US2105366A - Process for the manufacture of nondepositing liquid soaps - Google Patents
Process for the manufacture of nondepositing liquid soaps Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2105366A US2105366A US712656A US71265634A US2105366A US 2105366 A US2105366 A US 2105366A US 712656 A US712656 A US 712656A US 71265634 A US71265634 A US 71265634A US 2105366 A US2105366 A US 2105366A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- soap
- turbidity
- kilograms
- manufacture
- soaps
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 title description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 5
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 5
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010678 Paulownia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002834 Paulownia tomentosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006184 cellulose methylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/08—Liquid soap, e.g. for dispensers; capsuled
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
- C11D9/26—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/48—Superfatting agents
Definitions
- Transparent liquid soaps exhibit more or less the property of separating turbid matter which slowly settles to the bottom. Troublesome and expensive measures are therefore necessary in 5 order to manufacture goodliquid soaps. Such measures consist for example in the use of special fat mixtures, in cooling, filtering and long storage and the like. Even well-cooled liquid soaps after filtration often exhibit, however, the same unpleasant property to a greater or lesser degree. Furthermore, it is lmown that transparent limiid soaps do not, in general, have any favorable action upon the human skin, which in fact with the use of clear liquid soap, even liquid soap which is completely neutral, often becomes rough and cracked Y 'lhe present invention relates to a liquid soap with which the aforesaid disadvantages do not,
- liquid soaps If a liquid soap is-made from the usual fat mixture for liquid soaps, it exhibits turbid matter which settles to the bottom, for
- the soap thus manufactured 40 does not exhibit any bottom sediment, even after the fat mixture are held in suspension with and by the additional substances.
- the manufacture of the new liquid soaps may be carried out in diflgerent ways.
- the desired turbidity agents preferably superfatting agents
- the turbidity agents may, however, be allowed to being stored for three weeks, but on the contrary the turbidity-producing substances derived from producing substances which are present per se in form in the liquid soap, or may be added to the starting materials employed for the manufacture oi the liquid soaps.
- wetting and emulsifying agents may be added to prevent the turbidity agents from settling.
- the turbidity agents consist of superfatting agents, then the new liquid soaps, in regard to their action upon the skin, are in no way inferior to first grade toilet soaps.
- turbidity agents for the liquid soaps superfatting agents are preferably employed, such as for example-wool fat, higher fatty alcohols, i. e. alcohols having eight and more carbon atoms, the higher alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols, for example of the glycol, the glycerol, the polyglycol or the polyglycerol, the term higher alkyl ethers denoting those having eight and more carbon atoms, also paraihn wax and the like.
- Other insoluble organic or inorganic substances may be employed as turbidity agents, as for example wood powder, clay, calcium carbonate and the like. These inorganic turbidity agents are also capable of maintaining in suspension the turbidity agents derived from the mixture.
- turbidity agent as employed in the specification and claims, is intended to embrace those substances having the following physical properties: (1) The property of principally reflecting and not absorbing light, (2) the particles making up the substances must be of such dimension that the light is reflected therefrom diffusely. Too small particles. (below the limit of the colloids) and particles that are ,too large (particles of macroscopic size) cannotbe used.
- wetting and emulsifying agents the known agents may be employed.
- the stearin may be replaced entirely or partly by a wax acid, of thew-Montan series.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
STAT E PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF NON- v DEPOSITING LIQ SOAPS Louis Frledricmwelm Dusseldorf h, the firm Henkcl &
Pope and Hans Umbach, Ge I! .i 'I Simon to (lie. Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Hai'tung, Dusseldorf, Gay
Transparent liquid soaps exhibit more or less the property of separating turbid matter which slowly settles to the bottom. Troublesome and expensive measures are therefore necessary in 5 order to manufacture goodliquid soaps. Such measures consist for example in the use of special fat mixtures, in cooling, filtering and long storage and the like. Even well-cooled liquid soaps after filtration often exhibit, however, the same unpleasant property to a greater or lesser degree. Furthermore, it is lmown that transparent limiid soaps do not, in general, have any favorable action upon the human skin, which in fact with the use of clear liquid soap, even liquid soap which is completely neutral, often becomes rough and cracked Y 'lhe present invention relates to a liquid soap with which the aforesaid disadvantages do not,
liquid soaps. If a liquid soap is-made from the usual fat mixture for liquid soaps, it exhibits turbid matter which settles to the bottom, for
example in the course of three weeks. If, on the contrary, the same liquid soap is mixed according to the present invention, either immediately after or during manufacture, with finely dispersed turbidity agents, the soap thus manufactured 40 does not exhibit any bottom sediment, even after the fat mixture are held in suspension with and by the additional substances.
