US2083101A - Valve - Google Patents

Description

VALVE Filed Sept. 4, 1954 A TTORN S.

Patented June 8, 1937 UNITE snares a grip Application September 2 Claims.

This invention relates to valves and especially to an oscillating type of sleeve valve for use in internal combustion engines and the like.

The object of the present invention is general- 1y to improve and simplify the construction and operation of valves of the character described; to provide an expansible form of sleeve valve which will automatically take up wear and compensate for heat distortions in operation, without any mechanical adjustments; to provide a valve of the character described which will permit the use of intake and exhaust ports of large area and which will effectively seal said ports when in closed position without undue pressure or friction; to provide a valve which permits high speed operation without danger of valve flutter and improper seating; to provide a valve in which there is a large contact area with either water or air cooled surfaces of the engine so as to eliminate any danger of overheating and warping of the valve; to provide a valve in which there is a wiping action between the valve and seat when opening or closing the same so as to materially reduce the chance of foreign matter, such as carbon or coarse dust particles, being lodged between the valve andseat; and further, to provide a valve and actuating mechanism in which the movable parts are exceedingly light in weight so as to reduce inertia forces to a minimum.

The valve is shown by way of illustration in the accompanying drawing, in which- Fig. 1 is a central vertical section of the cylinder head in an internal combustion engine showing the position of the valves.

Fig, 2 is a horizontal section taken on line IIII of Fig. 1. t

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the plugs.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view partly broken away showing the valve.

Referring to the drawing in detail, and particularly Figs. 1 and 2, A indicates the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, B the piston, C the cylinder head in which is formed an inlet port D and an exhaust port E; and F-F indicates a pair of valves whereby the ports are opened and closed at proper time intervals.

The valves F-F form the subject matter of the present application and, as they are identical in construction and operation, the description of one should suffice.

The valve proper is best illustrated in Fig. 4. It consists of a sleeve constructed of cast iron, or similar material. The major portion of the sleeve is cut away, leaving a ring portion 2 at 55 each end and a bridge or connecting member 3,

4, 1934, Serial No. 742,577

which forms the port or valve opening closure; the closure portion 3 of the valve being materially wider and longer than the port opening with which it cooperates to insure proper seating v and closing of the port when the valve assumes closed position. The cylinder head is bored transversely to receive the sleeve valve and as the valve, when finished, is slightly larger than the bore provided for its reception splitting of the rings, as indicated at 4, is necessary to permit a slight contraction when the sleeve valve is inserted.

After insertion the ring-shaped ends of the valve tend to exp-and back to normal size. This expanding action is important as it holds the valve in engagement with its seat. It automatically takes up wear between the valve and seat and it also compensates for heat distortion and for expansion and contraction due totemperature changes.

The transverse bore, which is provided for the reception of the valve, has a bearing portion formed at each end thereof which is provided for the reception and support of the ring-shaped ends of the valve. These rings, as already stated, are expansible and as such react with relation to the hearings to maintain the valve in engagement with its seat.

In view of the fact that the sleeve valve must be oscillated about its longitudinal axis to open and close the port with which it cooperates, means must be provided for transmitting an 05- cillating movement and means must also be provided for closing the ends of the valve to pre-- vent leakage and tosecure the valve against end.- wise movement. To accomplish this a plug 6 is placed at one end of the bore in which the valve has been inserted. The plug extends into the ring-shaped end of the valve and is provided with an annular shoulder 1 against which one end of the valve abuts. The plug is hollow as indicated at 8 to permit free circulation of air or any other cooling medium, and it is provided with an exterior flange 9 whereby it is secured to the cylinder head by screws IE3 or the like.

The plug disposed at the opposite end of the valve is made in two sections such as indicated at H and 12, the section II constituting a cylindrical driving head and extending into the ringshaped end of the valve and being provided with an annular shoulder l4 against which the end of the valve abuts. The: exterior surface of the shoulder presents an angular seat is which engages a similar shapedseat l6 formed on the inner end of the plug section I2. The plug section H is otherwise provided with a stem l1 which projects through to section 12, and a crank arm I8 is secured to the outer end thereof. An exterior flange i9 is formed in the section l2 and screws or bolts extend therethrough to secure it to the exterior surface of the cylinder head in a manner similar to the plug 6.

The plug indicated at 6 serves three functions; first that of sealing one end of the valve; secondly, that of securing the valve against endwise movement in one direction; and third, that of cooling one end of the valve. The plug I I serves the same functions but in addition thereto it serves in conjunction with the section I2 to seal escape of gases around the stem l1, and it also functions as a means for transmitting an oscillating movement to the valve.

