US2094856A

US2094856A - Roller bit

Info

Publication number: US2094856A
Application number: US91830A
Authority: US
Inventors: Herman C Smith; John T Phipps
Original assignee: SMITH
Current assignee: SMITH
Priority date: 1936-07-22
Filing date: 1936-07-22
Publication date: 1937-10-05
Anticipated expiration: 1954-10-05

Description

Oct. .5, 1937. H. c. SMITH ET-AL ROLLER BIT v Filed-July 22, 1936 Jib-man and :Iokn

' ATTOE/VEK Patented Oct.

ROLLER BIT Herman 0. Smith,

Whittier, and John '1'. Phipps,

Huntington Park, Calif. said'Phipps assignor to said Smith Application July 22, 1936, Serial No. 91,830

3 Claims.

4 This invention relates to roller bits, and has for an object the the roller bits are provision ofa device wherein so arranged as to at all times maintain the gauge of the hole being bored.

Another object is the provision of a roller bit wherein the roller members freely turn and without wobble.

Another object is the provision of a roller bit in a novel manner, to the end that the roller or.

wherein certain of the cutter elements are so arranged that the thrust thereon is compensated rollers turn without substantial friction on their bearings.

invention consists in the novel and useful provision, formation, construction, association, and relative\arrang'ement of parts, members and features, all as depict the accompanying and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

ed in a certain embodiment in drawing, described generally,

In the drawing: Figure l is an. elevation, partly in section, of the improved roller bit,

Figure 2 is a bottom Figure 3 is a sectional view on Figure 1,

plan view of the roller bit,

Figure 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of Figure 1, and,

Figure 5 is a sectional view on the line 5-5 of Figure 1.

Referring now to the drawing, the roller bit is designated as an entirety by the numeral l, and the same includes a body 2 provided with a. pin 3. The body and its pin are formed in two parts, as illustrated at 4 and 5, the two parts being held together after the various roller members, to be hereinafter described, sembled, through the medium of in Figure 5. In this connection, members 5 is formed and both body portions are have been asa bolt 6, shown one of the body with a recessed portion I provided with bores 8' and ,9, which axially align when the two parts are in cooperation with one of said bores ,9 screwthreaded to receive the threaded portion of the bolt. The head of recess so that th the bolt is received within the ere is no external projection characters will apply.

the line 3-3 of trunnion extends beyond the thereof beyond the body. Both body halves are provided with elongated bores l0, ll, l2 and I3, the bores being parallel to the axis of the body and extending through both halves of the pin, as shown in Figure 1 by dotted lines and in Fig- 5 ure 3 by full lines. When the two halves of the body are cooperating, the pin is received within a collar M, which collar in turn is secured to a drill stem [5, through which stem a liquid may pass to in turn be passed through the bores l0 10 to l3, inclusive, and adjacent the cutters carried by the body. Each body half is, of course, identical in construction, and in Figure 2; the lines it and ll indicate the meeting edges between the two body halves, and wherein it will be observed that each body half is adapted to carry a cutter roller or disc l3. As each body half carries identical type rollers, the same reference The cutter rollers or discs l8 are commonly called side cutters, for the reason that said cutter rollers are held at an angle, with the toothed elements thereof adapted to gauge a hole. It will be observed upon referenoe to Figures 2 and 4 that the rollers are provided with a plurality of transverse cutter teeth It and with a plurality of teeth 20 having the cutting edges thereof in the plane of the roller and substantially at right anglesto the cutting edges of the teeth Hi. In,

Figure 4, there is first provided" a series of teeth l9, then teeth 20, again followed by teeth l9, and so on. In order to carry rollers of this character, each half of the body is provided with a --leg 2|, one face of which 22 is angularly related the body. Describing one side of the device, the leg 2| lsprovided with a bore 23 substantially at right angles to the face 22.. Passed through said bore is a trunnion 24. The

face 22 andis provided with a tapered, screw-threaded area 25. The opposite end of the trunnion is substantially fiush with the periphery of the body andis preferably welded thereto, as indicated at 26.

