US2102416A

US2102416A - Elastic fluid turbine arrangement

Info

Publication number: US2102416A
Application number: US87556A
Authority: US
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Priority date: 1936-06-26
Filing date: 1936-06-26
Publication date: 1937-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 1954-12-14

Description

De- 14, 1937. o. JUNGGREN ELASTIC FLUID TURBVINE ARRANGEMENT 'Filed June 2e, 195e Inventor: Oscofr Junggr'eh,deceased, bg The Sche-nectacg Trust Compang,Executo1-g bsd f Wan/j d Hi Attorheg.

Dec. 14, 1937. O, JUNGGREN '2,102,416

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE ARRANGEMENT Ihvehtor': scar' Junggveh, deceased, bgThe Schenectady T'rus Comilg, xecufnor;

g His Attorney;

bg The Schenectady Dec. 14, 1937.

o. .JUNGGREN ELASTICvFLUID TURBINE ARRANGEMENT Filed June 26, 1936 5 SheeS-S'neet 5 Inventor". @seu-lr`| Junggvendeceased, Trust Compahg,xecuto1, by

together by means including flanges I5.

Patented Dec. 14, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT @L5M-QE ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE ARRANGEMENT York Application June 26, 1936, Serial No. 87,556

7 Claims.

The present invention relates to elastic iiuid turbine arrangements including a high pressure turbine and a low pressure turbine or turbines arranged in tandem, more specifically to tandemcompound-double-ow-turbnes including a high pressure turbine and a double flow low pressure turbine receiving steam from the high pressure turbine and having shafts in alinement and coupled together. Difficulties are often experienced with this type of turbine arrangements, due to their considerable length when the available floor space is limited.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved construction and arrangement of tandem compound turbines whereby the manufacturing cost is reduced and a compact design attained, necessitating comparatively little floor space. This and other objects of the invention are accomplished by the provision of a fabricated turbine casing for at least a portion of the high pressure turbine and a portion of the low pressure turbine together with the provision of a bearing for supporting the shaft between the two turbines, which bearing is completely enclosed by the casing. In a preferred embodiment, such bearing has one side exposed to the elastic fluid discharged from the high pressure turbine and another side exposed to the elastic ftuid exhausted from the low pressure turbine.

A preferred arrangement is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a sectional view through a turbine arrangement embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a section along the lines 2 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a section along line 3-3 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the arrangement of Figs. 1 to 3.

The arrangement as best shown in Fig. 4 comprises a high pressure turbine or turbine part IIJ and a double now low pressure turbine or turbine part II receiving elastic fluid discharged from the high pressure turbine through a channel or cross-over conduit I2. The double flow turbine has an exhaust casing comprising an upper portion I3 and a lower portion I4 secured The upper portion I3 is provided with port holes I6, I1. Another port hole I8 is provided for the cross-over channel I2.

Referring now to Fig. l., the casing of the high pressure turbine IIJ includes an inlet portion 23 and an outlet portion 2|. The latter is manufactured from a steel ring provided with grooves 22 for holding a plurality of diaphragms Z3. The high pressure portion has a flange 24 which is secured by means of a plurality of bolts 25 to a ring 26 forming a fiange for the outlet portion 2I and being secured thereto by a weld 2'I. The rotor of the high pressure turbine comprises a shaft 28 carrying a plurality of bucket wheels 29 and supported on the discharge side of the turbine by a bearing 30.

