US2103660A - Door check and closer - Google Patents

Description

Dec.

/M ATTORNEY. r

Dec. 28, E BQMMER DOOR CHECK AND CLOSER 2 sheets-sheet 2 Filed Dec. 26, 1934 l INVENTOR. finzi 'mwzef BY l W MAATTORNEY.

in connection with lavatory doors or the like, and Y 1 VPatented Dec. 28, Y1937 l 2,103,660 Doon CHECK AND CLOSER o Emillommenrooklyn, N. Y.; Gustav Bommer, VJohn F. Voelkel, and Charles F. Gehrmann executors of said Emil Bommel', deceased .Application December 26, 1934, Serial No.v759,170

5 Claims. (C1. 1ct-5o) This invention has reference to improvements in .vor relating to a door check and closer of the type in which .the action ofa tensioned's'pring causes .closing movement ,of the door and at the .same time causes movement of a piston against checking medium whereby automatically to regulate the closing movement of the door.

The invention has .for its object to improve generally in the construction and operation 'of a door check and closer and is illustrated as embodied in a hinge adapted to beengaged with a stile foruse I desire to make it understood that my rinvention is not conned or limited to thisparticular type of hinge, but may be employed in suitably designed 'door-supporting vor closing constructions,v whether engageable with .the stile, with the flooring below the door or the lintel above the door.

An object of my invention isto provide within the casing containingthe checking medium, a sliding connection between the door spindle and the piston which is opposed by the checking medium during the closing movement of the door,'and a screw-threaded connection between such piston and an anchor member.V By my simple and rnovel arrangement, the piston turns with the turning movement of the spindle and by reason of its screw connection with the anchor member it is auto# matically given an independentl axial movement relatively to the spindle when itis turned by the spindle. During they closing movement'of theA door, the piston while turning is moved' axially against the checking medium in apressure'chamber which is formed between the piston and the anchor member, andduringv the opening movementy of the door the piston is actuated in a coun-V terdirectionin which it is unopposed by the pressure force Vof the checking medium.

Another object of the invention is to provide in a construction of thecharacter described a valve for regulating the flow of checking uid in the relief passage leading from the pressure chamber,

. the parts being so arranged that .thi'sregulating valvemay bel disposed for manipulation from the outside of thecasing. Another object of the invention inthis connection-is to provide in associv ation with the pressure chamber, a valve guarded relief or dumpingchamber adapted instantly to e accommodate some of the checking fluid in order to relieve stresses and strains on theworking parts ,in the event it is attempted manually to forcethe closing movementofthe door'.

VAnother object Yof the invention Visto provide au construction inv which the Ydoor-engaging spindlev is Vfurnished forv easy turning movement with ,a

Yalso the weight'of the door supported thereby, in

.caseswherethe spindle supports Ythe door,`will`lbe supported in theltop portion of the casing. '5 Y With the foregoing and other objects in view, my invention'consists of the -features of 'construction, and of the combination and relative arrange-V ment ofy the several parts as hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the 10 accompanying drawings, in which:-` f V Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional View through a doorcheck land closer made in accordance with my invention; Y

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the line "15 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectionaldetail taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2,V showing the valve for regulating the flow of checking fluid in the outlet passage of the pressure chamber; v 20 Fig.4 4 is an Yelevational part Vsectional view, showing the parts by means of which the doorengaging spindle is mounted and 'slidingly connected with the piston, these parts being shown separated but in properV relation "for assembly; 25

Fig.'5 is a side elevational view of the stationary or lower anchor member for the torsion spring;

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view taken on theV line 6-6 of Fig. 5; .Q Y

Fig. '7 is a top plan view ofthe piston; i 30 Fig. 8 is a side elevation andsection of the..piston, the section being on the line 8 8 of Fig. 7,'to show the ball valves; l A

Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the anchor post;A and Fig, 10 is a side and part sectional view there- 35 of..

Referring now in detail to the accompanying drawings, wherein for purposes of illustration only, I have shown my improvements as embodied ina hinge designed for use in connection with lav-V atory doors, II denotes a casing of general cylindrical form and of appropriate length, having spaced leaves I2 for embracing the stile and having a spindle I3 for engaging the door,V the upper end of thegspindle for this purpose being prefer- 45 ably of angular or polygonal form in cross section in orderv to engage in a correspondingly shaped socket in the door.

