US2108188A - Process of yarn dyeing, dressing, and loom beaming - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 15, 1938. N. A. BATHi-:l- DER 2,108,183

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PROCESS OF YARN DYVEING, DRESSING, AND LOOM BEAMING Filed June 5, 193e 17 sheets-sheet 6 5 Z Il! Il Z v 67 Feb. 15, 1938. N. A. BATcHr-:LDER

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PROCESS OF YARN DYEING, DRESSING, AND LOOM BEAMING Filed June 5, 1936 17 Sheets-*Sheet 8 fg /47 /M Feb. l5, 1938. N. A. BATCHELDER 2,108,188

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PROCESS OF YARN DYEING, DRESSING, AND LOOM BEAMING Filed June 5, 1936 17 Sheets-Sheet 15 Feb. l5, 1938. N. A. BATCHELDER 2,108,138

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Patented Feb. 15, 1938 UNITED STATES PROCESS oF YARN DYEING, nnEsslNG,

AND LooM BEAMING Nelson A. Batchelder, Welland, Ontario, Canada Application June 5, 1936, Serial No. 83,791

3 Claims.

This invention relates vto a novel process or method of dyeing yarns.

In the dyeing .of yarns one method hitherto used is to draw o the yarns from wound bodies and assemble the drawn o" yarns side by side to form a sheet or-ribbon. 'I'his sheet or ribbonis led to a suitable dyeing apparatus consisting of a series of vats into which the sheet or ribbon is successively dipped, a power feed being provided between -each pair of/adjacent vats to transfer the sheet or ribbon. Heretofore the yarn has been drawndnto the rst of a series of vats. This method results' in a considerable tension being exerted upon the wet yarn in the rst lvat with the result that much breakage of the yarns occurs.

One important y'object of' the present invention is to provide a novel method whereby the yarn is power fed into the first vat instead of being drawn'through the vat.

A second important object of the invention is' to provide an improved dyeing methodwherein the yarns move through the various vats in a substantially tensionless condition.

In previous methods the sheet or ribbon passes from the rst series of vats over a drying cylinder, through a sizing vat and over a second dry-- ing cylinder to a revolving beam. In such methods the movement from the rst vats tothe beam' is produced entirely by the tension of Winding on the beam. The yarns thus have to rotate all cylinders and rolls by a single pull which causes much breakage of the yarns.

A third important object of the invention is to provide a novel method wherein theyarns are l power fed between the first and second drying operations so that each section in the length of the sheet or ribbon will be subject only to a stress suihcient to rotate one drying cylinder.

After the yarns have been assembled in a sheet or ribbon and led to the primary feeding means the methods previously used involved the sudden overcoming of the inertia or rest of the various yarn bodies, such as cops, warper beams, or the like on which the yarn to be dyed is wound, every time the apparatus is started. This causes a momentary heavy stress on the yarns with consequent great breakage of yarns.

A fourth important object of the invention is to provide an improved method of dyeing wherein the tension due to starting delivery from the feed or supply bodies will be gradually applied so that breakage from, sudden pulls will `be eliminated.

A fth object of the invention is to provide a method wherein the tension on the yarns between the supply bodies and first feeder will be yieldingly relieved or cushioned upon such tension exceeding a predetermined maximum.

In the ordinary method of. sizing yarns they are simply run through a Vat containing sizing matehaving certain novel steps and combinations of steps hereinafter fully described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings as illustrating one :form of apparatus by which the novel method may be carried into execution.

In the accompanying drawings like characters of reference indicate like parts in the several views, and

Figures 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d are plan-views of consecutive portions of the novel dyeing machine, these sections when placed together show a plan view of the complete machine.

Figures 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d are side elevations of the aforesaid plan portions, these elevations when assembled showing a side elevation of the complete machine.

Figure 3 is an enlarged detail side elevation of a portion of the machine and showing theprimarytensioning roll.

Figure 4 is an enlarged detail section on the line 4 4 of Figure 1b.

