US2082896A - Picking motion for looms - Google Patents

Description

Julie 8, 1937. i c. J. LINDEGREN ET AL 2,032,896 I PICKING MOTION FOR LOOMS Filed April 5, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 w w- Q June 1937- c. J. LINDEGREN ET AL 2,082,896

y PICKING MOTION FOR LOOMS Filed April 5, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 e5 Hll IHJHHIIIHIllllllllIllllllllllllllt HIHHHH f1 TTQEWE 1 1937- c. J. LINDEGREN ET AL 2,082,896

PICKING MOTION FOR LOOMS I Filed April 5, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 June 1937- c. J. LINDEGREN ET AL 2,082,396

PICKING MOTION FOR LOOMS Filed April 5, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 MAW 0P 6 2/12 fL/AAFEGWEV $4005 5 04 CH "mam/9L5 Patented June 8, 1937 UNITED sures ATENT OFFIE PICKING Mo'noN FOR LOOMS Application April 5, 1935, Serial No. 14,806

18 Claims. (Cl. 13'9142) This invention relates to improvements in picking motions for looms and it is the general object of the invention to provide an improved motion of this type to propel a shuttle by a force transmitted frictionally,

Picking mechanisms. customarily employ picker sticks made of inherently resilient wood, such as hickory. During the first part of the picking stroke part of the action the propelling lever produces a bend in the picker stick and at the end of the stroke when the binder friction on the shuttle is reduced the stick straightens so that the shuttle is given an acceleration which is high er than that which would be produced by the lever action alone.

It has. been proposed heretofore to employ a travelling actuator to be brought into contact with the shuttle at the time of picking to move the shuttle out of the box by a force transmitted frictionally from the actuator surface to a surface of the shuttle. So far as I am aware none of these motions provides an equivalent for the straightening of the picker stick just as the shuttle starts its free flight across the lay, and

, it is an important object of our invention to stroke the stretch will assert itself by causing a part of the belt to contract and move the shuttle at a rate higher than the normal rate of the belt.

It is a further object of our invention to adapt the frictional picking actuator to the shifting shuttle box end of a loom. So far as we are aware this has not previously been done. In a fancy loom having shifting shuttle boxes the pattern may call for such a shift as will move one or more of the temporarily idle shuttles in the shifting boxes across the active position and it is a further object of our invention to provide means by which shuttles shifting from one to the other side of the picking position will be held out of contact with the travelling actuating surface. This result may conveniently be accomplished by a shuttle hinder or check operative normally to push the shuttle out of contacting position with respect to the belt during the shifting of the boxes, the binder to be relieved just prior to picking so that the shuttle next to be active may be moved into contact with the belt. In this way it is possible to use a constantly moving actuator.

The usual loom has a lay which shuttle boxes movable back and forth during loom operation. If the motor which drives the belt were on the lay the gyroscopic action of the armature together with the changing angle of the motor axis would result in wearing of the bearings. It is a further object of our invention to mount the shuttle boxes and belt driving motors on stationary supports and move the reed forwardly from the shuttle boxes after picking to lay the weft in the tell of the cloth.

With these and other objects in View which will appear as our invention proceeds, our invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and set forth in the claims,

In the accompanying drawings, wherein a convenient embodiment of our invention is set forth,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a loom having our invention applied thereto,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the plain shuttle box looking in the direction of arrow 2, Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the drop box end of the loom looking in the direction of arrow 4, Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 4,

Figs. 6 and 7 are diagrammatic side elevations showing the shifting shuttle boxes in two positions,

Fig. 8 is a detailed section on line 8-8 of Fig. 1 showing the means for actuating the reed,

Fig. 9 is a detail end view of the lay and reed similar to that shown in Fig, 8 but on an enlarged scale,

Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic plan showing the manner of controlling the shuttle positioners,

Fig. 11 is an enlarged plan view of a barrel cam shown in Fig. 10,

Fig. 12 is a diagram showingthe-control mechanism for the shuttle positioner and binder,

Fig. 13 isa detail top plan view taken in the direction of arrow l3, Fig. 12 on an enlarged scale,

and

Fig. 14 is a development of the cylinder cam which controls. the shuttle positioners.