`v.The casing is represented as provided with an' integral bottom end I4 formed with an axial downwardly projecting boss I5 in which is pro- Y priately countersunk as at I8 Yto accomodate the T VVhead of the screw.` I9 denotes a vertically dis, 55- Y posed cylindrical member or post the lower end of which consists of a reduced portion or boss 2t which fits in a circular recess 2i in the bottom end and is axially provided with a screwthreaded opening 22 for engagement by the inner end of the screw whereby to secure this element or post rigidly with the casing. This cylindrical element or post, along its longitudinal axis, is provided with spirally cut female threads 23, and for convenience in manufacture these threads are preferably produced in a separate member or sleeve 24 which is fitted within a suitable bore in the post and secured in place by means of elongated pins 25 inserted in bores made partly in the post itself and partly in the sleeve as shown in Figs. 1 and 9.

26 is the piston and this element is formed with a tubular portion 21 slidably tting around the post i9 to provide therewith a checking fluid chamber 28. The piston is provided with an axial stem V29 which is furnished with male spiral threads 30 for engagement in the threads of the post. f

Resting upon the bottom end i4 and of a dimension to engage the inner face of the side wall of the casing is a collar or ring 3l, its upper portion 3l' being inwardly offset and having an interior diameter of sufcient'size to provide an annular space between it and the exterior surface of the tubular portion 21 of the piston. Due to the provision of the inwardly offset portion 3l', this collar has an annular top seat or ledge 32 and it forms around the post a chamber 33 ot copious size, which chamber is in communication with the main chamber of the casing Vthrough the annular space 34. This collar or ring 3i is designed to serve as an anchorage and seat for the coil torsion spring 35. To this end, in the present embodiment, said collar 3l is secured rigidly with the casing by means of a set screw 36. The lowermost coil of the torsion spring rests upon the annular shoulder 32 of the collar and the lower terminal 31 of this spring is engaged in an open notch 38 provided in the inwardly offset portion 3l of the collar.

Between the spindle and the piston there is provided a connecter device bymeans of which the piston is rotated with the rotation of the spindle and at the same time is permitted to have an independent axial movement which is compelled by the spirally shaped threads between the piston and the anchor post. In the present embodiment, this connecter device is represented as comprising a cylindrical body 33 in which the piston is telescoped for its functional movements, the upper or closed end 4i) of this element being rigidly secured to the lower end of the spindle I3 by means of a pin 4l. The cylindrical wall of this element is provided lengthwise thereof along diametrically opposite lines with keyways or guide slots 42 in which are slidably engaged key members 43 provided on the periphery of the piston parallel with the longitudinal axis thereof. The spiral threads between the piston and the stationary post are so cut that on the opening movement of the door the piston while rotating with the spindle, will be caused to rise upwardly from the post, enlarging the checking luid chamber 28 for the ow thereinto of checking uid; and on the closing movement of the door the piston will be compelled to move in a counterdirection, that is to say, toward the top end of the stationary post, thereby contracting the checking uid chamber and moving against the checking fluid therein.

