US2096986A - Braun tube - Google Patents

Braun tube Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2096986A
US2096986A US666554A US66655433A US2096986A US 2096986 A US2096986 A US 2096986A US 666554 A US666554 A US 666554A US 66655433 A US66655433 A US 66655433A US 2096986 A US2096986 A US 2096986A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fluorescent
screen
tube
image
luminous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US666554A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ardenne Manfred Von
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Loewe Opta GmbH
Original Assignee
Loewe Opta GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DER100146D priority Critical patent/DE755947C/de
Priority to BE387442D priority patent/BE387442A/xx
Priority to FR734239D priority patent/FR734239A/fr
Priority to GB8932/32A priority patent/GB387536A/en
Priority claimed from US611568A external-priority patent/US2131203A/en
Priority to GB16135/32A priority patent/GB388623A/en
Priority to GB20245/32A priority patent/GB394496A/en
Application filed by Loewe Opta GmbH filed Critical Loewe Opta GmbH
Priority to US666554A priority patent/US2096986A/en
Publication of US2096986A publication Critical patent/US2096986A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/18—Luminescent screens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/67—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing refractory metals
    • C09K11/68—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing refractory metals containing chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N11/00—Colour television systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/222—Studio circuitry; Studio devices; Studio equipment
    • H04N5/257—Picture signal generators using flying-spot scanners