Considering the assembly of one of the cutters I8 and viewing Figure 1, each cutter is substantially annular in form. Opposite side faces of the cutter are provided with tapered annular recesses or

grooves

21 and 28. A main bearing member 29 is provided with a screw-threaded to the axis oi.

bore 30, and a flange portion 3|, which flange 9 has its innermost face provided withan annularly tapered portion 32 facing the facial annular grooves 21, of the cutter disc. A lock washer 33 has one face thereof provided with a tapered groove 34, the taper off which faces the groove 28 in the cutter disc. The opposite face of said washer is formed with a plurality of spaced apart radially arranged pits 35. The

7 central bore in said lock washer isof a size sumcient to permit it to be received upon the shank of the main bearing 29, as shown in Figure l, at 36. Adapted for placement between the grooves of the roller disc and the main bearing are tapered rollers 311 Tapered rollers 38 are also 10 placed between the groove of the washer and the cutter disc, and cylindrical rollers 39 interposed between the periphery of the shank of the main bearing and the wall bounding the central bore of the cutter disc. When the main bearing, to-

gether. with the cutter disc and washer have been placed in position of assemblage, the main bearing may be screw-threaded upon the trunnion,

after which a lock screw, threaded within a bore 40 of the leg 2|, may have an end thereof received within one of the pits 35 of the washer.

This construction will hold the cutter disc in a given position and adapted for ready rotation.

' It will be observed further upon reference to Fig-' ure 1, that what may be termed the top of the cutterdisc has the teeth elements thereof beveled so that the hole cut or bored may be gauged as to size, when the tool is in operation. Disposed 90 relative to the trunnion of each half of the body, are depending legs 4| (see Figure 3). Each leg carries an inwardly extending trunnion 42,

which is provided with a tapered thread 43, the

trunnions in each instance being suitably secured to the respective. legs by welding, or otherwise, as indicated at 44.

Interposed between ends of the. trunnions, as-

suming that the two halves of the body are in cooperation, is a tie and bearing pin 45. One

end of said pin is screw-threaded-at 46; a median zone of said pin is provided with a smooth area 47 bbunded by spaced-apart annular flanges 48 and 49. The zone between the two flanges acts as a bearing area. Adapted to be screw-threaded to the tie pin and the trunnion 42 is a bearing 50. Adapted to surround the bearing 50 are what are known as core cutters 5|.

terposed between the bearing and the bore in the shank of the core cutters. The roller bearings are conveniently held in position by providing one end of the main bearing with an an- 50 nular flange 53, which fits "within an annular recess 54 of the core cutter, and thev opposite end of the core cutteris provided with an annular flange 55. Between the flanges 53 and 55 are disposed the roller bearings. The end flange 55 53 is provided on its outerface with a plurality of spaced-apart pits 56, similar' to the type of pits shownat 35. The leg 4| is provided with a screw-threadedbore 51 adapted to receive a looking pin 58, one end of which may be received in one of the bits 56. I

It' will be observed that the endopposite the threaded portion of the tie pin is provided with a peripheral groove 59 and that the main bearing member, here designated as 60, is provided with a groove 5i adapted to be in complement with the groove 59 when the parts of the device are in position of assemblage. The main bearing member is provided with a transverse threaded bore 62, leading to the grooves 60 and 5|, and ball bearings 63 are adapted to be dropped through said transverse bore and between the complementary grooves 60 and 6| for the purpose of locking the tie pin to the bearing, after which a screw 64 is received within the bore 62. The character of the core cutters for this end Rollers 52 are in-.

of the device is the same as before, as is likewise the arrangement of the roller bearingsand the lock for the main bearing. Adapted to be carried upon the bearing portion of the tie pin 45 are

further core cutters

65 and 66. The core cutters are maintained spaced apart through the medium of a washer 61. Roller bearings 68 and 6 9 are interposed between the peripheral surface of the bearing portion of the pin .45 and the inner annular surface of each core cutter. While the core cutter teeth all taper for both sets inwardly, still the character of the teeth is somewhat diflerent, in that certain of the teeth are of greater transverse width than others, as best illustrated in Figure 2. It has been found advantageous, under actual service conditions, to

- vary the width of the teeth.

