 8.; Edward H.`Domms. I

1C'ttotrg March 29, 1938. E- A DOMES v 2,112,618

OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 22, l1937 2 Sheet-S-Sheet 2 :inventor Edward FlfDomms.

Patented Mar. 29, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OIL BURNER Application January 22, 1937, Serial No. 121,781

8 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners and more particularly to an. oil burner for use to generate steam required at oil wells, and has for its object to provide an improved oil burner including an elongated, cylindrical casting having a streamline, rearwardly-tapered chamber operating as a conduit and dispenser of oil, and having a second chamber of similar form but of lesser area in cross-section for conducting steam and provided with a dispenser which in conjunction with the dispenser for oil, operates to break up and vaporize the oil for complete exposure to the air before ignition.

The invention includes the construction of selil cleaning, vaporizing nozzles for the discharge ports of the oil and steam conduits at the tapered end of the casting.

When the burner is used in the oil elds it is disposed in the open air at the front of the furgg nace of a boiler, and the invention includes adjustments of the casting to positions nearer or more remote from the boiler to permit a lessei1 or greater exposure to the air of the hydrocarbon mixture before ignition and depending upon the 3:, degree of heat required for power, also depending upon the quality of fuel.

The invention has for an important object to provide an oil burner of more simple construction 4and of greater heat-utilization than ordinary,

:so and having such a variety oi adjustments that it will answer all requirements in heating steam boilers of various sizes, by use of crude oil or similar fuel.

While this oil burner is intended to be used in 33 oil fields, it is also intended to be used in all instances where high pressure boilers are needed for a required power.

The invention consists of the new and useful construction, combination and arrangement of 4i) parts described herein and claimed, and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it being understood that changes may be made in form, size, proportion 4of parts and minor details, said changes being Within the scope of the invention 5J as claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a broken away plan view showing a steam boiler and oil burner and connections therefor.

Fig. 2 is a view of the oil burner in longitudi- 50 nal section.v Fig. 3 is a view in transverse section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is an end View of the oil burner.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a nozzle for oil and Fig. 6 is a transverse section on line S--G of Fig.

55 5. Fig. 7 is a view in longitudinal section o f the nozzle for the oil passageway oi the koil burner, and Fig. 8 is an end view of the nozzle shown in Fig. '7.

Fig. 9 is -a side view of a nozzle for steam, and Fig. l0 is a transverse section on line Ill-l0 of' Fig. 9. Fig. 1l is a view in longitudinal section of the nozzle shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 10 to show a modified form for the outlet port of thenozzle for the discharge of steam. l0

Referring now to the drawings for a more particular description, a steam boiler is. indicated at i3, and steam is generated by use of the oil burner I4, said burner, best shown in Fig. 2, having a tapered passageway l5 for oil in con1munication with an oil tank l5 by means of a conduct* ing pipe il under control of a valve i6.

The burner Hl is preferably formed as an elongated, cylindrical casting provided longitudinally with a partition I9, thereby providing a tapered passageway 2li for steam, said steam passageway having a steam conducting-pipe 2l leading to the boiler and under control of a valve 22.

It will be understood that this burner, when Y used in connection with high pressure boilers may be operated by either heated air or steam.

While this oil burner is intended to be used in oil fields for generating steam, as mentioned, it is obvious that the heat could be utilized for other purposes, but in all instances the casting is placed in such a locality that it will be exposed to the air or, at least, the exposure must permit the presence of oxygen or pure air at the outlets of the casting i4, the space for this exposure requiring a distance of several inches between the endV of the casting (Fig. l) and draft inlet 23 of the nre box.

In the use of the oil burner, the crude oil used for fuel is often lumpy, and on .account of the high degree of heat, from exposure to steam, obstructions accumulate in the oil passageway and ten-d to prevent the flow of oil through its discharge-port and therefore the nozzle 24, to be described, has a cone-shaped part 25 which operates as a housing for its discharge-port 26, and thereby provides an annular recess 21 for holding accumulations of foreign substances which otherwise might prevent ay free ow of oil.