Figure 5 is a similar section on the lineA 5 5 of Figure 1b. j

Figure 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Figure 4.

Figure 7 is a section on theline 1-1 of Figure 4.

Figure 8 is an enlarged side elevation of the squeeze roll arrangement shown in Figure 2b.

Figure 9 is a section on the line 9--9 of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a section on the line Ill-I0 of Figure 8.

Figure 11 is a section on the line II-ll of Figure 8. l

Figure 12 is aA detail section -o'n` the une |2|zI of Figure 1a.

Figure 13 is a detail section on the line I3-I3 of Figure 12.

Figure 14 is an enlarged detail section on the line I4-I4 of Figure 2b.

Figure 15 is an enlarged detail section on the line I5-I5 of Figures 1b and 2b.

Figure 16 is a section on the line I E-IS of Figure 15.

Figure 17 is an enlarged side elevation of the sizing tank used herein. h Figure 18 is a sectionpartly broken away on the line I8-I8 of Figure 17.

Figure 19 is a fragmentary side elevation of the l side of the tank -opposite to that shown in Figure 17.

Figure 20 is a fragmentary section on the line 20-20 of Figure 18.

Figure 21 is an enlarged fragmentary section onthe line 2I-2I of Figure- 2c.

Figure 22 is a section on the line 22-22 of Figure 21.

Figure 23 is a section on the line 23-23 of Figure 22.

Figure 24 is an enlarged detail section on the line 24--24 of Figure 2c.

Figure 25 is a right side elevation of the elements shown in Figure 24.

Figure 26 is a rear elevation of a certain expansible comb used in this invention, some of the associated parts of the machine being also shown in this figure.

Figure 27 is a plan view of the mechanism shown in Figure 26.

Figure 28 is a further enlarged detail elevation of these parts shown in Figures 26 and 27, the view being taken from the left side of Figure 26. f

Figure 29 is a section on the line 29-29 of Figure 27 but showing the device to the scale used in Figure 28.

Figure 30 is an elevation similar to Figure 28 but from the opposite end.

Figure 31 is a plan View of the presser roll mechanism, certain of the parts being shown in section.

Figure 32 isa front elevation of the parts shown in Figure 31.

Figure 33 is a section on the line 33--33 of Figure 32.

Figure 34` is a section on the line 34-34 of Figure 31.

Figure 35 is a plan view of the calendering rolls removed from the remainder of the machine.

Figure 36 is a section on the line 36-36 of Figure 35.

Figure 37 is a detail fragmentary section showing a certain belt tightening means used herewith.

Figure 38 is a top plan view of the gear drive used herein.

Fig. 39 is a side view thereof.

Figures 39a, 3917 and 39e are sectional diagrams which, taken together, show the run of the ma.- terial through the machine.

Figure 40 is a pla-n of a portion of a modied feeding arrangement forY supplying yarn to the machine.

Figure 41 is a side elevation of the parts shown in Figure 40.

Figure 42 is a diagramillustrating a dye and size distributing and storing arrangement for use in connection with this machine.

In the embodiment of the invention as disclosed in the several`drawings it will be seen that the invention includes a series of instrumentalities arranged successively from right to left in the drawings. As here shown the right hand end of the machine will be referred to in what follows as the rear or feeding end and the left hand end of the machine will be termed the delivery or front end of the machine. Also, the side of the machine seen in Figures 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d will be termed the right side of the machine, the opposite side being, of course, termed the left side.

At the rear of the machine is located a yarn supply means indicated in general at AI in one form and in general at A2 in a second form. The remainder of the mechanism has a frame structure common to substantially all of the other features except certain auxiliary apparatus such as pumps, tanks and pipe connections therefor. At the rear of the main frame is arranged al yarn tensioning and feeding device indicated in general at B. This feeds the yarn to a dyeing and treating apparatus indicated in general at C from whence the yarn passes to a preliminary dryer indicated in general at D. Forward of this dryer is a sizing apparatus indicated in general at E and from this sizing apparatus the yarn passes to a second drying arrangement indicated in general at F. Finally, the dried yarn passes to the delivery apparatus indicated in general at G. It will be seen from what follows that certain of these generally designated sections of the .machine are accompanied by associated devices. The several sections of the apparatus will be presently specically described, the associated devices being also specifically described in connection with the main devices with which they are associated.