Referring particularly to Fig. 1, we have shown a loom frame In having a box and harness shifting mechanism, such as the Knowles head K, and having a lay l2 carrying a reed l3. The lay it enters one or another of the cells.

is provided with lay swords I4 which rock about fixed pins 15, and each sword has a, rearwardly extending arm !6 which cooperates with a grooved cam ll fixed to the bottom shaft l8. Each cam has a dwell l9 which holds the lay in rear position during the flight of the shuttle and has also a rising portion 20 which moves the lay together with the reed forwardly from rear position.

A loom motor 22 may be mounted on a bracket 23 and carry a pinion 2d which meshes with gear 25 fastened to the bottom shaft I8. The motor 22 runs continuously and supplies the power required to operate the head K and the cams 11.

As viewed in Fig. l the loom has extending from the power end thereof a bracket 30 on which is mounted a single shuttle box 3| having a shuttle bunter 32 adjustable in a hunter holder 33 fastened to the bracket by means of a screw 34. The box 3i is adapted to receive any one of a plurality of weaving shuttles which arrive from the opposite side'of the loom, and is aligned with the reed when the latter is held in rear position by the dwells it of the cams.

At the other side of the 10cm there is a rectangular frame -lil bolted to the loom and having provision for guiding a gang of shuttle boxes designated generally at M. The gang in the present instance has four cells and is arranged to slide between outer and inner guides 42 and 43, respectively, secured to the rectangular frame. A box lifter rod id extends downwardly from the boxes and is connected to an actuating chain 45 moved by the head K in known'manner. A bunter d6 similar in construction and mounting to bunter 32 may be located on the rectangular frame in position to check the active shuttle as We are aware that it is old to have stationary shuttle boxes and a movable reed and these parts together with the other structure already described of themselves may be of the usual form and form no part of our present invention.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 it will be seen that we have secured to the under side of the frame 363 a depending bracket on which is mounted a picking motor 5| to drive a pulley 52. An idle pulley 53 is mounted on a bearing stand 56 secured to the frame 30 at a point nearer the center of the loom than pulley 52. While this relation has certain advantages to be set forth hereinafter, yet we do not wish to be limited to it. a v

The shuttle actuator in the present instance comprises a pair of elastic belts which are stretched around the pulleys 52 and 53. The rotation of the motor is such as to cause the belts to travel in the direction of arrow a, Fig. 2. when the picking motor 55 is operating.

In order to control the position of the shuttle when the latter is in the box 3! during the forward beat of the lay we provide a binder 60 mounted on the upper end of a shaft 6| which extends downwardly through a bearing 62 secured to the frame 30. The lower part of the shaft Bl has secured thereto a rearwardly extending arm 63' shown particularly in Fig. 12 having a lug 64 with a surface 65 inclined forwardly and toward the center of the loom. A torsion spring 65 surrounds the shaft 60 and. by a connection with collar 61 secured to the shaft acts to hold the binder yieldingly rearward or toward shuttle checlnfng position.

The rear surface 68 of the binder 60 when the latter is in normal checking position is behind the rear surface 69 of the belt so that the shuttle S in the position shown in Fig. 2 will be held rearwardly by the binder out of contact with the belt, hence the latter can continue to run without disturbing the shuttle.

The box back ill for the box 3| has a vertical stud ll on which is fixed a rearwardly extending arm '52 connected as at 13 to a rod 14. A second arm moving with arm 12 carries a shuttle positioning r011 16 normally behind and. therefore out of engagement with the shuttle as shown in Fig. 2. This is not necessary relation, however, inasmuch as the roll may if desired be so placed as to have light rolling contact with the rear face of the shuttle.

