US2088373A - Safety razor - Google Patents

Description

SAFETY` RAZ-OR' Filed June 1-, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 27, 1937. c. H. HEINLEIN SAFETY RAZOR Filed June 1, 1956 V2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

v 0 0 0 0 000 00000000 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 WOWOOQOQDONONONONQNOM from/5y Patented July 27, 1937 PATENT oFFlCE SAFETY RAZOR Carl Heinrich Heinlein, Sheffield.. England" Application June 1,1936, Serial No. 83,001 In Great Britain June 8, 1935 17.' Claims.

This invention relates to safety razors and has for itsv main object to provide an improved construction having a minimum of separate parts andsimple to operate.

A further object is the provision of a safety razor comprising only two parts which are normally separable, namely the blade and the blade holder or frame. A further'object of the invention" is-the provision ofV a safety razor having an I apertured` blade which is placed in position upon the holder or frame by passing the handle of the latter through the aperture of the blade.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be fully appreciated' from theY following description.

l According to the present invention a safety razor comprises a blade base having" a guard, a handle permanently attached to the base, clamping 'means' at the handle side of the base for clamping a blade against the base and a blade apertured to pass freely over the length of the handle and over the clamping means into contact' with the base. Thus the safety razor comprises .only two normally separable units, namely the frame (which incorporates the base, guard,

clamping means and handle) andthe blade.

The base and guard of the razor are preferablyformed' by a unitary structure and are preferably integral withV one another. In this construction the guard may be separated from the base by a slot at least as long as the blade edge, through which slot the blade projects so that its edge lies on' the side of the unitary base and guardopposite to that on which the main body .35 ofthe blade lies.

4The guard may be olf-set from the base to provide the desired amount of shaving clearances. Two guards may be provided, to co-operate with the' two cutting edges of a double edgedblade, 40 situated'respectively at opposite sides of the base and separated therefrom by slots of different Widths or oi-set therefrom by diiferent amounts to provide two different shaving clearances. Preferably the guard and base are curved or hollowed on the handle side so as to flex a blade ofA thel thin wafer type when clamped in positionl on the base.

In a convenient construction the handle is rotatable relative to the base and rotation of the handleoperates the clamping means. The clamping means may take various forms. For example it may comprise a rotatable interrupted or otherwise non-circular collar or face cam co-axial withthe'handle and adapted to pass through the aperturev of the blade and when rotated' rela- (CL. Sil-74.1)-

tive thereto, to engage the bladev andv urge it towards the base'. If desired the interrupted collar or face cam may be movable axially as well as being rotatable. In this. case it may have a quick-pitch screw engagement with a stemv se- 5 cured tothe base and carryingA the handle and may be connected to the handle'for axial movement thereby so that such axial movement of the handle and the interruptedV collar or face cam causes rotation of the latter. VThe pitch of 10 the quick-pitch screw engagement need not be uniform and in one preferred' construction the pitch is substantially infinite at the approach of the interrupted collar or face cam towards the base, so that the nal clamping movement ofthe 15 interrupted collar or face cam takes place substantially without rotation. The handle may have screw engagement with the stem and may abut against or may'be rotatably connected to the interrupted'collar or face vcam so as to move 20 the latter to the clamping4 position. Alternatively the handle may have a pin and slot or equivalent connection with. the stem allowing axial movement of. the handle without` rotation for the major part of the permitted travel. and rotational move- .25 ment' with or without axial movement at the clamping end of the travel.

Anv alternative form of clamping means may comprise one or more clamping lugs each pivoted about an axis at right' angles to the handle. 30 Each of the clamping'lugsV may be'connected by a link toV aV yoke which is movable axially of the handlefor example by'means of a screw. Alternatively each of the clampin'g'lugs'may beprovided with a toothed sector concentric with its 35 pivotalr axis and engaged by a cci-operating' part adapted to be moved by the handle or by a movable part of the handle'. For example the cooperating part' maybe a screw or worm engaging the toothed sector andl adapted to be rotated 40 by means ofthe handle or by means' of a rotatable part' of thev handle, or the co-operating part may comprise a rack engaging the toothed sectors. and adapted to be moved axially of the handle. 45

lCertain forms of safety razor areA shown by way of example inthe accompanying drawings in which:-

Figure 1` is a part elevationfand part section of 5 one form of safety razor:

, Figure: 2. is an. inverted planof Figure-.1, the handle. being shownv in. section:

Figure 311sY apart elevationy and part section of another form offsafetyrazor: j 55 Figure 4 is an inverted plan view of Figure 3, partly in section, on the line 4-4 thereof:

Figure is a View partly in section but mainly in elevation, similar to Figure 3, showing the parts in a different position:

Figure 6 is a part elevation and part section of another form of safety razor:

Figure 'l is a side elevation of Figure 6: and

Figure 8 is a part elevation and part section of yet another form of safety razor.