The spindle with the weight of the door supported thereby, if the spindle is used in an arrangement for supporting the door, is supported for operation in the top portion of the casing and jo-urnaled in a cap closure 44 which is screwthreaded at 45 in the top oi the casing. rIhe closure 44 is by preference made with a central exterior hub or boss portion 46 having a suitable bore in which the plain or smooth portion 4'! of the spindle is journaled; and also by preference this hub portion at its outer end is provided around the smooth portion 4l of the spindle, with a cavity for containing packing or the like 48 which is held in place by an appropriate nut lithreadedly engaged with the portion 46. Adjoining its plain portion il the spindle is provided with a disk 53 which has rotary fit in a suitable circular recess l provided for the purpose in the underface of the closure. In the present instance, this disk is represented as being made integral with the spindle, but thisof course is not essential. Adjacent to and below the disk 53, the spindle is formed with an angular portion 52, herein shown to be four-sided, and this four-sided portion fits in a corresponding opening provided in the flange 53 upstanding from the collar or ring 54. The outer face of the ange 53 is of circular form and it is surrounded by a disk 55 of larger diameter than the disk 5B and which rests upon an annular shoulder or ledge 56 provided in the casing wall immediately below the screw-threads 45. Antifriction ball elements 51 are disposed between the disks 50 and 55 and in suitable raceways provided therein. The collar or ring 54 is formed with an annular shoulder or seat 58 for the upper end of the torsion spring and it is also formed with a cylindrical portion or apron 59 at the inner face of the spring and which, it will be observed, is of larger diameter than the upper end 40 of the connecter. Said cylindrical portion 59 is provided with an open notch 60 in which the upper terminal of the torsion spring is engaged. From an inspection of Fig. 1, it will be observed that the parts of this spindle mounting are so arranged that when the cap closure is tightly screw-threaded into place, its Ybottom portion Si will be tightly engaged with the disk 55 opposite the annular shoulder 5S on which this disk rests, thereby holding all of the parts securely in place and permitting rotation of the collar 54 with the rotation of the spindle.

In assembling the parts of the device, the stationary post with the threadedly engaged piston having been applied, and the lower anchor collar having been applied, the torsion spring is inserted and more or less compressed to act in opposite directions against the end collars, and the polygonal portion 52 of the spindle is applied to the correspondingly shaped opening in the flange of the collar 54 in such manner that the spring will be tensioned, that is to say, wound or twisted at the upper end portion thereof, to the extent necessary to furnish the torsional force or power which it is desired to supply to the particular door in connection with which the device is to be utilized. In short, the spring is given its desired tensional force before the application of the polygonally formed portion 52 to the correspondingly formed opening in the collar 54, and this is of course done before the application of the cap closure to the casing.

For admitting checking fluidv into the checking fluid chamber 28 during'the rising actuation of the piston, the latter is provided with inlet roV passages B2i in which aretprovi'dedupwardly seat'- `ing.l hall. valves 63. During the upward movement of the piston,V the che'cki-ngfluid passes downwa'rdly around the ball.Y valves andV .around the pins 6,4 .which support th'ese valves adjacent the '-chamberl "On the. ydescending movement of the piston, the checking fluidV forces the valves -upwardly against ltheir seats. The relief outlet 'for the'V checkingiluid is provided in the station- `ary 'post and consists of a passage 65 which leads downwardly `through said4 postrand has` abranch 66 vwhich discharges into the space Ibelow the -screw Istem of thepiston vand also has a port '61 .which discharges intof the' chamber '33; Ihe discharge of the checking fluid, which of ycourseis effected during. the descending movement of the piston against the checking fluid in the chamber 28, is regulated by a pointed pin valve 68 which is disposed with its point entering through the ,port 61 and so as to be manipulated for adjust- Vment from the. outside of the casing, Vas best shown in Fig, 3. The passager 61 is tapered to nular space 34. y The pin valve has a screw-threaded head .69 which is screw-threaded into a sealing nut or glandll, the latter in turn being screw-threaded into the wall of thecasing and against suitableV packing 1| wherebyto prevent any leakage of the'checking fluid tothe outside of the casing. By manipulating the pin 68 from theclosing action of the door, the pressure forcey of the checking liquid in the cavity 28 will unseat' the outside of the, casing the discharge of the checking fluid through the passage 61 may be regulatedy so as to control to a nicety the checking iiuid resistance to the closing operation of the door.

Provisionis made whereby eifectually to relieve shocks and strains upon the working parts due to attempts manually made to force the closing movement of the door. To this end, the piston is provided with a checking iiuid dumping cavity 12 in communication with the chamber 28. VEntrance of checking fluid into this cavity from the chamber 28 is normally prevented by a ball valve 13 urged downwardly into its seat by a spring 14 which acts against the ball valve below it and against' a screw. plug'15 above it,

said screw plugbeing screwthreaded .into V the wall surrounding theupper vend ofthe cavity; If, under this arrangement, it be attempted to force the ball valve 13 immediately permitting oil to enter into the cavity and thereby relieving the working parts of strain.