Rod 14 is connected as at E5 to a lever 11 pivoted as at E8 to a bracket 19, see Fig. 1, supported on a cross girt of the loom frame. The rear arm 8| of lever ll carries a stud 82 which fits into a cam groove 83 formed in the periphery of cylinder 34 secured to the bottom shaft l8. The latter completes one revolution for each two beats of the loom as usual. As shown in Fig. 14 the cam groove may have two central or neutral dwells 85 between which are located lobes 85 for the plain end and 8'! for the box end of the loom, respectively. I

In the operation of the matter thus far described the picking motor 5| is in continuous rotation and therefore drives the. belts 55 continuously and preferably at a constant rate of speed. When the point in the loom cycle is reached when the shuttle is to be picked, that is, when the lay has reached its rear position, the

lobe 86 will cooperate with lever T! to shift the latter in such a way as to move rod I4 to the left as viewed in Fig. 1, thereby moving roll 16 against the rear surface of the shuttle to force the latter forwardly against the belt. It will be seen that the force exerted by the roll '16 lies at a point intermediate the driving and idler pulleys 52 and 53, respectively, so that the shuttle is held in proper relation relatively to the belt throughout its length.

When arm 12 is moved to the left as viewed in Figs. 2 and 12, a binder controlling lever arm 88 is moved from the full to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 12. This finger has a lug 89 with a face 90 somewhat similar in inclination to face 65 to engage the latter and cause rocking 1 of arm 63 from the full to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 12. When arm 63 is thus rocked the binder will be moved forwardly to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 12 so that the surface 68 thereof will either be in line with or in front K of the plane of the surface 69 of the belt. In other words, when the barrel cam operates to pull rod '14 toward the center of the loom the roll 16 will act to move the shuttle against the belt and binder 6U will move forwardly to permit such movement on the part of the shuttle.

At the opposite end of the lay we provide a second picking motor 90 secured to a bracket 9| depending from the rectangular frame 49. Shaft 92 of this second motor extends upwardly through suitable bearings and has mounted thereon a driving pulley 93 similar to pulley 52. An idler pulley 94 rotatably mounted on the rectangular frame is located at a point inwardly from the driving pulley with respect to the center of the loom, and as at the other end of the loom we provide a pair of elastic belts 55 extending around the pulleys 93 and 94.

A shuttle positioning roll M30 is rotatable on an arm I0! secured to an upright shaft H12 mounted on the rectangular frame 40. Extending rearwardly from the shaft is alever I03 connected as at I04 to a rod I05 whichextends toward the center of the loom to have pivotal contact as at 5 15 with the lever 11 already described. A cam arm I06 extends outwardly from the shaft I02 and has a lug 101 to coactwith a lug I08 on a lever arm I00 secured toand moving with upright shaft IIO rotatable in bearing structure 10 carried bythe rectangularframe. The lugs I01 and I 08 coact in a manner similar to that described in connection with Fig. 12 and act to move the lever arm I09 to-the right as viewed in Fig. 4 whenever rod I05 is pulled toward the 15 center of the loom by 'actionof lobe 81 on the barrel cam. A torsion spring lII around shaft IIO acts as shown in Fig. 5 to move arm I09 to the left, or outwardly from the loom.

On the drop box side of the loom it is desirable to have a binder for each cell and'these are shown herein asat H5, H6, H1 and H8, all pivoted on a binder pin I I9 carried by the vertically shifting shuttle box structure 4I. Each binder may have a binder spring I20 tending to move the binder rearwardly. The shaft H0 is surrounded by a torsionspring III the effect of which is to move a relieving arm I22 securedto shaft IIO rearwardly, such tendency being resisted by the lugs I01 and I08 unless rod I05'is moved to advance the roll I00 toward the active shuttle.

The arm I22 carries a vertical pin I23 which is positioned to enter the slotted ends I24 of the binders, this relation being shown in Fig. 4 in connection withbinder '5. As the boxes shift to render one or anotherof the cells active, the pin I23 will have successive sliding engagement with the binders of the cells which'move to or through active position. At the end of a box shift the arm I22 will be related bylits pin I23 40 to the binder of the cell in active position.