The low pressure turbine which in the present instance is in the form of a double iiow turbine II has a casing comprising inlet portions 3| and 32 facing each other and outlet portions 33 andv 34 secured by bolts 35 and 36 to the inlet portions 3I and 32, respectively. lThe inlet casing portions 3l and 32 have recesses 31 and 38, respectively, in their outer surfaces for positioning wall members or partitions 39 and 4I), respectively. These partitions 39 and 43 together with a curved outer wall 4I welded to their outer edges form an annular inlet chamber 42 for the double flow turbine. The rotor of the latter comprises a shaft 43 with a plurality of bucket wheels 44 secured thereto. The left-hand end of the shaft 43 is fastened to the end of the shaft 28 by suitable coupling means 45 and the righthand end of the shaft 43 is secured by similar coupling means 46 to a shaft 41, which latter forms a part of an electric generator driven by the turbines. The shaft 41 is supported on a bearing 48. The double flow turbine exhausts in opposite directions. The exhaust casing for receiving exhaust fluid is completely fabricated and comprises, as pointed out above, an upper portion I3 and a lower portion I4 united by flanges I5. The upper portion I3 has a cylindrical wall portion 49, a left-hand wall portion 53 and a righthand wall portion 5I united by fused metal, preff erably welds. In addition, the exhaust casing includes the aforementioned partitions or wall members 33 and 40. The lower portion i4 of the exhaust casing has side walls 52 and 53 and front and rear walls 54 (Figs. 2 and 4). Elastic iiuid discharged from the high pressure turbine is conducted to the low pressure turbine by the channel I2, which, in accordance with the invention, has wall portions partly dened by the exhaust casing. The common wall portions of the exhaust casing and the channel or crossover conduit I2 include the left-hand side wall 5l), the outer curved wall 49 and an extension of the partition 4). In addition, the channel I2 includes front and rear walls 55 (Fig. 4), a left-hand end wall 56 and an outer curved wall 5'! concentrically arranged with; that is, uniformly spaced from, the inner curved wall 49. It is important to note that all these wall elements are fabricated and united by fused metal, preferablyv Y itiV o ly'is .belowV atmospheric pressure.

welds. The channel is reinforced by a partition 58, which is welded to the

walls

50, 49, 51, 56 and to an upper portion of the bearing 30. Not all of the fluid discharged from the high pressure turbine is conducted from the crossover conduit I2 to the low pressure turbine. It is desirable to separate water from the iluid discharged fromV the high pressure turbine and in many cases, it is also desirable to extract part of the elastic fluid.l To this end,the crossover conduit 56 is provided with a Vdownward extension.v The lower portion of the conduit is formed by a curved wall member 59 k(Fig. 4) with an opening 60 in its bottom portion, which latter communicates with a conduit 6|. The major portion Yof liquid and also a portion of the elastic fluid discharged from thev high pressure turbine may be removed from the crossover conduit through the conduit 6l.

some of the huid discharged from the high pres- Y sure turbine is forced in upward direction. In order to prevent condensate from flowing back into the path ofzfluid discharged from the turbine and being carried over Vto the low pressure turbine, l

haust casing; that is, exposed to the fluid therein. In addition, the bearing 30'has another portion adjacent the high pressure turbine disposed within the dischargespace of the high pressure turbine, hence exposed to the fluid therein. 'I'he discharge pressure of the high pressure turbine usually is above atmosphere, whereas the ex' haust pressure of the low pressure turbine usual- In order to prevent elastic fluid from entering the bearing 30, both ends of this bearing are Vprovided. with packings 64 which may include both labyrinth and water sealing elements. Such complete packing or sealing arrangement is provided also with regard to one Vside of the packing 41 disposed within the exhaust space of the low pressure turbine. The other side of the bearing 41 in the present instance is provided withV a simpler packingarrangeinent 65. The bearing arrange-V ment just described Yreduces considerably the length of the shaft'of the low pressure turbine and, what is more important, it reduces the over-Y all length of the entire turbine arrangement, hence necessitating comparatively small floor space. The reduction of necessary oor space is further attainedby supporting vthe casing of a generator to be driven by the turbine arrangementat least partly onthe exhaust casing of the low pressure turbine. To'this end the right-hand end wal1`5l, 53 of the low pressure turbine is provided with extension 6.6 havinga flange B1 for supporting a generator casing.