The yarn supply means In the form of this part of the machine shown in Figs. 1a, 2a and 39a at AI there is provided a pair of frame or creel sides I0 adapted to revolubly support a series of drums or beams II having the yarn to be dyed Wound thereon, these beams being preferably of standard width. The creel is so designed that the yarns from the different beams may be doubled together in un- Winding to have the several yarns lie side by side to form a fiat sheet or a tape depending on the number and arrangement of the beams. If desired a scallop board (not shown) may be used to assist in the taping operation.

In the form of supply means shown in Figs. 40 and 41 and indicated at A2 there is provided a creel frame I2 supporting a multiplicity of spools or tubes I3 Wound with yarn. Forward of the frame I2 is a leasing frame I4 provided at its rear end with a transverse guide rod I5 which guides the yarns from the lower spools I3 to pass with the yarns from the upper spools I3, over a roller I6 revolubly mounted on the frame I4. A comb II is supported by the frame I4 just forward of the roller I6. The yarn passes through the comb to a set of leasing or separating rods I'Ia and the several strands of yarn are interlaced with the leasing' rods in such manner that, upon the strands having passed the foremost rod these strands will be uniformlyI spaced laterally of the machine to form a at sheet. A bar IIb holds the yarn in the comb.

The feeding and tensioning device This part of the apparatus is shown in Figs. 1a, 2a, 3 and 39a.

At the rear of the main portion of the machine is a pair of brackets I9 on each of which sion roll 29. To each arm '21 is connected the rear is mounted a set of three bearings 2|) wherein are journalled three feed rollers 2l. At the left side of the machine these rollers have their journals 22 provided with meshing gears 23 of equal pitch diameter so that the rollers are geared together to revolve at equal speeds. On the journal 22 of one of these rollers is xed a bevel gear 24 wherewith meshes a bevel gear 25 fixed on a shaft 26. 'I'he supports and drive for this shaft will'be described hereinafter but it is to be now understood that, during the operation of the machine the shaft 26 is constantly rotated. Pivoted to each of thel brackets I9 is a depending tension roll arm 21 and in the lower ends of these arms are revolubly mounted the journals 28 of a tenend of a forwardly extending tension spring 38 which has itsforward end anchored to the bracket i9 so that the tension roll is constantly urged forwardly. This tension roll is located normally vertically below the middle feed roller 2|. The yarn strands pass from the rear under the tension roll and around the forward part of this roll. kThe strands pass from the tension roll rearwardly beneath and around the rear feed roll then forwardly and downwardly to run under the middle feed roll and then forwardly and upwardly over the front feed roll. In Figure 2a. an auxiliary creel frame 3l is shown carrying beams 32 and the strands pass from the forward beam forwardly to the tension roll. Under these conditions when the machine is started the springs 30 yield to allow the tension roll to swing rearwardly and relieve the jerk on the strands which would occur if the strands ran directly from the beams to the feed roll, considerable force being necessary to overcome the inertia of the heavy beams in starting them to revolve to unwind the yarn.