In the operation of that part of our invention located at the drop box end of the loom the boxes willshift in response to changes in the pattern mechanism and the shuttles in the gang of cells 95 by their binders. The arm I22 is normally so placed as to enter and leave the slots I24, which are normally substantially aligned, as the boxes shift. As soon as the box shift is completed, however, the lobe 01 will act to rock lever 11 in a direction to'cause rod I05 to move inwardly toward the center of the loom, whereupon roll I00 will move through a slot I30 in'the back of the actively positioned cell to move the shuttle in said cell forwardly against the belts I25. At the same time arm I06 will be moved rearwardly, or upwardly as viewed in Fig. 4, with resultant coaction between the lugs I01 and I08 effective to move arm I22 forwardly and thereby rock the binder corresponding to the active cell forwardly to permit the active shuttle to move against the belts without restraint.

When the shuttles are moved against either pair of belts as described they will be moved out 55 of the boxes which they occupy and extend across the lay to enter the shuttle box aligned with the reed at the opposite side. The rolls and binders are controlled by the cam groove in such a way that a shuttle upon entering a box will be checked by its binder and held back far enough to prevent the shuttle from moving against the continuously running belt.

The belts are made of elastic material such as rubber and when the shuttle is first moved into contact with the beltsthe inertia of the shuttle will be held behind contacting relation with belt will temporarily resist itsonward motion. During this period of resistance the belts will stretch to set up a tensional stress in the belts. After the shuttle has acquired speed and reaches the point where it is to leave the shuttle box the tensional strain in the belts asserts itself and there results a contraction of the previously stretched part of the belt, resulting in acceleration of the shuttle and driving the latter out of the box at a rate of speed greater than that of the normal speed of the belt. It is by the use of elastic belts that we acquire the final whip in the picking stroke similar to that found in ordinary Wooden stick picking where the bowing of -'the picker stick is relied'upon to give the shuttle a final rapid thrust just before it starts through the shed. I

When applied to the drop box end of the loom the binders are employed to hold the several shuttles out of the path of the travelling belts during the shifting and it is not until just before the time for picking, which usually follows closely upon the completion of the box shift, that the roll I00 is operative to move the actively placed shuttle against the actuator belts. time the binder for the active shuttle is moved as already described to permit the shuttle to move without hindrance into properpicking position. 1 I Reference to Figs. 6 and 7 will show .the rela tion of the shifting boxes with respect to the shuttles, shuttle positioners and the belts. The dot and dash line represents the plane of the shuttle actuating surface of the belts. Fig. 6

represents an intermediate position between the 1 beginning and ending of a box shift, and it will be noted that the roll I00 is in non-working position so that the shuttles can pass the belt without engaging it. Fig. '7 shows the relation of parts at the end of the shift, with the roll .moved to working position to push the shuttle of the actively placed cell against the belt.

From the foregoing it will be seen that we have provided a picking motion for looms wherein a binder is relied upon to keep the shuttle to be picked out of operative relationship with respect to a continuously moving belt until. the time for picking is reached in the cycle of loom operation. It will further be seen that we have employed elastic belts which because of their ability to stretch during the first part of a shuttle motion followed by contraction give the shuttle an impetus or speed additional to the normal rate of travel of the belt. It will further be seen that we have provided a shuttle actuator having a v friction surface whichmoves in a fixed path and so related to the shifting shuttle boxes as to have picking relation with the active shuttle only without disturbing the boxing of the shuttles in those cells which are to remain inactive.

Having thus described our invention it will be seen that changes and modifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and we do not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, but What we claim is:

1. In a picking motion for a loom operating with a shuttle, a constantly travelling belt having a friction surface, a shuttle box adjacent the belt to receive the shuttle, a shuttle binder. for the box normally positioned to hold. the shuttle away from the belt, and means operative at the time of picking to move the shuttle toward. the belt and also operative independently of. the

At the same shuttle to move the binder away from shuttle checking position. g

2. In a picking motion for a loom operating with a shuttle, a constantly travelling belt having a friction surface, a shuttle box adjacent the belt to receive the shuttle, a shuttle binder normally positioned to check the shuttle and hold the latter away from the belt, and means operative at the time of picking to move the shuttle into engagement with the belt and operative independently of the shuttle to move the binder transversely of the. shuttle in the'direction in which the shuttle moves when moving toward the belt.

