US2087748A - Electric gaseous discharge device - Google Patents

Electric gaseous discharge device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2087748A
US2087748A US24449A US2444935A US2087748A US 2087748 A US2087748 A US 2087748A US 24449 A US24449 A US 24449A US 2444935 A US2444935 A US 2444935A US 2087748 A US2087748 A US 2087748A
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United States
Prior art keywords
discharge
electrode
envelope
electrodes
turn
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Expired - Lifetime
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US24449A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bol Cornelis
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General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
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Publication of US2087748A publication Critical patent/US2087748A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0672—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electric gaseous discharge devices and in particular to electrodes therefor.
  • a particular object of the invention is to provide a gaseous discharge device with an improved cathode.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an electrode assembly which can be readily degassed and activated.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a structure which will maintain an arc discharge at a central point on the cathode.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a structure which will facilitate the initiation of a discharge in a' gaseous discharge device.
  • the electrode structure should provide a closed circuit in a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the tube forming the discharge device, so that it will be possible to obtain good fiux linkage with a high frequency coil which is placed around the tube.
  • the electrode in order to induce currents of sufficient intensitythe electrode must be designed in such a way that this closed circuit encloses the maximum possible number of lines of force; in other words, it must be of virtually the same shape and dimensions as the cross section of the tube within which it is enclosed. This, however, results in the disadvantage that the electrode is extremely close to the wall of the tube,
  • this difiiculty is overcome by providing these devices with an electrode of novel configuration.
  • this electrode is made of wire, a
  • the loop of large diameter provides an exceptionally effective linkage which is augmented, of course, by the linkage of the other coils of smaller diameter, so that the inductive heating of this novel electrode is extremely efilcient.
  • This large loop does not offer any hazard to the envelope wall, however, due to the fact that the discharge always takes place to the portion of the electrode which projects further toward the other electrode. Since this portion is of smaller diameter the discharge is maintained substantially at the axis of the tubular envelope.
  • the loop portion of the electrode In order to enclose the largest possible number of lines of force with the smallest possible length of winding the loop portion of the electrode is ordinarily made circular, but under certain conditions this shape is modified.
  • the loop on my novel electrode is preferably somewhat elongated so as to better conform with the shape of the tube adjacent to the seal, and thus permit the mounting thereof closer to the seal.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a high intensity mercury vapor arc lamp employing a pair of my novel cathodes
  • Fig. 2 is an elevational View of the same device taken at right angles to Fig. 1.
  • my novel lamp has a tubular envelope l of hard glass or other suitable material. Near the ends of said envelope a pair of electrodes 2 and 3 are arranged. Each of these electrodes consists of a helical coil with three turns 4 of small diameter and a fourth turn or loop 5 of much larger diameter, the turns of larger diameter being adjacent the respective ends of the envelope l. The axis of these coils approximately coincides with the .previously been given a helical shape is helically wound. These coils are preferably coated with a substance of high electron emissivity, such as an alkaline earth oxide. The turn 5 of these coils is but slightly smaller diameter than the tube I, so that the largest possible!
  • the tube i is provided with an external pinch seal 6 at one end thereof, with the result that the tube section adjacent to this 'end is somewhat elongated rather than circular.
  • the turn 5 of thiselectrode is made with a similar shape.
  • the width of this turn as shown in Fig. 2 is less than that shown in Fig. l.
  • the electrodes 2 and 3 are fastened to supporting wires 1 which are sealed in through the pinch 6. Within the envelope I these wires are each surrounded by insulating tubes 8 of glass or any other suitable material. In the vicinity of the electrode 2 there is an auxiliary electrode 9 consisting of a thin tungsten wire. This auxiliary electrode is adapted to be connected to the inlead to the electrode 3 through a high impedance in a well known manner.
  • the envelope i contains a suitable gaseous atmosphere.
  • a rare gas such as argon or neon
  • the amount of mercury is preferably so limited, however, that it is entirely evaporated before the lamp reaches thermal equilibrium when it is operated with normal rated wattage, so that the arc discharge occurs in unsaturated mercury vapor.
  • a discharge is formed in a device having these characteristics the arc is extremely constricted, due to the high pressure.
  • the electrodes of the lamp illustrated in the drawing have three turns ofsmall diameter, this is not essential, one or moresuch turns being employed, as desired. Likewise more than one loop or turn of larger diameter may also be used if desired. The smaller turns furthermore may also be given the shape of a conical coil instead 01' being helical. Various other changes, omissions and substitutions, within the scope of the appended claims, may likewise be made in the structure illustrated without departing from the spirit of my invention.
  • An electric gaseous discharge device comprising a sealed envelope containing a gaseous atmosphere and having electrodes sealed therein, at least one of said electrodes having a single inlead and consisting of a plurality of turns forming a continuous closed circuit within said envelope, the turn more remote from the discharge path in said device being larger than the turn nearest to said path, the latter turn projecting a considerable distance beyond the nearest large turn in order to attract the discharge thereto.
  • An electric gaseous discharge'device comprising a sealed envelope containing a gaseous atmosphere and having electrodes sealed therein, at least one of said electrodes having a single inlead and consisting of a series of turns which are coaxial with said envelope with a connection between the ends of said turns which passes through said turns and completes an' electrical circuit therethrough within said envelope, said turns being of different diameters, the turn more remote from the discharge path being much larger than the one nearest to said path, the latter turn projecting a considerable distance beyond the nearest large turn in order to attract the discharge thereto.
  • An electric gaseous discharge device comprising a sealed envelope containing a gaseous atmosphere and having electrodes sealed therein through an external pinch seal, the electrode adjacent to said seal having a single inlead and consisting of a plurality of turns forming a continuous closed circuit within said envelope, said turns being of diflerent diameters, the turn more remote from the discharge path being much larger than the one nearest to said path and having a somewhat elongated shape to conform to the shape of said envelope at the pinch, whereby it may be mounted close to the end of said envelope, the turn nearest said discharge path projecting a considerable distance beyond the nearest large turn in order to attract the discharge thereto.
  • An electric gaseous discharge device comprising a sealed envelope containing a gaseous atmosphere and having electrodes sealed therein, at least one of said electrodes having a single inlead and consisting in part of a loop which is coaxial with said envelope, said loop being considerably larger in diameter than the remainder of said electrode which extends axially farther into the discharge space and presents a small pointed surface which attracts the discharge to the end thereof, said electrode having an activated surface supported by a continuous core which is short circuited on itseii'within said envelope.

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  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
US24449A 1934-06-04 1935-05-31 Electric gaseous discharge device Expired - Lifetime US2087748A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE430975X 1934-06-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2087748A true US2087748A (en) 1937-07-20

Family

ID=6483859

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US24449A Expired - Lifetime US2087748A (en) 1934-06-04 1935-05-31 Electric gaseous discharge device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2087748A (enMihai)
FR (1) FR790768A (enMihai)
GB (1) GB430975A (enMihai)
NL (1) NL41671C (enMihai)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE974049C (de) * 1940-12-24 1960-08-25 Patra Patent Treuhand Elektrische Metalldampf-Hochdruckentladungslampe
NL278794A (enMihai) * 1961-05-23

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB430975A (en) 1935-06-27
FR790768A (fr) 1935-11-27
NL41671C (enMihai)

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