US2105655A - Alloy of nickel, titanium, cobalt, iron, and aluminum for permanent magnets - Google Patents
Alloy of nickel, titanium, cobalt, iron, and aluminum for permanent magnets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2105655A US2105655A US25344A US2534435A US2105655A US 2105655 A US2105655 A US 2105655A US 25344 A US25344 A US 25344A US 2534435 A US2534435 A US 2534435A US 2105655 A US2105655 A US 2105655A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cobalt
- nickel
- titanium
- aluminum
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 32
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title description 16
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 16
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 15
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title description 15
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 less than 50% Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in alloys for permanent magnets and more particularly to an alloy consisting mainly of nickel, titanium, cobalt, aluminum and iron, and has for its object to provide a permanent magnet which has a very high coercive force and long durability.
- This invention is to obviate the above mentioned defects and to provide an alloy which is well adapted for a permanent magnet of a smaller dimension-ratio, and possesses stable magnetic properties for temperature changes and mechanical shocks and has particularly high coercive force.
- the alloy of this invention can be obtained by melting together nickel, titanium, cobalt, aluminum and iron in the proportion of 3 to 50% nickel, 8.1 to 50% titanium, less than 60% cobalt, .1 to 20% aluminum, and the remainder substantially iron.
- the preferred composition of the alloy may be of 10.1 to 30% nickel, 8.1 to 40% titanium, less than 50%, cobalt, 2 to 10% aluminum and the remainder iron.
- the molten product may be cast in a suitable mold or sucked up into a tube of refractory material to give a desired shape.
- the cast product is preferably annealed at a suitable temperature such as 500 to 800 C. to give it stability.
- the alloy of this invention may be obtained by melting together iron, nickel, cobalt, titanium and aluminum at a proper proportion, yet it is more convenient in practice to use iron or mild steel, nickel, cobalt, aluminum and ferro-titanium.
- Such magnetic properties are obtained by casting the alloys and afterwards annealing them at about 670 C. for two hours. It will be recognized that the above alloys show particularly high coercive force.
- the alloys of the present invention may also contain aluminum in the proportion of less than 20% for a, further increase of the residual magnetic induction and the coercive force.
- the alloy of this invention is well adapted for the material for permanent magnets in general and more especially of smaller dimension-ratio and it has very stable structure at a temperature below about 700 C., and its magnetic properties are not substantially aflected by the change of temperatures and thus it is most suitable for the material of permanent magnets ior fine instruments and also for heat resisting permanent magnets.
- a permanent magnet formed of an alloy containing 10.1% to 40% nickel, 8.1% to 40% titanium, 0.01% to 50% cobalt, .1% to 20%alumimm and at least 20% iron and a small amount of impurities.
- a permanent magnet formed of an alloy containing 3% to 50% nickel, 8.1% to 50% titanium, .1% to 50% cobalt, .1% to 20% aluminum and at least 20% iron and. a small amount of impurities.
- a permanent magnet formed of an alloy containing about 11% nickel, 10% titanium, 20% cobalt, .1% to 20% aluminum, and the remainder iron and a small amount of impurities, characterized by a coercive force of about 250 gausses or more.
- a permanent magnet formed of an alloy containing about 16% nickel, 11% titanium, 28% cobalt, .1% to 20% aluminum, and the remainder iron and a small amount of impurities, characterized by a coercive force of about 830, gausses or 10 more.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Description
' ngatented Jan. 18, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALLOY OF NICKEL, TITANIUM, COBALT, IRON, AND ALUMINUM FOR PERMANENT MAGNETS Kotaro Honda, Sendai, Japan 8 Claims.
This invention relates to improvements in alloys for permanent magnets and more particularly to an alloy consisting mainly of nickel, titanium, cobalt, aluminum and iron, and has for its object to provide a permanent magnet which has a very high coercive force and long durability.
This forms a division from application Ser. No. 735,898, filed July 18, 19341 and also from the parent application Ser. No. 697,874, filed Nov. 13, 1933, both pending.
Heretofore commonly used magnet steels such as tungsten steel, chrome steel and the like have comparatively small coercive force of only to gausses and if such alloy steels are used as a permanent magnet they lack durability and are especially unsuitable for a magnet of smaller dimension-ratio, that is, having a small ratio of the length and diameter. Moreover, such alloy steels are greatly affected by temperature variations and mechanical shocks and show unstable magnetic properties.
This invention is to obviate the above mentioned defects and to provide an alloy which is well adapted for a permanent magnet of a smaller dimension-ratio, and possesses stable magnetic properties for temperature changes and mechanical shocks and has particularly high coercive force.