3. In a picking motion for a loom operating with a shuttle, a shuttle box to receive the shuttle, a constantly moving belt having a friction surface located on one side ofv the box, a shuttle binder located on the said :side of the box normally operative to hold the shuttle out of contact with the belt, and means operative at the time of picking to move the shuttle against the belt and also operative independently of the shuttle to move the binder in a direction to permit the shuttle to move toward the belt.

4. In a picking motion for a loom operating with a shuttle, a shuttle box, an elastic belt having a shuttle engaging surface extending along one side of the box, a driving pulley near the outer end of the shuttle box to move said belt constantly at a givenspeed, an idle pulley near the inner end of the-shuttle box, the belt being trained around the pulleys and having two portions extending in the direction of the length of the shuttle box, one portion remote from and the other portion adjacent the shuttle, and meansto move a shuttle in the box into contact with the belt at the time of picking, the inertia of the shuttle resisting movement out of the box and thereby setting up a tension stress in the belt to stretch the latter during the first part'of the movement of the shuttle, the tensional stress operative during the latter part of the movement of the shuttle out of the box to restore the belt to normal condition and thereby impart to the shuttle by the contraction ofv the belt a speed which is greater than said given speed.

5. In a picking motion for a loom operating with a shuttle, a shuttle box, a belt having two substantially parallel portions one of which extends along the shuttle box, means to drive said belt so that the part along the shuttle moves in a direction to pick a shuttle out of the box, said belt being elastic and having a frictional surface, the driving means for the belt to engagethe latter at that'part thereof which is remote from the center of the loom, and means to move the shuttle into contact with the belt at the time of picking, the shuttle by its inertia resisting movement by the belt and causing the means to set up a tensional stress at the time of picking in that part of the belt out of contact with the shuttle, the stress thus set up in the belt being operative during the latter part of the movement of the shuttle out of the box to impart .to .the shuttle a motion in excess of the normal speed of the belt.

6. In a loom, a set of shuttle boxes to cooperate with a plurality of weaving shuttles shiftable during a given period in the cycle of loom operations, a friction picking actuator to pick a shuttle out of the actively placed box by a force transmitted to said shuttle frictionally, and means operative at the end of the aforesaid period to cause cooperative relationbetween, the actuator and the shuttle of the actively placed shuttle box.

7. In a loom, a set of shifting shuttle boxes to cooperate with a plurality of weaving shuttles, a frictionv picking, actuator normally out of operative relation with respect to the shuttles in the boxes when the latter are shifting, and means operative at the conclusion of the shifting of the boxes to effect relative movement between the actuator and the shuttle; in the actively placed box to cause the actuator to, pick the shuttle out of the active box, v

' 8. In a loom, a set oi shifting shuttle boxes to cooperate with a plurality of, weaving shuttles, each shuttle box movable to active position, a picking actuator to have frictionalcontact with the shuttle in the active shuttle box, means to shift the boxes, means to prevent cooperative relationship between the actuator and any of the shuttles during the shiftingjpf; the shuttle boxes, and means to effect operative. relation between the actuator and the shuttle in the-shuttle box which is actively placed at the conclusion of a box shift.

9. In a picking motion for a loom operating with a plurality of weaving shuttles, shifting shuttle boxes to render each weaving shuttle active, a

constantly travelling shuttle actuator to have frictional engagementwith the shuttle in active position, means to shift the boxes above and below the actuator,- and means operative upon the completion of the box shift to move the shuttle in active position into picking relation with respect to the actuator.- p

10. In a loom, shifting shuttle boxes to cooperate with a plurality oflweaving shuttles, means to shift the boxes to render any box active, acontinuously moving shuttle actuator effective to pick a shuttle out of any actively positioned shuttle box, :meansto prevent cooperative relation between the weaving shuttles and the actuator during the shifting of the boxes, and means to operatively relate the actuator and the shuttlein the box which is inactive position at the end of the shifting movement of the boxes. I

11. In a loom, shifting. shuttle boxes to 000perate with a plurality of weaving shuttles, means to shift the boxes to renderany box active, a continuously moving friction shuttle picking actuator, means operative during the shifting of the boxes to prevent cooperationbetween the actuator and any of the shuttles, and means operative at the end of the box shift to effect relative movement of the actuator and shuttle in the actively placed box to cause the actuator to pick the shut tle in the actively placed box out of the latter.