Referring now to Figures 1 and 2, the razor frame comprises a blade base I0, and two opposite guards II separated from the blade base Il) by slots I3 and connected to the base IIl by bridges I4. A unitary handle I5 is rotatably secured to the base Ill, for example by a spigot I6 passed through a counter-sunk hole in the base I9 and riveted. The blade clamping means is formed integrally with the handle I5 and comprises an interrupted or non-circular collar or face cam I'I of'which the corresponding surfaces I8 facing the'base I6 are bevelled or helical. The base IE! is provided with locating pegs I9 for locating a blade thereon.

The blade 26 is of the thin flexible or wafer type and is provided with an aperture 2| of a conguration similar to that of the interrupted collar or face cam I'I and of sufficient dimensions to pass clearly over the handle I5 and over the collar or face cam I'I. The blade 26 is also provided with perforations adapted to engage the locating pegs I9 and these perforations may, if desired, be extensions of the aperture 2I.

In the arrangement shown in Figures 1 and 2, the base I0 and guards'II are preferably curved as shown into a hollow form similar to that shown' in Figure '7. However, if desired the bridges I4 may be crankedto off-set the guards II from the base I0, thus to provide the necessary shaving clearance and, when the bridges I4 are so oil-set, thebase Ill may, if desired, be flat or of small curvature. Furthermore the slots I3 may be of different widths or the bridges I4 on opposite sides of the base I6 may be diierently cranked to provide diierent shaving clearances for the two sides of the razor.

In the operation of the razor, the handle I5 is threaded through the aperture 2| of the blade and the blade is passed along the handle I5 until it is in contact near its edges with the base I0. The handle I5 is` then rotated so` that the bevelled or` helical faces I8 of the interrupted collar or face cam I'I engage the edges of tlfe aperture 2| of ther blade 26. When the handle is further rotated, the inclined surfaces 'I8 urge the blade towards the baseI thereby flexing it until, when the interrupted collar or face cam II assumes the position shown in chain lines in Figure 2, the blade is fully flexed and securely clamped against the base I0 with its edges projecting through the slots I3 on the side of the base I0 and guards I I opposite to that from which the handle I5 projects.

In order to release the'blade, the handle I5 is rotated in the reverse direction until the interrupted collar or face cam II assumes the position showngin full lines in Figures l and 2, when the blade can be passed over the interruptedcollar or face cam I'I along the handle I5 and removed.

In the arrangement shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 the handle I5 is. hollow or tubular and is rotatable Aand axially movable upon a stern 22. The stem 22 is rigidly secured to the base I0 by being screwed and soldered thereto.

The interrupted collar or face cam I1 is carried upon a bush 23 which is slidable and rotatable upon the stem 22. The stem 22, however, is provided with a groove 24 which, at its end near the base I0, is parallel with the axis of the stem 22 and of the handle I5 but has a helical portion 25 extending around the stem 22 somewhat more remote from the base I0. A pin 26 in the bush 23 engages the groove 24. The handle I5 is provided with a slot having a portion 21 extending parallel to its axis and a. helical portion 28. A pin 29 secured to the stem 22 engages this slot. The handle I5 is connected to the bush 23 for the transmission of axial movement by means of a pin 30 extending through the bush 23 and engaging a circumferential groove 3l formed in the handle.

In the operation of the razor shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, before insertion of the blade, the parts are initially in the position shown in Figure 5, The handle I5 is threaded through the aperture 2| of the blade 20 'and the blade is passed into contact with the base. The handle I5 is then pushed axially towards the base I0 thus urging the bush 23 axially towards the base IB. The bush 23 is caused to rotate by engagement of the pin 26 with the helical part 25 of the slot 24. Such rotation of the bush causes the interrupted collar I1 to over-lie portions of the blade 20 as shown in Figure 4. Simultaneously with the assumption by the interrupted collar I'I of the position shown in Figure 4 the pin 26 enters the axial portion of the groove 24 and the pin 29 reaches the junc`' tion of the axial slot 21 with the helical slot 28 of the handle I5. The handle I5 is then rotated so as to urge it and consequently the bush 23 and interrupted collar I1 axially and thus to apply the nal clamping pressure to the blade.

No rotation of the bush 23 and interrupted collar II takes place during this final movement, since the pitch of the screw connection provided by the groove 24 and pin 26 is here infinite.

