US2098895A

US2098895A - Tamping machine

Info

Publication number: US2098895A
Application number: US14674A
Authority: US
Inventors: Velten Wilhelm Lothar
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1934-06-14
Filing date: 1935-04-04
Publication date: 1937-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 1954-11-09

Description

NOV. 9, 1937. W, VELTEN 2,098,895

TAMPING MACHINE Filed April 4, 1935 Illmm wiwi uw l ratented Nov. 9, 1937 UNITED STATE 'nimma moms Wilhelm Lothar Velten, Neustadt a. d. Hardt, Germany Application April 4,

In Germany 8 Claims.

This invention relates to machine for compressing and tamping ground or for the production of all kinds of road, such as road covers, groundworks for railways, sporting grounds and others.

The machine is destined for tamping or compressing the upper layer of the ground, be it natural soil or artlcial ground, the irregular packing stone layer, the layer of piece stones or buttress stones, the cover layer or the like. This machine is tted on its ends with tamping tools, rams or the like adapted to be moved over the ground and adjustable relative to succession, speed and effect of blow. The stone cover completely rammed is then covered with a layer of desired thickness of common concrete of damp concrete containing little water, this layer being rammed and compressed also by means of the machine with the aid of suitable rams or tamping tools so that the machine runs directly on the stone layer or on the concrete. The tamping effect of several single rams arranged in rows on the end of the machine or of other ramming tools is preferably utilized, said tools beating in alternating succession upon the ground actually tobe compressed, so that by the individual working on smallest areas of ground a total surface is obtained which is uniformly compressed throughout. This is of greatest importance for the durability of the road cover, as no so-called water pockets and the like can form which, asis known, exert a decomposing action upon the substructure and the permanent way. In the method according to the invention provision is further made Yto add stone material or known binding matters, such as tar, bitumen or the like between a front row of rams serving for ramming and a rear row of rams serving for iinal ramming, this addition being regulated by the same ramming vehicle by hand or mechanically. A,

An exclusively mechanical treatment of the individual ground layers is thus ensured, and it is no longer necessary to fill by hand the innumerable gaps in the stone layers, as by the adjustable ramming effect of the machine capable to run directly on the individual layers the best jamming and compressing of the layers is obtained, such as is impossible by manual labor or with the aid o f the commonly used road rollers. 'I'he durability of a track produced with the aid of the machine i. e. a road or the like, is much greater than that of the hitherto built tracks as, according to the new method, a compression or a pressure is exerted by the rapidly succeeding blows of the p ramming tools striking perpendicularly upon the ground as cannot be obtained 'even to a traction 193s. serai No. 14,614

.rune 14, 1934 (Cl. SHQ) by the subsequent strongest stressing of the track.

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing in which:-

Flg. 1 shows in cross-section a track produced according to thenew method.

Fig. 2 shows the ramming machine in side elevation partly in section.

Fig. 3 is a part top plan view of Fig. 1, a row oi' rams being exposed.

Fig. 4; is an end view o1' a part of the machine.

Fig. 5 shows in side elevation and part section a modied construction of the machine.

A more or less strong compression is imparted to the deposited or natural ground by a machine running over the ground and equipped with endless tracks or wheels, which has tamping tools, rams or the like and which are generally adjustable and adapted to be regulated las regards their blow succession, running speed and ramming effect. On either side of the bed I of the road thus 20 prepared a border of more or less great Width of stones 2 standing on edge is inserted, preferably slightly deeper than the surface of the ground. 'Ihe space between the borders is filled with packing layer 3 of broken stones on which layer a layer 25 4 of broken stones is laid. Instead of packing layer 3 of broken stones and the covering layer 4 of broken stones a layer 5 and 6 of coarse or ne broken stones may be laid. Some gravel is preferably mixed with every layer. The ramming 30 machine is run over this road substructure, first on the two edges of the road in order to obtain a thorough wedging of the stone borders 2. Only then the middle of the road is compressed. As the middle portion can no longer yield, owing to the 35 wedging of the stone borders, the entire stone material is well compressed so that veryfewvery small hollow spaces remain. A lower coarse layer 'l of common. concrete is then laid, this concrete being only damp and contains little water. The layer is 4 rammed by means of the same machine running directly on the concrete. This is possible as the ramming tools of the machine project laterally beyond the endless track 9' and running wheels 45 9 which therefore move on a cover or track which has already been rammed and compressed. On to this concrete layer a last upper concrete layer 8 is laid, consisting also, of only damp concrete containing little water and being fine grained, this 50 layer being then also compressed by means of the machine specially built for this purpose. The nal `treatment of the road surface can then be carried out in known manner according to the V existing conditions.

method is a motor vehicle.

Inthe irontandrearpartsofthevehiclerows of rams, formed by several rams or tamping tools are arranged transversely to the direction of travel and in such a manner that the extreme rams cover the wheels of the machine on the outer side so that the ground or track can be rammed and compressed over its complete width and length, the wheels running on ground which has been rammed already. The rows of rams which are in front in the direction of'travel serve for the preliminary ramming, whereas the A rear row of tamps serves for the ilnal ramming of the ground. The tamping tools or rams are driven independently of the drive of the vehicle, the travelling speed and the dropping speed of the tamping tools being accurately regulated according to the existing condition. 'lhe vehicle runs on endless tracks and wheels, rests and runs on the surface of the ground rammed by the first row of rams and is therefore ensured against irregular position and sinking.