Definitions

  • Fig. 1 shows the cathode ray excitation operation.
  • Fig. 2 shows the corresponding fluorescence l0 phosphorescent effect, which in itself supplies and phosphorescence phenomena. considerable amounts of light energy.
  • Fig. 3 the amplification degree of a photocell known that by phosphorescent effect in the case amplifier preferably employed according to the of screens erroneously termed fluorescent screens invention is shown as dependent on frequency.
  • a luminosity which does not in- Fig. 4 illustrates a complete television system I stantaneously follow on the excitation of the according tothe invention.
  • cathode ray and also requires a certain time to In Fi 1 e Sh c tat o 0f th C t ode die down.
  • Sh c tat o 0f th C t ode die down.
  • sh wn p n for example as zine silicate
  • materials are preferably employed in which the phosphorescent effect remains as small as possible in comparison with the fluorescent efiect. Under certain circumstances the use of a special distortion-correcting means within the amplifier may not be necessary at all.
  • the materials concerned in this connection have heretofore been ignored as material for the screen on account of their low absolute degree of light. The same acquire importance only by reason of the recognitions set forth in this application.
  • a material, for example, disclosing practically no phosphorescence is plaster, which accordingly is admirably suited as a screen material for Braun tubes employed as television transmitters.
  • the electro-optical efilciency requires to be considerably larger than has been the case in connection with the tubes hitherto known for carrying out a television method of a useful kind with Braun tubes.
  • cadmium tungstate is employed for the coating.
  • This cadmium tungstate may, in the manner heretofore known in association with other substances, be mixed with waterglass and painted on to question.
  • a similar or additional improvement in the electro-optical eiliciency may be accomplished by not mixing the fluorescent material with the attachment substance, but at first evenly distributing the attachment. substance, preferably waterglass, over the surface to be furnished with fluorescent material, for instance painting the same into the tube, and then allowing it to somewhat run until the layer has assumed an even character, the fluorescent material, preferably cadmium tungstate, then being applied in finely divided condition, preferably by means of a nozzle.
  • a method of this kind for producing the fluorescent screen is naturally of advantage not only in the case of a screen material consisting of cadmium tungstate, but also in connection with all other materials, inasmuch as the screen materials employed behave, generally spealnng, in practically equivalent manner from a working-technical standpoint, and the sodium waterglass hitherto generally in use for binding purposes results in all cases in appreciable deterioration of the luminosity.
  • Sodium waterglass has, however, the disadvantage that the same causes a darken- According to the invention, this is avoided by the fact that in place of sodium waterglass there is employed as binding agent potassium waterglass. This is natiually not only suitable as a binding agent for cadmium tungstate, but also for the majority of fluorescent materials hitherto in use, such for example as zinc silicate phosphor.
  • a thin, preferably transparent protective layer which renders the dispersed rays, which as regards their intensity are considerably below that of the main beam, without effect.
  • This preferably transparent protective layer which may consist, for example, of potassium waterglass, may be employed particularly in the present case, since in accordance with the above method it is possible in itself to raise the sensitiveness to such extent that,
  • This protectivecoating may naturally also consist, for instance, .of a conductive, for example extremely thin aluminium screen, which according to the invention then takes over at the same time the leak conductance of the disturbing charges.
  • a further arrangement of the invention reage.
  • the fluorescent surface is produced, preferably in the direction in which line-scanning takes place, line by line from adjacently disposed strips of different fluorescent materials.
  • fluorescent materials there are preferably employed three different substances which, when met by electrons, each light up in one of the three basic colours red, blue and green.
  • potassium bichromate is suitable for producing a red fluorescent colour
  • calcium tungstate for producing a blue fluorescent colour
  • zinc silicate, cadmium tungstate or zinc sulphide for producing a green colour.
  • each image strip requires to be divided into three coloured strips, which are scanned and transmitted consecutively. These strips require to possess various densities, or more or less dense distribution of the crystals respectively, dependent on the fluorescent-sensitive nature of. the fluorescent material employed, in order to permit of an even width of line.
  • the transmitter and receiver tubes require to possess fluorescent screens of a similar nature.
  • the cathode ray of the transmitter tube is conducted over the fluorescent area, and now scans successively the strips composed of the different fluorescent materials. If, for example, there is taken the sequence: red, blue, green, the scanning beam, the width of which accordingly amounts to approximately of the desired image-point width, will pass in strip-like fashion in the same consecutive order: red, blue, green, red, blue, green, etc. over the surface composed of strips of the different materials.
  • the beam accordingly requires to pass to three times the extent over the surface. By sufliciently fine divisioning the surface of the transmission tube will accordingly light up in white colour.
  • This surface is reproduced through the medium of an optic on the image to be transmitted, and in accordance with the colour of this image a larger or smaller proportion of the particular point of light in the basic colour produced on the transmission tube now passes for example through the diapositive.
  • the cathode ray of the receiver tube is situated on the same point, whereby naturally the cathode ray of the receiver is required to pass over a fluorescent surface strip of the same fluorescent colour.
  • the fluorescent materials In order upon the transmission of. an image point to afford the eye the appearance of a uniform colour, it is essential that the fluorescent materials be so finely divided that their structure does not make itself noticeable. It is accordingly necessary that the receiving means he so constructed that a very small angle of visibility is formed resulting in a subjective mixing of the strip portions of the fluorescent surface lighting in the three basic colours and belonging to one element of the image.
  • this surface composed of the different fluorescent materials, for the transmission of black-and-white images or ordinary diapositivesdor obtaining a white image.
  • the different fluorescent materials in the form of superimposed layers, whereby preferably the layer of greatest fluorescent sensitivity forms the surface directed away from the cathode, whilst the surface with the least fluorescent sensitivity is the one next to the cathode.
  • the measures, as represented, may naturally also be employed in conjunction with other television methods, more particularly in the case of those in which the image point scanning operation does not occur in time-linear fashion, but in which the scanning speed is varied dependent on the properties of the particular image point to be transmitted.
  • Fig. 4 The total arrangement is shown in Fig. 4.
  • I is the Braun tube, 2 the hot cathode thereof, 3 the Wehnelt cylinder, 4 the anode, 5 and 6 the two pairs of deflecting plates, 1 the fluorescent screen and 8 the lens system.
  • I5 is the photo-electric cell amplifier, and I6 an apparatus for main supply furnishing the heating, anode and cylinder potentials necessary for the operation of the transmission tube.
  • I1 is an image tilting means, for example the frequency 25, and l 8 a line tilting means, for example the frequency 1500. These two tilting devices are connected with both the pairs of deflecting plates 5 and 6 of the transmission tube I as well as the pairs of deflecting plates I9 and 20 of the receiving tube 2
  • a luminous screen applied to the end wall of said tube, the luminous material of said screen being cadmium tungstate.
  • a Braun tube having means for generating and means for deflecting a cathode ray, a luminous screen applied to the end wall of said tube, the luminous material of said screen having a fluorescent sensitiveness greater than the phosphorescence sensitiveness, said material being fixed on said end wall by a binding agent constituting at the same time a leak-conductance layer for leaking oil charges from said screen.
  • a luminous screen applied to the end wall of said tube, the luminous material 01' said screen having a fluorescence sensitiveness greater than the phosphorescence sensitiveness, said material being applied to said end wall by a" layer of potassium silicate.
  • the luminous screen applied to the end wall of said tube, the luminous material of said screen having a fluorescent sensitiveness greater than the phosphorescence sensitiveness, and a thin transparent protective layer applied onto said fluorescent screen material.
  • a Braun tube having means for generating and means for deflecting a cathode ray, a luminous screen applied to the end wall of said tube, the luminous material oi said screen having a fluorescent sensitiveness greater than the phosphorescence sensitiveness, and a layer of potassium waterglass applied onto said fluorescent screen material.
  • a luminous screen applied to the end wall oi said tube, the luminous material 01 said screen having a fluorescence sensitiveness greater than the phosphorescence sensitiveness, and a layer in the form of an extremely thin aluminium screen applied onto said fluorescent screen material.
  • a fluorescent screen for Braun tubes for television reproduction consisting of materials generating light in the three basic colours upon being excited by the electrons of the cathode ray developed in said Braun tube, said materials being applied to the wall of said tube on a layer of a suitable binding agent such as potassium waterglass, said materials being arranged in the form of superimposed layers, the layer of greatest fluorescent intensity being situated on the side remote from the cathode, the layer of least fluorescent sensitivity being situated on the side directed towards the cathode.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Conversion Of X-Rays Into Visible Images (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
US666554A 1931-03-28 1933-04-17 Braun tube Expired - Lifetime US2096986A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER100146D DE755947C (de) 1931-03-28 1931-03-28 Fernsehsendeanordnung mit Braunscher Roehre
BE387442D BE387442A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1931-03-28 1932-03-26
FR734239D FR734239A (fr) 1931-03-28 1932-03-26 Procédé de télévision
GB8932/32A GB387536A (en) 1931-03-28 1932-03-29 Television method
GB16135/32A GB388623A (en) 1931-03-28 1932-06-08 Television method
GB20245/32A GB394496A (en) 1931-03-28 1932-07-18 Television method
US666554A US2096986A (en) 1931-03-28 1933-04-17 Braun tube

