US2086205A - Fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

E. G. BAILEY FUEL BURNER Original Filed Sept. 27. 1930 6 Sheets-Sheet l MTTORN EXS July 6 1937. E, G, BA|LEY 2,086,205

FUEL BURNER Original Filed Sept. 27. 193'.) I 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYJ y 1937- E. G. BAILEY 2,086,205

FUEL BURNER Original Filed Sept. 27.. 1930 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 July 6, 1937. i as. B AILEY 2,086,205

FUEL BURNER Origifial-Filed Sept. 27. 1930 Q 6 Sheets-Shet 4 5 .XFIIENT WJ ATTQRNE July 6, 1937. I E. G. BAILEY FUEL BURNER 6 Sheets-Sheet s Original Filed Sept. 27. 19 30 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIInfl IIIIIIIII'IIIIIII'IIIIIIII "1''",

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BY W/ 1 v ATTORNEYS Patented July 6, 1937 UNITED STATES PATIENT OFFICE I FUEL BURNER,

Ervin G. Bailey, Easton, Pa., assignor, by mesne assignments, to The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Newark, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application September 27, 1930, Serial No. 484,729 Renewed December 13, 1933 14 Claims. (Cl. 122-235) through an illustrative embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a section along the line 22 of Fig. 3; Fig. 3 is a section along the line 3- -3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a view on an enlarged scale along the line 4-4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a section'along the line 5-5 of Fig. 3, and Fig. 6 is a section along the line 6-6 of Fig. 2.

In the drawings, reference character I indicates a furnace above which a water tube boiler 2 of the Babcock 8r Wilcox type may. be located.

Furnace wall tubes 3 may be provided along the walls of the furnace and lined with tile or the well-known Bailey blocks 4. These tubes are shownconnected to lower headers 5 and upper headers 6 which may be connected to the water circulation system of the boiler in any of the well-known .ways. The furnace floor 1, which is supported upon supports 8, is indicated as being of the type in which slag may collect thereupon and be tapped out at intervals.

A row of tubes is shown connecting the front upper header 6 to a header ll, these tubes being lined with tile or Bailey blocks and shaped to form the furnace arch. The blocks or tile l2 may be kept in place on the tubes ID by means of clamps l3, as indicated in Figs. 3 and 6 of the drawings. a

The burner i4 is of the type in which the fuel can be injected into the furnace in a vertical direction and is connected to pipe IS. The pipe I! may lead from a source of gas or other fuel, such as pulverized coal, for example, suspended in primary air. It will be observed that the burner has a plurality of outlets all in lateral alignment (see Fig. 4), and that these outlets are disposed between cooled members forming the furnace wall-as here illustrated, the tubes III.

A mouth or exit device It is located at the end of the burner and is connected to-the tubes l0.

This device is shaped to divide the stream of gas or primary air and fuel into a plurality of thin parallel streams and project them through the spaces between the tubes lli into the furnace. Flanges I! are provided on the members l4 and it for convenience in connecting them together.

, provided for keeping the burner in place.

Brackets I 8, which may be connected to the tubes H! by means of bolts l9 connected to the tile, are The brackets iii are connected to flanges 20 on the member i6.

A secondary air casing'2l surrounds the burner and a pipe 22 is connected thereto, which may provide preheated air for combustion purposes. A rod 23 provided with a turnbuckle for adjusting the length of this rod is located inside ofthe casing 2| for connecting the outer end of the burner l4 to a bracket 23. that is attachedto the tubes iii to aid in supporting the burner. The member i6 is provided with a plurality of hollow, transverse partitions or division members 24 somewhat wedge-shaped in cross-section (Figs.

.3 and 6) and extending parallel to the tubes I0.

These hollow partitions 24 are spaced apart to leave wedge-shaped openings 25-from the member l4 to the middle portion of the spaces between the tubes to. These openings 25 terminate in elongated mouths, as most clearly shown in Fig. 4, in the spaces midway between the tubes. Cro'ss members 26 are provided at the enlarged ends of the hollow members 24 and have rounded depressions 21 to fit against the opposite surfaces of the tubes Ill. Openings 28 are provided to permit secondary air from the casing to enter the hollow partitions 24 from opposite directions.