In the construction and arrangement herein illustrated and described, simplicity, compactness and thorough lubrication of all parts are realized. y Application of the stored power of the torsion spring directly through the collar 54 upon the spindle assures a prompt and effective closing of the door while due to the sliding connection between the connecter and piston and the spiral threads between the piston and the anchor post, the piston is moved with a combined rotary and axial movement against the opposing checking uid. The parts cannot readily get outV of order and are in their functioning subject to arrrinimnim oflstrain' and wear, besides being thoroughlylubricated at all times.

VI have herein shown andv described an embodiment ofr 'my present invention which has been found highly satisfactory in actual use.7 i

Nevertheless it is to be-.understood 'that the essential features of my invention may also Vbe embodiedfin various-structural forms other than those herein shown by way of example, and I, therefore, reserve the privilege of resorting to all such changesand modifications as may be fairly considered within the spirit andfscope ofv the invention as claimed.`

casing, a rotatable vdo'or-engaging spindle, a con- V.necter within-fthe ycasing fastened vto the spindle to turn therewith, a two-part dashp-ot forming a checking fluid chamber within the casing comprising a telescoping piston and stationary elel. A .door check and closer comprising a' iixed ment xed to the casing andconnected to cause v axial movement of thev piston on `the turning movement thereof, and a rsliding connection bejtween said connecter andpiston -to cause turning of the piston with the turning of the spindle in either direction and permitting axial movement of the piston in either direction as` a part forming with the stationary element the checking liquid chamber.

2. A door check and closer comprising a xed casing having a door engaging spindle journaled in one end thereof for rotation, a connecter within the casing fastened to the spindle to rotate therewith, a telescoping piston and a iixed element formingbetweenpthem a checking fluidV chamber within the casing and threadably connected to cause `axial movement of the piston on the rotation thereof, means connecting the connecter and piston to cause rotation of the latter by the Vrotation of the spindle and permitting axial Ymovement of the piston, inlet andV outlet passages Afor said chamber, the inlet passage being in the piston and the outlet passage extending through said xed element, an inlet valve in the inlet passage, and a regulating valve in the outlet passage disposed and arranged to be adjusted from the outside of. the casing.

3. A door check and closer having in combination with a xed casing and a rotatabledoor- Vengaging spindle, a top end closure for the casing `with a bearing in whichthe spindle is journaled,

mounted on the casing to operatively support the spindle and hence the door thereon, a torsion spring which coils about the central. interior ofr the casing attached to the spindle to be tensioned bythe rotation of the'spindle in one direction and adapted by its stored power to cause reverse rotation of the spindle, a connecter fastened to the spindle to rotate therewith, a telescoping piston and a stationary element forming between them a checking duid chamber and threadably connected to cause axial movement of the piston on the rotationV thereof, a sliding connection between said connecter and piston to cause rotation of the piston with the rotation of the spindle and in either direction and permitting free axial movement of the piston in either direction, said spring being disposed below and confined by said beara piston telescoping the post and forming a checking uid chamber therewith, a stem on the piston threadably engaged with the post to cause axial movement of the piston on the rotation thereof, a rotarydoor engaging and supporting spindle journaled in the upper portion of the casing and connected with the piston to cause rotation of the piston by the rotation of the spindle, its connection with the piston being effective to provide for the free axial movement of the piston for enlarging and contracting the checking fluid chamber formed by and between the piston and post.

5. In a door check and closer, the combination with a xed casing provided with a stationary post at one end, a piston telescoping the post and forming a checking uid chamber therewith, a stem on the piston threadably engaged with the post to' cause axial movement of the piston on the rotation thereof and in either direction, a rotary door engaging and supporting spindle journaled in the opposite end of the casing, a connection between the spindle and piston for rotating the latter by the rotation of the former while permitting axial movement of the piston, a Valved inlet in the piston communicating with said chamber for admitting checking uid when the piston is moved axially in a direction to expand said chamber, and a Valved outlet passage for the chamber extending through the post to discharge checking fluid when the piston is moved axially in a direction to contract said chamber.

EMIL BOMMER,`

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