The rams III, movable in vertical direction on corresponding guides, have shoes i2 adapted to the kind of work which has to be done and they carry abutments i3 and i4 adjustable for varying the heights of drop and the depths of drop. Chains I5 having catches engage centrally or eccentrically under the abutments I3 and lift, after having initiated the movement. the rams I0 to let them drop from the highest position, the drop weight acting upon the ground producing compression of the ground. By corresponding mutual adjusting of the catches of the several chains I5 it is obtained, that the rams in one row work in succession which may be changed as desired as shown for instance in Fig. 4. To increase the ramming effect of the rams, springs i6 are designed to impart increased initial speed to the rams. 'I'he ram shoes l2 are preferably in the shape of a rhomb or rhomboid as shown in Fig. 3 and mounted in such a manner that they overlap one another and thus ensure that no portion of the ground remains unworked. 'I'he travelling speed of the machine is preferably regulated so that a portion of the ground corresponding to the ramming surface of a ram shoe I2 is rammed about eight times so that even the smallest portion of the ground is rammed several times and thoroughly compressed.

The shoes I2 are preferably of runner shape, the point of the runner being preferably situated in the direction of travel indicated in Fig. 2 by the arrow I1, whereby an uninterrupted, elastic treatment is obtained. 'Ihe beating surface of the shoe i2 is, as shown in Pig. 4, slightly concave to hold together the corresponding portion of the ground, whereby the compressing is improved. Every ram guide Il is put under the action of a spring I9 in the direction of travel in order that the ram, at the instant it comes into touch with the ground, does not impede the travel of the vehicle, but yields elastically and resiliently jumps forward as soon as it is lifted. The tension of the springs II can be regulated or other suitable means may be substituted for these springs. 'Ihe rams III may evidently be operated by anytother suitable kind of device than the one described. The drive is, however, always such that the dropping speed is adapted to be adjusted to the travelling speed of the vehicle, so that the individual rams can strike on to the ground all at the same time in a closed row, so that the individual rams can alternately 8,008,896 "The machineemployedi'or this nanonmmegrounamamacsropmaz vand drop depth are separately adjustable for all lnuns together or singly for every ram.' `Ciwing to the last mentioned arrangement-the crosssectional prole of the rammed ground maybe altered.

Fig. 5 shows another type of ramming tool in the shape of a spring-hammer 2l, several ramming shoes i2 being also mounted in rows.

A reservoir 2i for stone material is also 1mounted on `the vehicle frame having a discharge' mouth adapted to be regulated. If after the preliminary ramming it is found that material is lacking on certain portions oi the track material is re-laid on these portions by opening the reservoir or a chamber of the same, this material being then compressed by the rams of the second row during the nal ramming.

To add binding matters, such as tar, bitumen or the like during the road building to the preliminariiy compressed road cover a tar pipe 22 fitted with nozzles is arranged between the front and rear row of rams, to which pipe the binding matter is supplied underpressure from a container mounted on the vehicle frame, so that the binding matter can be adjustably llll'yed on the road cover.

By the new machine for the production of tracks of any kind another important advantage is obtained, in that by the wedging of the substructure and super-structure or by the intimate compressing of the whole bedding a cover of stone-concrete is produced without expansion joints. 'Ihese joints form a great drawback of the concrete roads built according to the commonly` used methods, in which roads such exp'ansion joints are not to be omitted owing to the continual change of temperature.

I claim:-

1. A machine for compressing the ground and building tracks of all kinds comprising in combination, a. self-propelled vehicle frame mounted on wheels, a transverse row of rams carried by the frame and extending beyond the wheel track, each ram including a ram-rod, a runner-like shoe on the lower end of said ram-rod and means for timing the operation of the individual ramrods in said row including an abutment vertically adjustable on each ram-rod, a chain drive in proximity to said abutment, an adjustable catch on said chain cooperating with said abutment to periodically lift said ram-rod to a height determined by the adjustment of said abutment, a guide on the frame for vertically guiding said ram-rod and a spring on said ram-rod bearing against said guide, said spring adapted to be compressed during the upward movement of said ram-rod and effect the downward' movement thereof.

2. A machine for compressing the ground and building tracks of all kinds comprising in combination, a self-propelled vehicle frame mounted on wheels, at least two transverse rows of rams overlapping in the direction of travel, said rows being arranged one behind the other on said frame respectively adjacent the front and rear ends of the frame and extending beyond the wheel track, each ram including a ram-rod, a runner-like shoe on the lower end of said ramrod, an abutment vertically adjustable on said ram rod, a chain drive in proximity to said abutment, an adjustable catch on said chain coopersaid abutment, a guide on the frame for verti- 7g cally guiding said rod, a. spring on said ram-rod bearing against said guide, said spring adapted to be compressed during the upward movement of said ram-rod and effect the downward movement thereof, and a. spring on said frame bearing against the rear side of vsaid guide to exertvpressure thereon in a horizontal direction to resiliently maintain said ram-rod; in vertical position when out of contact with the ground and temporarily allow the same to yield towards the rear of the machine when said shoe is in contact with the ground.

3.\A machine for compressing the ground and building tracks .of all kinds comprising in combination a self-propelled vehicle frame mounted on wheels, a transverse row of rams carried by the frame and extending beyond the wheel track, each ram including a downwardly tensioned ramrod, a runner-like shoe on the lower end of saidram-rod, means for periodically lifting said ramrod against the tension thereon, a guide on the frame for vertically guiding said ram-rod and a spring on said frame bearing against the rear side of said guide to exert pressure thereon in a horizontal direction to resiliently maintain said ram-rod in vertical position when out of contact with the ground and temporarily allow the same to yield towards the rear of the machine when said shoe is in contact with the ground.

WILHELM LOTHAR VELTEN.