As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the air casing 2| extends beyond the ends of the nozzle series, and the tube blocks omitted in that area, leave unobstructed intertube ports between each end of the nozzle series and the adiacent casing wall. The end air ports thereby formed provide a slight excess of air at both ends of the burner. As shown in Figs. 2 and 4, the ends of the fuel I nozzles do not extend the full length of the available intertube spaces, but terminate short thereof to leave openings aboveand below their discharge ends through which streams of excess air are discharged from the air casing 2|. The

curved deflector plates shown in Figs. 2 and 5 cause these air streams to impinge upon the opposite ends of each elongated fuel stream.

The operation is as follows: The stream of fuel and primary air entering the member l4 through the pipe I5 is narrowed in one direction and widened in a direction at right angles thereto as it enters the member I 6 in a wide stream extending in a direction across the tubes ll. The

Ywidened stream is divided in the member I. by the partitions 24' into a plurality of flat streams or sheets which pass through the spaces 2|, be-

coming thinner until they pass out through the outlet ends of the spaces 25 through the middle portion of the spaces between the tubes Iii. These individual small flat streams or sheets are parallel to the tubes Ill. At the same time, secondary air from the casing 2| enters the openings 28 over the edges of the cross members 28. The air entering each hollow member 24 escapes therefrom in two thin streams along opposite sides of the corresponding tube It in directions at an angle to the center planes of the individual small sheets of primary air and fuel. In this way, each thin sheet of fuel and primary air is struck on opposite sides and end by streams of secondary air which causes each individual stream or sheet of fuel and primary air to be surrounded with secondary air just as they enter the furnace, so that the sheets of fuel and primary air do not come into contact with the surfaces of the tubes It), being protected by the sheets or layers of secondary air. The construction just described and illustrated is an example of one means associated with the burner to project sheets of secondary air between the burner outlets and the cooled members or tubes ill in the furnace wall.

I claim;

1. In combination, a furnace having spaced tubes along a wall thereof, a burner means to project a plurality of sheets of fuel from said burner into said furnace and surround said sheets v with secondary air, said means comprising V- shaped hollow members arranged in a series extending transversely of said tubes, and a combustion air casing around said burner, said hollow members being provided with openings therein into the space within said casing.

2. In a furnace, spaced cooled members forming a furnace wall, a burner carried by said members, a plurality of exit devices in said burner all in lateral alignment disposed with their discharge opening between and spaced from said cooled members, and means associated with said burner to project sheets of combustion air between said discharge openings and said cooled members.

3. In a furnace, spaced cooled members forming a furnace wall, a burner disposed on the opposite side of said members from the combustion chamber of said furnace and having a plurality of laterally disposed exit nozzles divided into two groups, the nozzles of which are alternately spaced and one of said groups arranged to project its flow between the said members, and means associated with said burner to project primary air and fuel through one set of nozzles and secondary air through the other, said secondary air nozzles being constructed and arranged to project the secondary air between said primary air and fuel nozzles and the adjacent spaced cooled members.

4. In a furnace, spaced water tubes and a refractory covering thereon forming a furnace wall, aburner disposed on the opposite side of said water tubes from the combustion chamber of said furnace having a plurality of laterally disposed exit nozzles divided into two groups the nozzles of which are alternately spaced, one of said groups being arranged to project its flow between the water tubes, the refractory covering being omitted from the water tubes adjacent said burner, and means associated with said burner to project primary air and fuel through one set of nozzles and secondary air through the other, said secondary air nozzles being constructed and arranged to project the secondary air between said primary air and fuel nozzles and the adjacent spaced cooled members, 7

5. In combination with a furnace a pulverized fuel nozzle for primary air and fuel mixture and passages for secondary air, comprising a flared body having an outlet of greater breadth than width, and approximately V-shape partitions disposed within and across said outlet with apices inwardly thereof and in spaced relation to each other to provide therebetween outlets for primary air and fuel, the inside walls of each partition forming passages for secondary air, the walls of each of said partitions being curved complementary to adjacent walls to provide streamline surfaces tending to preserve fluid velocity.

6. In a furnace, a water cooled wall, a fuel nozzle for primary air and fuel mixture and passages for secondary air all in said wall, said fuel nozzle comprising a flared body having an outlet of greater breadth than width, and approximately V-shape partitions disposed within and across said outlet with apices inwardly thereof and in spaced relation to each other to provide there- .between outlets for primary air and fuel, the inside walls of each partition forming passages for secondary air the walls of each of said partitions being curved complementary to adjacent walls to provide streamline surfaces tending to preserve fluid velocity.