The pitch of the helical slot 28 is preferably small in order to enable adequate clamping force to be applied to the blade 20 and also to secure irreversibility and thus to prevent the clamping pressure being relieved while the razor is in normal use.

In order to remove the blade 26, the handle I5 J is slightly rotated to bringthe pin 29 into the axial slot 2l of the handle I5 and the handle is pulled away from the base I0', the pin 26 travelling along the groove 24, 25 and thus causing the parts to assume the position shown in Figure 5, after which the blade may be removed over the inter-l rupt'ed collar I'I and handle I5.

Referring now to Figures 6 and 7, the handle I 5 is secured permanently by a slotted bracket 32 to thebase I. Two clamping lugs 33 are respectively pivoted labout axes at right angles to the handle upon pins 34 extending through the bracket 32. A yoke 35 slides in a slot. 36 formed in the handle I5 and the clamping lugs 33 are respectively connected by links 31 to this yoke, The yoke 35 is rotatably connected to a spindle 38vhaving a screw connection 39 with the hollow handle I5. The spindle 38 is preferably hollow and is provided with an external knurled operating knob 40.

In the operation of the razor shown in Figures 6 and 7, in order to insert the blade, the knob 40 is rotated to retract the yoke 35 to the position indicated in chain lines on the right-hand side of Figure 6 thus moving, by means of the links 3l.

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against the base l0. In order to remove the blade reverse sequence of these operations is carried out.

In the arrangement shown in Figure 8, the clamping lugs 33 are provided with toothed sectors- 4|. The toothed sectors 4l engage a worm '42" formed upon the end of a spindle 43 which is rotatable within the hollow handle l5 and secured against axial motion by a pin M which engages a circumferential groove in the stem 43. The stem 43 is provided with an external operating knob 40.

The manner of operation of the safety razor shown in Figure 8 is substantially similar to that of the safety razor shown in Figures 6 and 7, the rotation of the Worm 42 by the knob 40 retracting the clamping lugs t3 into the position shown in chain lines on the right-hand side of Figure 8.

Instead of engaging a worm 42, each toothed sector 4l might engage racks movable axially in the handle and operated in a manner similar to the yoke 32 shown in Figure 6.

Itk will be appreciated that certain embodiments of safety razor in accordance with the invention have been described with reference to and shown in the accompanying drawings by Way of example only and that many modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. A safety razor comprising a blade-base having a guard, a handle permanently attached to the blade-base, clamping means at the handle side of the base for clamping a blade against the base and a blade apertured to pass freely' over the length of the handle and over the clamping means into contact with the blade-base.

2. A safety razor comprising a blade-base, two guards respectively disposed at opposite sidesy of v the blade-base and separated therefrom by slots,

the two guards being differently related to the proximate sides of the blade-base to provide two different shaving clearances, a handle permanently attached to the blade-base, clamping means at the handle side of the blade-base for clamping a blade against the blade-base, and a two-edged blade apertured to pass freely over the length of the handle and over the clamping means into contact with the blade-base.

3. A safety razor comprising a blade-base having a guard, a handle rotatably secured to the blade-base, clamping means at the handle side of the blade-base for clamping a blade against the blade-base, a blade apertured to pass freely over the length of the handle and over the clamping means into contact with the blade-base and an operative connection between the rotatable handle and the clamping means for operation of the clamping means by rotation of the handle.

4. A safety razor comprising a blade-base having a guard, a handle permanently attached to the blade-base, clamping means comprising a rotatable non-circular member disposed at the handle side of the blade-base for clamping a blade against the blade-base, means for rotating-said non-circular member, and a blade having a noncircular aperture adapted to pass freely over the length ofthe handle and over the clamping means i-nto contact-With the blade-base.

5. 'A- safety razor comprisingv a blade-base having a guard, a handle permanently attached to theA blade-base, clamping means comprising a rotatable non-circular member provided with cam faces disposed at the handle side of the blade-base for clamping a blade against the blade-base, means'for rotating said non-circular member, and ablade having a non-circular aperture adapted to pass freely over the length ofthe handle and over the clamping means into contact with the blade-base.

6. A safety razor comprising a blade-base having a guard, a handle rotatably secured tothe blade-base, an interrupted face cam integral with the handle and adjacent to the blade-base for ing a guard, a handle permanently attached to the blade-base, clamping means comprising a rotatable and axially movable non-circular member disposed at the handle side of the blade-base for clamping a blade against the blade-base, means for' imparting rotation and axial movement to said non-circular member, and a blade having a noncircul'ar aperture adapted to pass freely over thelength of the handle and over the clamping means into contact with the blade-base.