The dyeing and treating apparatus The apparatus shown in Figs. 1a, 2a, 1b, 4 toA 14, 39a and 39h and indicated at C includes a vat or tank 33 extending longitudinally of the machine and supported on bearers 34. This tank, at its rear end supports the brackets I9 and extends forwardly from these brackets. Spaced from the rear end of the tank is a transverse partition 35.which divides the tank into a rear dyeing section and a forward treating section centrally of the dyeing section is a partition 36 dividing the dyeing section into rear and forwardl compartments. The partition 36 is provided with a manhole which may be closed by a manhole cover 38 which may thus separate the two compartments or maybe removed to throw the two compartments into one. In dyeing for the darker or more pronounced shades the manhole is opened but, for lighter and more delicate shades the manhole may be closed and the forward compartment alone used for dyeing, the rear compartment being used, if desired, to effect a preliminary washing or other treating of the yarn. In each of the dyeing compartments, at the sides thereof are four pairs of bearingstandards 38', the standards of each pair being oppositely disposed. The lower part-s of each pair of standards f blocks 55 and 15 are provided with ribs 18 which support the journals 39 of lower yarn guiding rollers 40. These rollers revolve on fixed axes. At the upper end of each standard is a bearing fork 4| and intermediate its height each standard 39 has a rearwardly opening and downwardly directed bearing slot 42. Upper yarn guiding rollers 43 are provided with journals 44 which may be positioned either in the forks 4| or the slots 42 so that these upper rollers may be positioned above the water line of the dye bath or below this water line. The water line thus lies between the two positions of the upper rollers. The yarn passes around these rollers in the manner shown in Figure 39a. By means of this selective positioning of the upper yarn guide rollers the yarn may be kept immersed during its entire travel through each compartment or may be caused to pass into the air above the bath any number of times within the limits of the arrangement (as shown from one to eight times) in order to effect oxidizatlon of the dye when using certain types of dyes. The forward section of the tank 34 is preferably divided into four compartments by transverse partitions 45 and in each of the compartments thus formed there is provided a set of three pairs of bearing standards 46 carrying lower guide rollers 41 and upper guide rollers 46. The standards 46 are identical in form and function with the standards 38 so that the upper guide rollers may be positioned in the baths in these treatment compartments or above said baths. Thus each standard 46 has a fork bearing 49 at its upper ends and an inclined slot bearing 50 below the fork.

Extending along each side of the tank 33 is a top flange 5| and on each of these flanges is mounted a series of bearing standards each of which consists of a base 52 carrying an upwardly extending pair of spaced guides 53 having parallel confronting faces each of which is provided with slot is formed in each of these bearing standards and in the bottom of each slot rests a spacer block 55 which is secured in position as by bolts 56. On the block 55 rests a lower and stationary bearing 56' wherein is supported one-of the journals 51 of a lower squeeze `roll 58. On the upper end of one of the guide members 53 is formed a pivot ear 59 which is straddled by the forked end 60 of a presser lever 6|, this forked end being connected to the ear 59 by a pivot pin 62. From the free end of the lever 6| extends a lateral arm 63 which supports a depending hanger 64 carry- .ing removable weights 65 which thus urge the free end of the lever downwardly. Between the arms of the forked end 60 is located a nut 66 which is pivotally connected to the lever -by aligned screws 61. 'Through this nut passes an adjusting screw 68 having a hand wheel 69 at its upper end. The lower end of this screw is provided with a head 18. Slidably mounted for vertical movement between the guides 53 is an upper bearing4 1| which carries one of the journals 12 of an upper squeeze roll 13. This bearing 1| has a T-slot 14 in its upper end and in the slot 14 is fitted the lower end of the screw 66, its head engaging in the wider part of the T-slot so that the screw, upon rotation, will raise or lower the upper bearing. Fitted between the upper ends of the guides 53 is a block 15 which is secured in position by bolts 16. This block is provided with a stop lug 11 upon which the lever 6| may rest when the screw is turned to raise the upper bearing. Each of the bearings and the t in the guide grooves 54 to prevent lateral movement of these parts in the guides 53. 'I'hesepairs of squeeze rolls are arranged on the tank in such positions that the yarn, in passing from a compartment of the tank will pass between the rolls of a pair so as to have the major part of the liquid squeezed or expressed from the yarn. By regulating the amount of weight carried by the a vertical guide slot 54. Thus a vertical guide

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