The manufacture of the new liquid soaps may be carried out in diflgerent ways. For instance, the desired turbidity agents, preferably superfatting agents, may be added to liquid soaps. The turbidity agents may, however, be allowed to being stored for three weeks, but on the contrary the turbidity-producing substances derived from producing substances which are present per se in form in the liquid soap, or may be added to the starting materials employed for the manufacture oi the liquid soaps. If desired, wetting and emulsifying agents may be added to prevent the turbidity agents from settling.
In. many respects, the new liquid soaps possess 0 Drawing. Application February 23, 193%, So-
rial No. 712,656. In
- Bistro]! 8, 1938 advantages over the liquid soaps known heretofore.
which separates out is concealed by the content of turbidity agents. Along storage time is likewise not necessary but on the contrary the soaps are ready for export and sale immediately after their manufacture.
If the turbidity agents consist of superfatting agents, then the new liquid soaps, in regard to their action upon the skin, are in no way inferior to first grade toilet soaps.
As turbidity agents for the liquid soaps superfatting agents are preferably employed, such as for example-wool fat, higher fatty alcohols, i. e. alcohols having eight and more carbon atoms, the higher alkyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols, for example of the glycol, the glycerol, the polyglycol or the polyglycerol, the term higher alkyl ethers denoting those having eight and more carbon atoms, also paraihn wax and the like. Other insoluble organic or inorganic substances may be employed as turbidity agents, as for example wood powder, clay, calcium carbonate and the like. These inorganic turbidity agents are also capable of maintaining in suspension the turbidity agents derived from the mixture.
The term turbidity agent, as employed in the specification and claims, is intended to embrace those substances having the following physical properties: (1) The property of principally reflecting and not absorbing light, (2) the particles making up the substances must be of such dimension that the light is reflected therefrom diffusely. Too small particles. (below the limit of the colloids) and particles that are ,too large (particles of macroscopic size) cannotbe used.
As wetting and emulsifying agents, the known agents may be employed.
Examples present is neutralized and there is a low acid number. A liquid soap is obtained.
(2) To 2500 kilograms of a suitable fat mixture consisting of cocoanut oil, castor oil and olive oil are added 600 kilograms of paraflin wax having a-melting point of C. The melt is then saponified with 1200 kilograms of a 50 per cent. caustic potash solution diluted with- 700 kilograms of water. 700 kilograms of stearic acidare stirred molten into the resulting unsalted-out soap mass, and thereupon the mass is diluted with 8000 kilograms of hot water. Y
(3) To 2500 kilograms of cocoanut oil are added '75 kilograms of Montan wax. The melt is saponified with 1200 kilograms of a 50 per cent. caustic potash solution diluted with 700 kilograms of water. The-resulting un-salted-out soap mass stearic acid and is then diluted with 8500 kilograms of water.
The stearin may be replaced entirely or partly by a wax acid, of thew-Montan series. r
(4)v 500 kilograms of a 25 per cent. liquid soap the fat mixture of which consists of 24 parts of tallow, 12 parts of cocoanut oil and 8 parts of castor oil are mixed with a 10 per cent. solution of calcium chloride until no more lime soap is precipitated. The lime soap is filtered oil and washed. The washed lime soap is introduced into a boiling solution of 20 kilograms'of potash in 500 kilograms of water and is boiled for about one to two hours. The still unconverted quantity of potash, amounting to about 1 to 2 per cent. of a the reaction mass, is then reacted with sufiilcient palm kernel oil fatty acid to give an acid number of 3 to 5, calculated on the soap milk. The quantity of lime soap employed may also be manufactured by the direct method. The calcium carbonate formed in the double decomposition does not settle and also maintains any other turbidity forming matter in suspension.
