US2078884A - Liquid fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

April 27, 1937. E. c. voLLMER LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed July 15, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l 1 INVENTOR. MwJ/z/ ATTORNEY April 27, 1937.

E. c. VOLLMER LIQUID FUEL BURNER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Filed July 15, 1956 |||||Il|||4rl| lllllhnlllllllllll Il Meld...

INVENToR.

By M I ATToRNEY Patented ,Apr.- .27, 1937 UNITED STATES` PATENT OFFICE t v LIQUID FUEL uvam Earl C. Vollmer, Rock vIsland, lll., assignor to 'Micro-Westen, Incorporated, Bettendorf, Iowa,

a corporation of Delaware vApplication July 15, 1936, Serial No. 90,671

4 Claims.

The present invention relates to heating units and more especially heating units of the oil burning type for use in conjunction with h ot air, hot water, or steam heating plants for the heating i of houses, stores, and the like. It is Afound that in furnaces of a certain type, particularly those in which the overalll efciency is high, there L is a certain variation in air pressure causing fluctuation of the burner flame and unpleasant pulsations,\resulting in undue noise when the burner unit is operating. It is the main purpose of this invention to provide a structure and mode of operation which will obviate the diiilculty .re-

ferred to and which is experienced by most users l5 of the type 0f furnace mentioned. Another objectoi'this invention is the provision of an improved mode of draft control whereby the draft through the heating unit to the furnace may be regulated 4to a nicety and in accordance with 20 the amount -of oil consumed. Such further obannexed hereto and forming Fig. 1 represents a side elevation, partly broken l away and in section, illustrating my present invention; Y

Fig. 2 represents an end elevation taken inthe direction indicated by the arrows 2 2, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 yrepresents a" fragmentary sectioni approximately along the plane indicated by the line 88 ,Fig.1.

Reference will-now be madein greater detail to the annexed drawings for a more complete description of this invention. The casing of the' 45 burner is denoted, in general, bythe numeral I -while the end of the burner unit, which isy insertedv into the combustion chamber of the furnace, is indicated by the numeral 2. A flange 8., adjacent the parti', provided with'boltholes 4, furnishes means forthe attachment of this burner unit to the Vfurnace wall. Since no novelty is claimed in this application in the electrodes, fuel delivery pipe, burner nozzle, etc., a description thereof will not be entered into further than to say that they are located in the (ci. s-1,)

channel 5 through which pass the air delivered by the i'an 8. I

Ofy the pipes 1 and 8, one serves as a fuel inlet and the other as a by-pass back tothe fuel. tank from vthe pressure valve located in the casing 9. 5' The-pipe for can'yingthe fuel fromthe pres sure valve to the tube, by meansl of which the fuel is carried to the inozzle, is indicated at Ill. 'I'he fan 6 is located inthe Afan casing II and is driven by the motor indicated at I2. 'I'he inlet to the fan is indicated at I3 and through this inlet passes the shaft I4 which drives the oil pump in the casing 9.

'I'he main air inlet pipe is indicated at I5 and this is controlled by a valve I 8, adjustable to carry thel amount of air passing into the fan in accordance with theamount of oil beingY fed through thetube I8 and the nozzle. A n auxiliary air inlet I1 is controlled by a valve I8, adjustable as desired. An opening I8 leads out through the lower part of the unit 2 and is controllable, as desired, by the valve 28. The openings I'I and I9 unite in the opening 2|, which opens sidewise, as indicated at 22, into the hollow of the projection 23 extending from the casing 2l which is secured to the side of the fan housing or casing II. Therefore, it will be seen that auxiliary air entering the opening Il and gases `from Athe combustion chamber, passing through the open-1 ing i9, will eo-mingle and pass through openings 2| and 22 to the inlet side of the fan 6.

When a large amount of oil is being consumed, the valve- I8 should be open to supply as much air as is needed for the combustion of the fuel. At the same time that valve 28 is partially open, valve I 8 is partially closed, this adjustment permitting t relief of pressure in the combustion chamber. On th'.` other hand, when the oil consumption is very small, valve I6 should be mostly closed and valve I8 fully opened to give the desired supply of air for the fuel consumed and reduce to a minimum the suction through the opening I8.

During the operation of the burner, there is a certain stage during which'the inertia of the gases in the stack and the expansion of the burning fuel in the combustion chamber are likely to reducing-tp, an undesirable extent the amount'iofy'ai-r delivered by the fan, with the result 'that there-'isf'incomplete combustion, producing a hazardous condition in the furnace. By having the valve 28 open, this pressure in the combustion chamber mayjbe relieved and the gases, passing out through the opening I9 past the valve 20, will be drawn into the fan and again forced into the combustion chamber. 'Ihese gases are co-mingled with cold airpassing through the opening I1 and thus there is a tendencyto keep the apparatus at a reasonable operating temper- 5 ature. The provision of the opening I9 from the combustion chamber to the fan intake makes it possible to prevent the escape of furnace gases into the furnace room.

It will of course be understood that the specific 1o description of structure set forth above may be departed from without departing from the spirit of this invention as set forth in this specication and the appended claims.

Having now described my invention, I claim: 1. An oil burning unit of the pressure atomizing type for use with a furnace having a combustion chamber, comprising a. fan housing having a fan located therein and provided with a. main l air-inlet, a burner nozzle, an air conduit for con- 20 ducting air from the fan housing to the combustion chamber and delivering it around said nozzle, an auxiliary air-inletcommunicating with the main air-inlet, a second conduit communicating 'with said auidliary air inlet and having its inlet Y 25 in the combustion chamber in the vicinity of the nozzle, regulating means for regulating the amount of free air admitted through the main air-inlet, regulating means for regulating the ow of air through the auxiliary air-inlet, and regu- 30 lating means for regulating the flow of gases from the combustion chamber to the stream of air flowing through the auxiliary air-inlet.

2. In an oil-burning apparatus of the pressure atomizing type for use with a furnace havin a combustion chamber, having a nozzle, an aircarrylng conduit for supplying air to support combustion, a fan for forcing air through the conduit and having a main air-intake, an auxiliary air-intake for said fan, and a passageway leading from the vicinity of the burner nomle to said auxiliary air-intake, whereby products of combustion from the combustion chamber are mixed with the air flowing through said auxiliary air-intake.

3. In an oil-burning apparatus of the pressure atomizing type for use with a furnace having a combustion chamber, having an oil spray nozzle, 4

an air conduit for supplying air to support combustion, a fan for forcing air through the conduit and having a main air-intake, an auxiliary airintake for said fan, a passage-way leading from the vicinity of the spray nozzle to 'said auxliiary air-intake, whereby products of combustion from the combustion chamber are m'ixed with the air flowing through said auxiliary air-intake, a valve for regulating the amount of air admitted through the main air-intake, a valve for regulating the flow of air through the auxiliary airintake, and a valve for regulating the flow of gases from the combustion chamber to the stream of air flowing through the auxiliary air-intake.

4. A structure as defined by claim 3 in which the auxiliary air-intake has a carrying capacity less than that of the main air-intake.

EARL c. vormma.

Images