Also the nozzle 128 for the steam passageway is 50 provided with a similar cone-shaped part 25 which prevents foreign substances from obstructing its outlet port 25 for the reason that these obstructions, such as rust-scales or the like, would be deposited in the annular recess 2l', and these 65 section.

The hood 29 and control-plate 30 may project forwardly of the casting any suitable distance. The side walls of the control-plate 30 project to,- ward the side walls of the hood, and the curvatures for the hood and transverse curvature of the control-plate may be of greater or lesser degree, depending upon the quality of oil and degree of steam pressure.

In operation the oil will attain a high degree of heat and often reaches a boiling point by action of the steam. The oil is projected against the hood, and on account of the curvature at the free end of the hood the oil is thrown into the line of steam, at which time the oil is completely broken up land vaporized.

The function to be discharged by the controlplate 28 is to control and prevent any movement of vaporized fuel to move below the steam line, and to deflect any downward movement of vaporized oil from the oil outlet or steam from the steam outlet.

In operation there will be no flame at the free ends of the nozzles, but the name will appear a few inches therefrom and will be deflected upwardly to the boiler by the fire-brick 3| below the boiler, as shown in Fig. 1.

It will be noted that the discharge port 26 for the nozzle 28 as shown in Fig. 12 has a lesser degree of curvature than the curvature of said discharge port 26 shown in Fig. 10. This nozzle shown in Fig. 12 is used in instances when a greater heat is required, and at that time the burner is disposed further from the boiler, and it should be explained that a number of nozzles 28 are provided, the outlets of the ports 26 being of crescentform and differing in curvature, and any one of these nozzles may be used, depending upon the degree of heat required. If the arc of curvature or" the discharge port 26 is comparatively greater, the steam will have a greater spread laterally and will enlarge the volume of vaporized fuel to advantage vfor providing increased heat.

Any suitable means may be provided for adjusting the burner longitudinally, so that the nozzles will be disposed at a selected distance from the boiler for greater or lesser exposure to the air of the hydrocarbon mixture, the means shown in the present instance being a hand-lever 32 (Fig. 1) having a link 33 attached to the tapered slidable base 34 which supports the burner, and it will be understood that the pipes l1 and 2| may become bent and may have swinging movements Without injury to permit the adjustments for the burner as may be required.

The volume of the oil passageway for best results should be approximately three times greater than the volume for the steam passageway generally, but proportions may vary, depending, in part, on the quality of the fuel.

By referring to Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings it will be noted that, as heretofore mentioned, the partition IS-of the tapered casting provides greatanaeis er volume for the oil chamber l5 than for the steam chamber 20, and this is an important feature. One of the functions discharged by the steam is to maintain the oil in a heated condition at somewhat less than the boiling point to prevent it from becoming caked or hardened, and it is obvious that if the volumes of the two chambers were equal the oil would become unduly heated.

Also since the casting and its chambers are of tapered form the ilow of oil through its outlet port 2S and the movement of steam through its discharge port 2B will be more uniform, and pulsation and irregular discharges will be avoided, ythe larger volumes of these chambers at the intakes for oil and steam being adequate and comparatively greater to provide a reserve to permit the gradual heating of the oil before it is discharged. One reason why the oil chamber should be larger than the steam chamber is the fact, for operation, the oil must be maintained at a temperature not less than 20G degrees F. and must not attain a temperature greater than 400' degrees F., and this control for production of temperature for the oil is governed by the specified areas which, by

thorough experimentation, has proven to be of utmost importance and necessary in connection with burners for attaining correct results relative to combustion.

It will be understood, of course, that if the size of the burner is changed, the proportions of the volumes should be changed accordingly. Also, if such change in size is made, the proportions for the nozzles should be changed, the conical ends of the nozzles which extend into the chambers being elongated, according to the quality of fuel used.