summarizing, an improved turbinev arrange-V ment including high pressure and low pressure turbine means arranged'in tandem is attained by providing the'bearing means between the high pressure andlow pressure turbine within the exhaust space ofthe two turbines. ,The casing of Both. .bearings have'a. portion disposed within the exthe low pressure turbine is completely fabricated and portions of the casing serveV as a support'fox" the turbine bearing or bearings. The crossover conduit or channel forrconducting elastic fluidV from the high pressure to the low pressure turbine is also completely fabricated Yandincludes walls forming portions of the exhaust casingV of the low pressure turbine. The casing of both the high pressure and the low pressure turbines form in substance a single, unitary structure. From another viewpoint, bothturbines have a single casing with the bearing for supporting the shaft or Vshafts of the intermediate high pressure and, low pressure turbines disposed within the elastic fluid space.V WithV the exception of the bolting joint on the high pressure casing part, the cas# ing of the two turbines is integral. A portion of the fluid discharged-from the high pressure turbine is extracted by vmeans including a con`l duit connected to a downward Yextension of the crossover conduit. The upper portion'V offtheV exhaust end of the highpressure turbine carries a collecting Ychannel Yfor receiving liquid dise' charged from the last stage of the high'pressure turbine. This collector channel hasY a Vflaring portion which directs the elasticfluid upward.'Y

The outer'suriace ofthe channel formsa groove double-flow low pressureturbine; The exhaust casing of the low pressureturbin'e has an exe' tension for supportingan electric vgenerator casing to be drivenby the turbines; i. I

Having described theV method of operation of the invention, together with the apparatus which What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by letters Patent of the United States is: 1. A turbine arrangement including the combination of a high pressure turbine, aY low pres,-`

sure turbine, shaft means'for the turbines, a bearingfor supporting the shaft means, said bearing having one side disposed in the exhausty space of the high pressure turbine and another side disposed in the exhaust space of 'Y thelow pressure turbine, and packing means on each side of the bearing to reduce leakage of exhaust fluid from the high pressure turbine into the bearingY Yand from the latter into the low pressure turbine.

2. A turbine arrangement including the comeV binationof a high pressure turbine, a low pres Y sure turbine in alinement with thehighV pressure turbine, shaft means yfor the turbines, an exhaust casing for the high pressure turbine having a wall adjacent the low pressure turbine, a crossover conduit including said wallV for conducting Vfluid discharged from the high pressure turbine to the low pressure turbine, a bearing for supporting the shaft means, said bearing being supported by said wall and having portions disposed withinV therexhaust spaces of both turbines, and means sealing said bearing. N 5

3. A turbine arrangement Yincluding a high pressure turbine and a double flow low pressureA turbine having a fabricated exhaust casing, a Y

crossover conduit for conducting.V elastic fluid from the high pressure' turbine to the double flowV 4. A turbine arrangement including a high pressure turbine and a double flow 10W pressure turbine arranged in tandem, shaft means for the turbines, a bearing for supporting the shaft means, a fabricated exhaust casing for the double flow turbine having a wall intermediate the turbines for supporting said bearing, and means including said Wall for dening a crossover conduit between the turbines, said bearing having one side disposed in the exhaust space of the high pressure turbine and another side disposed in the exhaust space of the double ow turbine.

5. A turbine arrangement including a high pressure turbine and a double flow low pressure turbine for receiving elastic fluid discharged from the high pressure turbine, said double ow turbine having a fabricated exhaust casing including a wall portion defining a crossover conduit between the high pressure and the double flow turbine and another wall portion with an extension for supporting a generator to be driven by the turbines, and a shaft bearing supported on the other wall portion and partly disposed within the exhaust of the double flow turbine.

6. A turbine arrangement including a high pressure turbine, a double ow low pressure turbine for receiving elastic fluid discharged from the high pressure turbine, said turbines having a single fabricated casing and a crossover conduit between the high pressure turbine and the double rlow low pressure turbine, said crossover conduit having a portion surrounding the exhaust end of the high pressure turbine and being secured to an adjacent wall of the double ow turbine.

7. A turbine arrangement including a high pressure turbine, a double flow low pressure turbine for receiving elastic fluid discharged from the high pressure turbine, said turbines having a single casing defining a crossover conduit between the high pressure turbine and the double flow low pressure turbine, and a flaring channel member disposed within the crossover conduit and extending over about 180 angular degrees for upwardly directing elastic fluid discharged from the high pressure turbine and for preventing condensate from dropping back into the elastic fluid discharged from the high pressure turbine.

THE SCHENECTADY TRUST COMPANY, Eecutor of the Estate of Oscar Junggren, De-

ceased. By EDWARD T. RICE,

Vice President.