12. In a loom; a set of shifting shuttle boxes to cooperate with a plurality of weaving shuttles, a friction picking actuator for the shuttles located at one side of the shifting boxes, shuttle positioning means located on the other side of the shifting boxes, means to prevent the shuttles in the shuttle boxes from having operative relation with respect to the actuator during the shifting of the boxes, andmeans operative at the conclusion of a shifting of the boxes to cause the positioner to move the shuttle in active-position into operative relation withrespect to theactuator. v

13. In a loom, a constantly moving friction shuttle picking actuator, a shuttle positioner, a set of shifting shuttle boxes to cooperate with a plurality of Weaving shuttles, means to shift the boxes between the actuator and shuttle positioner, the shuttles being out of contacting position with respect to the actuator during the shifting of the boxes, andmeansoperative at the conclusion of the shifting of the shuttleboxes 'to cause the positioner to move the shuttle in the actively placed box into operative relationship with respect to the actuator.

14. In a loom, a set of shifting shuttle boxes to cooperate with a plurality of weaving shuttles, a binder for each shuttle box, a friction actuator for picking the shuttles, the binders holding the shuttles in the boxes out of operative relation with respect to the actuator during the shifting of the boxes, means to effect movement of the shuttle in the box which is moved to active position at the end of the box shift into operative relation with the actuator, and means to move the binder of the actively placed shuttle box in a direction to permit the shuttle corresponding thereto to move toward the actuator.

15. In a loom, a set of shifting shuttle boxes to cooperate with a plurality of weaving shuttles, a friction picking actuator for the shuttles, a binder for each shuttle box, the binders holding the shuttles out of operative relation with respect to the actuator during the shifting movement of the boxes, a controller to cooperate with the binder of a shuttle box in active position, and means operative at the end of a box shift to cause the controller to move the binder of the active shuttle away from the shuttle in the active box and also move the shuttle of the active box into operative relation with respect to the actuator.

16. In a loom, a set of shifting shuttle boxes to cooperate with a plurality of weaving shuttles, means to shift said boxes in a given direction to render each box active one at a time, a picking actuator located at one. side of the shuttle boxes to have frictional contact with a shuttle in the active box, said actuator normally out of operative relation with respect to the shuttles during a shifting movement of the boxes, and means operative at the conclusion of a shifting of the shuttle boxes to effect relative movement between the actuator and the shuttle in the actively placed box transversely of the aforesaid direction in which the shuttle boxes shift to cause cooperative relation between the actuator and the actively placed shuttle for the purpose of picking the latter.

17. In a loom, a set of shifting shuttle boxes each to contain an active shuttle, means to shift the shuttle boxes to render any one of them active, a picking actuator to have frictional contact with the shuttle in the actively placed box, shuttle checking means for each box to prevent cooperative relation between the actuator and any of the shuttles during the shifting of the boxes, and means to cause cooperative relation between the actuator and a shuttle in the actively placed box at the conclusion of a box shift.

18. In a picking motion for a loom operating with a shuttle, a shuttlebox, a pair of pulleys spaced along the shuttle box at different distances from the center of the m, an inherently elastic belt stretched around the pulleys and having one portion adjacent the shuttle in a shuttle box and having a second portion remote from a shuttle in the shuttle box, means to cause the pulley remote from the center of the loom to apply a driving force to the belt, means to force a shuttle in the box against the first named portion of said belt, the second portion of said belt stretching at the time of picking and thereby setting up a tensional strain transmitted around the pulley nearer the center of the loom tending to cause the first named portion of the belt to move the shuttle out of the box, the second portion of said belt contracting during the latter part of the picking motion to cause the first named portion of the belt to impart to the shuttle a speed greater than the normal speed of the belt.

CARL J. LINDEGREN. JACOB B. OLCH.

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