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER100146D DE755947C (de) 1931-03-28 1931-03-28 Fernsehsendeanordnung mit Braunscher Roehre
DE388623X 1931-06-19
DE394496X 1931-07-18
US611568A US2131203A (en) 1931-03-27 1932-05-16 Television method
US666554A US2096986A (en) 1931-03-28 1933-04-17 Braun tube

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2096986A true US2096986A (en) 1937-10-26

Family

ID=31999608

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US666554A Expired - Lifetime US2096986A (en) 1931-03-28 1933-04-17 Braun tube

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2096986A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE387442A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE755947C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR734239A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (3) GB387536A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2418780A (en) * 1942-11-28 1947-04-08 Rca Corp Alkali halide target with contrasting colors
US2418779A (en) * 1942-07-22 1947-04-08 Rca Corp Alkali metal halide and luminescent screens of substantially coincident spectral absorption
US2432908A (en) * 1942-07-22 1947-12-16 Rca Corp Cathode-ray target and method of manufacture
US2446440A (en) * 1947-01-28 1948-08-03 Rca Corp Color television tube
US2448476A (en) * 1943-12-03 1948-08-31 Rauland Corp Cathode-ray projector tube
US2452522A (en) * 1941-03-18 1948-10-26 Rca Corp Luminescent screen and method of developing light
US2455710A (en) * 1943-12-21 1948-12-07 Rauland Corp Color television system
US2461515A (en) * 1945-07-16 1949-02-15 Arthur B Bronwell Color television system
US2494883A (en) * 1945-08-02 1950-01-17 Gen Electric Cascaded fluorescent material
US2547775A (en) * 1946-01-23 1951-04-03 Rca Corp Fluorescent color screen for electron optical systems
US2554257A (en) * 1949-12-14 1951-05-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Protection of phosphors from attack by alkali vapors
US2569911A (en) * 1944-12-18 1951-10-02 Electronbeam Ltd Signal storing device and proportional-control circuits therefor
US2580073A (en) * 1948-05-01 1951-12-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Time multiplex television in color
US2605434A (en) * 1949-12-08 1952-07-29 John H Homrighous Single beam three color cathoderay tube
US2615087A (en) * 1944-04-17 1952-10-21 Rines Robert Harvey Color television system
US2659679A (en) * 1951-11-23 1953-11-17 Gen Electric Phosphor coating process
US2699520A (en) * 1950-11-02 1955-01-11 Gen Teleradio Inc Cathode-ray system
US2754444A (en) * 1951-06-16 1956-07-10 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Cathode-ray tube comprising fluorescent screen
US2763567A (en) * 1952-07-23 1956-09-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of forming an input screen