(5) 94 kilograms of cocoanut oil and 3 kilograms of Montan wax are saponified luke-warm with '56 kilograms of a 47 per cent. caustic potash solutioniSoap A).
Furthermore, 385 kilograms of a 1 per cent. solution of water-soluble cellulose (methyl cellulose), which serves for emulsifying the superiatting agent and the other turbidity producing substances, are mixed with 6.8 kilograms: of a solution of potassium hydroxide. With this mixture 11.1 kilograms of resin and 5.6 kilograms stirring. A non-depositing liquid We claim;-
' 1. In the manufacture of potash liquid soaps which normally involve a filtering or other purifying process, the step of incorporating with said soaps, which contain an inherently present material which imparts a turbidity to said soaps and tends to settle out of said soaps, asubstantial quantity of a superfatting substance comprising a member selected from the group consisting of stearic acid, Montan wax, paraffin wax, wool fat, higher fatty alcohols, and higher alkyl ethers of glycol, glycerol, polyglycol and polyglycerol, said superfatting substance being present in sufiicient quantity to impart a definite turbidity to 'said soap, and preponderating over the turbidity power of any normally sediment-forming material inherently present in said soap.
2. In the manufacture of potash liquid soaps which normally involve a filtering or other purifying process, and which contain "an inherently present material which imparts a turbidity thereto and normally tends to settle out, the process of melting a fat mixture suitable for the manufacture of said liquidsoap, paraflin wax, wool fat and Montan wax, saponifying the mixture with a caustic potash solution and dilutingthe resultant soap with water, said parafiln wax,'wool fat and Montan wax being present in sumcient quantity to impart a definite turbidity to said soap and preponderating over the turbidity power of any normally sediment-forming material inherently present in said soap.
3. The process set forth-in claim 2, together with the further step of mixing the'diluted soap with molten stearin until the free alkali present is neutralized.
4. In the manufacture of potash liquid soaps which normally involve a filtering or other purifying process, and which contain an inherently present materialiwhich imparts a turbidity thereto and normally tends to settle out, the process of melting 'cocoanut oil, castor oil and olive oil with parailin, saponifying said melt with a caustic potash solution, diluting the resultant soap with water, and incorporating with said soap during one of the aforesaid steps of manuiacture, a quantity of stearic acid, said parafiin and stearic acid being present in suflicient quan 'tity to impart a-definite turbidity to said soap and preponderatingover the turbidity power of any normally sediment-forming material inherently present in'said soap.-
5. The process set forth in claim 4, wherein said stearic acid is incorporated with said soap subsequent to saponification thereof.
LOUIS FRIEDRICH WILHELM PAPE. HANS UMBACH.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2105366X | 1933-03-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2105366A true US2105366A (en) | 1938-01-11 |
Family
ID=7985173
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US712656A Expired - Lifetime US2105366A (en) | 1933-03-08 | 1934-02-23 | Process for the manufacture of nondepositing liquid soaps |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2105366A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE401035A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL38983C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2483135A (en) * | 1949-09-27 | Impregnating agent- for metal | ||
| WO2012140488A1 (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-18 | Laboratoires Labema | Process for the protective treatment of metals based on a water-soluble composition of saponified plant oil(s), and products and compositions obtained |
-
0
- NL NL38983D patent/NL38983C/xx active
- BE BE401035D patent/BE401035A/xx unknown
-
1934
- 1934-02-23 US US712656A patent/US2105366A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2483135A (en) * | 1949-09-27 | Impregnating agent- for metal | ||
| WO2012140488A1 (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-18 | Laboratoires Labema | Process for the protective treatment of metals based on a water-soluble composition of saponified plant oil(s), and products and compositions obtained |
| FR2974112A1 (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-19 | Labema Lab | PROCESS FOR TREATING METALS BASED ON WATER SOLUBLE OIL (S) SAPONIFIED (S) COMPOSITION AND PRODUCTS AND COMPOSITIONS OBTAINED |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE401035A (en) | |
| NL38983C (en) |
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