I claim as my invention,-

l. An oil burner comprising an elongated casting provided with an oil passageway with a discharge port and a steam passageway disposed approximately parallel with the oil passageway and having a discharge port disposed adjacent to the discharge port of the oil passageway, a nozzle in the discharge port of the steam` passageway having a transversely curved, horizontal, outwardly projecting control-plate arranged below its discharge port, and a nozzle in the discharge port of 'the oil passageway having .a transversely curved hood inclined longitudinally toward said control-plate.

2. An oil burner comprising `an elongated, tapered casting provided with a tapered oil passageway with a discharge port and a tapered steam passageway disposed approximately parallel with the oil passageway and having a discharge port adjacent to the discharge port of the oil passageway, a nozzle in the discharge `port of the steam passageway having a transversely curved, outwardly projecting controlplate arranged below its discharge po-rt, a nozzle in the discharge port of the oil passageway having a transversely curved hood inclined longitudinally toward said control-plate, and a tapered base-member disposed beneath .and arranged to be moved for adjusting said casting longitudinally.

3. An oil burner comprising a casting provided with an oil passageway anda steam passageway disposed side by side and opening on an end of the casting, a nozzle mounted in the steam passageway having a transversely curved control-plate projecting outwardly from the end of the casting below the orifice of said nozzle with its longitudinal axis parallel with the axis of the steam passageway, and a transversely curved hood mounted in the oil passageway projecting outwardly from the end of the casting and having a longitudinal curvature toward the controlplate.

4. An oil burner comprising a casting having a tapered passageway for oil under pressure and a tapered passageway for live steam of lesser volume than the volume of the oil passageway, said paseagewa s opening closely adjacent to each other at one end of the casting, a nozzle including a rectilinear control-plate below its oriiice having side walls and mounted. in the steam passageway, yand a nozzle having a longitudinally curved hood with side walls projecting toward the side Walls of the control-plate and mounted in the oil passageway.

5. An oil burner comprising a casting having a steam passageway .and an oil passageway, a nozzle at an end of the casting providing an outlet for the steam passageway and including an outwardly projecting control-plate disposed below said outlet approximately parallel with the axis of the steam passageway and having transversely curved side walls, and a second nozzle at the end of the casting providing an outlet for the oil passageway and including a longitudinally curved hood overhanging the control-plate and having transversely curved side walls projecting toward the side walls of said control-plate.

f6. An oil burner comprising an elongated, longitudinally tapered casting having .a steam passageway of tapered form and a tapered oil passageway, a nozzle projecting outwardly, from the steam passageway and provided below its orice with a rectilinear control-plate with transversely curved side walls, a nozzle projecting outwardly from the oil passageway provided with a longitudinally and transversely curved hood overhanging the control-plate and side Walls of the first named nozzle, and a tapered base-member disposed beneath and arranged to be moved for adjusting the casting longitudinally.

'7. An oil burner comprising an elongated casting having a steam passageway and an oil passageway, a nozzle having a discharge-port of crescent shape in communication With the steam passageway and having a rectilinear controlplate below its discharge-port with transversely curved side walls projecting outwardly from the casting approximately parallel with the axis of the steam passageway, and a nozzle having a discharge port in communication with the oil passageway having a longitudinally and transversely curved hood overhanging the control-plate of the first named nozzle, the discharge-ports of said nozzles being disposed in a vertical plane.

8. An oil burner comprising an elongated kcasting provided with va steam passageway and having an oil passageway of greater volume than the volume of sai-d steam passageway, a nozzle projecting from the end of the casting including a rectilinear control-plate of crescent form in cross-section having a discharge-port .above the control-plate of crescent-form in communication with the steam passageway, and a second nozzle mounted in the end of the casing adjacent the rst named nozzle and provided with a concavo-convex hood with a downwardly curved terminal overhanging the control-plate of the rst named nozzle.

EDWARD A. DoMEs.v

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