8. A safety razor comprising a blade-basel having a guard, a stem securedv to the blade-base, clamping means comprising a non-circular member having aiquick-pitched screwr engagement -with the stem, a handle mounted upon said stem for axial movement thereon, an operative connection between said handle and said non-circular member for imparting thereto axial movement along said stem to cause rotational movement of the non-circular member, and a blade having a non-circular aperture adapted to pass freely over the length of the handle and over the clamping means rinto contact with the blade-base.

9. A safety razor comprising a blade-base having a guard, a stem secured to the blade-base, clamping means comprising a non-circular member having a screw engagement with the stern, the pitch of said screw engagement being substantially infinite at the approach of the noncircular member towards the blade-base, a handle slidably mounted upon the stem for axial movement thereon, an operative connection between said handle and said non-circular member for imparting thereto axial movement along said stem, and a blade having a non-circular aperture adapted to pass freely over the length of the handle and over the clamping means into contact with the blade-base.

10. A safety razor comprising a blade-base having a guard, a stem secured to the blade-base, clamping means comprising a non-circular member having a screw engagement with the stem, the pitch of said screw engagement being substantially innite at the approach of the non-circular member towards the base, a ha'ndle slidably mounted upon the stem for axial movement thereon, an operative connection between the handle and the stem adapted to permit limited axial movement of the handle relative to thel stem without rotation over the major portion of the permitted travel of the handle and to cause rotational movement of the handle relative t0 the stem near one end of the permitted travel, an operative connection between said handle and said non-circular member for imparting thereto axial movement along said stern, and a blade having a non-circular aperture adapted to pass freely over the length of the handle and over the clamping means into contact with the blade-base.

1l. A Safety razor comprising a blade-base having a guard, a handle permanently attached to the blade-base, a clamping lug pivoted about an axis at right angles to the handle, means for rotating the clamping lug about its axis to and from a clamping position, and a blade apertured to pass freely over the length of the handle and over the clamping lug into contact with the blade-base.

12. A safety razor comprising a blade-base having a guard, a handle permanently attached to the blade-base, a clamping lug pivoted about an axis at right angles to the handle, a yoke movable axially of the handle, a link connecting the yoke to the clamping lug, screw means for moving the yoke along the handle, and a blade apertured to pass freely over the length of the handle and over the clamping lug into contact with the blade-base.

13. A safety razor comprising a blade-base having a guard, a handle permanently attached to the blade-base, a clamping lug pivoted about an axis at right angles to the handle, a toothed sector upon the clamping lug and concentric with its pivotal axis, means .engaging the toothed sector for rotating the lug about its axis, and a blade apertured to pass freely over the length of the handle and over the clamping lug into contact with the blade-base.

14. A safety razor comprising a blade-base having a guard, a handle permanently attached to the blade-base, a clamping lug pivoted about an axis at right angles to the handle, a toothed sector upon the clamping lug and concentric with its pivotal axis, a worm rotatably associated with the handle and engaging the toothed sector, means for rotating the worm, and a blade apertured to pass freely over` the length of the handle and over the clamping lug into contact with the blade-base 15. A safety razor comprising a blade-base having a guard, a handle permanently attached to the blade-base, a clamping lug pivoted about an axis at right angles to the handle, a toothed sector upon the clamping lug and concentric with its pivotal axis, a rack movable axially of the handle and engaging the toothed sector, means for moving the rack, and a blade apertured to pass freely over the length of the handle and over the clamping lug into contact with the blade-base.

16. A safety razor comprising a combined cap and guard member, a handle including a part fixed to said member and a part rotatably carried thereby, a blade having an opening to receive the handle when the blade is dropped thereover, and means carried by the rotatable part of the handle and cooperating with the blade when the same is turned relative to the combined cap and guard member for locking the blade in position.

1'7. A safety razor comprising, in combination, a combined cap and guard member having a central stem fixed thereto and carrying oppositely disposed guard bars and blade guiding means, av handle rotatably mounted on said stem end carrying oppositely disposed arms adapted in one position to extend generally longitudinally of the combined cap and guard member and in the other position to extend generally transversely thereof, a blade having a central cut-out section of a form adapted to pass over the handle L and said arms when the latter are disposed longitudinally of said member, said blade being formed so as to cooperate with the blade guiding means on said combined cap and guard member so that the blade is guided into proper position on the combined cap and guard member when the blade is passed over the handle and arms, rotation of the handle moving said arms to their transverse position in which they bear against said blade and hold the same rmly in shaving position.

CARL HEINRICH HEINLEIN.

QUI

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