The alloy of this invention can be obtained by melting together nickel, titanium, cobalt, aluminum and iron in the proportion of 3 to 50% nickel, 8.1 to 50% titanium, less than 60% cobalt, .1 to 20% aluminum, and the remainder substantially iron. The preferred composition of the alloy may be of 10.1 to 30% nickel, 8.1 to 40% titanium, less than 50%, cobalt, 2 to 10% aluminum and the remainder iron. The molten product may be cast in a suitable mold or sucked up into a tube of refractory material to give a desired shape. The cast product is preferably annealed at a suitable temperature such as 500 to 800 C. to give it stability.
As above described, though the alloy of this invention may be obtained by melting together iron, nickel, cobalt, titanium and aluminum at a proper proportion, yet it is more convenient in practice to use iron or mild steel, nickel, cobalt, aluminum and ferro-titanium.
As for example, the following two alloys of this invention .show magnetic properties as follows:
Nickel 11 16 Titanium 10% 11% 5 Cobalt 20% 28% Iron Remainder Remainder Residual magnetic induction (gausses) 9000 7500 coercive force 10 (gausses) 250 830 Such magnetic properties are obtained by casting the alloys and afterwards annealing them at about 670 C. for two hours. It will be recognized that the above alloys show particularly high coercive force.
The alloys of the present invention may also contain aluminum in the proportion of less than 20% for a, further increase of the residual magnetic induction and the coercive force.
Accordingly the alloy of this invention is well adapted for the material for permanent magnets in general and more especially of smaller dimension-ratio and it has very stable structure at a temperature below about 700 C., and its magnetic properties are not substantially aflected by the change of temperatures and thus it is most suitable for the material of permanent magnets ior fine instruments and also for heat resisting permanent magnets.
I claim:
1. An alloy containing about 10.1% to 40% nickel, 8.1% to 40% titanium, .01% to 50% cobalt, .1% to 20% aluminum, and at least 20% iron and a small amount of impurities, characterized by 35 a coercive force of about 250 gausses or more.
2. An alloy containing about 3% to 50% nickel, 8.1% to 50% titanium, .1 to 50% cobalt, .1% to 20% aluminum, and at least 20% substantially iron, characterized by a coercive force of about 250 gausses or more. I
3. An alloy containing about 11% nickel, 10% titanium, 20% cobalt, .1% to 20% aluminum, and the remainder iron and a small amount of impurities, characterized by a coercive force of about 250 gausses or more.
4. An alloy containing about 16% nickel, 11% titanium, 28% cobalt, .1% to 20% aluminum, and the remainder iron and a small amount of impurities, characterized by a coercive force 0! about 830 gausses or more.
5. A permanent magnet formed of an alloy containing 10.1% to 40% nickel, 8.1% to 40% titanium, 0.01% to 50% cobalt, .1% to 20%alumimm and at least 20% iron and a small amount of impurities.
6. A permanent magnet formed of an alloy containing 3% to 50% nickel, 8.1% to 50% titanium, .1% to 50% cobalt, .1% to 20% aluminum and at least 20% iron and. a small amount of impurities.
7. A permanent magnet formed of an alloy containing about 11% nickel, 10% titanium, 20% cobalt, .1% to 20% aluminum, and the remainder iron and a small amount of impurities, characterized by a coercive force of about 250 gausses or more.
8. A permanent magnet formed of an alloy containing about 16% nickel, 11% titanium, 28% cobalt, .1% to 20% aluminum, and the remainder iron and a small amount of impurities, characterized by a coercive force of about 830, gausses or 10 more.
KOTARO HONDA.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US25344A US2105655A (en) | 1933-11-13 | 1935-06-06 | Alloy of nickel, titanium, cobalt, iron, and aluminum for permanent magnets |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US697874A US2105652A (en) | 1933-05-01 | 1933-11-13 | Steel for permanent magnets |
| US25344A US2105655A (en) | 1933-11-13 | 1935-06-06 | Alloy of nickel, titanium, cobalt, iron, and aluminum for permanent magnets |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2105655A true US2105655A (en) | 1938-01-18 |
Family
ID=26699627
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US25344A Expired - Lifetime US2105655A (en) | 1933-11-13 | 1935-06-06 | Alloy of nickel, titanium, cobalt, iron, and aluminum for permanent magnets |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2105655A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3243285A (en) * | 1962-02-05 | 1966-03-29 | Int Nickel Co | High strength welding materials |
-
1935
- 1935-06-06 US US25344A patent/US2105655A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3243285A (en) * | 1962-02-05 | 1966-03-29 | Int Nickel Co | High strength welding materials |
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