The assemblage of the core cutters is comparativ' ely simple, and viewing Figure 3, the trunnions 42 are removed, it being assumed, of course, that they have not "been welded to the said legs 4|. The main bearing 60 is passed over the tie pin until the grooves 59 and GI are in complementary relationship, this relationship being determined by looking through the bore 62. 63 are then dropped through thebore 62 and between said grooves, thus locking the two members 'together. The rollers 52 are then positioned about the main bearing and held by any suitable .means, such as a rubber band, while the core cutters are partially passed thereover, after which the band is removed. The 'center core cutters, with their bearings, are then placed upon the pin followed by assemblage of the main hearing by screw-threading said main bearing on the threaded end of the pin. The rollers are then placed on theper iphery of the last named main bearing and held in position while thecore cutters are placed in position. It is, of course, understood that the lock-type washers have also been placed in position, after which both end trunnions may be screw-threaded within the main bearings and the lock washers locked in position by the look-- ing pins. The trunnions are then welded in place, and the device is ready for use. C

The. operation,. uses and advantages of the invention just described will be apparent to those Roller bearings skilled in the art. The cone type of core cutters will readily chip the formation without in any manner causing a balling of the formation The gauge or side cutters will cut the formation in such a manner that the cutters will not ball up. and the gauge maintained due to the arrange- .ment of the alternating teeth, which provide teeth at right angles to the axis, and teeth substantially parallel to the axis of each cutter roller. Furthermore, it is intended that liquid be.

forced through the courses to constantly flush the teeth of the cutters. The angularity pf the gauge or side cutters, and the method of providing bearings therefor, ters. The thrust upwardly against the side outters is distributed through the roller bearings, to the end that friction due to rotation of the gauge or side cutters, is substantially overcome, and the component forces are balanced in such a manner that thrust upon the cutters does not produce a wobble.

We claim:

1. In a rotary disc bit, a'body provided with a pair of spaced apart legs, facing trunnions carried by said legs, a pin interposed between said trunnions, a bearing member reduces wear on the side cutaxially aligned and end of said pin. a second bearing member eemed to the other of said trunnions, there being means for locking said second bearing member to said pin, and cutter members comprising bodies provided with circumferentialhr' arranged spaced cutter teeth of different diameter rotatably carried upon the said bearings. v

2. In a rotary disc bit, a body provided with a pair of spaced apart legs, axially aligned and facing trunnions carried by said legs, a pin interposed between said trunnions, a bearing member screw-threaded to one of said trunnions and an end of said pin, a second bearing member secured to the other of said trunnions, there being means for locking said second bearing member to said pin, cutter members comprising bodies provided with eircumferentially arranged spaced cutter teeth of diflerent diameter rotatably carried upon the said bearings, and further cutter members interposed between the aforesaid cutter members rotatably carried by said pin.

3. In a rotary disc bit, a body provided with a pair of spaced apart legs, axially aligned and facing trunnions carried by said legs, a pin interposed between said trunnions, a bearing member screw-threaded to one of said trunnions and an end of said pin, a second bearing member secured to the other of said trunnions, there being means for locking said second bearing member to said pin, cutter members comprising bodies provided with circumferentially arranged spaced cutter teeth of different diameter rotatably carried upon the said bearings, further cutter members interposed between the aforesaid cutter members rotatably carried by said pin, and means for locking all said cutter members and bearings in position of assemblage to said body.

JOHN T. PHIPPS. HERMAN C. SMITH.