The sealing or prevention of leakage around the stem is accomplished by the angular seats l5 and I6 which are held in engagement with each other by the spring 22. 'Ifhe oscillating movement is transmitted asfollows: Castor other wise formed on the inner surface of the valve on the end adjacent the plug H are a pair of spaced lugs 23; and similarly formed on the inner end of the plug H is a lug 24, which becomes interposed between the lugs 23 when plug 4 is inserted. The several lugs form a splined or interlocked connection between the valve and the plug H and as the plug is provided with a stem and a crank arm on the outer end thereof a connection, not here shown, may be made between the crank arm and the camshaft of the engine, whereby an oscillatingmovement is transmitted.

Inasmuch as the expanding action of the ringshaped ends of the valve is depended upon to take up wear between the valve and its seat and to compensate for heat distortions, expansion and contraction due to temperature changes, etc., ring grooves such as indicated at 26 and 2'! are formed in the respective plugs and expansion rings 25a and 21a are placed in each V groove, which engage the 'inner faces of the rings. This introduction of a second set of eX- pansion rings is advantageous as it adds. to the expanding action of the valve rings, thereby reinforcing their action and increasing the life and utility of the valve.

By constructing a valve as here shown inertia forces are maintained at a minimum due to the light weight of the valve and high speed operation is accordingly possible without danger of valve flutter, or improper seating. Lubrication is taken care of by drilling a series of holes, such as indicated at 39, through the ring-shaped ends of the valve. These holes collect oil and as such assure ample lubrication as they supply oil both to the exterior surface of the valve and to the surfaces in contact with the plugs. Due to the length of the valves, a large area will be presented to surfaces which are either water or air cooled, hence insuring cool ring valves; cooling action being further promoted by the plugs. Wear is automatically taken up by the expanding action of the ring-shaped ends of the valve and heat distortion, etc., are similarly taken care of.

Springs to retain the valves on their seats, valve tappets, and similar devices are entirely eliminated, thus materially reducing the number. of parts required and simplifying construction and operation. a

While certain features of the present invention are more or less specifically described, I

wish it understood that various changes may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims. Similarly, that the materials and finish of the several parts employed may be such as the manufacturer may decide, or varying conditions or uses may demand.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-

1. In a valve structure of the class described, a housing having a cylindrical bore extending therethrough with a bearing at each end thereof and a port formed in the housing and opening through the bore at a point intermediate the gearings, the bore portion intermediate the bearings forming a valve seat, a relatively narrow valve member arcuate in cross section cooperating with the valve seat and presenting an inner concave face, a narrow resilient ring formed integral with each end of the valve member and supported by the bearings, said rings being split entirely through transversely at a point substantially diametrically opposite the valve member and expansible to maintain the valve in engagement with its seat, a closure for one end of the bore having a plug extending into the adjacent ring, a removable closure for the other end of the bore, a substantially cylindrical driving head removable through the adjacent end of the bore and detachably retained in place by the removable closure and provided with an operating stem extending through such closure, said driving head and adjacent ring having cooperating means detachably interlocking the driving head and ring, and yieldable means for maintaining the driving head in continuous tight engagement with the closure.

2. In a valve structure of the class described, a housing having a cylindrical bore extending therethrough with a bearing at each end thereof and a port formed in the housing and opening through the bore at a point between the bearings, the bore at a point between the bearings forming a valve seat, a relatively narrow valve member arcuate in cross section cooperating with said seat and presenting an inner concave face, a narrow resilient ring formed integral with each end of the valve member and sup ported by the bearings, said rings being split entirely through transversely at a point substantially diametrically opposite the valve member and expansible to maintain the valve member in engagement with its seat, a closure for one end of the bore having a plug extending into the adjacent ring, a removable closure for the other end of the bore spaced from the adjacent ring and having a beveled seat at its inner face, a substantially cylindrical driving. head removable through the adjacent end of the bore and detachably retained in place by the removable closure and provided with an operating stem extending through the adjacent closure, said driving head having a beveled seat at its outer end to fit the beveled seat of the removable closure and reduced in diameter to fit within the adjacent ring and form a shoulder to engage the outer edge of the same, cooperating means on the driving head and on the contiguous ring including a lug and a recess receiving the lug to interlock detachably the driving head and said contiguous ring, and a spring for urging the driving head outwardly to maintain the beveled seatsin tight engagement.

7 NAPOLEON B. SIMPSON.

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