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE754628C (de) * 1934-05-20 1954-11-22 Opta Radio A G Schaltungsanordnung zur Beseitigung von aus dem Netz kommenden Stoerungen in Fernsehgeraeten
DE753440C (de) * 1935-02-21 1954-03-22 Walter Rogowski Dr Schaltung zur Verminderung des Nachleuchtens bei Fernsehkathodenstrahlroehren
BE475197A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1946-03-20

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB225553A (en) * 1923-11-28 1925-05-28 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Improvements in and relating to television systems

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2452522A (en) * 1941-03-18 1948-10-26 Rca Corp Luminescent screen and method of developing light
US2418779A (en) * 1942-07-22 1947-04-08 Rca Corp Alkali metal halide and luminescent screens of substantially coincident spectral absorption
US2432908A (en) * 1942-07-22 1947-12-16 Rca Corp Cathode-ray target and method of manufacture
US2418780A (en) * 1942-11-28 1947-04-08 Rca Corp Alkali halide target with contrasting colors
US2448476A (en) * 1943-12-03 1948-08-31 Rauland Corp Cathode-ray projector tube
US2455710A (en) * 1943-12-21 1948-12-07 Rauland Corp Color television system
US2615087A (en) * 1944-04-17 1952-10-21 Rines Robert Harvey Color television system
US2569911A (en) * 1944-12-18 1951-10-02 Electronbeam Ltd Signal storing device and proportional-control circuits therefor
US2461515A (en) * 1945-07-16 1949-02-15 Arthur B Bronwell Color television system
US2494883A (en) * 1945-08-02 1950-01-17 Gen Electric Cascaded fluorescent material
US2547775A (en) * 1946-01-23 1951-04-03 Rca Corp Fluorescent color screen for electron optical systems
US2446440A (en) * 1947-01-28 1948-08-03 Rca Corp Color television tube
US2580073A (en) * 1948-05-01 1951-12-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Time multiplex television in color
US2605434A (en) * 1949-12-08 1952-07-29 John H Homrighous Single beam three color cathoderay tube
US2554257A (en) * 1949-12-14 1951-05-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Protection of phosphors from attack by alkali vapors
US2699520A (en) * 1950-11-02 1955-01-11 Gen Teleradio Inc Cathode-ray system
US2754444A (en) * 1951-06-16 1956-07-10 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Cathode-ray tube comprising fluorescent screen
US2659679A (en) * 1951-11-23 1953-11-17 Gen Electric Phosphor coating process
US2763567A (en) * 1952-07-23 1956-09-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of forming an input screen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE387442A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1932-04-30
FR734239A (fr) 1932-10-18
GB388623A (en) 1933-03-02
DE755947C (de) 1955-08-04
GB387536A (en) 1933-02-09
GB394496A (en) 1933-06-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2096986A (en) Braun tube
US2461515A (en) Color television system
US2455710A (en) Color television system
US2577038A (en) Television color picture tube
US2289914A (en) Television system
US2535817A (en) Electrooptical dark trace storage tube
US2239887A (en) Luminescent screen
US2571306A (en) Cathode-ray tube focusing system
US2660684A (en) Electronic color television
US2214072A (en) Apparatus for the reversal of photographic negatives
US4507585A (en) Beam-indexing color picture tube arrangement
US2888513A (en) Image reproduction system
US2689927A (en) Cathode-ray tube and screen structure therefor
US2571991A (en) Color television tube
US2048094A (en) Television receiver
US2124404A (en) Television scanning system
US2989582A (en) Color receiver utilizing velocity modulation in display tube
Zworykin Iconoscopes and kinescopes in television
US3251936A (en) Electronic system for viewing negative transparencies
US2606962A (en) Color television receiver
US2875360A (en) Image intensifier
US2375968A (en) Black spot correcting means
US3098170A (en) Power supply circuit for television receivers
US2540632A (en) Television image and pickup tube
GB490029A (en) Improvements in the projection of cathode ray tube images