7. In combination with a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein and a row of cooling fluid tubes uniformly spaced across said burner port to form transversely spaced discharge openings therebetween, a fluid fuel burner comprising a series of transversely spaced nozzles adjacent to and spaced from said cooling tubes and discharging through said discharge openings, a combustion air casing at the outer side of said furnace wall and surrounding said burner port, and means for passing air from said casing through said burner port between each of the streams of fuel discharged from said nozzles and the corresponding adjacent cooling tubes.

' 8. In combination with a furnace wall havin a fuel burner port formed therein and a row of cooling fluid tubes uniformly spaced across said burner port to form transversely spaced discharge openings therebetween, a fluid fuel burner comprising a fluid fuel conduit terminating in a series oftransversely spaced nozzles adjacent to and spaced from said cooling tubes and discharging through said discharge openings, a combustion air casing at the outer side of said furnace wall and surrounding said burner port, and means for passing air from said casing through said burner port at opposite sides of each of the streams of fuel discharged from said nozzles and between said fuelstreams and the corresponding adjacent cooling tubes;

9. Incombination with a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein and a row of cooling fluid tubes spaced across said burner port to form transversely spaced discharge openings therebetween, a fluid fuel burner comprising: a fluid fuel conduit terminating in a series of transversely spaced nozzles adjacent to and spaced from said cooling tubes and discharging through said discharge openings, a combustion air casing at the outer side of said furnace wall and surrounding said burner port, and means for passing air from saidcasing through said burner port above and below the streams of fuel discharged from said nozzles and other streams between each of said fuel streams and the corresponding adjacent cooling tubes.

10. In combination with a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein and a row of cooling fluid tubes uniformly spaced across said burner pbrt to form transversely spaced discharge openings therebetween, a fuel burner comprising a fluid fuel conduit terminating in a series of transversely spaced nozzles elongated longitudinally of and spaced from said cooling tubes and discharging through said discharge openings, a combustion air casing at the outer side of said furnace wall and surrounding said burner port, and means for passing air from said casing through said discharge openings between each of the streams of fuel discharged from said nozzles and the corresponding adjacent cooling tubes. v

11. In combination with a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein and a row of cooling fluid tubes uniformly spaced across said burner port to form transversely spaced discharge openings therebetween, a fuel burner comprising a fluid fuel conduit having a fanshaped distributing section terminating in a series of transversely spaced nozzles positioned between and spaced from said cooling tubes and discharging through said discharge openings, a combustion air casing at the outer side of said furnace wall and surrounding said burner port, and means for passing air from said casing through said burner port between,each of the streams of fueidischarged from said nozzles and the corresponding adjacent cooling tubes.

12. A fluid fuel burner comprising a distributing section progressively flaring in one direction and tapering in a direction normal thereto towards its discharge end and terminating in a relatively short discharge section progressively flaring in said normal direction, and a series of hollow nozzle-forming members within and extending transversely of the direction of fuel discharge through said discharge section and' spaced relative to each other and to opposite side walls of said discharge section to form nozzle passages therebetween opening at one end to said distributing section, each of said nozzle-forming members having an air chamber therein opening therefrom adjacent the discharge ends of the nozzle passages partly defined thereby.

13. A fluid fuel burner comprising a distributing section progressively flaring in one direction towards its discharge end and terminating in a relatively short discharge section progressively flaring in a direction normal thereto, and a series of substantially V-shaped hollow nozzle-forming members within'and extending transversely of the direction of fuel discharge through said discharge section and spaced relative to each other to form nozzle passages therebetween opening at one end to said distributing section, each of said nozzle-forming members having an air chamber therein opening therefrom between the discharge ends of the nozzle passages partly defined there- 14. A fluid fuel burner comprising a distributing section and terminating in a discharge section flaring towards its discharge end, and a series of substantially V-shaped hollow nozzleforming members within and extending transversely of the direction of fuel discharge through said discharge section and spaced relative to each other and to the adjacent side walls of said discharge section to form nozzle passages therebetween opening at one end to said distributing section, each of said nozzle-forming members having an air chamber therein opening therefrom between the discharge ends of the nozzle passages partly defined thereby, and the walls of each of said nozzle-forming members being curved complementary to adjacent walls to provide streamline surfaces tending to preserve fluid velocity.

ERVIN G. BAILEY.

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